EP2766521B1 - Textiles having a protective function against abrasion and contact heat - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to textile flat products that are abrasion-resistant and / or offer protection from contact heat and / or are cut-resistant, as well as methods for producing such textile flat products.

State of the art

For various applications, materials are preferably used that have a high level of abrasion resistance in order to avoid excessive wear and tear during normal use. Examples are functional clothing in the sport and leisure sector, and work and protective clothing. In the event of a fall, motorcycle clothing also needs a high level of abrasion resistance in order to avoid or reduce injuries. Leather is traditionally used for motorcycle clothing. There are also plastic-based materials that have high abrasion resistance. However, it is common to all of these materials that they have little or no breathability due to their stable construction. In addition, such materials are usually stiff.

Also known are materials that protect against contact heat, for example for work gloves, especially in the kitchen area. However, this requires a certain thickness of the material, which in turn leads to a stiffness of the material. When worn for long periods of time, such gloves also lead to the build-up of perspiration, which is uncomfortable.

Fabrics with high breathability, possibly combined with high water repellency, are now standard for high-quality functional clothing, for example rain jackets. An example of a correspondingly functionally equipped tissue is from, among others WO 2002/075038 known. Membrane-based systems are also known. Such functional textiles, however, neither have a high level of abrasion resistance, nor do they offer protection against contact heat

The WO200112889 discloses abrasion-resistant textiles. A polymer between 5 and 40 g / m ^{2 is} applied to the surface of the textile in order to increase the abrasion resistance.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide flat textile products which do not have the disadvantages mentioned above and others. In particular, such textile flat products according to the invention should at the same time have high abrasion resistance and high flexibility.

Another object of the invention is to provide flat textile products which are flexible and protect against contact heat.

Another object of the invention is to create flat textile products that are both cut-resistant and flexible.

Such textile flat products according to the invention should advantageously have a high level of breathability.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing such textile flat products according to the invention.

These and other objects are achieved by a textile flat product according to the invention and a method according to the invention for producing textile flat products according to the independent claims. Further preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

Presentation of the invention

The inventive principle of a textile planar product according to the invention is based on the fact that a large number of coating elements are applied to a carrier layer, which, however, do not significantly affect the pliability and flexibility of the carrier layer and any further layers that may be present. The coating elements are designed to be abrasion-resistant and are arranged in such a way that, in the event of sliding friction of the flat textile product on a rough surface, only the coating elements come into contact with the rough surface. The textile carrier layer itself is thus protected from abrasion.

Possible areas of application of such abrasion-resistant textile surfaces are sportswear, workwear and protective clothing, for example for motorcyclists and firefighters. Flat products according to the invention are particularly suitable for sportswear, since they can be designed to be breathable. For example, it is possible to produce lightweight, breathable clothing for cyclists that still does not rub through on the asphalt if the cyclist falls, and can thus protect the wearer from skin injuries. It is also advantageous to use it to protect very sensitive textiles or to protect exposed areas on items of clothing with constant friction, for example in the case of outdoor jackets in the area where the rucksack rubs.

With a suitable, low-heat-conducting configuration of the coating elements, a textile flat product according to the invention also protects against contact heat, since only the coating elements can come into direct contact with a hot surface. One possible area of application is, for example, work gloves.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the shape and arrangement of the coating elements, it is also possible to obtain textile flat products according to the invention that are cut-resistant. This is achieved in particular when there is no straight line that does not intersect any coating element on the carrier layer. A sharp edge, for example the blade of a knife, slides on the abrasion-resistant coating elements. Since it cannot come into contact with the underlying carrier layer, the blade cannot cut through the textile fabric.

A textile planar product according to the invention is characterized by a multiplicity of coating elements which are arranged on a surface of a textile carrier layer of the planar product in such a way that only part of the mentioned surface of the carrier layer is covered by the coating elements. The coating elements consist of a material that is essentially a mixture of a polymer material, preferably a prepolymer that can be crosslinked to form a thermoset, and a filler in the form of inorganic and / or metallic particles.

The coating elements are advantageously distributed over the carrier layer in such a way that the flexibility of the flat textile product with coating elements corresponds essentially to the flat textile product without coating elements.

