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EP2739927B1 - Device for refining metal melts - Google Patents

Device for refining metal melts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2739927B1
EP2739927B1 EP13742381.0A EP13742381A EP2739927B1 EP 2739927 B1 EP2739927 B1 EP 2739927B1 EP 13742381 A EP13742381 A EP 13742381A EP 2739927 B1 EP2739927 B1 EP 2739927B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
partitions
radial
melt
ribs
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EP13742381.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2739927B2 (en
EP2739927A1 (en
Inventor
Ivona JANICZKOVÁ
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Jap Industries Sro
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Jap Trading Sro
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
    • C22B21/064—Obtaining aluminium refining using inert or reactive gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary apparatus for refining molten metal having a cylindrical rotor fixed to a hollow shaft formed by two parallel disks connected to radial partitions, and having a central cavity open at the bottom and top with a feed bore in the shank is connected, starting from the cavity channels, which are separated by intermediate walls and wider in the radial direction.
  • Molten non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and its alloys, must be refined prior to casting, i. from gases and non-metallic waste.
  • Aluminum is especially hydrogen and calcium.
  • the hydrogen solubility in an aluminum melt increases with temperature, while it is very low in the solid phase.
  • the gas and solid shots scattered in the melt may result in pores in the casting, thereby causing a deterioration of their mechanical properties.
  • the refining of the fused metal is usually carried out by means of a rotary device which whirls in the melt and supplies to the melt dry inert gas such as argon, nitrogen or their mixture together with reactive salt mixtures.
  • the gas passes through the hollow shaft into the rotor, which dissipates the gas in the form of fine bubbles in the melt at the bottom of the melting vessel.
  • the bubbles pass through the melt, the hydrogen diffuses into the bubbles, rises with them to surface and escapes into the atmosphere. At the same time, the bubbles bind solid shoots and take them to the surface, where they are collected as slag.
  • the rotor is formed by two parallel discs, between which there are radial channels separated by dividing walls.
  • the rotor has a central downwardly open chamber connected to a bore in the shaft and to the radial channels of the rotor.
  • the degassing after the EP 2017560 differs from the latter essentially in that the same recesses are made in the upper and in the lower disc of the rotor.
  • One of the versions of the in the US 6,589,313 described rotor differs from the rotor after the EP0332292 in that the rotor is provided on the upper side with radial ribs, but which have no influence on the movement of the melt under the rotor.
  • the rotor after the US 6,056,803 has an upper cone-shaped part and a lower cylindrical part, in which there is a central cavity. From this excavation go out radial, open at the bottom side channels. The gas is fed through small holes directly into the channels.
  • a rotor head for refining the molten metal having a central cavity into which gas is fed.
  • a rotary device for refining metal melts comprising a cylinder-shaped rotor fixed to a hollow shaft formed by two parallel discs connected to radial partitions, and one open at the bottom and connected at the top to a feed bore in the shaft Central cavity has, starting from the central cavity channels, which are separated by the intermediate walls and wider in the radial direction.
  • the rotor according to the invention is provided on the lower side with radial blades.
  • the blades are advantageously arcuate, oriented with their convex side in the direction of rotation.
  • joints are formed, which connect the respective channel with the lower side of the rotor.
  • the joints are advantageously guided along the convex flanks of the blade.
  • the circumference of the rotor is provided with longitudinal ribs which connect to the partitions.
  • the length of the longitudinal ribs corresponds to the height of the partitions.
  • the length of the longitudinal ribs may correspond to the height of the rotor, wherein the ribs pass into the blade at the lower end.
