EP2662479B1 - Weaving machine with leno devices - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing a fabric.

Such devices for fabric production are known as conventional weaving machines. Such a weaving machine comprises a plurality of web shafts driven in opposite directions, wherein a plurality of loin heddles are arranged side by side on the heald frames, the warp threads being guided by the heddles, which run off from the warp beam. The shafts run counter to each other, so that in such an opposite movement of the shafts through the weaving loops with the therein guided warp threads a compartment is stretched. Through this clamped tray a weft thread is guided, for example by means of grippers or by air. Such machines are then called either gripper or air machines. After the introduction of each shot, the weft thread is struck against the fabric by the reed on the weaving machine.

From the JPS 44 15 021 Y1 However, a fabric is known in which at each weft insertion a different number of weft threads are tied by the leno or warp threads.

Such a known weaving machine requires a considerable drive power, which is essentially conditioned by the up and down movement of the heddle shafts with the heddles arranged thereon. In some cases, drive powers of 70 kW and more are required. Another disadvantage is that with such conventional looms only a common fabric (cloth weave) can be produced.

From the DE 100 03 919 A1 is a loom known in which the weft thread is tied in the fabric by a Halbdreherbindung. For this purpose, the loom on a plurality of juxtaposed Dreherbindungsvorrichtung on, however, are driven centrally by a drive.

A similar loom shows the GB 2124664 A , There are a plurality of juxtaposed, meshing discs are provided, which are driven centrally by a drive pulley. The discs each have two diagonally opposite openings for the leno threads.

The DE 100 34 355 A1 describes within the fabric on a weaving loom pairwise leno edger apparatuses, so that after cutting the tissue between the edge forming apparatus each tissue has a leno selvedge.

From the EP 1052317 A1 a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known. Such a device is characterized in detail by two successively arranged coils, wherein the thread of the rear coil is guided around by an arm around the front coil and twisted around the thread of the front coil so as to bind the weft thread in the region of rotation of the two threads ,

The object underlying the invention is to provide a device for producing a fabric which, on the one hand, has a relatively low drive power and, moreover, opens up the possibility of providing a fabric in which a pattern can be woven. In addition, the fabric web over a substantial part of its width should have a uniform as possible strength or tension. In the manufacture of fabrics on conventional weaving machines, it is such that the strength or tension of the fabric decreases to the fabric edge. The course of the tension of the fabric over the width of a fabric web is also referred to as a tension bow, ie the course of the tension drops from a crest line in the middle of the fabric web at the edge of the fabric to continuously arcuate, without the tension at the edge becoming zero. In particular, in certain technical applications, a fabric web with a pronounced arcuate course can not be used. This applies z. B. for technical fabrics of glass fibers, which are also used as reinforcing mesh, z. B. in concrete structures, are used. Also, such a prior art fabric in the edge region is not tight on the tree from the fabric take-off, causing wrinkling can lead in the edge area. Wrinkled fabrics can only be conditionally processed.

To achieve the object, a device according to the wording of claim 1 is proposed according to the invention. Such a device for producing a fabric comprises a plurality of on at least one carrier juxtaposed, automatically operating devices for producing a leno weave (leno bonding device). Each leno binding device is fed with two leno threads, wherein the device for producing the fabric has at least one weft insertion device, wherein the weft thread is inserted into the compartment of leno threads spanned by a plurality of leno binding devices. The weft thread is tied across the width of the fabric at several points behind the weft by several leno bonding devices, each with two leno threads. To achieve a uniform warp tension over the width of the fabric at least one of the arranged in the edge region of the fabric leno bonding devices performs a higher number of wraps than at least one arranged in the central region of the fabric leno bonding device. In the following, the two threads for the setting of the weft thread are referred to as leno threads. Often they are also named as leno and standing threads.

Alternatively, to achieve a comparative warp tension curve, the closure can be made by the leno bonding device across the width of the fabric at different times. A comparable warp tension curve can also be achieved by a combination of several wraps with a temporally different closure.

With regard to the setting of the weft, d. H. the closing of the compartment, at different times is provided in particular that in the edge region of the closure by the leno binding device takes place earlier than in the central region to restrict the possibility of movement of the weft thread. Towards the center of the fabric, the weft thread has more time to yield, thus resulting in a uniform stress profile across the width of the fabric.

The device for feeding the leno threads may be a warp beam or a plurality of spools loaded with threads. Working independently means here that each leno binding device has its own drive. This in contrast z. B. to loams that are driven by the stems foreign.