The coating elements can, for example, be point-shaped or circular. An advantageous arrangement of coating elements includes, for example, staggered, circular coating elements with a diameter of approximately 4 mm, and a distance between the adjacent coating elements of approximately 2 mm.

The proportion of the coating elements on the entire surface of the carrier layer is advantageously between 30% and 70% in order to ensure flexibility and at the same time ensure abrasion resistance.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a textile flat product according to the invention, the coating elements are shaped and / or arranged on the carrier layer in such a way that there is no continuous straight line on the surface of the carrier layer which does not cross at least one coating element. As a result, the flat textile product is cut-resistant, since a sharp edge cannot reach the sensitive carrier layer.

The filler particles of the coating material are advantageously selected from a group consisting of glass, quartz, feldspar, aluminum oxide (corundum), hard metal, hard ceramic, rock powder, and mixtures thereof. Spherical filler particles, such as glass beads, ceramic beads, or chilled cast beads, are particularly advantageous. The filler particles should advantageously have a Mohs hardness of at least 5.

The proportion of filler in the coating material is preferably between 5 and 40% by volume. With a higher proportion, the adhesion and stability of the coating element decrease. If the proportion is lower, the abrasion resistance of the coating element decreases.

In the case of a flat product according to the invention, the coating elements are preferably made from a coating material which comprises a curable prepolymer. Epoxy resins, preferably liquid epoxy resins with a molar mass <700 g / mol, are particularly suitable.

The coating material can comprise a rheological additive which is suitable for imparting thixotropic properties to the as yet uncured coating material. Hydrophobic silica, for example, is particularly suitable.

In a particularly advantageous variant of a flat product according to the invention, this is breathable. For this purpose, the flat product can comprise a breathable membrane. However, other breathable textiles can also be used for flat products according to the invention. Since only part of the surface is covered with coating elements, there is enough surface for gas exchange.

The surface of the carrier layer and the coating elements can be provided with an additional coating.

In a method according to the invention for producing a textile flat product, a textile carrier layer and a coating material are provided. The coating material comprises a polymer material and a filler which contains inorganic and / or metallic particles. To form coating elements, a plurality of portions of the coating material is applied to a surface of the carrier layer, the portions of the coating material being arranged on the surface in such a way that the portions do not overlap and only part of the surface of the carrier layer is covered by the coating material. The coating material is fixed, whereby a multiplicity of solid coating elements are formed on the carrier layer.

The carrier layer is advantageously designed in such a way that a viscous coating material can at least partially flow into the fiber structure of the carrier layer.

In a particularly advantageous variant of the method according to the invention, the coating material penetrates partially into the fiber structure of the textile carrier layer after application to the surface of the carrier layer and before fixing, so that after fixing there is a form fit between the carrier layer and the coating material.

The surface of the carrier layer is preferably designed in such a way, for example by coating, that the contact angle in air between the surface and the coating material is greater than 60 °, preferably greater than 80 °. In this way, the portions of the viscous coating material do not flow on the surface of the carrier layer. As a further effect, the depth of penetration of the polymer in the coating material decreases, so that the polymer preferably does not penetrate the entire thickness of the carrier layer.

The polymer material of the coating material is advantageously a prepolymer which can be crosslinked to form a thermoset, in particular a curable epoxy resin prepolymer. Such can be cold-curing, hot-curing or UV-curing.

The large number of portions of the coating material can be applied to the surface of the carrier layer by means of stencil printing.

Brief description of the drawings

Figur 1

zeigt schematisch ein grundlegendes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen textilen Flächenprodukts, (a) in einem Querschnitt, und (b) in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.

Figur 2

zeigt einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen flexiblen Flächenprodukts mit zwei Schichten.

Figur 3

zeigt schematisch einen Detailquerschnitt durch ein einzelnes auf der ersten Trägerschicht angeordnetes Beschichtungselement, während eines Gleitreibungsvorgangs mit einer rauen Oberfläche.

Figur 4

zeigt schematisch Querschnitte von weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen erfindungsgemässer Flächenprodukte.

Figur 5

zeigt eine vorteilhafte Anordnung von Beschichtungselementen auf einem erfindungsgemässen Flächenprodukt, bei der keine durchgehende Schneidkante existiert.

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made below to the drawings. These only show exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention.

Figure 1

shows schematically a basic embodiment of a textile flat product according to the invention, (a) in a cross section, and (b) in a perspective view.

