EP2743950B1 - Polarity-independent switching device for the transmission and disconnection of direct currents - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a polarity-independent switching device for guiding and separating high DC currents. The switching device comprises a gas-tight, electrically insulating housing, which can be filled with an insulating gas, at least one pair of contacts, which is arranged in the housing and having a fixed contact and a movable contact, wherein the two contacts in an on state of the switching device in Contact to each other and in an off state of the switching device are separated, an arc runner assembly which generates a magnetic field at least in the region of the contact pair, and a first arc guiding arrangement, by means of which an arc occurring between the contacts with a first current direction in the direction of a remote from the contacts arranged Deletion area is passed.

Such a switching device is for example from the US Pat. No. 5,680,084 known. The housing described therein is filled with a gas mixture comprising hydrogen. There are also known other switches in which one or more contact pairs are provided, which are operated in an air atmosphere. When opening such switches creates a switching arc between the contacts of a contact pair. In AC applications, this switching arc extinguishes between the contacts at the natural zero crossing of the current, thus causing a permanent interruption of the current flow. In particular, at higher currents is generated by means of a magnetic blowing field, either externally via a permanent magnet system or via a switch itself in the form of properly guided current paths generated own magnetic field, the switching arc expelled from the contacts and expands until it expires due to deionization and cooling. There are also known switches with extinguishing systems, for example in the form of so-called Deion chambers, in which by dividing the switching arc into several partial arcs with simultaneous cooling by chamber walls and quenching plates, a rapid increase in the arc voltage, so that it at the latest on reaching the driving voltage comes to extinction and thus to a permanent interruption of the electric current.

Depending on the energy content of the arc, this results in a different thermal load on the contact arrangement, combined with a certain burnup of contact material. The switching chamber walls and the extinguishing chambers are also subjected to thermal stress, which results in a limitation of the electrical life of the switching device. The load of the switching device during the switching process is particularly high in the case of high arc performance, especially in the absence or low mobility of the arc, resulting in a relatively high contact erosion and material changes of the switching chamber walls by locally high thermal loads result.

A high thermal load of the switching chambers occurs in particular at high direct currents, which in contrast to comparable alternating currents have no sinusoidal current profile with natural zero crossing and thus have after separation of the switching contacts a consistently high arc performance. To achieve the highest possible life expectancy of a switching device for DC applications, it is therefore essential to minimize the burning time of the switching arc by its rapid cooling and deionization of the switching path. In this case, a rapid increase in the burning voltage is achieved, which leads to the extinction of the arc when reaching the driving voltage.

In the arrangements known for extinguishing direct currents (DC currents), in which the switching arcs are driven via magnetic blowing fields in so-called deion chambers and extinguished there, flashbacks can frequently occur, in particular in the case of high-energy arcs. This occurs in a portion of the switching path, in which the arc no longer acts directly, whereby the electrical conductivity in this area by deionization of the surrounding air has already significantly reduced overall, to a renewed ignition by the arc, associated with a sudden break-in the arc voltage. Repeated flashbacks can significantly increase the overall arc burn time, which in turn increases the thermal load on the switchgear. Circuits with frequent flashbacks Therefore, result in a result, a reduced life expectancy of the switching device.
A very efficient arc quenching can be achieved if, instead of normal air as a switching environment, hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture in the form of a hermetically sealed housing of the switch is selected. It is known that hydrogen molecules cause a very efficient cooling and deionization of the switching path due to significantly higher particle velocity compared to air molecules. As a result, when switching in a hydrogen atmosphere on a free-burning arc, a multiple of the arc voltage achievable with the same switching arrangement in air can be achieved. In practice, this means that you can build a higher arc voltage over a targeted elongation of the switching arc, caused by a magnetic blower field, as by the division of the arc into several partial arcs in the form of a classic arc splitter.
Encapsulated hydrogen-filled switching devices can be found today in several products in the form of compact relays for currents up to several hundred amps realized. Above all, these products are designed to permanently carry currents of this magnitude in the form of very compact arrangements and typically to switch them several thousand times. With these compact switching chambers, however, the achievable switching numbers are limited at high switching capacities by a gradually decreasing insulation capacity of such arrangements.