  • the partitions are provided with projections which protrude into the cavity.
  • the inventive device for refining of molten metal after Fig. 1 is formed by a cylindrical rotor 1 , which is screwed to a provided with a specific gas supply hole 2 shaft.
  • the rotor 1 is formed by two parallel disks 3, 4 , which are connected by radial partitions 5 .
  • the rotor 1 has a central cavity 6, which is open at the bottom and connected at the top to the bore in the shaft 2 . Between the discs 3, 4 are through the partitions 5 separate channels 7, which emanate from the cavity 6 and are wider in the radial direction.
  • radial arcuate blades 8 are mounted, which are directed with their convex side in the direction of rotation, that are bent in the direction of rotation. The direction of rotation is marked with an arrow.
  • the number of blades 8 corresponds to the number of partitions 5.
  • the blades 8 are below the partitions fifth
  • the partitions 5 are provided with projections 11 which protrude into the cavity 6 .
  • the cavity 6 has here, in comparison with the above, a slightly larger diameter.
  • the inert gas containing the dispersed reactive salts is injected through the bore of the stem 2 into the cavity 6 of the molten rotor 1 .
  • the rotor 1 operates similar to the rotor of a radial pump, ie it sucks the melt from below into the cavity 6, and as a result of the centrifugal force it hurls it into the environment.
  • the melt is mixed in the cavity 6 with the gas, it form fine bubbles, which are scattered together with the melt in the entire profile of the melting vessel. This effect is reinforced by the ribs 9 .
  • the radial vanes 8 on the lower side of the rotor 1 cause a swirling of the melt under the rotor 1, and lead to a toroidal vortex, in whose distal part the melt sinks and in the proximal part it rises.
  • the impurities accumulating on the bottom of the crucible are swirled to the level of the bubbles and then carried to the surface by them.
  • the protrusions 11 projecting into the cavity 6 mix the gas fed into the cavity 6 with the melt and thereby assist the generation of the bubbles.
  • the rotors according to the invention also have a better distribution of the speeds in the horizontal planes at the same rotational speed.
  • the following table shows the maximum melt velocities at the exit from the channels of the rotor with V1 max and 10 mm below the rotor with V2 max .
  • the rotor according to the variant of the invention Fig. 3 with a diameter of 190 mm was tested at a speed of 500 1 / min in a foundry when refining aluminum melt during piston casting.
  • the refining is carried out here in a conventional manner, first with nitrogen, then with chlorine, and finally reactive salt mixtures are added.
  • the calcium content in the melt is determined.
  • the refining is terminated when the calcium content has approached zero.
  • the calcium level dropped to 3 ppm after 3 minutes and the refining had to be continued for another 1.5 minutes.
  • the calcium content dropped below 1 ppm after 3 minutes.
  • the use of the rotor according to the invention in this foundry further showed that this rotor has a more favorable effect on the composition and consistency of the slag.
  • a slurry of slag containing up to 50 kg of aluminum per batch was formed.
  • Fine dusty slag was formed containing only 20 kg of aluminum per batch. This fact is due to a better mixing and purification of the slag in the whole volume of the melting vessel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rotationsvorrichtung zum Raffinieren von Metallschmelzen, die einen an einem hohlen Schaft befestigten zylinderförmigen Rotor aufweist, der durch zwei parallele mit radialen Zwischenwänden verbundene Scheiben gebildet ist, und der eine Zentralaushöhlung aufweist, die unten offen und oben mit einer Zuführbohrung in dem Schaft verbunden ist, wobei von der Aushöhlung Kanäle ausgehen, die durch Zwischenwände getrennt und in radialer Richtung breiter sind.The invention relates to a rotary apparatus for refining molten metal having a cylindrical rotor fixed to a hollow shaft formed by two parallel disks connected to radial partitions, and having a central cavity open at the bottom and top with a feed bore in the shank is connected, starting from the cavity channels, which are separated by intermediate walls and wider in the radial direction.

