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EP2607810B1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2607810B1
EP2607810B1 EP12198898.4A EP12198898A EP2607810B1 EP 2607810 B1 EP2607810 B1 EP 2607810B1 EP 12198898 A EP12198898 A EP 12198898A EP 2607810 B1 EP2607810 B1 EP 2607810B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
heat pump
minimum
fluid
operating
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP12198898.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2607810A2 (fr
EP2607810A3 (fr
Inventor
Mikael Tollsten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2607810A3 publication Critical patent/EP2607810A3/fr
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Publication of EP2607810B1 publication Critical patent/EP2607810B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F24H4/04—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a heat pump device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the publication DE 10 2009 022 246 B4 discloses a hot water treatment device having a controller.
  • This controller is provided in the lower storage area to ensure that water is quickly recharged when hot water is drawn.
  • the temperature of the water in the storage tank is determined. This is done by a sensor.
  • the sensor determines an integral temperature of the storage, so that conclusions can be drawn about the loading level of the storage.
  • the charge level in turn can be used to regulate the hot water tank.
  • This control takes place, for example, in an automatic mode. In the automatic mode, the charge level of the hot water tank is reduced to a lower threshold if there is no tap. However, if there is a tap, the charge level is increased to the previous value. The water is thus heated when the temperature falls below a constant threshold value. Depending on a subsequent or no dispensing process, the heating to an operating temperature or a temperature in the range above the threshold value takes place.
  • the heat pump device In the case of components that do not fit together optimally, for example a relatively small volume of water in the storage tank, the heat pump device often cycles. Or even with hot water storage tanks that are sub-optimally insulated, there are gradual heat losses. As a result of the heat losses in the prior art, the heating device or heat pump is actuated repeatedly within short phases, which may impair its service life.
  • the heat pump device known from the prior art always heats the water to the desired temperature in a normal operating state, starting from a constant switch-on value as the minimum temperature of the hot water supply. This results in frequent short operation with subsequent relatively short pauses in the case of an unfavorable fluid storage heat pump device constellation. This affects the life of the device or the overall system.
  • Each start and stop of the heat pump also has a negative effect on the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump. Every time the heat pump is started, it takes a while for the compressor or refrigeration circuit to work optimally. In order to achieve the required long service life, it is therefore always a goal of the system design that the heat pump starts as little as possible and runs for a long time.
  • COP coefficient of performance
  • the solution to the above problem is achieved by a method for operating a heat pump device, in particular for hot water preparation or for hot water preparation.
  • the fluid is, in particular, water which is stored in a fluid store, that is to say a hot water store.
  • a first method step the temperature of the fluid is detected by a sensor device, in particular a temperature sensor.
  • the fluid is heated to a desired temperature.
  • the fluid is heated to a value above the minimum value, in particular to the target temperature of preferably to 64 ° C.
  • the value of the minimum temperature is variable and is dependent on a period of time that has elapsed since the heating was previously carried out.
  • variable starting temperature which preferably starts with a default value of 40 ° C whenever the heat pump stops heating the domestic water and rises to the desired starting temperature.
  • 56 ° C in particular are provided within a certain period, in particular 6 hours.
  • variable temperature control method is provided that is optimized to the needs and properties of the respective combination. This leads in particular to the fact that the method can be used with optimally coordinated device components and with sub-optimally coordinated device components and enables the longest possible period between heating periods - while maintaining comfort requirements - whereby the functional reliability and the efficiency of all heat pump devices can be adjusted to a particular one Sets maximum value.
  • activation of the heat pump device components for domestic water heating is normally sufficient every four to six hours, which results in a significantly reduced total number of actuations or a significant extension of the service life.
  • the value of the minimum temperature is increased in constant time intervals from a predefinable minimum temperature. It is also conceivable that the time segments each comprise only one second or essentially one second or any other suitable time period. However, the time periods are preferably calculated, this is advantageous since the individual time periods can be optimally adapted to the properties of the components of the heat pump device.
  • the increase takes place in predeterminable iteration steps, preferably calculated as a function of the respective heat pump device components, in particular by constant values.
  • the values can be, for example, between 0.01 ° C and 1 ° C and is preferably substantially or exactly 0.1 ° C.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because the minimum temperature can be raised to a target value for an optimal constellation for the entire system within a defined period of time. This means that the optimal minimum temperature can be set or set for different heat pump systems.
  • the value of the minimum temperature is reset to the predetermined value when a desired temperature of the fluid is reached. It is conceivable that the time period that elapsed between the last reset is stored or output, as a result of which a change in the component behavior of the heat pump device can be determined on the basis of changing time periods.