document DE 691 11 334 T2 shows a hermetically sealed, bidirectional DC switching device with fork-shaped arcs, which extend in separate arc extinguishing chambers.

document EP 2463877 A1 describes a switch with a quenching chamber without gas-tight enclosure. The switch comprises two switching chambers. The switching chambers have a double breaker with two separate immovable contacts each having a first contact region and a movable electrically conductive contact piece with two second contact regions. An arc is driven in the direction of one of the extinguishing devices, depending on the field direction of a magnetic field and the current direction in the arc. To extinguish the arcs, the switching chambers arc arc bleaching, which extend in two opposite directions in each case from the first contact region and the corresponding second contact region to two arranged at the end of the arc guide plates extinguishing chambers.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to realize a switch, preferably for high direct currents, which, with comparatively compact dimensions, enables high electrical switching powers with high switching frequency and high total switching coefficient independently of polarity.

The object is achieved by a switching device according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The switching device according to the invention, which is suitable for DC operation, comprises a gas-tightly encapsulated, electrically insulating housing which can be filled with an insulating gas. In the housing is at least one pair of contacts with a fixed contact and a arranged movable contact, wherein the two contacts are separated in an on state of the switching device in contact with each other and in an off state of the switching device. Preferably, two such pairs of contacts are provided per pole to realize a double interruption.
At least in the region of the contact pair or contact pairs, an arc runner arrangement generates a magnetic field, in particular a substantially homogeneous magnetic field, which is also called a blow field and is suitable for driving one or more arcs. A first arc guide arrangement is provided for conducting an arc occurring between the contacts with a first current direction in the direction of an extinguishing region of the housing arranged remotely from the contacts. The extinguishing area is initially to be understood as an area within the housing which is sufficiently far away from the contacts in order to prevent damage to the latter due to the influence of the arcs. In the extinguishing area suitable additional measures for extinguishing the arc can be provided, which are described as preferred embodiments. According to the invention, a second arc guide arrangement is provided such that an arc occurring between the contacts is also conducted in the direction of the extinguishing area with a second current direction opposite to the first current direction.

The advantage here is that the two Lichtbogenleitanordnungen are designed such that the arc is directed independently of its current direction in the same direction, without the need for special insulating partitions would be required. Irrespective of the polarity of the arc, it can thus advantageously be rapidly driven into a region of the housing remote from the contacts, so that the contacts are subjected to less thermal stress. Since each arc is driven in the same direction regardless of the polarity, a correspondingly compact housing with advantageously low space requirements can be used. Preferably, a permanent magnetic field is generated by means of permanent magnets in order to provide a magnetic field in a simple manner and current-independent.

The first arc guide arrangement is designed such that an arc with a first current direction is deflected in a first direction of rotation and directed in the direction of the extinguishing area. The second arc guide arrangement is arranged such that an arc is deflected with a second current direction in a direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation and directed in the direction of the extinguishing area. This means that the arc is deflected independently of its current direction and is driven in the direction of the extinguishing area. In this case, the paths which the arc must cover until it reaches the extinguishing area are preferably the same size in order to ensure the same switching behavior of the switching device in both current directions.

It is envisaged that the fixed contact or the fixed contacts is / are connected to a housing bottom. As a result, a particularly robust switch can advantageously be realized, which is only made possible by the fact that arcs can be driven independently of polarity in such a way that they move away from the housing bottom with the fixed contacts. The housing bottom is therefore preferably arranged approximately opposite the extinguishing area, or the extinguishing area extends adjacent to a housing wall opposite the housing floor. This refers to a substantially cuboidal housing, but is analogous to any other housing forms transferable. Further preferably, the electrodes are guided through the housing bottom to the contacts.

