EP2618684A1 - Salt composition - Google Patents
Salt compositionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2618684A1 EP2618684A1 EP11763899.9A EP11763899A EP2618684A1 EP 2618684 A1 EP2618684 A1 EP 2618684A1 EP 11763899 A EP11763899 A EP 11763899A EP 2618684 A1 EP2618684 A1 EP 2618684A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- salt
- sodium
- carbonate
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ZBZJARSYCHAEND-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dihydrogen phosphate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O ZBZJARSYCHAEND-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZQKXOSJYJMDROL-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminum;trisodium;diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZQKXOSJYJMDROL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RBLGLDWTCZMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate dihydrate Substances O.O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RBLGLDWTCZMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000182 glucono-delta-lactone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000016337 monopotassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M potassium bitartrate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004132 Calcium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940118662 aluminum carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- FJPWFOXSXUFQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O FJPWFOXSXUFQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RIVXQHNOKLXDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O RIVXQHNOKLXDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium diphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019827 calcium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940043256 calcium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019821 dicalcium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J dimagnesium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC([O-])=O CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002370 magnesium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000014824 magnesium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000022 magnesium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940086065 potassium hydrogentartrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012434 pretzels Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014594 pastries Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 monocalcium phosphate anhydride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015173 baked goods and baking mixes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical class [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002864 food coloring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- GJPYYNMJTJNYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GJPYYNMJTJNYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019820 disodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N n-[(2r,3r)-1,3-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl]tetracosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000021189 garnishes Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015598 salt intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019636 bitter flavor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012180 bread and bread product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007973 cyanuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWHXWYVOWJCXSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;hydrate Chemical class O.OP(O)(O)=O TWHXWYVOWJCXSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003531 protein hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019643 salty taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-IGMARMGPSA-N sodium-23 atom Chemical compound [23Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/40—Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
- A23P10/20—Agglomerating; Granulating; Tabletting
- A23P10/28—Tabletting; Making food bars by compression of a dry powdered mixture
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a salt substitute which is in particular granular, crystalline or powdery and can be used as decorative salt or dry salt substitute.
- the invention further relates to the use of the salt substitute and its preparation.
- salt substitutes which want to replace the salt functionally, deviate noticeably in taste from the common salt.
- a salt substitute in the context of the present application, this refers to a substance or composition of matter which either contains no sodium or, as will usually be the case, a substantially reduced sodium content compared to pure saline or rock salt and yet one Substitute salt or rock salt for one or more of the above three functions or effects of the salt, namely taste, functionality and preservation.
- Most salt substitutes have a reduced NaCl content, which is replaced by a proportion of other substances.
- the NaCl content is at least partially replaced by a proportion of KCl, which, however, is flavored as tasting metallic or bitter tasting.
- This variation in taste limits the use of such salt substitutes as pure salts, e.g. as decorative salt, a. You need a food matrix that covers the flavor deviation and acts as a solvent medium.
- salt substitutes to replace the salt or rock salt especially taste and less functional. These are, for example, systems based on yeast extract or other protein hydrolysates. Exemplary compositions are described in WO 2007/132123. These salt substitutes can not be used as table salt or decorative salt because they are not white and do not have the appropriate grain size. Another approach to salt reduction is special mineral salts, which have a reduced NaCl content, which is replaced by a high content of contained minerals and other impurities. Further examples of salt substitutes are disclosed in WO-A-2007/118566, EP-A-2 030 513 and US-A-4,938,980. One form of salt application are the salts that are added to foods dry and moistened in the mouth, referred to herein as dry salts.
- these salts also serve decorative purposes and are known under the designations decorative salt, pretzel salt, hail salt or coarse salt.
- Decoration salts are used on salty pastries such as pretzels, pretzels, pretzel sticks and snacks.
- the grain sizes of decorative salts typically have an edge length of 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
- a finer grain size of 0.5 mm to 1.6 mm is mainly used for sprinkling long-life baked goods.
- For sprinkling lye pastries, such as pretzels grain sizes with an edge length of 1 mm to 3 mm are used.
- Commercially available decoration salts consist either of compacted evaporated salt from the corresponding fraction of rock salts.
- the dry salts are used.
- the sodium reduction of these dry salts, especially decorative salts, is a particular challenge in the production of salt substitutes because they are said to be white like saline or rock salt and visually have a coarse structure. Also important is the chewing impression.
- the granular salt substitute should not crumble when chewing, but crumble with a crack.
- the biggest difficulty is the creation of a salt-typical taste of the salt substitutes. Since decor salt and other dry salts usually come into direct contact with the tongue, the taste should be salt-typical pure, deviations are not covered by a surrounding food matrix.
- Previously available salt substitutes do not offer the appearance of hail salt or have sensory discrepancies.
- the object of the present invention was to provide a salt substitute having properties which are better in terms of taste and functionality than known salt substitutes, which in particular have a white appearance, taste and mouth feel and chewing impression very close to the common salt or rock salt and at the same time one opposite Saline or rock salt significantly reduced proportion of sodium.
- the invention provides a salt substitute, in particular granular, crystalline or powdered, and preferably for use as decor salt or salt substitute, comprising 30 to 90% by weight of sodium chloride, 10 to 70% by weight of a combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier and also contains up to 20% by weight of other additives, the carbon dioxide carrier being selected from carbonates, bicarbonates and carbamates of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, aluminum, transition metals and / or ammonium and mixtures thereof.
- the salt substitute according to the invention may also contain from 30 to 90% by weight of a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1, the content of potassium chloride preferably being selected as follows, that the salt substitute does not receive the metallic or bitter flavor typical of potassium chloride.
- the taste-acceptable proportion of potassium chloride will also depend on the particular application of the salt substitute.
- the ratio of carbon dioxide carriers to acid carriers suitably corresponds to the neutralization value of the carbon dioxide carriers and acid carriers used +/- 25%, preferably +/- 15%.
- the neutralization value indicates how much acid carrier is needed to neutralize a particular carbon dioxide carrier. It is obtained by dividing the amount of carbon dioxide carrier by the amount of acid carrier needed for the neutralization of the carbon dioxide carrier and multiplying the quotient obtained by 100.
- a composition according to the invention having a considerably reduced sodium chloride content is felt to be just as or at least almost as salty as pure sodium chloride. Furthermore, it was surprising that it is possible to use the salt substitute according to the invention to produce granules or granules by compacting which produce a mouthfeel and a chewing impression, such as coarse decorative salt. These grains or granules also survive a conventional baking process with no visible change. Furthermore, the salt substitute according to the invention can be prepared in a white appearance, so that it also visually corresponds to the common salt or rock salt or at least comes very close. At the same time, the salt substitute according to the invention has a content of sodium chloride of only 30 to 90% by weight and thus a sodium fraction which is greatly reduced in comparison with common salt or rock salt.
- the salt substitute according to the invention even contains only 35 to 80% by weight of sodium chloride, preferably 40 to 70% by weight of sodium chloride, particularly preferably 45 to 60% by weight of sodium chloride. In a most preferred embodiment, the salt substitute according to the invention contains about 50% by weight of sodium chloride. If the description or claims mentions the content of sodium chloride in the salt substitute according to the invention, this should accordingly also include embodiments with a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in the weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1 instead of sodium chloride. With consistent use of the salt substitute according to the invention can thus be saved up to half and more of the otherwise consumed by conventional salt amount of sodium chloride, thus contributing to the prevention of the known unhealthy consequences.