Geschmolzene Buntmetalle, wie Aluminium und dessen Legierungen, müssen vor dem Abguss raffiniert werden, d.h. von Gasen und nichtmetallischen Einschüssen befreit werden. Bei Aluminium handelt es sich besonders um Wasserstoff und Kalzium. Die Wasserstofflöslichkeit in einer Aluminiumschmelze wächst mit der Temperatur, während sie in der festen Phase sehr niedrig ist. Das Gas und die festen Einschüsse, die in der Schmelze zerstreut sind, können Poren im Abguss, und dadurch eine Verschlechterung dessen mechanischer Eigenschaften zur Folge haben.Molten non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum and its alloys, must be refined prior to casting, i. from gases and non-metallic waste. Aluminum is especially hydrogen and calcium. The hydrogen solubility in an aluminum melt increases with temperature, while it is very low in the solid phase. The gas and solid shots scattered in the melt may result in pores in the casting, thereby causing a deterioration of their mechanical properties.

Die Raffinierung des verschmolzenen Metalls wird gewöhnlich mittels einer Rotationsvorrichtung ausgeführt, die in der Schmelze einen Wirbel bildet und der Schmelze trockenes inertes Gas wie Argon, Nitrogen oder deren Gemisch, gemeinsam mit reaktiven Salzgemischen zuführt. Das Gas gelangt durch den hohlen Schaft in den Rotor, der das Gas in Form von feinen Bläschen in die Schmelze am Schmelzgefäßboden zerstreut. Die Bläschen durchsetzen die Schmelze, der Wasserstoff diffundiert in die Bläschen, steigt mit ihnen zu Oberfläche auf und entweicht in die Atmosphäre. Gleichzeitig binden die Bläschen feste Einschüsse an sich und nehmen sie zur Oberfläche mit, wo sie als Schlacke gesammelt werden.The refining of the fused metal is usually carried out by means of a rotary device which whirls in the melt and supplies to the melt dry inert gas such as argon, nitrogen or their mixture together with reactive salt mixtures. The gas passes through the hollow shaft into the rotor, which dissipates the gas in the form of fine bubbles in the melt at the bottom of the melting vessel. The bubbles pass through the melt, the hydrogen diffuses into the bubbles, rises with them to surface and escapes into the atmosphere. At the same time, the bubbles bind solid shoots and take them to the surface, where they are collected as slag.

Ein Beispiel einer derartigen Vorrichtung ist in der EP 0332292 beschrieben. Der Rotor ist durch zwei parallele Scheiben gebildet, zwischen denen sich radiale, mit Trennwänden getrennte Kanäle befinden. Der Rotor hat eine zentrale unten geöffnete Kammer, die mit einer Bohrung in dem Schaft und mit den radialen Kanälen des Rotors verbunden ist.An example of such a device is in EP 0332292 described. The rotor is formed by two parallel discs, between which there are radial channels separated by dividing walls. The rotor has a central downwardly open chamber connected to a bore in the shaft and to the radial channels of the rotor.

Um die Lebensdauer des Rotors nach der EP 0332292 zu verlängern und seine Funktion zu verbessern, wurde eine in WO 2004/057045 vorliegende Rotationsvorrichtung entwickelt. Sie ist durch einen hohlen Schaft gebildet, an dem ein Rotor in Form von zwei aufeinander liegenden und mit vier radialen Trennwänden verbundenen Scheiben befestigt ist. Der Rotor hat eine zentrale, unten geöffnete Kammer, die einerseits mit der Bohrung in dem Schaft und andererseits mit breiter werdenden Kanälen zwischen den Trennwänden verbunden ist. Ein neues Element stellen hier halbkreisförmige Ausnehmungen am Umfang der oberen Scheibe dar. Es handelt sich um acht Ausnehmungen, also zwei für jeden Kanal. Diese Ausnehmungen sollen einer besseren Zerstreuung des Gases in der Schmelze dienen.To extend the life of the rotor after the EP 0332292 to extend and improve its function, was an in WO 2004/057045 present rotating device developed. It is formed by a hollow shaft, to which a rotor in the form of two superimposed and connected with four radial partitions discs is attached. The rotor has a central, downwardly open chamber, which is connected on the one hand with the bore in the shaft and on the other hand with widening channels between the partitions. A new element here are semicircular recesses on the circumference of the upper disc. There are eight recesses, so two for each channel. These recesses are intended to serve better dispersion of the gas in the melt.

Die Entgasungsvorrichtung nach der EP 2017560 unterscheidet sich von der Letzteren im Wesentlichen dadurch, dass die gleichen Ausnehmungen in der oberen und in der unteren Scheibe des Rotors ausgeführt sind.The degassing after the EP 2017560 differs from the latter essentially in that the same recesses are made in the upper and in the lower disc of the rotor.

Für die in den obigen Dokumenten beschriebenen Rotoren ist bezeichnend, dass sie nirgendwo die Kontur des Zylinders mit einer ebenen Grundfläche überragen. Der Zylinderumfang ist entweder glatt, oder mit Ausnehmungen versehen. Solche Rotoren leisten der Schmelze einen kleinen Widerstand, was sich positiv auf ihre Lebensdauer auswirken kann. Es kommt jedoch nicht zum Vermischen der Schmelze und zum Zerstreuen der Bläschen im ganzen Schmelzgefäß. Das betrifft besonders den Schmelzgefäßboden, wo sich die Einschüsse von der höheren spezifischen Masse ansammeln. Diese Tatsache beeinträchtigt die Dauer der Raffinierung, sowie die Zusammensetzung und Konsistenz der Schlacke.It is significant for the rotors described in the above documents that they do not project beyond the contour of the cylinder with a flat base surface. The cylinder circumference is either smooth, or provided with recesses. Such rotors afford the melt a small resistance, which can have a positive effect on their service life. However, there is no mixing of the melt and scattering of the bubbles throughout the melting vessel. This is especially true of the bottom of the melting pot, where the shots from the higher specific mass accumulate. This fact affects the duration of the refining, as well as the composition and consistency of the slag.