  • This embodiment is advantageous since it provides an automatic self-adjustment / regulation by the heat pump device, thus avoiding human-machine interaction.
  • the first time period begins to run when the reset is carried out and the increase takes place automatically. This embodiment is advantageous since a permanent and repetitive provision or initiation of the method according to the invention is also automatically realized.
  • the length of the time segments is divided by the amount by dividing a predetermined maximum time period (in seconds) in which a minimum target temperature (in ° C.) can be reached starting from a minimum start temperature (in ° C.) the difference of x times, in particular 10 times, the minimum target temperature and x times, in particular 10 times, the minimum start temperature.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because a determination of the respective or optimal values can be carried out in a simple and thus resource-saving manner, in particular since the calculation has only a low level of complexity. Furthermore, the simple embodiment is always extremely reliable, inexpensive and easy to maintain.
  • the predetermined period is between 3 and 9 hours, preferably between 4 and 8 Hours and particularly preferably essentially or exactly 6 hours.
  • a period of 6 hours can, for example, correspond to a heating cycle of an optimal heat pump-fluid storage combination and thus enables an optimal efficiency setting.
  • the minimum starting temperature is between 30 ° C. and 50 ° C. and preferably between 30 ° C. and 45 ° C. and particularly preferably essentially or exactly 40 ° C.
  • a temperature of 40 ° C. is particularly preferred since at this temperature the fluid, in particular water, can still be used for a large number of uses. With 40 ° C warm water, for example, a heating device can still be operated or a shower process can be carried out.
  • the minimum target temperature is a temperature between 50 ° C. and 70 ° C. and preferably a temperature between 50 ° C. and 60 ° C. and particularly preferably the minimum target temperature is essentially or exactly 56 ° C.
  • This embodiment is advantageous with regard to the usual, economical design and operating range of a heat pump.
  • the fluid is fed to the fluid reservoir in a feed device, such as, for example, a line, in particular a pipeline or a hose line, and the fluid is conducted from the fluid reservoir to a hot water consumer or a provision facility.
  • a feed device such as, for example, a line, in particular a pipeline or a hose line
  • the fluid is conducted from the fluid reservoir to a hot water consumer or a provision facility.
  • a tap, a hot water pipe or a heating element, such as a radiator or a heating pipe, can be regarded as a hot water consumer, for example.
  • a heat pump device is designed such that it implements or executes a method according to the aforementioned features.
  • FIG. 1 A structure of a device for heating 1 at least one fluid is shown.
  • a device thus comprises, in addition to a receiving device 2, which is preferably a fluid storage or fluid tank, a sensor device 4 for detecting the temperature of the fluid, in particular in the tank, a heat transfer system 5, in particular a radiator, a heating device 6, in particular a heat pump 6, as well as further components arranged in the line, such as a supply device 16, in particular a tap or a tap, a valve device 18 and a compressor 20.
  • the water held in the tank 2 is preferably heated when the temperature in the tank 2 detected by the sensor device 4 is less than or equal to 56 ° C.
  • the sensor device 4 is preferably arranged in the bottom region of the tank 2, it also being conceivable that several sensor devices 4 are arranged distributed in the tank, in particular at different distances from the bottom of the tank 2.
  • a control device (not shown) is preferred. provided that evaluates the recorded values, for example by averaging.
  • the heating of the water preferably ends when the sensor device 4 reaches a target temperature 9 (cf. Fig. 3 ) of preferably> 56.5-57 ° C is detected or output.
  • the above-mentioned temperatures can have higher or lower values depending on other recorded temperatures, in particular in a deviation range of 0.1-3 ° C.
  • the outer region of the tank 2 preferably comprises 20-300 l and particularly preferably 60-150 l and the heat pump 6 has a thermal output of preferably 1-20 kW and particularly preferably 5-14 kW.
  • the outer region of the tank 2 heats up very quickly, as a result of which the heat is not available in sufficient time to enter the tank To penetrate inside the tank 2. This is particularly problematic because the output of the heat pump 6 is not adjustable.
  • the sensor device 4 The detected target temperature 9 is thus quickly reached and the heat pump 6 is stopped. It is also critical here that the exemplary heat pump 6 cannot work with temperatures higher than 57 ° C.
  • the functionality according to the invention makes it possible to provide a method or a device for heating 1 at least one fluid which, depending on the combination, i. H. with a specific heat pump 6 and a fluid reservoir 2, such as a process water tank (DHW tank) or heating water tank, as well as with only suboptimally matching components, in any case to heat the fluid at as far apart as possible times.
