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EP2616500A1 - Procédé de production de polysilanes fluorés - Google Patents

Procédé de production de polysilanes fluorés

Info

Publication number
EP2616500A1
EP2616500A1 EP11760749.9A EP11760749A EP2616500A1 EP 2616500 A1 EP2616500 A1 EP 2616500A1 EP 11760749 A EP11760749 A EP 11760749A EP 2616500 A1 EP2616500 A1 EP 2616500A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluorinated
polysilanes
sif
production
preparation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11760749.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Auner
Christian Bauch
Rumen Deltschew
Sven Holl
Javad MOHSSENI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Spawnt Private SARL
Original Assignee
Spawnt Private SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Spawnt Private SARL filed Critical Spawnt Private SARL
Publication of EP2616500A1 publication Critical patent/EP2616500A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/02—Silicon
    • C01B33/021—Preparation
    • C01B33/027—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material
    • C01B33/03—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material by decomposition of silicon halides or halosilanes or reduction thereof with hydrogen as the only reducing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/08—Compounds containing halogen
    • C01B33/107—Halogenated silanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/60—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of fluorinated polysilanes.
  • phosphate-containing fertilizers often starts from rocks that contain compounds such as fluorapatite CasiPC ⁇ F as impurities. Treatment of such rocks with sulfuric acid in fertilizer production releases hydrogen fluoride HF as a by-product. Also included in the rocks silica S 1 O 2 reacts with at least a portion of this HF
  • H 2 S 1 F 6 is not isolable in pure form, but decomposes on dehydration of the solution in reversal of the formation reaction to HF and S 1 F 4 . From the solution can be precipitated by the addition of suitable alkali metal compounds alkali metal hexafluorosilicates.
  • alkali metal Hexafluorsilicate can be decomposed by heating, for example, sodium hexafluorosilicate to about 650 ° C, alkali metal fluorides and S1F. 4
  • US 4,756,896, WO 1983/02443 Al, WO 1984/02514 Al or WO 1984/02539 Al disclose the use of SiF or Na 2 SiF 6 for the production of elemental silicon by reaction with alkali metals.
  • suitable processing for example, washing with water, or which results products to a melting of one or both reaction customized reaction, for example, highEffstemperatu ⁇ ren, the by-products entste ⁇ Henden alkali metal fluorides can be separated from the resulting silicon.
  • DE 10 2005 024 041 A1 discloses reducing SiF 4 with H 2 in a plasma and thereby obtaining (SiF 2 ) x .
  • the polymer is then thermally decomposed to elemental silicon.
  • US 2004/0250764 A1 describes that a plasma is generated in a rotary tubular reactor in which SiF 4 reacts with hydrogen. Due to the rotational movement of the reactor, silicon seeds are transported which fall through the plasma zone and on which elemental silicon deposits within this plasma zone.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a process for the preparation of fluorinated polysilanes, which comprises the following steps:
  • HF is introduced into the
  • H 2 S1F 6 Transport and storage H 2 S1F 6 transferred.
  • the HF can be stably transported and stored, with the transport and storage H 2 S1F 6 less corrosive and toxic than free-standing HF.
  • H 2 S1F 6 is the immediate starting material for the preparation of the required for the plasma process S1F 4 .
  • HF is used, which is obtained in the acid digestion of mineral phosphates in the production of phosphate fertilizers.
  • the yield of S1F 4 from the reaction of H 2 SIF 6 can be increased by up to 50% by adding SiO 2 -containing starting materials, preference being given to quartz sand as SiO 2 -containing starting material is used.
  • SiO 2 -containing starting materials preference being given to quartz sand as SiO 2 -containing starting material is used.
  • Other starting materials such as diatomaceous earth, rice ash, Sili ⁇ kate, silicate glasses are suitable.
  • the method according to the invention is formed after thermal or plasmachemischem implementation of the S1F 4 HF, which is recycled.
  • the HF is returned to the process of the method according to the invention and disposal of the HF is superfluous.
  • the recovered fluorinated polysilane is used in the present invention to produce high purity silicon.
  • the silicon of high purity produced in the process has impurities which interfere with the semiconductor properties and / or dopants with a fraction of less than 10 ppm, preferably less than 1 ppm, with particular preference less than 1 ppb, on.
  • This Verunreini ⁇ conditions and / or dopants are elements of the 3rd, 4th
  • Verun ⁇ cleaning and / or dopants can thereby by elementary analysis or mass spectrometric analyzes, and in particular ⁇ sondere inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) can be determined.
  • ICP-MS ⁇ sondere inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
  • High-purity silicon can be used for example in the semiconducting ⁇ goods industry and / or photovoltaic.
  • the conversion to fluorinated polysilanes can be carried out plasma-chemically, with S1F 4 being reacted with hydrogen in the plasma.
  • S1F 4 is a reduction in the formation of HF and PFS approximately according to the following reaction slide ⁇ chung place: SiF 4 + H 2 -> SiF 2 + 2 HF.
  • the SiF 2 then polymerizes to form PFS: nSiF 2 -> (SiF 2) n -
  • the PFS can then be thermally converted to silicon and S1F 4 , for example, and the latter can be recycled back into the process.
  • S1F 4 and hydrogen are reacted silane guide shape to form a plasma to fluorinated poly, wherein with respect to the plasma reaction with an energy density of less than 10 -3 whom, preferably 0.2 to 2 whom -3, is working.
  • the method according to the invention is distinguished by ⁇ over the prior art by a lower hydrogen content in the starting mixture.
  • a mixing ratio of fluorosilane: hydrogen of 1: 0-1: 2 is used, whereby the incident energy per decomposed equivalent of fluorosilane is again significantly reduced.
  • This is preferably about 800 to 20,000 kJ / mole, especially 850-1530 kJ / mole fluorosilane.
  • the gas mixture used may additionally be diluted by an inert gas and / or contain admixtures which promote plasma generation.
