EP2775234A2 - Pompe de chaleur a eau et le moyen de l'optimision de son fonctionnement - Google Patents
Pompe de chaleur a eau et le moyen de l'optimision de son fonctionnement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2775234A2 EP2775234A2 EP13461550.9A EP13461550A EP2775234A2 EP 2775234 A2 EP2775234 A2 EP 2775234A2 EP 13461550 A EP13461550 A EP 13461550A EP 2775234 A2 EP2775234 A2 EP 2775234A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- water
- source
- coils
- heat pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimethanil Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is a water source heat pump and the optimization method of its operation.
- the heat pump may be used in system handling individual air conditioners, heating system of single-family houses possessing either a water reservoir or a place where a water reservoir might be located, or there exists a different source of water.
- the water source heat pump which is air- powered in t he lower heat source, may also be powered by water, containing an external air cooling system consisting of a compressor connected through pipeline with two heat exchangers, an evaporator and a condenser, equipped with a throttling element and a valve controlling the operation in heating and defrosting cycles.
- the said publication also presents, on page 2051, a diagram of a heat pump powered from well with groundwater consisting of pipelines of the heat exchanger , a reversing valve, and groundwater pumps.
- the groundwater is drawn from a supply well and transferred to an evaporator of a heat pump. In that place the heat absorbed in the heat pump is received, and the cooled water is transferred to the drain well.
- heat exchangers for the purpose of increasing the area of heat exchange, are usually equipped with ribbing.
- Heat pumps which apply water for powering the lower heat source are used where the water temperature is relatively high, that is, where there occurs the so called waste heat: of geothermal waters, discharge waters of power station, sewage etc. In the previously used heat pumps, the lower heat source is powered by heat from water temperature differences.
- the patent description PL 209839 presents a water source heat pump and the optimization method of its operation.
- the water source heat pump containing a lower heat source, upper heat source, connected in a counter- clockwise thermodynamic cycle, equipped with an adjustment and control system and a device for reversing the refrigerant cycle, an expansion element, water source, is characterized by the fact that the lower heat source has two exchangers: an evaporator and a cooler working alternately so that the evaporator operates as a cooler and a cooler operates as an evaporator.
- the operating method of the heat pump according to the invention is the following: the lower heat source is powered by heat energy from the water phase transition between the liquid state and solid state.
- the optimization method of the operation of a water source heat pump where the reversing of the cycle of a refrigerant is applied, is characterized by the fact that the lower heat source is powered by heat energy from the water phase transition between the liquid state and solid state.
- the refrigerant is directed through the cooler to the evaporator until a layer of ice no bigger than 5mm is created on the evaporator.
- the cycle of the refrigerant is reversed so that the evaporator functions as a cooler and the cooler functions as an evaporator.
- the "cold" accumulated in the cooler contained in the mass temperature differences, in the heat of ice melting , serves for cooling the liquid medium in the cycle.
- the function of the exchangers of the lower heat source is changed not earlier than upon defrosting of the cooler.
- the procedure is followed alternately, when one exchanger is iced on the other exchanger, through the heat delivered by a condensed refrigerant, the ice melts and goes off the surface of the exchanger.
- the water source heat pump according to the invention containing a lower heat source which , at a low water temperature, is powered by heat energy from the water phase transition between the liquid state and the solid state, upper heat source, connected in the counter-clockwise thermodynamic cycle, equipped with adjustment and control systems, an expansion element, water source, is characterized by the fact that the lower heat source has a circulation system of an intermediate fluid, containing at least three coils immersed in water with intermediate fluid running through the coils and receiving heat from water.
- the circulation system of intermediate fluid contains an electronically controlled intermediate fluid separator, a cooler pipe and an intermediate fluid pump, through which coils are connected to the lower heat exchanger.
- the intermediate fluid is an antifreeze fluid - a solution of glycol and brine.
- the coils are made of plastic that is resistant to the temperature and substances contained in water.
- the coils are placed at different depth of the water reservoir, while during the period of low external temperatures, the coils are placed by the bottom of the reservoir, and when the surface water temperature is above 4°C, the coils are placed under its surface.
- the operation of the pump according to the invention is based on a periodic change of the number and sequence of the working coils, through which runs an antifreeze intermediate fluid.
- the coils are heat exchanger immersed in winter. Upon icing of one coil, or few of them, the subsequent one is used for receiving heat from water until a layer of ice is formed on the coil. The previously iced coil is gradually being defrosted; it is switched off - no intermediate fluid flow at that time.