Figure 2

shows a schematic cross section through an embodiment of a flexible flat product according to the invention with two layers.

Figure 3

shows schematically a detailed cross section through a single coating element arranged on the first carrier layer, during a sliding friction process with a rough surface.

Figure 4

shows schematically cross-sections of further exemplary embodiments of flat products according to the invention.

Figure 5

shows an advantageous arrangement of coating elements on a flat product according to the invention, in which there is no continuous cutting edge.

Implementation of the invention

A basic example of a textile flat product 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG Figure 1 shown. A multiplicity of coating elements 2 is arranged on a carrier layer 11. In the present example, the carrier layer 11 is the only textile layer of the flat product 1. It can be designed as a woven fabric, knitted fabric or fleece. In any case, however, it is advantageous that the coating material to be applied in a viscous, uncured state can flow at least superficially into the structure of the carrier layer 11 in order to establish a positive connection of the coating elements after curing 2 to achieve with the carrier layer. The method for applying the coating elements will be discussed below.

In the illustrated embodiment of a flat product according to the invention, the coating elements 2 are designed as circular elevations arranged in a grid shape. However, other shapes and arrangements are also possible.

In another advantageous embodiment of a textile flat product 1 according to the invention, the first carrier layer 11 is designed to be comparatively thin and is arranged on a second layer 12, which can be thicker. Such a variant is, for example, in Figure 2 shown schematically.

The first layer 11 can be designed, for example, as a thin but stable, tear-resistant fabric. The cured coating elements 2 are arranged on a surface 111 of this carrier layer and connected to the fabric 11 in a form-fitting manner. This side of the carrier layer thus forms the outer surface / right side 10 of the textile flat product, which is protected against abrasion or contact heat.

The second layer can be designed, for example, as a knitted fabric or foamed polymer that has a certain thickness and thus acts as a cushioning layer. The two layers can be connected to one another by gluing or laminating, for example. The layers can be connected to one another before the application of the coating elements, or afterwards.

The mode of operation of a textile flat product according to the invention is for example in Figure 3 shown, as a schematic cross section through a carrier layer 11 with a single coating element 2. This has the shape of an elevation which protrudes over the surface 111 of the carrier layer.

When the still viscous, unfixed coating material is applied to the carrier layer, part of the polymer material penetrates into an upper layer of the textile structure of the carrier layer. In this area 23, the polymer material flows around the fiber structure of the carrier layer and, after curing, forms an extremely stable, form-fitting connection. Depending on the type of filler material and the carrier layer, some of the filler particles can optionally penetrate into the carrier structure. After the coating material has cured, the particles 22 of the filler material are fixed in a form-fitting manner in the polymer matrix 21 of the coating element.

If the outside of the textile flat product according to the invention now comes into contact with a rough, two-dimensional surface 43, in Figure 3 shown as an irregular edge that slides along the arrow over the surface of the coating element, due to the arrangement of the plurality of coating elements 2 on the carrier layer 11, essentially only the coating elements 2 can come into contact with this rough surface. The carrier layer, on the other hand, is spatially separated from the surface 43, so that the carrier layer cannot wear off.

A certain proportion of the hard, advantageously spherical particles 22 is partially exposed on the outer surface of the coating elements 2. In this way, the rough surface 43 mainly comes into contact with the rounded, hard surface of the particles. Since these particles are harder than the rough surface, there is little or no abrasion of the particles themselves. Only parts of the crosslinked polymer matrix that are exposed, if any, are abrasively removed, but in the process further hard, surface-near particles are automatically partially exposed. The result is an overall structure which has very high abrasion resistance.

In order to find an optimal, maximum abrasion resistance, a compromise has to be found with regard to the quantitative ratio between polymer matrix and filler particles. A higher proportion of polymer means an increased stability of the polymer matrix 21, and thus an increased fixation of the particles in the polymer matrix. More filler content increases the amount of abrasion-resistant particles on the surface, so that less polymer matrix is exposed. Optimal values naturally depend on the type of polymer and the type of filler.

In order to obtain a breathable flat product according to the invention, a breathable membrane can, for example, be arranged at a suitable location. Such a possible embodiment is shown schematically in FIG Figure 4 (a) shown. A breathable membrane 13 is arranged between the carrier layer 11 and the second layer 12.