- the at least one carbon dioxide carrier of the salt substitute according to the invention is preferably selected from sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 3 ), potassium carbonate (potash), potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHC0 3 ), magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogencarbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogencarbonate,
- Ammonium bicarbonate ammonium carbamate, staghorn salt and mixtures of the foregoing.
- Particularly preferred is the carbon dioxide carrier sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 3 ) or potassium bicarbonate (KHC0 3 ).
- the at least one acid carrier of the salt substitute according to the invention is preferably selected from phosphates, condensed phosphates, phosphonates, phosphites, mixed hydroxide phosphates, sulfates and cyanurates and organic acids.
- Particularly suitable acid carriers of the salt substitute according to the invention are selected from acidic sodium pyrophosphate (SAPP), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), monocalcium phosphate anhydride (AMCP), all other hydrates of monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), all other hydrates of dicalcium phosphate, Sodium Aluminum Sulfate (SAS), Sodium Aluminum Phosphate (SALP), Calcium Magnesium Aluminum Phosphate, Calcium Polyphosphate, Calcium Pyrophosphate, Magnesium Polyphosphate, Magnesium Pyrophosphate, Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate, Citric Acid, Fumaric Acid, Aspartic Acid, Tartaric Acid, Tartaric Acid (Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate), Glucono delta-lactone (GDL), sodium hydrogen citrate, lactic acid and mixtures of the foregoing.
- SAPP acidic sodium pyrophosphate
- MCPM monocalcium phosphate monohydrate
- the acid carrier is monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM).
- the carbon dioxide carrier is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) and the acid carrier is monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM).
- a particularly suitable salt substitute according to the invention contains, for example, 50% by weight of sodium chloride, 27% by weight of sodium bicarbonate and 23% by weight of monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM).
- the salt substitute according to the invention expediently contains 20 to 65% by weight of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier.
- the salt substitute according to the invention contains from 30 to 60 wt .-% or 40 to 55 wt .-% of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least an acid carrier.
- An amount of about 50% by weight of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier is particularly preferred.
- the salt substitute according to the invention can consist exclusively of sodium chloride or a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride, carbon dioxide carrier and acid carrier. However, it may also contain up to 20% by weight of further additives preferably selected from binders, adhesives, grouts, flow aids, dyes, food colors, fillers, maltodextrin, flavorings, herbs, herbal substitutes, release agents to prevent or delay a reaction between Carbon dioxide carriers and acid carriers, corn starch, corn starch, rice starch, wheat starch, modified flours, silicas, fumed silica, hydrophobic silica, hydrophilic silica, tricalcium phosphates, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, silanes, fats and mixtures, and combinations of the foregoing.
- further additives preferably selected from binders, adhesives, grouts, flow aids, dyes, food colors, fillers, maltodextrin, flavorings, herbs, herbal substitutes, release agents to prevent or delay a reaction between
- the additives can impart various properties to the salt substitute, which can either contribute to the flavor or functional approximation of the salt substitute to "real" salt or can impart special properties to the salt substitute which are absent even with pure table salt or rock salt.
- dyes may be added to produce a colorful decoration salt.
- the salt substitute according to the invention can be prepared in any conventional form for salt, such as granular, crystalline, powdery or in coarse pieces or blocks.
- the salt substitute according to the invention is preferably present in granulated or granular form. So it is pourable and can be used in the salt shaker or in coarse grain as decor salt.
- the invention also includes the use of the salt substitute according to the invention described herein as a salt substitute or decorative salt on bakery products, pastries, snacks, yeast pastries and pretzels.
- the invention also comprises the preparation of the salt substitute according to the invention described herein, wherein the components of the composition are first mixed and then ground or first ground and then mixed and then pressed into grains. Further advantages, features and embodiments of the present invention are explained by the examples described below.
- a salt substitute according to the invention from 50 wt .-% (5 kg) of sodium chloride, 22 wt .-% (2.2 kg) of sodium bicarbonate and 28 wt .-% (2.8 kg) calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the coarser components were initially sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate are ground in a hammer mill and then mixed with the already slightly finer calcium dihydrogen phosphate in a laboratory mixer. Subsequently, the mixture was compacted on a compactor Hosokawa CS 25 and pressed into slugs. The preset press force was 9.5 N / mm 2 and immediately provided mechanically stable slugs.
- the slugs were then crushed in a sieve mill and screened at a mesh size of 2 mm and 1 mm.
- the rotor rotates at approx. 1 - 3 m / s and the material is gently passed through the screen meshes of the sieve.
- a yield of 35% was achieved.
- the salt substitutes listed below in tabular form according to the present invention and comparison compositions were prepared and compared in a sensor test with pure saline.
- the cooking salt was first ground in a mortar until no different grain size was more recognizable. Subsequently, the nominal parts by weight of the respective components were mechanically mixed.
- TCP tricalcium phosphate
- mixture no. 1 Compared to pure sodium chloride, mixture no. 1 has a 33% reduced sodium content.
- the salt substitutes according to the invention are very similar in taste to pure cooking salt and scarcely distinguishable in the sensor test. In comparison to pure salt, the salt substitutes according to the invention have a markedly reduced sodium content.
- the salt substitutes according to the invention have a predominantly authentic salty taste and a salt-like mouthfeel and can be processed to a granular and free-flowing product.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a salt substitute, in particular in granular, crystalline or powdery form and preferably for use as a garnish salt or salt substitute, containing 30 to 90 wt % of sodium chloride or a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1, 10 to 70 wt % of a combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier and optionally up to 20 wt % of additional additives, wherein the carbon dioxide carrier is selected from sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate (potash), potassium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, aluminum carbonate, aluminum hydrogen carbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium carbamate, sal volatile and mixtures thereof, and the at least one acid carrier is selected from acid sodium pyrophosphate (SAPP), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), anhydrous monocalcium phosphate (AMCP), all other hydrates of monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), all other hydrates of dicalcium phosphate, sodium aluminum sulfate (SAS), sodium aluminum phosphate (SALP), calcium magnesium aluminum phosphate, calcium polyphosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, magnesium polyphosphate, magnesium pyrophosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, citric acid, fumaric acid, aspartic acid, tartaric acid, cream of tartar (potassium hydrogen tartrate), glucono delta lactone (GDL), sodium hydrogen citrate, lactic acid and mixtures thereof.
Description
Salzzusammensetzung salt composition
Gegenstand der Erfindung Subject of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Salzersatzstoff, der insbesondere gekörnt, kristallin oder pulverförmig vorliegt und als Dekorsalz oder Trockensalzersatz eingesetzt werden kann. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin die Verwendung des Salzersatzstoffes sowie dessen Herstellung. The invention relates to a salt substitute which is in particular granular, crystalline or powdery and can be used as decorative salt or dry salt substitute. The invention further relates to the use of the salt substitute and its preparation.