  • inert gases are not mandatory in the process according to the invention.
  • fluorosilane is admixed with the hydrogen stream after it has passed through a plasma zone (remote plasma). Both the hydrogen gas and the fluorosilane may be diluted by an inert gas and / or admixtures that the plasma generating beneficiaries ⁇ term. Also, the fluorosilane can be used diluted with hydrogen.
  • the working pressure used in the process for plasma-chemical conversion to fluorinated polysilanes can be in the range from 0.1 to 100 hPa, preferably from 0.5 to 20 hPa, particularly preferably from 0.6 to 2 hPa.
  • the thermal or plasmachemic conversion to fluorinated polysilane can take place, the temperature of the reactor parts in which the process according to the invention is carried out and on which the fluorinated polysilane is deposited being from -70.degree. C. to 300.degree C, in particular -20 ° C to 280 ° C, is maintained. Generally, the temperature is relatively low retained ⁇ th in order to avoid the formation of silicon. The PFS can then be further thermally converted to silicon and S1F 4 , for example, the latter can be recycled back into the process.
  • PFS fluorinated polysilane
  • the working pressure used for thermal conversion to fluorinated polysilanes in the process can be in the range from 0.1 to 1000 hPa, for example 100 hPa.
  • waste products H 2 S1F 6 and / or HF from the fertilizer industry for the manufacture of S1F ⁇ position 4 are used.
  • S1F 4 is converted to fluorinated silane. From this, valuable products, such as silicon of high purity, which are used, for example, in photovoltaics, can be produced.
  • the inventive method ie the entire process can be carried out carbon-free, for example, with re generatively obtained electrical energy, so that any known C0 2 problem does not matter.
  • the production of silicon of high purity without the addition of carbon from HF and / or hexafluorosilicic acid can be carried out, of HF and / or He ⁇ xafluorkieselklare (H 2 S1F 6) S1F 4 is produced; the like ⁇ derum lanen thermally or chemically to plasma fluorinated polysilane and is then converted to silicon.
  • This allows a more environmentally friendly production of high purity silicon as compared to silicon production from chlorinated polysilanes, which often requires the addition of coal.
  • a further disclosed embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the recovered fluo ⁇ tured polysilane is used for the production of hydrogenated polysilanes, wherein the hydrogenated polysilane thus be ⁇ Sonders efficient, economical and environmentally friendly Herge ⁇ represents be.
  • partial and perhydrogenated compounds can be obtained by hydrogenating the fluorinated polysilanes, i. the fluorine atoms are partially or completely replaced by hydrogen atoms.
  • the hydrogenation can be carried out in inert solvents such as ethers, toluene, etc., wherein the hydrogenation should be carried out at the lowest possible temperatures (RT or lower) in order to suppress decomposition of the polysilanes formed.
  • salt-like hydrides such as LiH, NaH or CaH 2 are used for the hydrogenation.
  • At least one further exporting ⁇ approximate shape of the inventive method for the hydrogenation complex hydrides preferably NaAlH 4, L1AIH 4, NaBH4, particularly preferably NaAlH ⁇ or by means of suitable methods of catalytic hydrogen or suitable hydrogen carrier compounds.
  • the reaction conditions in the hydrogenation are selected such that the number n of silicon atoms in the fluorinated polysilanes is not reduced.
  • the temperature is preferably maintained in the range of -40 ° C to 25 ° C, more preferably in the range of -20 ° C to 15 ° C, especially in the range of -10 ° C to 5 ° C. In other words, there is no cleavage in the hydrogenation between the Si-Si bonds of the fluorinated polysilanes.
  • the reaction conditions for the hydrogenation are tion chosen so that the Si-Si bonds of the fluorinated polysilane are cleaved and hydrogenated polysilanes are gebil ⁇ det, wherein the number n of the silicon atoms of the hydrogenated polysilane in compared to the number n of the fluorinated Siliciumato ⁇ men polysilanes is smaller.
  • the formed hydrogenated polysilanes are shorter than the fluorinated polysilanes used. This is preferably effected by free-radical hydrogenation at tempera tures ⁇ about 0 ° C or by partial hydrogenation by insertion of hydrogen halide in the Si-Si bond, preferably un- ter use of HF.
  • the formed as byproducts Salzar ⁇ term fluorides are used as starting materials for aluminum production or for water fluoridation. This eliminates disposal and disposal costs of salt-like fluorides, the salt-like fluorides are processed cost ⁇ favorable.
  • the fluorinated polysilane is used for the production used of fluorinated and / or partially fluorinated oligosilanes.
  • fluorinated polysilane is used by reaction with HF for the preparation of hydrogenated and / or partially hydrogenated oligosilanes, wherein the HF is at least partially derived from the polymerization step for producing the fluoro ⁇ tured polysilanes.
  • the resulting gas mixture is passed through a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 13 mm at a pressure of 10-20 hPa and a weak glow discharge ( ⁇ 10 W) is generated within the tube by means of high voltage between two electrodes.
  • a weak glow discharge ⁇ 10 W
  • a pulsed microwave radiation 2.45 GHz
  • a pulse energy of 800 W and a pulse duration of 1 0.63 g (20% of theory) are ms followed irradiated from 19 ms pause, h corresponding to an average power of 40 W.
  • the fluorinated polysilane comprises obtained.
  • the material un ⁇ ter formation of silicon decomposed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de polysilanes fluorés. Du fluorure d'hydrogène et/ou de l'acide hexafluorosilicique qui sont produits lors de la dissolution acide de phosphates minéraux pour la production d'engrais phosphatés sont utilisés pour la production de SiF4. Le SiF4 obtenu est transformé par voie thermique ou plasmachimique en polysilane fluoré. Le procédé est particulièrement efficient et peu onéreux.
EP11760749.9A 2010-09-14 2011-09-14 Procédé de production de polysilanes fluorés Withdrawn EP2616500A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010045260A DE102010045260A1 (de) 2010-09-14 2010-09-14 Verfahren zur Herstellung von fluorierten Polysilanen
PCT/EP2011/065968 WO2012035080A1 (fr) 2010-09-14 2011-09-14 Procédé de production de polysilanes fluorés