In addition, it is provided that a switching piece is guided through a flexible gas seal through the housing bottom, wherein the movable contact is arranged on the switching piece and movable from outside the housing. Preferably, the contact piece is designed as a bridge switching piece, which carries two movable contacts. In a double interrupting executed switching device, two movable contacts are arranged on the bridge switching piece, wherein the bridge switching piece has an actuator which is guided via a flexible gas seal through the housing bottom.

In a multi-pole switching device is provided that two bridge switching pieces each have a movable gas seal through the housing bottom movable actuator, wherein a rigid connection axis between the actuators outside the housing is provided for synchronization. Alternatively, it can be provided in a multi-pole switching device that two bridge switching pieces are connected via a non-conductive switching bridge and have a common, movable via a flexible gas seal through the housing bottom actuator.

For protection against the action of arcing, provision is preferably made for the part of the flexible gas seal facing the bridge contact piece to be surrounded by a protective screen. The flexible gas seal is particularly preferably designed as a bellows, in particular of a stainless steel material.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the first arc guide arrangement has a first section for deflecting the arc by approximately 90 ° and a second section for guiding the arc substantially rectilinearly. In the previously described construction of the switching device with the fixed contacts arranged on the housing bottom, the arcs that arise between the fixed contacts and the movable contacts are initially aligned approximately in a direction normal to the housing bottom. By a bent first portion of the arc guide assembly, which lies in a plane which is aligned at right angles to the housing bottom, so that the magnetic field lines of the blower field also perpendicular to the plane, the arc can be rotated. After a rotation of about 90 °, the arcs are approximately parallel to the housing bottom, so that they can be moved in a straight line from here in the second section. Thus, the entire arc, or both bases of the arc substantially simultaneously reaches the extinguishing area. Preferably, each arc is extended along the arc guide assembly by increasing the distance of the base points. In particular, the second portion of the first arc guide assembly is designed such that the arc becomes longer toward the extinguishing region, whereby the alignment of the arc is maintained parallel to the housing bottom.

For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the first arc guide assembly comprises an outer baffle and an inner baffle, wherein the outer baffle extends from the fixed contact and the inner baffle extending from the movable contact. In the second section, the outer baffle preferably extends substantially parallel to the side walls of the housing. The inner baffle extends in the second section particularly preferably such that the distance to the outer baffle increases in the direction of the extinguishing area. Further preferably, the second arc guide is designed mirror-symmetrically to the first arc guide.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the outer baffles of the first and second arc guide together with a contact carrier form a U-shape, wherein the contact carrier forms a web of the U-shape and wherein the fixed contact inside, based on the U-shape , is located in the area of the bridge. In this case, the web of the U-shape in particular has a thickening directed towards the interior of the U-shape, on which the fixed contact is arranged.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the inner baffles of the first and second arc guide assembly together form a shape that corresponds to the contour of an onion shape.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a stepless transition from the respective contact to the baffle is provided. For this purpose, the edge regions of the contacts in particular have a chamfer. This allows a faster, harmonious transition of the arc root from the contact surfaces to the rails, as a result, advantageously a material erosion is minimized by the arcs.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that a quenching device with a plurality of electrically insulating, mutually parallel extinguishing plates in the region of the extinguishing area is provided per arc guide. The extinguishing devices are preferably shaped such that the arc is widened meandering. For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the extinguishing plates protrude differently far on an inlet side of the extinguishing devices. Additionally or alternatively, alternately shorter and longer extinguishing plates are preferably provided. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the extinguishing plates each have a notch on an inlet side of the extinguishing devices, which are formed asymmetrically and / or arranged eccentrically. In particular, this results from the fact that the notches of all extinguishing plates form a groove with an odd course.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the insulating gas is hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture.

Figur 1

einen perspektivischen Querschnitt durch ein Schaltgerät gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Schaltanordnung des Schaltgeräts gemäß Figur 1 ohne Gehäuse;

Figur 3

eine Seitenansicht der Schaltanordnung gemäß Figur 2 in einem Längsschnitt;

Figur 4

eine Seitenansicht einer Löscheinrichtung des Schaltgeräts gemäß Figur 1;

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Löscheinrichtung des Schaltgeräts gemäß Figur 4;

Figur 6

einen perspektivischen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßes Schaltgeräts;

Figur 7

einen Querschnitt des Schaltgeräts gemäß Figur 6 in einer Seitenansicht.

