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EP2601492A2 - Éolienne à détection de couple - Google Patents

Éolienne à détection de couple

Info

Publication number
EP2601492A2
EP2601492A2 EP11738406.5A EP11738406A EP2601492A2 EP 2601492 A2 EP2601492 A2 EP 2601492A2 EP 11738406 A EP11738406 A EP 11738406A EP 2601492 A2 EP2601492 A2 EP 2601492A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
generator
sensor
wind turbine
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11738406.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd VON LÖBBECKE
Basti Steinacher
Christian Seene
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NCT Engineering GmbH
NCTengineering GmbH
Original Assignee
NCT Engineering GmbH
NCTengineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NCT Engineering GmbH, NCTengineering GmbH filed Critical NCT Engineering GmbH
Publication of EP2601492A2 publication Critical patent/EP2601492A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
    • G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
    • G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
    • G01L3/101—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • G01L3/102—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means involving magnetostrictive means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/80—Devices generating input signals, e.g. transducers, sensors, cameras or strain gauges
    • F05B2270/821—Displacement measuring means, e.g. inductive

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine with torque detection.
  • a wind turbine converts kinetic wind energy into electrical energy. This is done by the fact that the wind flow acts on rotor blades of a rotor and sets this in a rotational movement.
  • the rotor passes the rotational energy via a shaft to a generator, where the kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy.
  • a transmission is connected between the generator and the rotor. This gear translates the low speed of the rotor shaft into a high speed of the generator shaft, which drives the rotor of the generator.
  • various gear stages are often combined in a wind power transmission, for example planetary stages and spur gear stages.
  • a coupling is often provided as a connecting element between the gearbox and generator, which transmits the torque of the drive shaft of the transmission to the rotor of the generator or can interrupt.
  • the speed of the system is set to an optimal ratio between peripheral speed of the rotor and wind speed, ie the so-called high-speed number is optimized.
  • the blades of the rotor are set in such a way that the highest driving torque is generated at the rotor shaft.
  • the speed is influenced by the counter-torque on the generator.
  • the aerodynamic efficiency of the blades is reduced by not adjusting them at their optimum angle of attack.
  • the speed of the system is therefore influenced by the angle of attack of the blades when a maximum generator torque is reached.
  • it is therefore necessary in this connection to determine the torque applied to the rotor or to the generator.
  • too large torques on the gearbox can cause damage, so that a torque detection is also desired for these purposes.
  • the present invention is based on the object of the present invention to provide a wind turbine with torque detection, which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the wind turbine according to the invention comprises a rotor, a gear, a generator, a rotor shaft between the rotor and the gear, a generator shaft between the gear and the generator, and a first magnetostrictive sensor arranged on the generator shaft or on the rotor shaft is.
  • the wind power plant according to claim 1 has the advantage that the magnetostrictive sensor for measuring the torque is arranged on one of the two shafts and thus the torque transmitted via this shaft can be detected directly. Magnetostrictive sensors also have the advantage that both static and dynamic moments can be measured. In addition, the non-contact measuring principle by means of the magnetostrictive sensors results, in particular, in a speed independence, which is likewise advantageous.
  • a development of the wind power plant according to the invention consists in that a second magnetostrictive sensor can be provided, wherein the first magnetostrictive sensor is arranged on the generator shaft and the second magnetostrictive sensor on the rotor shaft. In this way, both the torque on the generator shaft and the torque on the rotor shaft can be determined.
  • the first and / or the second magnetostrictive sensor may each comprise a magnetized axial section of the generator shaft or the rotor shaft. In this way, part of the respective shaft serves as part of the magnetostrictive sensor.
  • the first and / or the second magnetostrictive sensor can each comprise at least one magnetic field sensor for measuring a magnetic field generated by the magnetized axial section. This magnetic field sensor can have one or more coils.
  • the combination of the two last-mentioned further developments forms a non-contact magnetostrictive sensor in which a magnetic field programmed or imprinted into the shaft is not influenced as long as no torque is applied to the shaft. As soon as a torque is applied and the shaft is subjected to a torsion, the magnetic field changes, whereby this change can be measured by the corresponding magnetic field sensor or a plurality of magnetic field sensors.
  • the advantage of this technology is that an absolute measuring sensor system (as opposed to an incremental one) is provided.
  • each of the magnetized axial sections can have two or more magnetized axial sections. In this way, the sensitivity and the accuracy of the sensor can be increased.
  • each magnetized axial section or each magnetized axial section can be delimited on at least one side by a delimiting zone. In this way, the magnetic field structure can be further optimized for use in accurate torque detection.