Eine der Ausführungen des in der US 6,589,313 beschriebenen Rotors unterscheidet sich von dem Rotor nach der EP0332292 dadurch, dass der Rotor auf der oberen Seite mit radialen Rippen versehen ist, die aber keinen Einfluss auf die Bewegung der Schmelze unter dem Rotor haben.One of the versions of the in the US 6,589,313 described rotor differs from the rotor after the EP0332292 in that the rotor is provided on the upper side with radial ribs, but which have no influence on the movement of the melt under the rotor.

Der Rotor nach der US 6,056,803 hat einen oberen kegelförmigen Teil und einen unteren zylinderförmigen Teil, in dem sich eine zentrale Aushöhlung befindet. Von dieser Aushöhlung gehen radiale, an der unteren Seite offene Kanäle aus. Das Gas wird durch kleine Bohrungen direkt in die Kanäle zugeführt.The rotor after the US 6,056,803 has an upper cone-shaped part and a lower cylindrical part, in which there is a central cavity. From this excavation go out radial, open at the bottom side channels. The gas is fed through small holes directly into the channels.

In der DE 1 0301 561 ist ein Rotorkopf zum Raffinieren der Metallschmelze beschrieben, der unten eine zentrale Aushöhlung hat, in die Gas geführt wird. An der unteren Rotorseite befinden sich radiale Rillen, die eine konkave Form haben.In the DE 1 0301 561 For example, a rotor head for refining the molten metal is described below having a central cavity into which gas is fed. On the lower rotor side there are radial grooves, which have a concave shape.

Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Raffinieren von Metellschmelzen zu entwerfen, welche die Fertigungszeit zur Entfernung der Einschüsse aus der Schmelze reduziert und den Metallinhalt in der Schlacke verringert.It is the object of the invention to devise a device for refining metal melts, which reduces the production time for removing the slugs from the melt and reduces the metal content in the slag.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Rotationsvorrichtung zum Raffinieren von Metellschmelzen gelöst, die einen an einem hohlen Schaft befestigten zylinderförmigen Rotor aufweist, der durch zwei parallele mit radialen Zwischenwänden verbundene Scheiben gebildet ist, und der eine unten offene und oben mit einer Zuführbohrung in dem Schaft verbundene Zentralaushöhlung aufweist, wobei von der Zentralaushöhlung Kanäle ausgehen, die durch die Zwischenwände getrennt und in radialer Richtung breiter sind. Der Rotor nach der Erfindung ist an der unteren Seite mit radialen Schaufeln versehen.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a rotary device for refining metal melts comprising a cylinder-shaped rotor fixed to a hollow shaft formed by two parallel discs connected to radial partitions, and one open at the bottom and connected at the top to a feed bore in the shaft Central cavity has, starting from the central cavity channels, which are separated by the intermediate walls and wider in the radial direction. The rotor according to the invention is provided on the lower side with radial blades.

Die Schaufeln sind in vorteilhafter Weise bogenförmig, mit ihrer konvexen Seite in Drehrichtung orientiert.The blades are advantageously arcuate, oriented with their convex side in the direction of rotation.

In der unteren Scheibe des Rotors, entlang der Schaufelflanken sind Fugen ausgebildet, die den jeweiligen Kanal mit der unteren Seite des Rotors verbinden.In the lower disc of the rotor, along the blade edges joints are formed, which connect the respective channel with the lower side of the rotor.

Die Fugen sind in vorteilhafter Weise entlang der konvexen Flanken der Schaufel geführt.The joints are advantageously guided along the convex flanks of the blade.

Um die Zerstreuung der Bläschen in der Schmelze in horizontaler Ebene zu verbessern, ist der Umfang des Rotors mit Längsrippen versehen, die an die Trennwände anschließen.In order to improve the dispersion of the bubbles in the melt in a horizontal plane, the circumference of the rotor is provided with longitudinal ribs which connect to the partitions.