- the optimization method of water source heat pump operation where cyclical circulation changes of the refrigerant by heat exchanger are applied to power the evaporator of the heat pump cycle, while during the period of low external temperatures, the heat energy from the water phase transition between the liquid state and the solid state on the exchanger surface is used to power the lower heat source, is characterized by the fact that water temperature is measured in the middle of the height of each coil and, through an electronic fluid separator, the intermediate fluid is directed to the coil which, at a given moment, is placed in the water layer of the highest temperature.
- the intermediate fluid receives the heat of water solidification, next it is directed to the evaporator, where it gives up the heat until an ice layer not bigger than 15mm is formed on the coil.
- the procedure is carried out for the subsequent coils, while at that time, the iced coil is being gradually defrosted and it may re-power the evaporator of the lower heat source.
- the volume of the heat container is selected - at the side of the heat carrier - in such a way that its volume 10% bigger than the sum of the volume of the operating coils, so as to minimize the number of starts the compressor, to the maximum of 3 - 4 per hour.
- the advantage of the solution according to the invention is the use of significant heat resources of the water phase transition between the liquid state and the solid state (solidification), low costs of coil exchanger (PVC) and high resistance to salinity condition etc. in sea water or water containing large amounts of chemical compounds.
- the solution allows for flexible movement of coils under the water surface or by the bottom depending on the water temperature, at high water temperature in the surface layer, while in winter conditions - at the bottom layer.
- the heat pump possesses high COP independent of the external air temperature (especially significant in the periods of low external temperatures).
- the proposed solution allows for almost virtually continuous operation of the heat pump.
- the periods of changeover of the exchangers of intermediate fluid have no significance in the heat powering of the upper heat source.
- the proposed invention also eliminates typical drawbacks of water source and air source heat pumps, especially when the ambient temperatures in a given region fall below 0°C it guarantees high and stable thermal supply power. It practically eliminates the break for the evaporator defrosting time and eliminates the characteristic adverse cooling of the room during the defrosting period. Besides, it allows for significant increase in efficiency of the heat pump in two ways: by increasing the evaporation temperature and pressure, and eliminating the power used for the defrosting process in the functioning of the air source heat pump.
- the solution, according to the invention greatly reduces the energy consumption by the heat pump, increasing its efficiency in external conditions where the ambient temperature is close to 0°C or below 0°C.
- fig.1 presents a diagram of a water source heat pump heating up the air
- fig.2 presents a diagram of a reversible water source heat pump heating up the air
- fig.3 presents a diagram of a reversible water source heat pump cooling the air.
- the water source heat pump contains lower heat source 3, which at a low water temperature is powered by heat energy from water phase transition between the liquid state and the solid state, upper heat source 2, connected in the counter-clockwise thermodynamic cycle equipped whit adjustment and control system, expansion element 5, water source 11, circulation system of intermediate fluid.
- Lower heat source - evaporator/heat container 3 is connected to A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 coils and an air condenser/heater 2, between which an expansion element is placed in the form of an expansion valve 5.
- a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 coils are placed in a water reservoir 11 constituting an external heat container.
- a glycol solution runs through to the coils, receiving heat from water.
- the evaporator/heat container 3 is connected to a regenerative exchanger 4, compressor 1 and condenser 2.
- the air/condenser heater 2 is connected to the other side through the regenerative exchanger/ steam drier 4 and filer 10 with an expansion valve 5.
- the operation of the water source heat pump is controlled by a control system though an electronic controller 12.
- the refrigerant from the condenser 2, through the expansion valve 5, is directed to the evaporator/heat container 3, where its expansion takes place and where it change its state of aggregation, receiving heat from the glycol solution running through the A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 coils immersed in reservoir 11.
- the glycol solution that gives up the heat is cooled in the evaporator/heat containers 3 below 0°C and running through the coils, which at a given moment are placed in the water layer of the highest temperature, the glycol solution receivers heat from water, the water freezes on the coil surface at the water temperature of around 4oC and below, creating an ice layer.
- the number of coils with the glycol solution running through depends on the heat load, though it is always maximum half of the coils connected to the evaporator/heat containers 3.
- the gas refrigerant is sucked in by the compressor 1, which directs it to the condenser 2, where it gives up the heat of condensation.
- the circulation system of the intermediate fluid consist of four coils: A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , an electronic fluid separator 7, a collector pipe 9 and an intermediate fluid pump 6.
- the system is connected to the evaporator/heat container 3.
- the A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 are made of plastic resistant to temperature and aggressive substances contained in water .