  • the rotor shaft and / or the generator shaft can be designed as a hollow shaft or can, and that the at least one magnetic field sensor is disposed within the hollow shaft. In this way, the at least one magnetic field sensor can be space-optimized and / or housed in a protected manner.
  • a direction and / or a strength of the magnetic field measurable by the at least one magnetic field sensor can be proportional. onal to change a voltage applied to the rotor shaft and / or the generator shaft torque. This allows easy translation of the measured magnetic field strength into the applied torque.
  • the magnetostrictive sensor is produced by means of "pulse current modulated encoding (PCME)." According to this method, the magnetization is carried out in a short time, resulting in a closed and permanent magnetic pattern in the shaft, without this in the mechanical Properties is changed.
  • a further magnetic track which serves to detect the speed and the angle of rotation. This has the advantage that together with the determined torque and the performance of the wind turbine can be determined.
  • Windkraftanalge invention or one of the aforementioned developments is that further provided an evaluation, which from a caused by torsion of the rotor shaft and / or the generator shaft change a magnetic field of the magnetostrictive sensor on the rotor shaft and / or the Generator shaft applied torque can be determined. With the determined torque, load conditions in the respective shaft can then be documented and used to increase the efficiency of the wind power plant.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a wind turbine with torque detection according to FIG. 1
  • Figure 2 illustrates a section of a wind turbine according to a second
  • FIG. 1 shows a wind turbine 100 which has a rotor 10, a gear 20 and a generator 30.
  • the rotor 10 is coupled to the transmission 20 via a rotor shaft 40.
  • the transmission 20 is coupled to the generator 30 via a generator shaft 50.
  • a magnetostrictive sensor 60 is disposed on the generator shaft 50.
  • the magnetostrictive sensor 60 consists of a magnetized region 61 of the generator shaft 50 and of a magnetic field sensor 62.
  • the magnetic field sensor 62 comprises at least one coil which detects changes in the magnetic field strength or changes in the magnetic field direction.
  • the magnetization of the region 61 of the wave is preferably carried out using the method "pulse current modulated encoding" (PCME), in which the wave is coded once with a special pulse frequency pattern, thereby producing a self-contained and permanent magnetic pattern in the wave. without changing the mechanical properties of the shaft
  • PCME pulse current modulated encoding
  • the measurement with the magnetostrictive sensor is based on the magnetostrictive effect that occurs when a ferromagnetic crystal is magnetized, with a change in shape of the magnetized crystal as the field strength increases. This is based on the fact that in the so-called Mullschen districts the direction of magnetization rotates and its boundaries are shifted. This results in a Change in shape of the ferromagnetic body. Conversely, changes in the magnetization result from the application of mechanical forces, so that a magnetic field structure stored in the shaft changes when a torque is applied, which is utilized for the measurement.
  • the PCME sensor has a number of advantages. It is capable of measuring torques without contact, and this can be done over a wide operating temperature range of -50 ° C to over + 250 ° C.
  • the sensor is insensitive to dirt, oil, water and mechanical shock loads and has a very high measuring accuracy.
  • the magnetostrictive sensor thus consists of a primary sensor in a region of the shaft which is magnetically coded.
  • the shaft should be made of ferromagnetic material for the PCME process, which provides a good basis for a PCME sensor.
  • the primary sensor converts the applied forces into a magnetic signal that can be detected on the surface of the shaft.
  • the shaft can be designed as a hollow shaft Volloder.
  • the secondary sensor is an array of magnetic field sensors placed in the immediate vicinity of the magnetically encoded region of the shaft. Since the magnetic field sensors do not touch the shaft, the shaft can rotate freely. The secondary sensor converts changes in the magnetic field caused by forces in the primary sensor into electrical signals.
  • An electronic unit is connected to the magnetic field sensor coils and serves for the further processing of the output signals from the coils.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment 200 of the wind turbine according to the invention in the neck.
  • a magnetostrictive torque sensor 65 is also arranged on the rotor shaft 40.
  • the magnetostrictive sensor 65 comprises, as a primary sensor, the axial magnetized region 66 of the rotor shaft 40, which is here designed as a hollow shaft, for example, and the magnetic sensor 67 as a secondary sensor.
  • the sensor 60 on the generator shaft 60 comprises, as a primary sensor, two magnetized regions 61 arranged axially one behind the other. which are separated by a delimiting area 70.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une éolienne comprenant un rotor, une transmission, un générateur, un arbre de rotor disposé entre le rotor et la transmission et un premier capteur magnétorestrictif qui est monté sur l'arbre du générateur ou sur l'arbre du rotor.
EP11738406.5A 2010-08-04 2011-07-28 Éolienne à détection de couple Withdrawn EP2601492A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010033308A DE102010033308A1 (de) 2010-08-04 2010-08-04 Windkraftanlage mit Drehmomenterfassung
PCT/EP2011/003798 WO2012016664A2 (fr) 2010-08-04 2011-07-28 Éolienne à détection de couple