Die Länge der Längsrippen entspricht der Höhe der Trennwände.The length of the longitudinal ribs corresponds to the height of the partitions.

In einer anderen Ausführung kann die Länge der Längsrippen der Höhe des Rotors entsprechen, wobei die Rippen am unteren Ende in die Schaufel übergehen.In another embodiment, the length of the longitudinal ribs may correspond to the height of the rotor, wherein the ribs pass into the blade at the lower end.

In einer anderen Ausführung sind die Trennwände mit Vorstößen versehen, die in die Aushöhlung hineinragen.In another embodiment, the partitions are provided with projections which protrude into the cavity.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten sechs Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen (wobei a) in Zentralprojektion, b) in Unteransicht und c) in Vorderansicht dargestellt sind):

Fig. 1 a, b, c
eine Grundausführung des Rotors,
Fig. 2 a, b, c
eine Ausführung nach Fig. 1, mit Fugen an der unteren Scheibe,
Fig. 3 a, b, c
eine Ausführung nach Fig. 1 mit Rippen, deren Länge mit der Höhe der Trennwände übereistimmt,
Fig. 4 a, b, c
eine Ausführung nach Fig. 1 mit Rippen, deren Länge mit der Höhe des Rotors übereinstimmt,
Fig. 5 a, b, c
eine Ausführung nach Fig. 4 mit Fugen in der unteren Scheibe und
Fig. 6 a, b, c
eine Ausführung im Wesentlichen nach Fig. 1 mit Vorstößen, die in die Aushöhlung hineinragen.
The invention is explained below with reference to six exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. They show (where a) in central projection, b) in bottom view and c) in front view):
Fig. 1 a, b, c
a basic version of the rotor,
Fig. 2 a, b, c
an execution after Fig. 1 , with joints on the lower disc,
Fig. 3 a, b, c
an execution after Fig. 1 with ribs the length of which is the same as the height of the partitions,
Fig. 4 a, b, c
an execution after Fig. 1 with ribs whose length coincides with the height of the rotor,
Fig. 5 a, b, c
an execution after Fig. 4 with joints in the lower pane and
Fig. 6 a, b, c
an embodiment essentially according to Fig. 1 with protrusions that protrude into the cavity.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Raffinieren von Metallschmelzen nach Fig. 1 ist durch einen zylinderförmigen Rotor 1 gebildet, der an einem mit einer zur Gaszufuhr bestimmten Bohrung versehenen Schaft 2 angeschraubt ist. Der Rotor 1 ist durch zwei parallele Scheiben 3, 4 gebildet, die durch radiale Trennwände 5 verbunden sind. Der Rotor 1 hat eine zentrale Aushöhlung 6, die unten geöffnet und oben mit der Bohrung in dem Schaft 2 verbunden ist. Zwischen den Scheiben 3, 4 befinden sich durch die Trennwände 5 getrennten Kanäle 7, die von der Aushöhlung 6 ausgehen und in radialer Richtung breiter werden. An der unteren Seite des Rotors 1 sind radiale bogenförmige Schaufeln 8 angebracht, die mit ihrer konvexen Seite in Drehrichtung gerichtet sind, also in Drehrichtung gebogen sind. Die Drehrichtung ist mit einem Pfeil markiert. Die Zahl der Schaufeln 8 entspricht der Zahl der Trennwände 5. Die Schaufeln 8 liegen unter den Trennwänden 5. The inventive device for refining of molten metal after Fig. 1 is formed by a cylindrical rotor 1 , which is screwed to a provided with a specific gas supply hole 2 shaft. The rotor 1 is formed by two parallel disks 3, 4 , which are connected by radial partitions 5 . The rotor 1 has a central cavity 6, which is open at the bottom and connected at the top to the bore in the shaft 2 . Between the discs 3, 4 are through the partitions 5 separate channels 7, which emanate from the cavity 6 and are wider in the radial direction. On the lower side of the rotor 1 radial arcuate blades 8 are mounted, which are directed with their convex side in the direction of rotation, that are bent in the direction of rotation. The direction of rotation is marked with an arrow. The number of blades 8 corresponds to the number of partitions 5. The blades 8 are below the partitions fifth