Another embodiment of a textile flat product according to the invention is shown in FIG Figure 4 (b) shown, in which a further coating 14 is applied on the outside, which completely covers the carrier layer 11 and the coating elements 2 applied thereon. Such a coating can consist, for example, of a foamed, flexible polymer layer 14, for example of a polyurethane polymer, which is applied to the carrier layer 11 after the coating elements 2 have been applied and cured. In the example shown, the outside is additionally provided with a further textile layer 15.

Such an embodiment is advantageous, for example, when the coating elements should normally not be visible. One possible area of application is, for example, textiles for motorcyclists. Normally only the outer layer 15 is visible. In the event of a fall, the outer layers 15, 14 are removed very quickly by abrasion. However, the underlying coating elements 2 prevent further penetration. The wearer remains protected.

Another variant of a textile flat product according to the invention is shown in FIG Figure 4 (c) shown. In this embodiment, the carrier layer 11 is on both sides Coating elements 2, 2 'attached. A coating 14, 14 'is also applied to the carrier layer 11 and the coating elements on both sides. Such a textile flat product according to the invention offers the advantage that both sides can be used equally.

Due to the high abrasion resistance of the coating elements, textile flat products according to the invention are very suitable for the production of cut-resistant textiles. A sharp edge, for example of a knife, cannot penetrate the coating elements of a textile flat product according to the invention. If these coating elements are then applied to the carrier layer in a suitable form and in a suitable arrangement, so that there is no geometrical situation in which a straight line 42 does not intersect at least one coating element 2, the result is a cut-resistant textile flat product.

A possible example of such an arrangement of coating elements 2 is shown in FIG Figure 5 shown. A plurality of rectangular coating elements 2 are arranged alternately horizontally and vertically. A pattern results in which there is no straight line 42 which does not intersect any coating element 2. As a consequence of this, each sharp edge slides exclusively over the surface of the coating elements and does not come into contact with the carrier layer 11 in the spaces 112. The carrier layer or any further layers of the sheet product underneath cannot be cut through.

This in Figure 5 The pattern shown is only one of a large number of possible cut-resistant patterns. This can be optimized depending on the desired property. Basically, a higher number of coating elements leads to a greater cutting resistance, but also to an increasing rigidity of the flat textile product.

Coating material

The coating material for coating the carrier layer of the textile surface according to the invention with the coating elements essentially comprises a polymer material and a filler in the form of the hard particles which ensure the abrasion resistance of the coating elements. There are also other components that influence the properties of the coating material.

The main components of the coating material are the polymer material and the filler. The fixed, preferably thermosetting polymer must be able to hold the embedded fillers with sufficient strength so that they can absorb the high forces in use. The particles of the fillers, on the other hand, must have the highest possible compressive strength and hardness so that they are damaged as little as possible during use.

Thermosets have the particular advantage that they do not melt. The coating elements remain stable even with strong friction, since they do not melt in the frictional heat.

Liquid resin prepolymers are advantageously used as the polymer for the coating material, for example epoxy resins with a molar mass <700 g / mol. These can be cold-curing, hot-curing or UV-curing. When using liquid resins, for physical reasons, less cratering occurs and the formation of Benard cells is made impossible. In order to avoid pore formation in the interior of the material, which would have a negative effect on the mechanical stability of the fastening elements, the coating material should be as free of air as possible.

The liquid resin prepolymer is advantageously 100%, i.e. without solvent. This avoids the formation of pores by evaporating solvents and a slow drying phase before the start of the crosslinking reaction.

Materials with hard inorganic / mineral or metallic particles are suitable as fillers. Hard, spherical particles, such as those used, for example, for sandblasting, are particularly advantageous, especially since similar requirements are placed on the material here. For example, glass beads, ceramic beads and hard cast beads are suitable.

An advantage of spherical particles is the low abrasion of the particles lying on the surface of the coating elements, since their spherical surface has less interaction with other surfaces during sliding friction, so that less force is absorbed by an object rubbing over the coating elements on the particles. Another advantage of spherical filler particles over broken, angular filler particles is the peculiarity that spherical particles in dispersion have less of an influence on viscosity.