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2601492A2 true EP2601492A2 (fr) 2013-06-12

Family

ID=44629342

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11738406.5A Withdrawn EP2601492A2 (fr) 2010-08-04 2011-07-28 Éolienne à détection de couple

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2601492A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010033308A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012016664A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015202240B3 (de) * 2015-02-09 2016-02-25 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Anordnung zur Messung einer Kraft oder eines Momentes mit mindestens drei Magnetfeldsensoren
CN109313006B (zh) 2016-05-17 2021-02-02 康斯博格股份有限公司 用于高准确度磁位置感测的系统、方法和物体
US11486776B2 (en) 2016-12-12 2022-11-01 Kongsberg Inc. Dual-band magnetoelastic torque sensor
EP4028739B1 (fr) 2019-09-13 2024-10-30 BRP Megatech Industries Inc. Ensemble capteur de couple magnétostrictif pour réduire une erreur magnétique due à des harmoniques
WO2021161066A1 (fr) 2020-02-11 2021-08-19 Ka Group Ag Capteur de couple magnétoélastique à mesure locale du champ magnétique ambiant
DE102020211141A1 (de) 2020-09-03 2022-03-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ermitteln einer effizienz und/oder zum kalibrieren eines drehmoments eines rotierenden antriebsstrangs, insbesondere einer windenergieanlage
DE102022101135A1 (de) 2022-01-19 2023-07-20 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Drehmoment- und Drehzahlmessanordnung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007046749A1 (de) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Schaeffler Kg Antriebseinrichtung mit einer Antriebswelle und einer Einrichtung zur Erfassung eines Drehmoments
DE102008007519A1 (de) * 2008-02-05 2009-08-13 Nordex Energy Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Überwachung der Drehzahl bei einer Windenergieanlage
US8109722B2 (en) * 2008-03-24 2012-02-07 Nordic Windpower Ltd. Turbine and system for generating power from fluid flow and method therefor
US8020455B2 (en) * 2008-06-06 2011-09-20 General Electric Company Magnetostrictive sensing systems and methods for encoding

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2012016664A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012016664A2 (fr) 2012-02-09
WO2012016664A3 (fr) 2012-05-10
DE102010033308A1 (de) 2012-02-09

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