In den Ausführungen nach Fig. 3, 4 und 5 gehen die Trennwände 5 an der Mantetfläche des Rotors 1 in Längsrippen 9 über, deren Länge l mit der Höhe der Trennwände 5 übereinstimmt, s. Fig. 3, oder deren Länge I mit der Höhe des Rotors 1 übereinstimmt, s. Fig. 4 und 5. Im letzteren Fall gehen die Längsrippen 9 an ihrem unteren Ende in die Schaufeln 8 über. Bei den beschriebenen Ausführungen ist der Querschnitt der Schaufeln 8 im Wesentlichen rechteckig. In spezifischen Fällen zeigte sich als effektiv, die untere Scheibe 4 mit Fugen 10 zu versehen, die die Kanäle 7 mit der unteren Seite des Rotors 1 verbinden und entlang der Schaufelflanken, vorteilhaft von konvexen, führen, s. Fig. 2 und 5.In the comments after Fig. 3, 4 and 5 go the partitions 5 on the mantle surface of the rotor 1 in longitudinal ribs 9 , whose length l coincides with the height of the partitions 5 , s. Fig. 3 , or whose length I coincides with the height of the rotor 1, s. Fig. 4 and 5 , In the latter case, the longitudinal ribs 9 go over at their lower end in the blades 8 . In the described embodiments, the cross section of the blades 8 is substantially rectangular. In specific cases, it has been found to be effective to provide the lower disc 4 with joints 10 which connect the channels 7 to the lower side of the rotor 1 and along the blade edges, advantageously convex lead, s. Fig. 2 and 5 ,

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 6 sind die Trennwände 5 mit Vorstößen 11 versehen, die in die Aushöhlung 6 hineinragen. Die Aushöhlung 6 hat hier, im Vergleich mit den vorstehenden Ausführungen, einen etwas größeren Durchmesser.In the execution after Fig. 6 the partitions 5 are provided with projections 11 which protrude into the cavity 6 . The cavity 6 has here, in comparison with the above, a slightly larger diameter.

Das inerte Gas mit den zerstreuten reaktiven Salzen wird durch die Bohrung des Schafts 2 in die Aushöhlung 6 des in der Schmelze getauchten Rotors 1 eingeblasen. Der Rotor 1 arbeitet ähnlich wie der Rotor einer Radialpumpe, d.h. er saugt die Schmelze von unten in die Aushöhlung 6, und infolge der Fliehkraft schleudert er sie in die Umgebung. Die Schmelze wird dabei in der Aushöhlung 6 mit dem Gas vermischt, es bilden sich feine Bläschen, die gemeinsam mit der Schmelze im ganzen Profil des Schmelzgefäßes zerstreut werden. Diese Wirkung wird durch die Rippen 9 verstärkt.The inert gas containing the dispersed reactive salts is injected through the bore of the stem 2 into the cavity 6 of the molten rotor 1 . The rotor 1 operates similar to the rotor of a radial pump, ie it sucks the melt from below into the cavity 6, and as a result of the centrifugal force it hurls it into the environment. The melt is mixed in the cavity 6 with the gas, it form fine bubbles, which are scattered together with the melt in the entire profile of the melting vessel. This effect is reinforced by the ribs 9 .

Die radialen Schaufeln 8 an der unteren Seite des Rotors 1 bewirken ein Wirbeln der Schmelze unter dem Rotor 1, und führen zu einem torusförmigen Wirbel, in dessen distalem Teil die Schmelze sinkt und in dessen proximalem Teil sie steigt. Die sich am Schmelzgefäßboden ansammelnden Unreinigkeiten werden bis zu dem Niveau der Bläschen aufgewirbelt, und dann werden sie von diesen zur Oberfläche getragen. Die in die Aushöhlung 6 hineinragenden Vorstöße 11 vermischen das in die Aushöhlung 6 zugeleitete Gas mit der Schmelze und unterstützen dadurch die Erzeugung der Bläschen.The radial vanes 8 on the lower side of the rotor 1 cause a swirling of the melt under the rotor 1, and lead to a toroidal vortex, in whose distal part the melt sinks and in the proximal part it rises. The impurities accumulating on the bottom of the crucible are swirled to the level of the bubbles and then carried to the surface by them. The protrusions 11 projecting into the cavity 6 mix the gas fed into the cavity 6 with the melt and thereby assist the generation of the bubbles.