The optimum filler content depends on the type of filler itself and the polymer material as well as on the setting of the properties of the coating elements. For example, good results are achieved with 70% by weight of filler in the total mixture. With lower filler contents, the abrasion resistance decreases because more of the polymer matrix is exposed on the surface of the coating elements. With higher filler contents, the stability of the polymer matrix in which the particles are embedded decreases, which also leads to a decrease in abrasion resistance. In addition, the adhesion of the coating elements to the carrier layer of the textile flat product according to the invention decreases.

A pasty coating material is advantageous for coating the carrier layer with the coating elements. When making a paste, the resin prepolymer is presented. If necessary, additives such as wetting agents and dispersants are then added to make the coating material easier to manufacture. Optional additives such as dyes, additives to improve long-term stability (light stabilizers, radical scavengers, etc.), and additives for additional functions are then added with stirring. The fillers are then dispersed into the paste. The rheological additives are only added at the end so that the other components can be mixed more easily.

The rheological additives are used to adjust the viscosity of the coating material to a value suitable for the invention. Strongly thixotropic types are advantageously chosen as rheology additives in order to keep the flow resistance in the conveying lines low and at the same time to achieve high stability of the coating elements applied to the carrier layer. In this way, unwanted bleeding of the still uncured coating elements after application is avoided. In addition, the high viscosity of the static thixotropic paste in a mixture prepared in this way has a lower tendency to sedimentation.

The addition of hardeners is done differently depending on the type. In the case of the cold-curing hardener types, the addition takes place shortly before production, whereby the pot life must be taken into account. In the case of hot-curing hardener types, they can also be added to the resin as the first component. In the case of UV-curing mixtures, the UV initiator can also be added to the resin as the first component, but the paste should be strictly protected from exposure to light.

Suitable parameters for a pasty coating material are, for example, a viscosity of 80 to 200 dPa.s, a filler content of 30 to 70% by weight, and a grain size of the filler material between 15 and 1000 µm, preferably <150 µm. Bisphenol A resins and aliphatic epoxy resins are well suited as liquid resins.

Whether the coating material is cold-curing, hot-curing or UV-curing is not directly relevant to the invention, but must be geared to the specific design of the coating process.

The composition of the coating material should be chosen so that the shortest possible curing time is necessary and the lowest possible exothermicity occurs. The curing times should be in the range of normal finishing processes for textiles. Too high an exotherm during curing would lead to a strong local rise in temperature, which could damage the carrier layer.

The cured coating elements should also preferably have a high resistance to solvents, fuels, acids and alkalis.

Example recipes for the coating material

Some examples of recipes for the production of coating material compositions for flat products according to the invention and methods according to the invention are listed below.

Example 1: Cold curing

Proportion ( parts in relation to weight ) component Examples 1000 parts Synthetic resin Bisphenol A and / or F / epichlorohydrin resin (aromatic types), hexahydrophthalic acid resin (cycloaliphatic types) if necessary Additives for better manufacturability Wetting agents, deaerators, defoamers etc. if necessary Accessories for functional improvement Scratch resistance: e.g. through paraffin; UV absorbers: e.g. benzotriazole derivatives; Free radical scavengers: e.g. HALS compounds if necessary Additions for additional functions e.g. flame retardants such as expandable graphite; photoluminescent additives 15 parts dye e.g. soot, powdery pigments 600 parts Hard particles (filler) e.g. glass beads, ceramic beads, chilled cast beads 60 parts Rheology additive e.g. hydrophobic silica 270 parts Harder* e.g. cycloaliphatic amines * The hardener must be added before use, taking the pot life into account.

Example 2: hot curing

Proportion (parts in relation to weight) component Examples 1000 parts Synthetic resin Bisphenol A and / or F / epichlorohydrin resin (aromatic types), hexahydrophthalic acid resin (cycloaliphatic types) if necessary Additives for better manufacturability Wetting agents, deaerators, defoamers etc. if necessary Accessories for functional improvement Scratch resistance: e.g. through paraffin; UV absorbers: e.g. benzotriazole derivatives; Radical scavengers: e.g. HALS compounds if necessary Additions for additional functions e.g. flame retardants such as expandable graphite; photoluminescent additives 15 parts dye e.g. soot, powdery pigments 600 parts Hard particles (filler) e.g. glass beads, ceramic beads, chilled cast beads 30 parts Rheology additive e.g. hydrophobic silica 110 parts Harder Temperature-activated crosslinkers, e.g. dicyandiamide derivatives