Hintergrund der Erfindung Background of the invention
Der Zusammenhang zwischen hohem Kochsalzkonsum und Bluthochdruck und daraus resultierenden Folgeerkrankungen wurde oft beschrieben und ist bekannt. Als ursächlich für den Bluthochdruck wird der Natriumanteil im Kochsalz angesehen. Den größten Anteil am täglichen Salzkonsum tragen die industriell verarbeiteten (prozessierten) Lebensmittel, wie Brot und Fleischprodukte, bei. Daher wird bei den entsprechenden Herstellern intensiv danach geforscht, wie sich bei den einzelnen Produkten Natrium einsparen lässt, um den Gesamtkonsum zum Wohle der Volksgesundheit zu senken. Zudem werden in einigen Ländern bereits gesetzliche Obergrenzen für den Salzgehalt von Lebensmitteln festgelegt, so dass auch von der regulatorischen Seite Bedarf nach Lösungen zur Salzreduktion bestehen. Es gibt verschiedene Ansätze zur Salzreduktion. Dabei müssen die drei Funktionen bzw. Wirkungen des Salzes berücksichtigt werden: Geschmack, Funktionalität und Konservierung. Viele Salzersatzstoffe, die das Salz funktionell ersetzen wollen, weichen geschmacklich wahrnehmbar vom Kochsalz ab. Wenn im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Anmeldung von einem Salzersatzstoff die Rede ist, bezeichnet dies einen Stoff oder eine Stoffzusammensetzung, der bzw. die entweder kein Natrium oder, was in der Regel der Fall sein wird, einen gegenüber reinem Kochsalz oder Steinsalz wesentlich reduzierten Natriumgehalt aufweist und dennoch einen
Ersatz für Kochsalz oder Steinsalz hinsichtlich einer oder mehrerer der drei oben genannten Funktionen bzw. Wirkungen des Salzes, nämlich Geschmack, Funktionalität und Konservierung, darstellt. Die meisten Salzersatzstoffe haben einen reduzierten NaCI-Anteil, der durch einen Anteil anderer Stoffe ersetzt wird. The relationship between high salt intake and high blood pressure and resulting sequelae has often been described and is well known. As the cause of hypertension, the sodium content in saline is considered. The largest share of daily salt consumption is contributed by industrially processed (processed) foods, such as bread and meat products. Therefore, the relevant manufacturers are intensively researching how to save sodium in the individual products in order to reduce overall consumption for the benefit of public health. In addition, legal limits for the salinity of foodstuffs have already been set in some countries, which means that there is also a need for salt reduction solutions from the regulatory side. There are different approaches to salt reduction. Here, the three functions or effects of the salt must be considered: taste, functionality and preservation. Many salt substitutes, which want to replace the salt functionally, deviate noticeably in taste from the common salt. When referring to a salt substitute in the context of the present application, this refers to a substance or composition of matter which either contains no sodium or, as will usually be the case, a substantially reduced sodium content compared to pure saline or rock salt and yet one Substitute salt or rock salt for one or more of the above three functions or effects of the salt, namely taste, functionality and preservation. Most salt substitutes have a reduced NaCl content, which is replaced by a proportion of other substances.
In einem Ansatz zur Herstellung von Salzersatzstoffen wird der NaCI-Anteil wenigstens teilweise durch einen Anteil an KCl ersetzt, welches jedoch geschmacklich als metallisch oder bitter schmeckend beschrieben wird. Diese geschmackliche Abweichung schränkt die Anwendung solcher Salzersatzstoffe als reine Salze, z.B. als Dekorsalz, ein. Sie benötigen eine Lebensmittelmatrix, die die Geschmacksabweichung überdeckt und als Lösungsmedium wirkt. In one approach to the preparation of salt substitutes, the NaCl content is at least partially replaced by a proportion of KCl, which, however, is flavored as tasting metallic or bitter tasting. This variation in taste limits the use of such salt substitutes as pure salts, e.g. as decorative salt, a. You need a food matrix that covers the flavor deviation and acts as a solvent medium.
Andere Salzersatzstoffe sollen das Kochsalz oder Steinsalz vor allem geschmacklich und weniger funktionell ersetzen. Es handelt sich dabei beispielsweise um Systeme auf der Basis von Hefeextrakt oder anderen Proteinhydrolysaten. Beispielhafte Zusammensetzungen sind in der WO 2007/132123 beschrieben. Diese Salzersatzstoffe sind nicht als Tafelsalz oder Dekorsalz einsetzbar, da sie nicht weiß sind und auch nicht die entsprechende Körnung besitzen. Ein weiterer Ansatz zur Salzreduktion sind besondere Mineralsalze, die einen verminderten NaCI-Anteil besitzen, der durch einen hohen Gehalt an enthaltenen Mineralien und anderen Begleitstoffen ersetzt ist. Weitere Beispiele für Salzersatzstoffe offenbaren die WO-A- 2007/118566, EP-A-2 030 513 und US-A-4,938,980. Eine Form der Salzanwendung sind die Salze, die den Lebensmitteln trocken hinzugefügt und erst im Mund befeuchtet werden, hierin als Trockensalze bezeichnet. Häufig dienen diese Salze auch dekorativen Zwecken und sind unter den Bezeichnungen Dekorsalz, Brezelsalz, Hagelsalz oder grobes Salz bekannt. Dekorsalze werden unter anderem auf salzigen Gebäcken, wie Laugengebäck, Brezeln, Salzstangen und Knabberartikeln, verwendet. Die Körnungen von Dekorsalzen haben typischerweise eine Kantenlänge von 0,5 mm bis 3 mm. Eine feinere Körnung von 0,5 mm bis 1 ,6 mm wird überwiegend zum Bestreuen von Dauerbackwaren verwendet. Zum Bestreuen von Laugengebäck, wie beispielsweise Brezeln, werden Körnungen mit einer Kantenlänge von 1 mm bis 3 mm eingesetzt. Handelsübliche Dekorsalze bestehen entweder aus kompaktiertem Siedesalz aus der entsprechenden Fraktion von Steinsalzen. Aber auch als Bestandteile von Gewürzmischungen, die z.B. auf Knabberartikel aufgestreut werden, kommen die trockenen Salze zum Einsatz.