Es wurden Vergleichstests dreier Varianten des erfindungsgemäßen Rotors und des in der WO 2004/057045 beschriebenen Rotors durchgeführt. Die Geschwindigkeitsfelder wurden mittels des DFD-Programms Ansys Fluent bei gleichen technischen Bedingungen ausgewertet. Die Berechnung wurde für Aluminium bei einer Rotordrehzahl von n = 500 1/Min, einer Drehungszeit von 10 s und einem äußeren Rotorumfang von 190 mm gemacht. Nur die Form des Rotors variierte.There were comparative tests of three variants of the rotor according to the invention and in the WO 2004/057045 described rotor carried out. The speed fields were evaluated using the DFD program Ansys Fluent under the same technical conditions. The calculation was made for aluminum at a rotor speed of n = 500 l / min, a rotation time of 10 s and an outer rotor circumference of 190 mm. Only the shape of the rotor varied.

Im Weiteren sind die getesteten Rotoren folgendermaßen bezeichnet:

  • B - ein Rotor nach Fig. 4
  • D - ein Rotor nach Fig. 5
  • E - ein Rotor nach Fig. 2 und
  • FO - ein Rotor nach der WO 2004/057045 .
Es wurde das Geschwindigkeitsfeld in drei Profilen, d.h. in die Schmelze durchschneidenden Ebenen, untersucht und dargestellt.In the following, the tested rotors are designated as follows:
  • B - a rotor after Fig. 4
  • D - a rotor after Fig. 5
  • E - a rotor after Fig. 2 and
  • FO - a rotor after the WO 2004/057045 ,
The velocity field in three profiles, ie in the melt intersecting planes, was examined and presented.

Es ist offensichtlich, dass der größte Unterschied zwischen den erfindungsgemäßen Rotoren und dem Rotor nach der WO 2004/057045 in der Verteilung der Geschwindigkeiten der Schmelze unter dem Rotor liegt. Die Form der erfindungsgemäßen Rotoren bewirkt ein sinkendes Strömen der Schmelze und dadurch eine gründliche Aufwirbelung der Unreinigkeiten am Boden.It is obvious that the biggest difference between the rotors according to the invention and the rotor after the WO 2004/057045 in the distribution of the velocities of the melt under the rotor. The shape of the rotors according to the invention causes a sinking flow of the melt and thus a thorough Aufwirbelung the impurities on the ground.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Rotoren weisen bei gleicher Drehzahl auch bessere Aufteilung der Geschwindigkeiten in den horizontalen Ebenen auf. In der folgenden Tabelle sind die maximalen Geschwindigkeiten der Schmelze am Austritt aus den Kanälen des Rotors mit V1max und 10 mm unter dem Rotor mit V2max angegeben. Rotor / Geschw. V1max [m/s] V2max [m/s] B 10,42 4,56 D 12,27 4,94 E 11,95 4,81 FO 5,41 2,42 The rotors according to the invention also have a better distribution of the speeds in the horizontal planes at the same rotational speed. The following table shows the maximum melt velocities at the exit from the channels of the rotor with V1 max and 10 mm below the rotor with V2 max . Rotor / speed V1 max [m / s] V2 max [m / s] B 10.42 4.56 D 12.27 4.94 e 11,95 4.81 FO 5.41 2.42

Der erfindungsgemäße Rotor der Variante nach Fig. 3 mit einem Diameter von 190 mm wurde bei einer Drehzahl von 500 1/Min in einer Gießerei beim Raffinieren von Aluminiumschmelze beim Abgießen von Kolben getestet. Die Raffinierung ist hier auf eine gängige Weise durchgeführt, zuerst mit Stickstoff, dann mit Chlor, und zuletzt werden reaktive Salzgemische zugesetzt. Es wird der Kalziumgehalt in der Schmelze ermittelt. Die Raffinierung wird beendet, wenn sich der Kalziumgehalt dem Wert Null angenähert hat. Beim Einsatz des Rotors nach der WO 2004/057045 sank der Kalziumgehalt nach 3 Minuten auf 3 ppm, und die Raffinierung musste noch weitere 1,5 Minuten fortgeführt werden. Beim Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Rotors sank der Kalziumgehalt nach 3 Minuten unter 1 ppm.The rotor according to the variant of the invention Fig. 3 with a diameter of 190 mm was tested at a speed of 500 1 / min in a foundry when refining aluminum melt during piston casting. The refining is carried out here in a conventional manner, first with nitrogen, then with chlorine, and finally reactive salt mixtures are added. The calcium content in the melt is determined. The refining is terminated when the calcium content has approached zero. When using the rotor after the WO 2004/057045 The calcium level dropped to 3 ppm after 3 minutes and the refining had to be continued for another 1.5 minutes. When using the rotor according to the invention, the calcium content dropped below 1 ppm after 3 minutes.