  • a specific heat pump 6 and a fluid reservoir 2 such as a process water tank (DHW tank) or heating water tank
  • Fig. 2 is an example of a heating curve 25 or the curve of an actual temperature 7 that results from the prior art in the case of less favorable component constellations.
  • the abscissa 23 denotes the curve over time and the ordinate 24 denotes the temperature.
  • a minimum temperature is identified by reference numeral 8, when the temperature falls below or reaches the target temperature 9. Due to the relatively high temperature differences in the fluid area into which the heat is introduced during heating and in the fluid area into which the heat has to spread, a first relatively steep temperature drop area 21 is formed.
  • FIG. 3 A minimum temperature profile 8 is shown, which arises in a method according to the invention.
  • the minimum temperature 8 changes over time from a minimum start temperature 10 to a minimum target temperature 12.
  • the change can, as shown, be fluid or take place in stages.
  • the minimum temperature 8 therefore changes from the minimum start temperature 8 within the desired time or standard time 13 to the minimum target temperature.
  • the courses of the actual temperature 7 and the minimum temperature 8 intersect or meet before the expiration of the standard time 13 (not shown).
  • the first temperature drop region 21 meets the minimum temperature 8, as a result of which heating is initiated.
  • the second temperature drop area preferably coincides 22 with the curve of the minimum temperature 8. This therefore takes place as a function of the respective component constellation, as a result of which a response frequency which is adapted or reduced to the respective component constellation is set.
  • the minimum temperature 8 is preferred when the actual temperature 7 corresponds to the target temperature 9, reset to the minimum start temperature 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1), dans lequel un fluide est conservé dans un réservoir de fluide (2), au moins un capteur de température (4) détecte la température du fluide, un dispositif de chauffage (6) chauffe le fluide à une valeur de température de consigne prédéfinissable et, à la suite d'une réduction de la température du fluide à une valeur minimale ou en dessous, le fluide est chauffé à une valeur supérieure à la valeur minimale,
    dans lequel la valeur de la température minimale (8) est variable, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de la température minimale dépend d'une période de temps qui s'est écoulée depuis un chauffage précédemment effectué.
  2. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, à partir d'une température minimale prédéfinissable, une augmentation de la valeur de la température minimale (8) est effectuée à des intervalles de temps constants.
  3. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'augmentation, en particulier selon des valeurs constantes, est effectuée selon des pas d'itération prédéfinissables.
  4. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de la température minimale (8) est réinitialisée à la valeur prédéfinie lorsqu'une température de consigne du fluide est atteinte.
  5. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la première période de temps commence à s'écouler lors de la réinitialisation et en ce que l'augmentation s'effectue automatiquement.
  6. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la longueur des périodes de temps est déterminée en divisant une période de temps maximale prédéfinie (en secondes), en laquelle une température minimale cible (en C°) (12) doit être atteinte à partir d'une température de départ minimale (en C°) (10), par la valeur de la différence entre x fois, notamment 10 fois, la température minimale cible (12) et x fois la température minimale de départ (10).
  7. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la période de temps prédéfinie est comprise entre 3 et 9 heures, de préférence entre 4 et 8 heures et de manière particulièrement préférée, est de 6 heures.
  8. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la température minimale de départ (10) est une température comprise entre 30°C et 50°C, de préférence entre 35°C et 45°C et de manière particulièrement préférée, est de 40°C.
  9. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 5, 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la température minimale cible (12) est une température comprise entre 50°C et 70°C, de préférence entre 50°C et 60°C et de manière particulièrement préférée, est de 56°C.
  10. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompe à chaleur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fluide est amené au réservoir de fluide (2) dans un dispositif d'amenée (14) et en ce que le fluide est conduit depuis le réservoir de fluide (2) à un consommateur d'eau chaude (16) dans un dispositif de distribution (16).
EP12198898.4A 2011-12-23 2012-12-21 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur Active EP2607810B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011122163A DE102011122163A1 (de) 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpeneinrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2607810A2 EP2607810A2 (fr) 2013-06-26
EP2607810A3 EP2607810A3 (fr) 2016-06-29
EP2607810B1 true EP2607810B1 (fr) 2020-07-01

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12198898.4A Active EP2607810B1 (fr) 2011-12-23 2012-12-21 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de pompes à chaleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2607810B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011122163A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3297657B2 (ja) * 1999-09-13 2002-07-02 株式会社デンソー ヒートポンプ式給湯器
US7127905B2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2006-10-31 Carrier Corporation Vapor compression system startup method
DE102009022246B4 (de) * 2009-05-20 2011-03-03 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Warmwasserbereiter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2607810A2 (fr) 2013-06-26
DE102011122163A1 (de) 2013-06-27
EP2607810A3 (fr) 2016-06-29

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