Preferred embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Herein show:

FIG. 1

a perspective cross section through a switching device according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2

a perspective view of the switching arrangement of the switching device according to FIG. 1 without housing;

FIG. 3

a side view of the switching arrangement according to FIG. 2 in a longitudinal section;

FIG. 4

a side view of a deletion device of the switching device according to FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 5

a perspective view of the extinguishing device of the switching device according to FIG. 4 ;

FIG. 6

a perspective cross section through a further embodiment of the inventive switching device;

FIG. 7

a cross section of the switching device according to FIG. 6 in a side view.

The FIGS. 1 to 3 show the switching device according to the invention in various representations, wherein in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3 a housing 3 of the switching device for the sake of clarity is not shown. The FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described together below. The switching device according to the invention, suitable for DC operation, comprises a gas-tight, electrically insulating housing 3 which can be filled with an insulating gas (not shown). In the housing 3, at least one pair of contacts 15, 21 is arranged with a fixed contact 15 and a movable contact 21, wherein the two contacts 15, 21 are separated in an on state of the switching device in contact with each other and in an off state of the switching device. Preferably, two such contact pairs 15, 21, 15 ', 21' are provided per pole 14 in order to realize a double interruption. An arc runner assembly 81, 82 generates at least in the region of Contact pair 15, 21 and the contact pairs 15, 21, 15 ', 21', a magnetic field, in particular a substantially homogeneous magnetic field, which is also referred to as blow field and is suitable for driving one or more arcs. A first arc guide arrangement 41, 42 is provided to conduct an arc occurring between the contacts 15, 21 with a first current direction in the direction of an extinguishing region 31 of the housing 3 arranged away from the contacts. The extinguishing area 31 is to be understood as an area within the housing 3 which is sufficiently far away from the contacts 15, 21 in order to prevent damage to the latter due to the influence of the arcs. In the extinguishing area further measures for extinguishing the arc are provided in the embodiment shown, which will be described in more detail. According to the invention, a second arc guide arrangement 41 ', 42' is provided such that an arc occurring between the contacts 15, 21 is likewise conducted in the direction of the extinguishing area 31 with a second current direction opposite to the first current direction. The fixed contact 15 is connected to a housing bottom 30, which is arranged approximately opposite the extinguishing region 31. Preferably, the erase area 31 is adjacent to a housing wall 33, which is opposite to the housing bottom 30. Side walls 32 may be formed integrally with the housing wall 33.

The contact apparatus consists in the embodiment shown of a double breaker arrangement with two identical contacts 15, 15 ', and a movable contact piece 20 with two movable contacts 21, 21'. The fixed contacts 15, 15 'are designed in such a way that they consist of a contact carrier 11 and a contact plate, which are preferably connected via a flat solder connection. From the contact carrier 11 from each two metal strips extend as outer Lichtbogenleitbleche 41 made of copper or other, erosion-resistant metal, in opposite directions, in the way that, starting from the contact carrier 11 initially ramped in the direction of the base plate 30 to subsequently gradually parallel towards the in FIG. 3 leaked longitudinal axis L shown. This arrangement, which thereby has the shape of a centrally inwardly dented "U", at the web 17 is in the middle of the fixed contact 15, has the function of an arc rail 41 for the on the fixed contacts 15 when opening the contact bridge 20 under electrical load resulting arc base points.

The contact carriers 11 each pass into electrodes 18, preferably in the form of cylindrical connecting pins 18, wherein the connecting pins 18 are fixedly connected to the base plate 30 of the hermetically sealed switching chamber 3 preferably via a solder connection in such a way that they are electrically insulated from one another. The electrical insulation is realized in that the base plate 30 made of an insulating material, preferably made of ceramic. The cylindrical connecting pins 18 serve to connect the two power supply lines 14.