Der Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Rotors in dieser Gießerei zeigte weiterhin, dass dieser Rotor eine günstigere Auswirkung auf die Zusammensetzung und Konsistenz der Schlacke hat. Bei der Raffinierung mit dem Rotor nach der WO 2004/057045 entstand regelmäßig eine breiartige Schlacke, die bis zu 50 kg Aluminium pro Charge enthielt. Beim Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Rotors entstand feine staubförmige Schlacke, die nur 20 kg Aluminium pro Charge enthielt. Diese Tatsache ist auf eine bessere Vermischung und Reinigung der Schlacke im ganzen Volumen des Schmelzgefäßes zurückzuführen.The use of the rotor according to the invention in this foundry further showed that this rotor has a more favorable effect on the composition and consistency of the slag. When refining with the rotor after the WO 2004/057045 regularly a slurry of slag containing up to 50 kg of aluminum per batch was formed. When using the rotor according to the invention Fine dusty slag was formed containing only 20 kg of aluminum per batch. This fact is due to a better mixing and purification of the slag in the whole volume of the melting vessel.

Claims (8)

  1. A device for refining metal melts provided with a cylindrical rotor (1) fixed to a hollow shaft (2), the rotor comprising two parallel discs (3, 4) interconnected with radial partitions (5), a central void (6) open at the bottom and connected to a feed channel in the shaft (2), and radial channels (7) starting in the rotor void (6) and widening towards their outside end and separated with the partitions (5), characterised in that the rotor (1) is provided with radial vanes (8) on its bottom side.
  2. The device according to claim 1, characterised in that the vanes (8) are arched and oriented with their convex side in the direction of rotation.
  3. The device according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that there is a groove (10) in the bottom disc (4) along one side of each vane (8) connecting the channel (7) in the rotor (1) with its bottom side.
  4. The device according to claim 3, characterised in that the grooves (10) are implemented along the convex side of the vanes (8).
  5. The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the rotor (1) perimeter is provided with lengthwise ribs (9) as continuation of the partitions (5).
  6. The device according to claim 5, characterised in that the length (l) of the lengthwise ribs (9) corresponds to the height of the partitions (5).
  7. The device according to claim 5, characterised in that the length (l) of the lengthwise ribs (9) corresponds to the height of the rotor (1), with the ribs (9) on the bottom end widened into the radial vanes (8).
  8. The device according to claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the partitions (5) are provided with projections (11) reaching into the central void (6).
EP13742381.0A 2012-07-02 2013-06-26 Device for refining metal melts Active EP2739927B2 (en)

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CZ20120446A CZ304029B6 (en) 2012-07-02 2012-07-02 Rotary device for refining molten metal
PCT/CZ2013/000078 WO2014005560A1 (en) 2012-07-02 2013-06-26 Device for refining metal melts

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EP2739927B1 true EP2739927B1 (en) 2015-10-07
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CZ304029B6 (en) * 2012-07-02 2013-08-28 Jap Trading, S. R. O. Rotary device for refining molten metal
CN107519780B (en) * 2016-06-21 2023-05-19 上海弗鲁克科技发展有限公司 High-efficiency sugar melting equipment and rotor thereof
EP4405087A1 (en) * 2021-09-21 2024-07-31 Foseco International Limited Rotary device for treating molten metal
WO2024062216A1 (en) 2022-09-23 2024-03-28 Foseco International Limited Rotary device for treating molten metal
GB202308713D0 (en) * 2023-06-11 2023-07-26 Morgan Molten Metal Systems Gmbh Device for degassing molten metal

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WO2014005560A1 (en) 2014-01-09
CZ2012446A3 (en) 2013-08-28
EP2739927B2 (en) 2021-09-01
CZ304029B6 (en) 2013-08-28
EP2739927A1 (en) 2014-06-11
PL2739927T5 (en) 2022-01-31
PL2739927T3 (en) 2016-04-29
DE202013102823U1 (en) 2013-08-14

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