Die Natriumreduzierung dieser Trockensalze, insbesondere der Dekorsalze, ist eine besondere Herausforderung bei der Herstellung von Salzersatzstoffen, da sie weiß sein sollen wie Kochsalz oder Steinsalz und optisch eine grobe Struktur aufweisen müssen. Wichtig ist auch der Kaueindruck. Der körnige Salzersatzstoff soll beim Kauen nicht zerbröseln, sondern mit einem Knack zerfallen. Die größte Schwierigkeit besteht allerdings in der Schaffung eines salztypischen Geschmacks der Salzersatzstoffe. Da Dekorsalz und andere Trockensalze in der Regel unmittelbar mit der Zunge in Berührung kommen, sollte der Geschmack salztypisch rein sein, Abweichungen werden nicht durch eine umgebende Lebensmittelmatrix überdeckt. Bisher verfügbare Salzersatzstoffe bieten nicht die Optik von Hagelsalz oder haben sensorisch wahrnehmbare Abweichungen. Other salt substitutes to replace the salt or rock salt especially taste and less functional. These are, for example, systems based on yeast extract or other protein hydrolysates. Exemplary compositions are described in WO 2007/132123. These salt substitutes can not be used as table salt or decorative salt because they are not white and do not have the appropriate grain size. Another approach to salt reduction is special mineral salts, which have a reduced NaCl content, which is replaced by a high content of contained minerals and other impurities. Further examples of salt substitutes are disclosed in WO-A-2007/118566, EP-A-2 030 513 and US-A-4,938,980. One form of salt application are the salts that are added to foods dry and moistened in the mouth, referred to herein as dry salts. Frequently, these salts also serve decorative purposes and are known under the designations decorative salt, pretzel salt, hail salt or coarse salt. Decoration salts are used on salty pastries such as pretzels, pretzels, pretzel sticks and snacks. The grain sizes of decorative salts typically have an edge length of 0.5 mm to 3 mm. A finer grain size of 0.5 mm to 1.6 mm is mainly used for sprinkling long-life baked goods. For sprinkling lye pastries, such as pretzels, grain sizes with an edge length of 1 mm to 3 mm are used. Commercially available decoration salts consist either of compacted evaporated salt from the corresponding fraction of rock salts. But also as components of spice mixtures, which are sprinkled eg on snacks, the dry salts are used. The sodium reduction of these dry salts, especially decorative salts, is a particular challenge in the production of salt substitutes because they are said to be white like saline or rock salt and visually have a coarse structure. Also important is the chewing impression. The granular salt substitute should not crumble when chewing, but crumble with a crack. The biggest difficulty, however, is the creation of a salt-typical taste of the salt substitutes. Since decor salt and other dry salts usually come into direct contact with the tongue, the taste should be salt-typical pure, deviations are not covered by a surrounding food matrix. Previously available salt substitutes do not offer the appearance of hail salt or have sensory discrepancies.
Aufgabe der Erfindung Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand darin, einen Salzersatzstoff bereitzustellen, mit gegenüber bekannten Salzersatzstoffen hinsichtlich Geschmack und Funktionalität verbesserten Eigenschaften, der insbesondere eine weiße Optik besitzt, geschmacklich sowie hinsichtlich Mundgefühl und Kaueindruck dem Kochsalz oder Steinsalz sehr nahe kommt und gleichzeitig einen gegenüber Kochsalz oder Steinsalz wesentlich reduzierten Anteil an Natrium aufweist. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention was to provide a salt substitute having properties which are better in terms of taste and functionality than known salt substitutes, which in particular have a white appearance, taste and mouth feel and chewing impression very close to the common salt or rock salt and at the same time one opposite Saline or rock salt significantly reduced proportion of sodium.
Beschreibung der Erfindung Description of the invention
Die Erfindung stellt einen Salzersatzstoff bereit, insbesondere gekörnt, kristallin oder pulverförmig und vorzugsweise für die Verwendung als Dekorsalz oder Salzersatz, welcher 30 bis 90 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid, 10 bis 70 Gew.-% einer Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger und gegenebenfalls bis zu 20 Gew.-% weiterer Zusatzstoffe enthält, wobei der Kohlendioxidträger unter Carbonaten, Hydrogencarbonaten und Carbamaten der Alkalimetalle, der Erdalkalimetalle, des Aluminiums, der Übergangsmetalle und/oder von Ammonium und Gemischen davon ausgewählt ist. Anstelle von 30 bis 90 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid kann der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff auch 30 bis 90 Gew.-% eines Gemisches aus Natriumchlorid und Kaliumchlorid im Gewichtsverhältnis 1 :2 bis 2:1 enthalten, wobei der Gehalt an Kaliumchlorid zweckmäßigerweise so zu wählen ist, dass der Salzersatzstoff nicht den für Kaliumchlorid typischen metallischen oder bitteren Geschmack erhält. Der geschmacklich noch akzeptable Anteil an Kaliumchlorid wird auch von der jeweiligen Anwendung des Salzersatzstoffes abhängen.
In der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger entspricht das Verhältnis von Kohlendioxidträgern zu Säureträgern zweckmäßigerweise dem Neutralisationswert der eingesetzten Kohlendioxidträger und Säureträger +/- 25%, vorzugsweise +/- 15%. Der Neutralisationswert gibt an, wieviel Säureträger man zur Neutralisation eines bestimmten Kohlendioxidträgers benötigt. Man erhält ihn, indem man die Menge an Kohlendioxidträger durch die Menge an Säureträger teilt, den man für die Neutralisation des Kohlendioxidträgers braucht, und den erhaltenen Quotienten mit 100 multipliziert. The invention provides a salt substitute, in particular granular, crystalline or powdered, and preferably for use as decor salt or salt substitute, comprising 30 to 90% by weight of sodium chloride, 10 to 70% by weight of a combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier and also contains up to 20% by weight of other additives, the carbon dioxide carrier being selected from carbonates, bicarbonates and carbamates of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, aluminum, transition metals and / or ammonium and mixtures thereof. Instead of from 30 to 90% by weight of sodium chloride, the salt substitute according to the invention may also contain from 30 to 90% by weight of a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1, the content of potassium chloride preferably being selected as follows, that the salt substitute does not receive the metallic or bitter flavor typical of potassium chloride. The taste-acceptable proportion of potassium chloride will also depend on the particular application of the salt substitute. In the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier, the ratio of carbon dioxide carriers to acid carriers suitably corresponds to the neutralization value of the carbon dioxide carriers and acid carriers used +/- 25%, preferably +/- 15%. The neutralization value indicates how much acid carrier is needed to neutralize a particular carbon dioxide carrier. It is obtained by dividing the amount of carbon dioxide carrier by the amount of acid carrier needed for the neutralization of the carbon dioxide carrier and multiplying the quotient obtained by 100.
Es wurde überraschend gefunden, dass eine erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung mit erheblich reduziertem Natriumchloridgehalt als genauso oder wenigstens nahezu so salzig empfunden wird wie reines Natriumchlorid. Weiterhin überraschend war es, dass man mit dem erfmdungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoff durch Kompaktieren Körner oder Granulate herstellen kann, die ein Mundgefühl und einen Kaueindruck wie grobes Dekorsalz erzeugen. Diese Körner oder Granulate überstehen auch einen üblichen Backprozess ohne sichtbare Veränderung. Des Weiteren lässt sich der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff in einer weißen Optik herstellen, so dass er auch visuell dem Kochsalz oder Steinsalz entspricht oder wenigstens sehr nahe kommt. Gleichzeitig weist der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff einen Gehalt an Natriumchlorid von nur 30 bis 90 Gew.-% auf und damit einen gegenüber Kochsalz oder Steinsalz stark reduzierten Natriumanteil. It has surprisingly been found that a composition according to the invention having a considerably reduced sodium chloride content is felt to be just as or at least almost as salty as pure sodium chloride. Furthermore, it was surprising that it is possible to use the salt substitute according to the invention to produce granules or granules by compacting which produce a mouthfeel and a chewing impression, such as coarse decorative salt. These grains or granules also survive a conventional baking process with no visible change. Furthermore, the salt substitute according to the invention can be prepared in a white appearance, so that it also visually corresponds to the common salt or rock salt or at least comes very close. At the same time, the salt substitute according to the invention has a content of sodium chloride of only 30 to 90% by weight and thus a sodium fraction which is greatly reduced in comparison with common salt or rock salt.