Example 3: hot curing

Proportion (parts in relation to weight) component 1000 (Bis-A) Aromatic epoxy resin: "Epikote Resin 828LVEL" (Hexion Specialty Chemicals) 120 Temperature activated crosslinkers: triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) 30th Rheology additive: Hydrophobic silica "Aerosil R202" (Evonik Industries) 270 Hard particles (filler): high-grade corundum pink P220 16 Dye: Gas black "Spezialschwarz 4" (Degussa)

Example 4: hot-curing

Proportion (parts in relation to weight) component 1000 Cycloaliphatic epoxy resin: "Epikote Resin 760" (Hexion Specialty Chemicals) 120 Temperature-activated crosslinkers: dicyandiamide 30th Rheology additive: Hydrophobic silica "Aerosil R202" (Evonik Industries) 290 Hard particles (filler): high-grade corundum pink P220 16 Dye: Gas black "Spezialschwarz 4" (Degussa)

Example 5: UV curing

Proportion (parts in relation to weight) component Examples 1000 parts Synthetic resin Bisphenol A and / or F / epichlorohydrin resin (aromatic types), hexahydrophthalic acid resin (cycloaliphatic types) if necessary Additives for better manufacturability Wetting agents, deaerators, defoamers etc. if necessary Accessories for functional improvement Scratch resistance: e.g. through paraffin; UV absorbers: e.g. benzotriazole derivatives; Radical longer: e.g. HALS compounds if necessary Additions for additional functions e.g. flame retardants such as expandable graphite; photoluminescent additives 15 parts dye e.g. soot, powdery pigments 600 parts Hard particles (filler) e.g. glass beads, ceramic beads, chilled cast beads 30 parts Rheology additive e.g. hydrophobic silica 10 parts UV initiator Light-activated crosslinkers, e.g. triarylsulfonium salts

Application of the coating elements

The textile surface to be coated is advantageously at least temporarily hydrophobicized in order to prevent excessive sinking of the paste. This can be done, for example, by impregnation or a one-sided coating, for example with a fluorocarbon finish.

In order to apply the coating elements to the carrier layer, a stencil printing process is advantageously used, for example by means of rotary stencils or flat stencils. The wall thickness of the templates is advantageously between 0.5 and 4 mm. The printed area should be between 30 and 70% of the total area of the carrier layer. The higher the degree of coverage, the more the textile feel is influenced.

The stencils lie on the carrier layer to be coated, the paste is applied to the stencil and wiped off. The paste is removed from the stencil surface and remains in the openings. When the stencil is peeled off, the coating elements adhere to the carrier layer. Taking into account the stencil geometry and the type of carrier material, the paste viscosity and paste density of the coating material, the squeegee pressure and the distance to the substrate must be coordinated with one another.

The amount of coating material to be applied varies depending on the property to be achieved of the textile flat product according to the invention and is approximately 100 to 1500 g / m ² , preferably 100 to 600 g / m ² . The paste penetrates the surface of the textile before it hardens, and after hardening, the interlocking of the crosslinked polymer matrix with the structure of the carrier layer results in a very firm, mechanical anchoring of the coating elements on the carrier layer and thus a high level of adhesion.

In a first step, the coating elements are cured, that is, the crosslinking reaction of the thermoset prepolymer mixture is started. No drying is necessary as the paste preferably does not contain any solvents. The curing conditions must be adapted to the resin systems used. If temperature-activated crosslinkers are used or if a self-crosslinking binder system is involved, a certain reaction temperature must then be applied to the application of the coating elements can be achieved. The typical parameters are as follows: Cold-curing mixtures: 120-200 ° C; hot-curing mixtures: 150-200 ° C.

When using UV crosslinkers, the carrier layer with the coating elements is irradiated with UV light in order to start the crosslinking reaction. No temperature increase is necessary for curing, but thermal post-curing is possible at 150 to 200 ° C.

The coating elements must be cured under the above conditions at least to the extent that they no longer stick and have sufficient strength and that they cannot smear, smudge or otherwise be destroyed. The carrier layer can then be rolled up or stacked, or fed directly to further processing into the finished textile sheet product, for example by applying further layers.