In order to achieve the fastest possible migration of the switching arc from the contact pairs 15, 21, 15 ', 21' under the action of a magnetic blow field, which will be described in more detail below, the lateral surfaces 16 of the contacts 15 are in the direction of the arc runners 41, 41 be chamfered or chamfered in such a way that a smooth transition from the contact 15, 21, 15 ', 21' to the rails 41, 42, 41 ', 42' takes place, resulting in a fast, low-Abbrandern the switching arc of the contacts 15, 21, 15 ', 21' favors. The U-shaped arc runner assemblies 41, 41 'of the two fixed contacts 15, 15' are arranged parallel to each other. The electrical connection of the two fixed contacts 15, 15 'via the bridge contact piece 20, consisting of a support member, each having a movable contact 21, 21' at the two ends, which are preferably fixedly connected by flat solder joints with the support member. For actuating the bridge switching piece 20, this is firmly connected in its center with a cylindrical switching axis as an actuator 22, which consists at least partially of insulating material and in the direction of the double arrow P along the axis L is movable. The mobility of the bridge switching piece 20 in the interior of the gas-tight switching chamber 3 is ensured by a bellows 24, preferably made of stainless steel, which is preferably located in the interior of the switching chamber 3 and one end face with the base plate 30 and the other end face with a connection plate 23, which is firmly connected to the bridge contact piece 20, in each case connected in a gastight manner via a circumferential solder connection. To protect the thin-walled bellows 24 against the action of individual stray arcs of the Brückenschaltstück 20 facing part of the bellows 24 is surrounded by a protective shield 26 of preferably metallic material concentrically. In this case, the protective screen 26 is preferably connected to the connection plate 23 of the bridge contact piece 20 by means of a solder connection. For the derivation and management of the bridge side Base points of the resulting when opening the switch contacts 15, 21 under load two partial arcs go in analogy to the fixed contacts 15, 15 'of each bridge contact 21,21' each two Lichtbogenleitbleche 42, 42 'in the form of metal strips of copper or a burn-off metal opposite directions, in such a way that, starting from the respective bridge switching contact 21, 21 'initially obliquely toward the back of the contact to the outside, then again obliquely inward until finally both ends terminate parallel to each other. The shape of the switching bridge-side arc runners 42, 42 'thus described has approximately the contour of an onion in profile. The bridge-side rails 42, 42 'are in this case arranged with the festkontaktseitigen rails 41, 41' each in a plane in such a way that each belonging to a contact pair 15, 21 rails 41, 42 extend in a plane, the two planes the contact pairs in turn are parallel to each other. In this way, a steadily diverging track arrangement is formed, with the aid of which an arc which moves away from a contact pair 15, 21 under the influence of a magnetic blow field continuously widens, the arc voltage continuously increasing. In an atmosphere of hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture is achieved by the expansion of the arc to a multiple times higher arc voltage, so that in this way a very efficient extinguishing of the arc is made possible. In the same way as in the fixed contact arrangement 15, 15 'can be in the movable contacts 21, 21' by a bevel of the lateral surfaces 16 of the contacts 21, 21 'in the direction of the arc runners 42, 42' achieve a continuous transition, which a fast, low-combustion migration of the switching arc of the contacts 21, 21 'favors.