In einer Ausführungsform weist der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff sogar nur 35 bis 80 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid, vorzugsweise 40 bis 70 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid, besonders bevorzugt 45 bis 60 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid auf. In einer ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff etwa 50 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid. Wenn in der Beschreibung oder den Ansprüchen der Gehalt an Natriumchlorid in dem erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoff genannt wird, so soll dies entsprechend auch Ausführungsformen umfassen mit einem Gemisch aus Natriumchlorid und Kaliumchlorid im Gewichtsverhältnis 1 :2 bis 2:1 anstelle von Natriumchlorid. Bei konsequenter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffes kann damit bis zu der Hälfte und mehr der ansonsten durch herkömmliches Salz konsumierten Menge an Natriumchlorid eingespart und damit zur Vorbeugung gegen die bekannten gesundheitsschädlichen Folgen beigetragen werden. Gleichzeitig ist eine Beeinträchtigung der geschmacklichen und funktionellen Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffes gegenüber herkömmlichem Salz je nach Anwendungsbereich nicht oder fast nicht wahrzunehmen.
Der wenigstens eine Kohlendioxidträger des erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffs ist vorzugsweise ausgewählt unter Natriumcarbonat, Natriumhydrogencarbonat (NaHC03), Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche), Kaliumhydrogencarbonat (KHC03), Magnesiumcarbonat, Magnesiumhydrogencarbonat, Calciumcarbonat, Calciumhydrogencarbonat,In one embodiment, the salt substitute according to the invention even contains only 35 to 80% by weight of sodium chloride, preferably 40 to 70% by weight of sodium chloride, particularly preferably 45 to 60% by weight of sodium chloride. In a most preferred embodiment, the salt substitute according to the invention contains about 50% by weight of sodium chloride. If the description or claims mentions the content of sodium chloride in the salt substitute according to the invention, this should accordingly also include embodiments with a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in the weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1 instead of sodium chloride. With consistent use of the salt substitute according to the invention can thus be saved up to half and more of the otherwise consumed by conventional salt amount of sodium chloride, thus contributing to the prevention of the known unhealthy consequences. At the same time an impairment of the taste and functional properties of the salt substitute according to the invention over conventional salt depending on the application is not or almost impossible to perceive. The at least one carbon dioxide carrier of the salt substitute according to the invention is preferably selected from sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 3 ), potassium carbonate (potash), potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHC0 3 ), magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogencarbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogencarbonate,
Aluminiumcarbonat, Aluminiumhydrogencarbonat, Ammoniumcarbonat,Aluminum carbonate, aluminum hydrogencarbonate, ammonium carbonate,
Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat, Ammoniumcarbamat, Hirschhornsalz und Gemischen der vorgenannten. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Kohlendioxidträger Natriumhydrogencarbonat (NaHC03) oder Kaliumhydrogencarbonat (KHC03). Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbamate, staghorn salt and mixtures of the foregoing. Particularly preferred is the carbon dioxide carrier sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 3 ) or potassium bicarbonate (KHC0 3 ).
Der wenigstens eine Säureträger des erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffs ist vorzugsweise ausgewählt unter Phosphaten, kondensierten Phosphaten, Phosphonaten, Phosphiten, gemischten Hydroxid-Phosphaten, Sulfaten und Cyanuraten sowie organischen Säuren. Besonders geeignete Säureträger des erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffs sind ausgewählt unter saurem Natrium-Pyrophosphat (SAPP), Monocalciumphosphat-Monohydrat (MCPM), Monocalciumphosphat-Anhydrid (AMCP), alle weiteren Hydrate des Monocalciumphosphats, Dicalciumphosphat-Dihydrat (DCPD), alle weiteren Hydrate des Dicalciumphosphats, Natrium-Aluminium-Sulfat (SAS), Natrium-Aluminium-Phosphat (SALP), Calcium- Magnesium-Aluminium-Phosphat, Calciumpolyphosphat, Calciumpyrophosphat, Magnesiumpolyphosphat, Magnesiumpyrophosphat, Calciumhydrogenphosphat, Zitronensäure, Fumarsäure, Asparaginsäure, Weinsäure, Weinstein (Kaliumhydrogentartrat), Glucono-delta-Lacton (GDL), Natriumhydrogencitrat, Milchsäure und Gemischen der vorgenannten. The at least one acid carrier of the salt substitute according to the invention is preferably selected from phosphates, condensed phosphates, phosphonates, phosphites, mixed hydroxide phosphates, sulfates and cyanurates and organic acids. Particularly suitable acid carriers of the salt substitute according to the invention are selected from acidic sodium pyrophosphate (SAPP), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), monocalcium phosphate anhydride (AMCP), all other hydrates of monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), all other hydrates of dicalcium phosphate, Sodium Aluminum Sulfate (SAS), Sodium Aluminum Phosphate (SALP), Calcium Magnesium Aluminum Phosphate, Calcium Polyphosphate, Calcium Pyrophosphate, Magnesium Polyphosphate, Magnesium Pyrophosphate, Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate, Citric Acid, Fumaric Acid, Aspartic Acid, Tartaric Acid, Tartaric Acid (Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate), Glucono delta-lactone (GDL), sodium hydrogen citrate, lactic acid and mixtures of the foregoing.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Säureträger Monocalciumphosphat- Monohydrat (MCPM). In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffes ist der Kohlendioxidträger Natriumhydrogencarbonat (NaHC03) und der Säureträger Monocalciumphosphat-Monohydrat (MCPM). Ein besonders geeigneter erfindungsgemäßer Salzersatzstoff enthält beispielsweise 50 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid, 27 Gew.-% Natriumhydrogencarbonat und 23 Gew.-% Monocalciumphosphat-Monohydrat (MCPM). In a preferred embodiment, the acid carrier is monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM). In a particularly preferred embodiment of the salt substitute according to the invention, the carbon dioxide carrier is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) and the acid carrier is monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM). A particularly suitable salt substitute according to the invention contains, for example, 50% by weight of sodium chloride, 27% by weight of sodium bicarbonate and 23% by weight of monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM).
Zweckmäßigerweise enthält der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff 20 bis 65 Gew.-% der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger. Vorzugsweise enthält der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff 30 bis 60 Gew.-% oder 40 bis 55 Gew.-% der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens
einem Säureträger. Eine Menge von etwa 50 Gew.-% der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger ist besonders bevorzugt. The salt substitute according to the invention expediently contains 20 to 65% by weight of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier. Preferably, the salt substitute according to the invention contains from 30 to 60 wt .-% or 40 to 55 wt .-% of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least an acid carrier. An amount of about 50% by weight of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier is particularly preferred.