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2616500A1 true EP2616500A1 (fr) 2013-07-24

Family

ID=44675570

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11760749.9A Withdrawn EP2616500A1 (fr) 2010-09-14 2011-09-14 Procédé de production de polysilanes fluorés

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20130270102A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2616500A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013538177A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010045260A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012035080A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014013250B4 (de) 2014-09-08 2021-11-25 Christian Bauch Verfahren zur Aufreinigung halogenierter Oligosilane
CN110683553A (zh) * 2018-07-05 2020-01-14 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种脱除粉煤灰中的二氧化硅同时制备莫来石的方法
CN113233422B (zh) * 2021-06-02 2023-03-31 四川大学 一种SiF4与HF混合气体的分离方法及系统

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4070444A (en) 1976-07-21 1978-01-24 Motorola Inc. Low cost, high volume silicon purification process
GB2079262B (en) * 1980-07-02 1984-03-28 Central Glass Co Ltd Process of preparing silicon tetrafluoride by using hydrogen fluoride gas
WO1983002443A1 (fr) 1982-01-05 1983-07-21 Stanford Res Inst Int Procede et appareil de production de silicium a partir d'acide fluosilicique
US4590043A (en) 1982-12-27 1986-05-20 Sri International Apparatus for obtaining silicon from fluosilicic acid
US4584181A (en) 1982-12-27 1986-04-22 Sri International Process and apparatus for obtaining silicon from fluosilicic acid
FI72952C (fi) 1985-03-11 1987-08-10 Kemira Oy Foerfarande foer framstaellning av kisel.
US4814155A (en) * 1987-07-27 1989-03-21 Dow Corning Corporation Method of selective reduction of polyhalosilanes with alkyltin hydrides
US6238637B1 (en) * 1998-02-26 2001-05-29 Monsanto Company Process and apparatus for preparation of phosphorus oxyacids from elemental phosphorus
AU2001256753A1 (en) 2000-05-16 2001-11-26 Tohoku Electric Power Company Incorporated Method and apparatus for production of high purity silicon
US7485691B1 (en) * 2004-10-08 2009-02-03 Kovio, Inc Polysilane compositions, methods for their synthesis and films formed therefrom
DE102005024041A1 (de) 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 City Solar Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silicium aus Halogensilanen
DE102008025260B4 (de) * 2008-05-27 2010-03-18 Rev Renewable Energy Ventures, Inc. Halogeniertes Polysilan und thermisches Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2012035080A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012035080A1 (fr) 2012-03-22
JP2013538177A (ja) 2013-10-10
US20130270102A1 (en) 2013-10-17
DE102010045260A1 (de) 2012-03-15

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