The in the FIGS. 1 to 3 described switching chamber has a mirror-symmetrical structure, in such a way that the opening of the two pairs of contacts 15, 21, 15 ', 21' resulting partial arcs on the there acting homogeneous magnetic field regardless of the current flow direction always away from the contacts, each along one of the both diametrically opposite track arrangements 41, 42, 41 ', 42' are moved away with continuous expansion until the arcs meet the meandering chamber 50 located at the end of the diverging track pair, where they are further elongated due to their geometry and extinguished at the latest there, which will be discussed in more detail. To quickly move and delete the When opening the contacts 15, 21, 15 ', 21' resulting switching arcs is the switching chamber - at least the directly affected by the arc part - in a substantially homogeneous magnetic field. Most conveniently used for this, as in the Figures 2 and 3 shown, a plate-shaped pair of permanent magnets 81, 82, which are arranged in correct magnetic polarity parallel to each other, in such a way that the field lines are substantially perpendicular to the planes of the arc runners 41, 42, 41 ', 42' spanned. Alternatively, a ferromagnetic arrangement of parallel pole plates can be used to produce a homogeneous permanent magnetic field, which are connected to one or more permanent magnets of sufficient field strength in a suitable manner. In principle, a permanent magnetic arrangement can be located both inside and outside the encapsulated switching chamber 3. To realize a compact and inexpensive as possible switching chamber, however, it is expedient to arrange the permanent magnet assembly outside of the switching chamber.

For further elongation of the arc this is under the influence of a permanent magnetic blowing field finally in a so-called. Mäanderkammer driven as extinguishing device 50, the below with reference to the FIGS. 4 and 5 is described. The meandering chamber 50 in this case consists of a stacking arrangement of plates 71, 72, 73, 74 made of an erosion-resistant insulating material, preferably ceramic, which are fixed in a manner analogous to the deion-quenching chambers frequently used in air at a defined distance from each other in a frame, which also consists of insulating material. In an advantageous embodiment of a meandering chamber 50 run, as in FIG. 4 shown, the switching arc facing the leading edges of this stack assembly not along a straight line, but the end faces of each adjacent plates 71, 72, 73, 74 are offset from each other in the direction of the arc front. Alternatively, the stack arrangement can also consist of plates of different lengths, in such a way that here also on a shorter plate in each case a longer plate follows and vice versa, so that the end faces of adjacent plates in the direction of the arc front are offset from each other. Unlike a Deionkammer in which the switching arc divides into a plurality of individual partial arcs whose arc length corresponds to the clear distance between adjacent quenching plates, wherein the total arc voltage generated in the Deionkammer as the sum of the voltages of all Partial arcs, the arc is not divided when entering a meandering chamber, but selectively extended by nestling to the individual chamber plates 71, 72, 73, 74 and by the blasfeldbedingte bulge in the space between the plates. With a stepped in the direction of the arc front plate assembly of the form just described an additional elongation of the arc is thus achieved. A further reinforcement of the arc bulge can be, as in FIG. 5 shown by an asymmetrical notch of the meandering plates 71, 72, 73, 74 on the arc front side facing achieve, with the notches 71 ', 72', 73 ', 74' of adjacent plates 71, 72, 73, 74 always offset from each other are arranged. As a result, the bulge of the switching arc brought about by the diverging arc runner arrangement 41, 42 and the plates arcuately offset from one another in the arc running direction is further increased, resulting in a switching chamber atmosphere of hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture efficient method for increasing the arc voltage and thus to the fastest possible deletion of the switching arc represents.

The previously described embodiments of a gas-encapsulated switching device related to polarity-independent, single-pole arrangements. With the same basic structure can also be implemented two- or multi-pole switching arrangements, as described below with reference to the FIGS. 6 and 7 is explained in more detail. This can be done in such a way that the switching assemblies 1, 2 of the individual poles 14, 14 'are housed in the same gas-encapsulated switching chamber 3, wherein the switching assemblies 1, 2 of the individual poles either suitably mounted bulkheads or by sufficiently large distances selected Arc action of the adjacent poles are protected. The movement of the individual bridge contact pieces 20, 20 'can be synchronized in two ways: either the bridge contact pieces 20, 20' are in a common switching bridge made of insulating material (not shown), which in the same way as for the unipolar design already described above common, gas-tight bellows from outside the switching chamber is movable. In the second variant has, as in the FIGS. 6 and 7 shown, each pole has its own movable switching axis 22, 22 ', which is in each case sealed with a bellows 24, 24' gas-tight against the switching chamber 3. The synchronization of the two switching axes 22, 22 'takes place from outside the Switching chamber 3 via a rigid, movable in the direction of the double arrow P connection axis 90 between the switching axes. A multi-pole design can also be carried out in such a way that the switching arrangements for each pole are housed in separate, hermetically sealed chambers (not shown), wherein for the switching bridges of each pole a separate bellows-sealed linear feedthrough exists whose synchronization again in the just described Way done via a rigid connection axis.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 2

switching equipment

3

casing

11

switching piece

14, 14 '