Selbst die Verwendung von Natriumverbindungen sowohl als Säureträger als auch als Kohlendioxidträger aus Gründen des Geschmacks, der Kosten oder der Verfügbarkeit führt zu einer Reduzierung des Natriumgehalts in dem erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoff gegenüber reinem Natriumchlorid. So enthält beispielsweise selbst die vom Natriumgehalt her ungünstige Kombination aus Natriumhydrogencarbonat und sauren Natriumpyrophosphat (SAPP) etwa 41 Gew.-% weniger Natrium als NaCI. Im Gemisch mit beispielsweise 50% NaCI bedeutet dies immer noch eine Reduzierung des Natriumgehalts um 20 % gegenüber reinem Natriumchlorid. Even the use of sodium compounds both as acid carriers and as carbon dioxide carriers for reasons of taste, cost or availability leads to a reduction of the sodium content in the salt substitute according to the invention over pure sodium chloride. For example, even the unfavorable sodium content of sodium bicarbonate and acidic sodium pyrophosphate (SAPP) contains about 41% by weight less sodium than NaCl. When mixed with, for example, 50% NaCl, this still means a 20% reduction in sodium content over pure sodium chloride.
Der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff kann ausschließlich aus Natriumchlorid oder Gemisch aus Natriumchlorid und Kaliumchlorid, Kohlendioxidträger und Säureträger bestehen. Er kann jedoch auch bis zu 20 Gew.-% weiterer Zusatzstoffe enthalten, die vorzugsweise ausgewählt sind unter Bindemitteln, Haftmitteln, Verpresshilfsmitteln, Rieselhilfen, Farbstoffen, Lebensmittelfarben, Füllstoffen, Maltodextrin, Aromastoffen, Kräutern, Kräuterersatzstoffen, Trennmitteln zur Verhinderung oder Verzögerung einer Reaktion zwischen Kohlendioxidträger und Säureträger, Getreidestärke, Maisstärke, Reisstärke, Weizenstärke, modifizierten Mehlen, Siliziumdioxiden, pyrogener Kieselsäure, hydrophober Kieselsäure, hydrophiler Kieselsäure, Tricalciumphosphaten, Calciumcarbonat, Calciumsulfat, Kaliumchlorid, Silanen, Fetten und Gemischen und Kombinationen der vorgenannten. Durch die Zusatzstoffe können dem Salzersatzstoff verschiedenste Eigenschaften verliehen werden, die entweder zu der geschmacklichen oder funktionellen Annäherung des Salzersatzstoffes an "echtes" Salz beitragen können oder dem Salzersatzstoff besondere Eigenschaften verleihen können, die auch bei reinem Kochsalz oder Steinsalz nicht vorhanden sind. Beispielsweise können Farbstoffe zugesetzt werden, um buntes Dekorsalz herzustellen. The salt substitute according to the invention can consist exclusively of sodium chloride or a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride, carbon dioxide carrier and acid carrier. However, it may also contain up to 20% by weight of further additives preferably selected from binders, adhesives, grouts, flow aids, dyes, food colors, fillers, maltodextrin, flavorings, herbs, herbal substitutes, release agents to prevent or delay a reaction between Carbon dioxide carriers and acid carriers, corn starch, corn starch, rice starch, wheat starch, modified flours, silicas, fumed silica, hydrophobic silica, hydrophilic silica, tricalcium phosphates, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, silanes, fats and mixtures, and combinations of the foregoing. The additives can impart various properties to the salt substitute, which can either contribute to the flavor or functional approximation of the salt substitute to "real" salt or can impart special properties to the salt substitute which are absent even with pure table salt or rock salt. For example, dyes may be added to produce a colorful decoration salt.
Der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff kann in jeder für Salz üblichen Form hergestellt werden, wie gekörnt, kristallin, pulverförmig oder auch in groben Stücken oder Blöcken. Bevorzugt liegt der erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoff in granulierter oder gekörnter Form vor. So ist er rieselfähig und lässt sich im Salzstreuer verwenden oder in grober Körnung als Dekorsalz.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch die Verwendung des hierin beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffes als Salzersatz oder Dekorsalz auf Backwaren, Feingebäck, Knabberartikeln, Hefegebäck und Laugengebäck. Des weiteren umfasst die Erfindung auch die Herstellung des hierin beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffes, wobei man die Bestandteile der Zusammensetzung erst mischt und anschließend vermahlt oder erst vermahlt und anschließend mischt und danach zu Körnern verpresst. Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung werden durch die nachfolgend beschriebenen Beispiele erläutert. The salt substitute according to the invention can be prepared in any conventional form for salt, such as granular, crystalline, powdery or in coarse pieces or blocks. The salt substitute according to the invention is preferably present in granulated or granular form. So it is pourable and can be used in the salt shaker or in coarse grain as decor salt. The invention also includes the use of the salt substitute according to the invention described herein as a salt substitute or decorative salt on bakery products, pastries, snacks, yeast pastries and pretzels. Furthermore, the invention also comprises the preparation of the salt substitute according to the invention described herein, wherein the components of the composition are first mixed and then ground or first ground and then mixed and then pressed into grains. Further advantages, features and embodiments of the present invention are explained by the examples described below.
Beispiele Beispiel 1 - Herstellung eines Salzersatzstoff-Granulats Examples Example 1 - Preparation of a salt substitute granule
Für die Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffes aus 50 Gew.-% (5 kg) Natriumchlorid, 22 Gew.-% (2,2 kg) Natriumbicarbonat und 28 Gew.-% (2,8 kg) Calciumdihydrogenphosphat wurden zunächst die grober vorliegenden Komponenten Natriumchlorid und Natriumbicarbonat in einer Hammermühle vorgemahlen und anschließend mit dem bereits etwas feiner vorliegenden Calciumdihydrogenphosphat in einem Labormischer gemischt. Anschließend wurde die Mischung an einem Kompaktor Hosokawa CS 25 verdichtet und zu Schülpen gepresst. Die voreingestellte Presskraft betrug 9,5 N/mm2 und lieferte sofort mechanisch stabile Schülpen. Die Schülpen wurden anschließend in einer Siebmühle zerkleinert und bei einer Siebmaschenweite von 2 mm und 1 mm abgesiebt. Bei der Siebmühle rotiert der Rotor mit ca. 1 - 3 m/s und das Material wird schonend durch die Siebmaschen des Siebes passiert. In der Zielfraktion mit einer Siebmaschenweite von 1 - 2 mm wurde eine Ausbeute von 35 % erzielt. For the preparation of a salt substitute according to the invention from 50 wt .-% (5 kg) of sodium chloride, 22 wt .-% (2.2 kg) of sodium bicarbonate and 28 wt .-% (2.8 kg) calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the coarser components were initially sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate are ground in a hammer mill and then mixed with the already slightly finer calcium dihydrogen phosphate in a laboratory mixer. Subsequently, the mixture was compacted on a compactor Hosokawa CS 25 and pressed into slugs. The preset press force was 9.5 N / mm 2 and immediately provided mechanically stable slugs. The slugs were then crushed in a sieve mill and screened at a mesh size of 2 mm and 1 mm. In the sieve mill, the rotor rotates at approx. 1 - 3 m / s and the material is gently passed through the screen meshes of the sieve. In the target fraction with a mesh size of 1 - 2 mm, a yield of 35% was achieved.
Beispiel 2 - Herstellung von erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffen und Vergleichszusammensetzungen Example 2 - Preparation of salt substitutes according to the invention and comparison compositions
Es wurden die nachfolgend tabellarisch aufgeführten Salzersatzstoffe gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung sowie Vergleichszusammensetzungen hergestellt und in einem Sensoriktest mit reinem Kochsalz verglichen.
Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen wurde das Kochsalz zunächst im Mörser zerkleinert, bis keine unterschiedliche Körnung mehr erkennbar war. Anschließend wurden die nominellen Gewichtsteile der jeweiligen Bestandteile mechanisch gemischt. The salt substitutes listed below in tabular form according to the present invention and comparison compositions were prepared and compared in a sensor test with pure saline. To prepare the compositions of the invention, the cooking salt was first ground in a mortar until no different grain size was more recognizable. Subsequently, the nominal parts by weight of the respective components were mechanically mixed.
Tabelle 1 : Erfindungsgemäße Salzersatzstoffe und Vergleichsbeispiele Table 1: Inventive salt substitutes and comparative examples
Erf. = erfindugsgemäßes Beispiel Req. = example according to the invention
Vgl. = Vergleichsbeispiel Cf. = Comparative Example
TCP = Tricalciumphosphat TCP = tricalcium phosphate
Im Vergleich zu reinem Natriumchlorid weist die Mischung Nr. 1 einen um 33 % reduzierten Natriumgehalt auf. Compared to pure sodium chloride, mixture no. 1 has a 33% reduced sodium content.
Sensoriktest sensor test
Jede der hergestellten Zusammensetzungen wurde jeweils im Vergleich mit reinem Kochsalz im Dreieckstest (Triangeltest) verkostet. Dabei wurden jeweils etwa 50 mg Probe auf ein Uhrglas gegeben und zwei identische Proben und eine davon verschiedene Probe in Dreiecksaufstellung den Probanden vorgesetzt. Dieses Vorgehen wurde wiederholt, so dass einmal zwei Proben von reinem Kochsalz und eine Beispielzusammensetzung und ein anderes Mal eine Probe von reinem Kochsalz und zwei Proben der Beispielzusammensetzung vorlagen. Die Probanden wurden befragt, welche Proben nach echtem Salz schmeckten und welche abwichen. Insgesamt wurde der Dreieckstest mit jeder Beispielszusammensetzung mit wenigstens acht Probanden durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle 2 zusammengefasst.
Tabelle 2: Ergebnisse des Sensoriktests Each of the prepared compositions was tasted each in comparison with pure saline in the triangular test (triangulation test). In each case, about 50 mg of sample were placed on a watch glass and two identical samples and a separate sample in triangular form presented to the subjects. This procedure was repeated so that once two samples of pure saline and one example composition and one time a sample of pure saline and two samples of the example composition were present. The subjects were asked which samples tasted of real salt and which deviated. Overall, the triangle test was performed on each example composition with at least eight subjects. The results are summarized in Table 2 below. Table 2: Results of the sensor test
Fazit: Die erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffe sind reinem Kochsalz geschmacklich sehr ähnlich und im Sensoriktest kaum zu unterscheiden. Im Vergleich zu reinem Salz weisen die erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffe einen deutlich reduzierten Natriumgehalt auf. Conclusion: The salt substitutes according to the invention are very similar in taste to pure cooking salt and scarcely distinguishable in the sensor test. In comparison to pure salt, the salt substitutes according to the invention have a markedly reduced sodium content.
Mischungen von Natriumchlorid mit beispielsweise TCP werden vom Mundgefühl her als abweichend sandig wahrgenommen. Mischungen mit Maltodextrin (Dextrose) erzeugen ein eher klumpendes Mundgefühl, was für Salz untypisch ist. Die erfindungsgemäßen Salzersatzstoffe weisen einen überwiegend authentischen Salzgeschmack und ein salztypisches Mundgefühl auf und lassen sich zu einem körnigen und rieselfähigen Produkt verarbeiten.
Mixtures of sodium chloride with, for example, TCP are perceived by mouth to be abnormally sandy. Mixtures of maltodextrin (dextrose) create a rather clamming mouthfeel, which is atypical for salt. The salt substitutes according to the invention have a predominantly authentic salty taste and a salt-like mouthfeel and can be processed to a granular and free-flowing product.
Claims
PATENTANSPRÜCHE
Salzersatzstoff, insbesondere gekörnt, kristallin oder pulverförmig und vorzugsweise für die Verwendung als Dekorsalz oder Salzersatz, welcher Salt substitute, in particular granular, crystalline or powdery and preferably for use as decorative salt or salt substitute, which
30 bis 90 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid oder eines Gemisches aus Natriumchlorid und Kaliumchlorid im Gewichtsverhältnis 1 :2 bis 2:1 , From 30 to 90% by weight of sodium chloride or of a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1,
10 bis 70 Gew.-% einer Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger und 10 to 70 wt .-% of a combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier and
gegenebenfalls bis zu 20 Gew.-% weiterer Zusatzstoffe enthält, also contains up to 20% by weight of other additives,
wobei der Kohlendioxidträger unter Natriumcarbonat, Natriumhydrogencarbonat, Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche), Kaliumhydrogencarbonat, Magnesiumcarbonat, Magnesiumhydrogencarbonat, Calciumcarbonat, Calciumhydrogencarbonat, Aluminiumcarbonat, Aluminiumhydrogencarbonat, Ammoniumcarbonat,the carbon dioxide carrier being sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate (potash), potassium hydrogencarbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogencarbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogencarbonate, aluminum carbonate, aluminum hydrogencarbonate, ammonium carbonate,
Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat, Ammoniumcarbamat, Hirschhornsalz und Gemischen der vorgenannten ausgewählt ist und Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbamate, staghorn salt and mixtures of the foregoing, and
der wenigstens eine Säureträger unter saurem Natrium-Pyrophosphat (SAPP), Monocalciumphosphat-Monohydrat (MCPM), Monocalciumphosphat-Anhydrid (AMCP), allen weiteren Hydraten des Monocalciumphosphats, Dicalciumphosphat- Dihydrat (DCPD), allen weiteren Hydraten des Dicalciumphosphats, Natrium- Aluminium-Sulfat (SAS), Natrium-Aluminium-Phosphat (SALP), Calcium-Magnesium- Aluminium-Phosphat, Calciumpolyphosphat, Calciumpyrophosphat,the at least one acid carrier among acid sodium pyrophosphate (SAPP), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), monocalcium phosphate anhydride (AMCP), all other hydrates of monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), all other hydrates of dicalcium phosphate, sodium aluminum Sulphate (SAS), sodium aluminum phosphate (SALP), calcium magnesium aluminum phosphate, calcium polyphosphate, calcium pyrophosphate,
Magnesiumpolyphosphat, Magnesiumpyrophosphat, Calciumhydrogenphosphat, Zitronensäure, Fumarsäure, Asparaginsäure, Weinsäure, Weinstein (Kaliumhydrogentartrat), Glucono-delta-Lacton (GDL), Natriumhydrogencitrat, Milchsäure und Gemischen der vorgenannten ausgewählt ist. Magnesium polyphosphate, magnesium pyrophosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, citric acid, fumaric acid, aspartic acid, tartaric acid, tartaric acid (potassium hydrogen tartrate), glucono-delta-lactone (GDL), sodium hydrogen citrate, lactic acid, and mixtures of the foregoing.