The coating material can then be post-crosslinked, if necessary by a renewed temperature treatment. However, some of the resins used also react at room temperature until they have cured completely.

The specific embodiments disclosed are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various possible alterations and modifications will become apparent to the person skilled in the art from the preceding description and the drawings, in addition to the disclosed examples, which are also intended to fall under the scope of protection of the claims.

List of reference symbols

1

textile surface product

10

External surface of the surface product

11

first layer, carrier layer

12th

second layer

13th

breathable membrane

14, 14 '

Coating

15th

layer

111

surface

112

Space

2, 2 '

Coating element

21

Polymer matrix

22nd

Filler particles

23

Area of the positive connection

31

Outside

32

inside

42

Cut straight

43

rough surface

Claims (14)

1. Sheet-like textile product (1), characterized by a plurality of coating elements (2) which are arranged on a surface (111) of a textile support layer (11) of the sheet-like product in such a way that only part of the abovementioned surface of the support layer is covered by the coating elements, where the textile support layer has been hydrophobated, in particular impregnated, and where the coating elements consist of a material which is a mixture of a polymer material, preferably a prepolymer which can be crosslinked to give a thermoset, and a filler in the form of inorganic and/or metallic particles (22), wherein the proportion of the filler based on the coating material is between 5 and 40% by volume and where the particle size of the filler is between 15 and 1000 µm.
2. Sheet-like product according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating elements (2) are distributed over the support layer (11) in such a way that the sheet-like textile product (1) with coating elements has a flexibility which corresponds to the sheet-like textile product without coating elements.
3. Sheet-like product according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of the coating elements (2) based on the total surface (111) of the support layer (11) is between 30% and 70%.
4. Sheet-like product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating elements (2) are shaped and/or arranged on the support layer (11) in such a way that there is no continuous straight line (42) on the surface (111) of the support layer which does not traverse at least one coating element.
5. Sheet-like product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filler particles (22) are selected from a group consisting of glass, quartz, feldspar, aluminium oxide (corundum), cemented hard material, hard ceramic, ground rock, and mixtures thereof, wherein the filler particles (22) are preferably spherical and particularly preferably have a Mohs hardness of at least 5.
6. Sheet-like product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating elements (2) are made of a coating material which comprises a curable prepolymer, where the curable prepolymer is preferably an epoxy resin, particularly preferably a liquid epoxy resin having a molar mass of < 700 g/mol.
7. Sheet-like product according to claim 6, characterized in that the coating material comprises a rheological additive which is suitable for imparting thixotropic properties to the still uncured coating material, preferably a hydrophobic silica.
8. Sheet-like product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet-like product (1) is breathing-active and/or comprises a breathing-active membrane (13).
9. Sheet-like product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface (111) of the support layer (11) and the coating elements (2) are provided with a coating (14).
10. Process for producing a sheet-like textile product (1), wherein
    a textile support layer (11) is provided;
    the textile support layer is hydrophobated, in particular impregnated;
    a paste-like coating material comprising a polymer material and a filler containing inorganic and/or metallic particles (22) is provided, wherein the proportion of filler is from 30 to 70% by weight and wherein the particle size of the filler is between 15 and 1000 µm;
    a plurality of portions of the coating material are applied to a surface (111) of the support layer in order to form coating elements (2), wherein the portions of the coating material are arranged on the surface in such a way that the portions do not overlap, and only part of the surface of the support layer is covered by the coating material;
    the coating material is fixed so as to form a plurality of solid coating elements (2) on the support layer, and the support layer (11) is preferably configured in such a way that a viscous coating material can flow at least partially into the fibre structure of the support layer.
11. Process according to claim 10, characterized in that the coating material penetrates partially into the fibre structure of the textile support layer (11) after application to the surface (111) of the support layer (11) and before fixing, so that after fixing there is a form lock between the support layer and the coating material.
12. Process according to either of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the surface (111) of the support layer (11) is configured, for example by coating, such that the contact angle in air between surface and coating material is greater than 60°, preferably greater than 80°.
13. Process according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the polymer material of the coating material is a prepolymer which can be crosslinked to give a thermoset, in particular a curable epoxy resin prepolymer.
14. Process according to any of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the plurality of portions of the coating material are applied by means of template printing to the surface (111) of the support layer (11).

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