Pole, connections

15, 15 '

Fixed contacts

16

Lateral surfaces, chamfer

17

web

18

electrodes

20, 20 '

Contact pieces, bridge contact pieces, jumpers

21, 21 '

Movable contacts

22, 22 '

actuator

23

connecting plate

24, 24 '

Flexible gas seals, bellows

26

shielding

30

baseplate

31

extinguishing area

32

Side wall

33

housing wall

41

Outer baffle of the first arc guide

41 '

Outer baffle of the second arc guide assembly

42

Inner baffle of the first arc guide

42 '

Inner baffle of the second arc guide assembly

50

extinguishing device

71, 72, 73, 74

extinguishing plates

81, 82

permanent magnets

90

connection

P, L

Double arrow, longitudinal direction

Claims (8)

1. Switching device, suitable for direct current operation, comprising

   - a gas-tight encapsulated, electrically insulating housing (3) which is able to be filled with an insulation gas,

   - at least one contact pair (15, 21) which is arranged in the housing (3) and which has a fixed contact (15) and a moving contact (21), wherein the two contacts (15, 21) are in contact with each other in a switched-on state of the switching device and are separated in a switched-off state of the switching device,

   - an arc driver arrangement (81, 82) which generates a magnetic field at least in the region of the contact pair (15, 21), as well as

   - a first arc guiding arrangement (41, 42), by means of which an arc occurring between the contacts (15, 21) having a first current direction is guided in the direction of an extinguishing region (31) of the housing (3) arranged at a distance from the contacts,

   wherein in the case of a switching device implemented with a double break, two moving contacts (21, 21') are arranged on a bridge switching element (20) and the bridge switching element has an actuator (22), and wherein
   a second arc guiding arrangement (41', 42') is provided in such a way that an arc occurring between the contacts (15, 21) having a second current direction opposed to the first current direction is guided in the direction of the extinguishing region (31), characterised in that the fixed contact (15) is connected to a housing base (30), wherein the housing base is arranged opposite the extinguishing region (31); and the actuator (22) is guided through the housing base (30) via a flexible gas seal (24).
2. Switching device according to Claim 1, characterised in that, in the case of a switching device implemented with multiple poles, two bridge switching elements (20, 20') have an actuator (22, 22') respectively, which is able to move through the housing base (30) via a flexible gas seal (24, 24'), wherein for synchronisation, a rigid connection axis (90) is provided outside the housing (3) between the actuators.
3. Switching device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first arc guiding arrangement (42, 41) has a first section for the deflection of the arc by approximately 90° and a second section for the substantially straight guiding of the arc.
4. Switching device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer baffles (41, 41') of the first and second arc guiding arrangement form a U-shape together with a contact carrier (11), wherein the contact carrier (11) forms a bar (17) of the U-shape and wherein the fixed contact (15) is arranged inside in the region of the bar.
5. Switching device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner baffles (42, 42') of the first and second arc guiding arrangement together form a shape which corresponds to the contour of a bulb shape.
6. Switching device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a step-free transition from the respective contact (15, 21) to the baffle of the arc guiding arrangement (41, 42) is provided.
7. Switching device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an extinguishing device (50) having a plurality of electrically insulating, extinguishing plates (71, 72, 73, 74), which are arranged in parallel to one another in the region of the extinguishing region (31), is provided per arc guiding arrangement (41, 42, 41', 42').
8. Switching device according to Claim 7, characterised in that the extinguishing devices (50) are formed in such a way that the arc is widened in a meandering manner.

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