- the A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 coils, functioning as heat exchanger, are placed at different depths of water reservoir.
- the electronic fluid separator 7, through electronic valves 8, directs the intermediate fluid to the proper coil.
- the glycol solution from the coil/s is directed to the evaporator 3 where it gives up the heat up to the moment where on the A1 coil a layer of ice not bigger than 15 mm is formed, next the glycol solution is directed to the subsequent coil so that the time the iced coil is circulation system of the intermediate fluid.
- the water source heat pump presented on fig. 2 contains a lower heat source with two interconnected exchangers: an evaporator/heat container 3 connected to three coils A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and an air condenser/heater 2, between which an expansion element is placed in the form of an expansion valve 5.
- the A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , coils are placed in a water reservoir 11 constituting a heat container, the brine that runs through the coils receives heat from water.
- the evaporator/heat container 3, through the four-way valve 13 is connected to the steam drier 4 and an expansion valve 5, and through the four- way valve 14 to the compressor 1.
- the condenser 2 at the other side, is connected through the four-way valve 14 to the compressor 1.
- the heat pump operation in controlled by a control system through an electronic controller 12.
- the refrigerant from the condenser, through the four-way valve 13, is directed to the steam drier/regenerative exchanger 4, where it is cooled. Further, the refrigerant is directed through filter 10 and an expansion valve 5 and a four-way valve 13 to the evaporator/heat container 3, where it change it state of aggregation receiving heat from the brine.
- the cooled brine flows to the water reservoir 11, where it is heated up.
- the water which gives up the heat of solidification freezes on the coil surface which, at a given moment, is placed in the water layer of the highest temperature.
- the gas medium flows from the evaporator/heat container 3 through the four-way valve 14 and steam drier/regenerative exchanger 4 to the compressor 1 which pumps it to the condenser 2, where it gives up the heat of condensation.
- the electronic fluid separator 7, through electronic valves 8, directs the intermediate fluid to a proper coil.
- the brine from the coil is directed to the evaporator 3 where it gives up the heat up to the moment where on the A1 coil a layer of ice not bigger than 15mm is created, next the brine is directed to the subsequent coil so that the subsequent coil becomes covered with ice, receiving heat during the ice creation, and at that time the iced coil is gradually defrosted.
- the coil again functions as a heat exchanger in the circulation system of the intermediate fluid. The number of coils with the brine running through depends on the heat load.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL403038A PL219940B1 (pl) | 2013-03-07 | 2013-03-07 | Wodna pompa ciepła i sposób optymalizacji pracy wodnej pompy ciepła |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2775234A2 true EP2775234A2 (fr) | 2014-09-10 |
Family
ID=49326625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13461550.9A Withdrawn EP2775234A2 (fr) | 2013-03-07 | 2013-10-02 | Pompe de chaleur a eau et le moyen de l'optimision de son fonctionnement |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2775234A2 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL219940B1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018199783A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-01 | Mar-Bud Społka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Dispositif de fabrication et de stockage de glace |
| CN108870795A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江陆博环境设备有限公司 | 一种能源塔热泵多源一体机 |
| CN109680699A (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-26 | 青岛理工大学 | 一种闭式海水源热泵系统干地施工方法 |
| CN109737640A (zh) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏河海新能源股份有限公司 | 一种水源热泵系统和制热方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114353384B (zh) * | 2021-12-18 | 2023-10-20 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | 空气源热泵机组及其控制方法和控制装置 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL209839A1 (pl) | 1978-09-22 | 1979-07-30 | Inst Avtomatiki Syst Energ | Uklad do automatycznej rezerwacji maszyny cyfrowej |
-
2013
- 2013-03-07 PL PL403038A patent/PL219940B1/pl unknown
- 2013-10-02 EP EP13461550.9A patent/EP2775234A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL209839A1 (pl) | 1978-09-22 | 1979-07-30 | Inst Avtomatiki Syst Energ | Uklad do automatycznej rezerwacji maszyny cyfrowej |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018199783A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-01 | Mar-Bud Społka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Dispositif de fabrication et de stockage de glace |
| CN108870795A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江陆博环境设备有限公司 | 一种能源塔热泵多源一体机 |
| CN109680699A (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-26 | 青岛理工大学 | 一种闭式海水源热泵系统干地施工方法 |
| CN109737640A (zh) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏河海新能源股份有限公司 | 一种水源热泵系统和制热方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL403038A1 (pl) | 2014-09-15 |
| PL219940B1 (pl) | 2015-08-31 |
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