Salzersatzstoff nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger das Verhältnis von Kohlendioxidträgern zu Säureträgern dem Neutralisationswert der eingesetzten Kohlendioxidträger und Säureträger +/- 25%, vorzugsweise +/- 15% entspricht.
Salzersatzstoff nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine Kohlendioxidträger Natriumhydrogencarbonat, Kaliumhydrogencarbonat oder ein Gemisch davon ist. Salt substitute according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier, the ratio of carbon dioxide carriers to acid carriers corresponds to the neutralization value of the carbon dioxide carriers and acid carriers used +/- 25%, preferably +/- 15%. Salt substitute according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one carbon dioxide carrier is sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate or a mixture thereof.
Salzersatzstoff nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine Säureträger Monocalciumphosphat- Monohydrat (MCPM) ist. Salt substitute according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one acid carrier is monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM).
Salzersatzstoff nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser 35 bis 80 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid, vorzugsweise 40 bis 70 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid, besonders bevorzugt 45 bis 60 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid, ganz besonders bevorzugt etwa 50 Gew.-% Natriumchlorid enthält. Salt substitute according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this 35 to 80 wt .-% sodium chloride, preferably 40 to 70 wt .-% sodium chloride, particularly preferably 45 to 60 wt .-% sodium chloride, most preferably about 50 wt. Contains% sodium chloride.
Salzersatzstoff nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser 20 bis 65 Gew.-% der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger, vorzugsweise 30 bis 60 Gew.-% der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger, besonders bevorzugt 40 bis 55 Gew.-% der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger, ganz besonders bevorzugt etwa 50 Gew.-% der Kombination aus wenigstens einem Kohlendioxidträger und wenigstens einem Säureträger enthält. Salt substitute according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this 20 to 65 wt .-% of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier, preferably 30 to 60 wt .-% of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier, especially preferably 40 to 55 wt .-% of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier, most preferably about 50 wt .-% of the combination of at least one carbon dioxide carrier and at least one acid carrier.
Salzersatzstoff nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weiteren Zusatzstoffe ausgewählt sind unter Bindemitteln, Haftmitteln, Verpresshilfsmitteln, Rieselhilfen, Farbstoffen, Lebensmittelfarben, Füllstoffen, Maltodextrin, Aromastoffen, Kräutern, Kräuterersatzstoffen, Trennmitteln zur Verhinderung oder Verzögerung einer Reaktion zwischen Kohlendioxidträger und Säureträger, Getreidestärke, Maisstärke, Reisstärke, Weizenstärke, modifizierten Mehlen, Siliziumdioxiden, pyrogener Kieselsäure, hydrophober Kieselsäure, hydrophiler Kieselsäure, Tricalciumphosphaten, Calciumcarbonat, Calciumsulfat, Kaliumchlorid, Silanen, Fetten und Gemischen und Kombinationen der vorgenannten. Salt substitute according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further additives are selected from binders, adhesives, Verpresshilfsmitteln, flow aids, dyes, food colors, fillers, maltodextrin, flavorings, herbs, herbal substitutes, release agents to prevent or delay a reaction between carbon dioxide and acid carriers , Corn starch, corn starch, rice starch, wheat starch, modified flours, silicas, fumed silica, hydrophobic silica, hydrophilic silica, tricalcium phosphates, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, silanes, fats and mixtures, and combinations of the foregoing.
Salzersatzstoff nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser in granulierter oder gekörnter Form hergestellt ist.
Verwendung eines Salzersatzstoffes nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche als Salzersatz oder Dekorsalz auf Backwaren, Feingebäck, Knabberartikeln, Hefegebäck und Laugengebäck. Salt substitute according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is produced in granulated or granular form. Use of a salt substitute according to one of the preceding claims as a salt substitute or decorative salt on baked goods, pastry, snacks, yeast pastries and pretzels.
0. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Salzersatzstoffes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, bei dem man die Bestandteile der Zusammensetzung erst mischt und anschließend vermahlt oder erst vermahlt und anschließend mischt und danach zu Körnern verpresst oder granuliert.
0. A process for preparing a salt substitute according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the components of the composition is first mixed and then ground or first milled and then mixed and then pressed into granules or granules.
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| PCT/EP2011/066546 WO2012038516A1 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2011-09-22 | Salt composition |
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|---|---|
| EP2618684A1 true EP2618684A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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| DE1812452A1 (en) * | 1968-12-03 | 1970-06-18 | Burges Albert | Mixed salt treatment of foodstuffs before - roasting or baking or for preservation |
| US4938980A (en) | 1983-03-30 | 1990-07-03 | Nabisco Brands, Inc. | Low sodium cake mix and process of preparing low sodium cake |
| DE3418644A1 (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-11-28 | Diamalt AG, 8000 München | LOW-SODIUM MIXTURE OF SALT, SUITABLE AS SALT SUBSTITUTE |
| EP0291578A1 (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1988-11-23 | Kopalnia Soli "Wieliczka" | Table salt enriched in bioelements |
| JPH01304860A (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1989-12-08 | Hiroshi Takagaki | Salty seasoning composition having reduced salt |
| FR2773955B1 (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 2000-04-07 | Sanofi Sa | DIETETIC COMPOSITION IN THE FORM OF A SALT SUBSTITUTING TABLE SALT |
| US20040224076A1 (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 2004-11-11 | Marcel Derrien | Dietetic composition in the form of a salt substitute for table salt |
| DE20302834U1 (en) * | 2003-02-20 | 2003-06-26 | Braun, Ralf, Dr., 66450 Bexbach | Product for oral ingestion of calcium and magnesium by humans comprises a calcium- and magnesium-enriched edible salt |
| WO2007118566A1 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Jungbunzlauer Austria Ag | Salt replacement mixture with reduced nacl content |
| FR2900799A1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-16 | Lesaffre & Cie | NEW NACI SALT SUBSTITUTE AGENT, ITS USE AND CONTAINER PRODUCTS |
| JP5265142B2 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2013-08-14 | 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ | Salt composition containing salty taste enhancer |
| SE530154C8 (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-04-08 | Hanson & Moehring Ab | salt mixture |
| EP1922938B1 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2014-05-14 | Nutrionix | Salting compositions for use in foods |
| JP2010521974A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2010-07-01 | エコソルト コーポレーション | Bitter-free sodium-free or low sodium salt composition |
| EP2252166A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2010-11-24 | Frito-Lay Trading Company GmbH | Food product containing table salt formulation |
| MX2010008625A (en) * | 2008-02-06 | 2010-09-14 | Campbell Soup Co | Methods and compositions for reducing sodium content in food products. |
| JP2010075070A (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-08 | Adeka Corp | Salty taste enhancer |
-
2010
- 2010-09-24 DE DE102010041385A patent/DE102010041385A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-09-22 BR BR112013006511A patent/BR112013006511A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-09-22 CA CA2811368A patent/CA2811368A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-09-22 MX MX2013003147A patent/MX2013003147A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-09-22 EP EP11763899.9A patent/EP2618684A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-09-22 US US13/824,195 patent/US20130216667A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-09-22 WO PCT/EP2011/066546 patent/WO2012038516A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112013006511A2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
| US20130216667A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
| DE102010041385A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
| WO2012038516A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
| CA2811368A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
| MX2013003147A (en) | 2013-05-30 |
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