The drive power of such single leno binding devices is about 10 watts. Even with the arrangement of 30 or 40 such leno binding devices next to each other on a support only a fraction of the drive power is required, which requires a conventional weaving machine with opposite up and down moving heddles. The reason for this lies essentially in the fact that the moving mass of the individual leno binding devices compared to the moving mass in a conventional loom with heddle and the attached heddles is much lower. Due to the lower moving masses and the concomitant possibility of higher speeds, there is also the option of having such leno bonding devices set several times between the entry of two weft threads. With such Lenhergeweben or Mehrfachdrehergeweben, ie fabrics in which between the individual weft threads, the two leno threads are interlaced several times with each other, it is possible a much higher resistance to displacement and to create a clearly open textile structure. Applications for such open tissue arise z. B. in textile-reinforced concrete, as Putzarmierung or z. B. as agricultural textiles. Leno fabrics have previously been made with conventional leno harnesses, but this only allows very low production speeds of only about 200 rounds per minute. Even if one disregards the low production speed, only half-turn bonds can be produced with these conventional leno harnesses. In a Halbdreherbindung the leno threads are twisted once between the weft threads. Although such a bond is also characterized by a certain strength, which also makes it possible to produce so-called open tissue, ie tissue that represents a porous fabric. However, as already explained, the resistance to displacement is nevertheless insufficient for some applications. The use of such leno-binding devices, as described above, and here in particular in the form of so-called propeller-type rotors, makes it possible to produce extremely non-displaced, open fabrics which meet the highest mechanical requirements.

Such a propeller rotator is characterized by an electric motor having a rotor, wherein the rotor comprises two diagonally opposite wings to form a propeller, wherein the wings each end have an eye for guiding the two leno threads. It has been found that, in particular, glass yarns can be processed with such leno weaving devices without the risk of breakage of such yarns during processing. Another advantage of using the leno bonding devices of the invention is that the strength of the fabric is adjustable across the width of the fabric webs. This insofar as the number of wraps of the leno threads after each weft yarn yield is freely selectable to a certain extent, and consequently also the strength of the fabric is adjustable. It has been stated in relation to the prior art that the tension and strength values of a conventional fabric decrease continuously from the center to the edge. The course of the stress and strength values across the width is therefore, as already stated, arcuate. By using the leno bonding devices according to the invention, the voltage profile can be made constant; ie, the fabric web has over a greater width equal strength and tension. It follows that a higher strength in the edge region z. B. can be achieved either by the fact that the number of wraps of the leno threads is increased towards the edge, or in the middle of the fabric, the number of wraps of the leno threads is reduced, so as to reduce the strength and stress level, but over to achieve a greater width almost equal values. Alternatively or additionally, the setting over the width of the fabric by individual leno bonding devices can be made at different times, as already described.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention for producing a fabric is characterized in that the device has a second carrier parallel to the first carrier, wherein the two carriers are approximately in a horizontal plane to each other, wherein on the first front support more of Lath binding devices are arranged on a gap, wherein the second carrier also has a plurality of leno bonding devices arranged side by side, wherein the leno bonding devices are arranged on the second carrier in the gaps between the leno bonding devices on the first carrier. The leno binding devices have one certain diameter. The diameter is essentially determined by the size of the motor, and in particular by the radial extent of the propeller.

The fact that the individual leno binding devices are arranged side by side on the carrier gap, it is possible behind a second carrier in the horizontal plane of the first carrier to order on this carrier exactly in the gap between the Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen of the first carrier, the leno binding devices on the to arrange second carrier. This means that the distance between the binding rows can be reduced with each other, with the result that the porosity of the fabric is very extensively adjustable.

• Die Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen auf dem zweiten Träger befinden sich nach hinten beabstandet zu den Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen auf dem ersten Träger. Dies hat zur Folge, dass das durch die Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen auf dem zweiten Träger ausgespannte Fach in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Gewerbekante eine geringere Höhe aufweist als das Fach, das von den Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen auf dem ersten Träger gebildet wird. Ist nun vorgesehen, dass das durch die Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen auf dem zweiten Träger gebildete Fach größer ist als das von den Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen auf dem ersten Träger aufgespannte Fach, dann kann hierdurch die unterschiedliche Fachgröße aufgrund der hintereinander versetzt angeordneten Reihen von Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen kompensiert werden. In diesem Zusammenhang wird noch einmal darauf hingewiesen, dass insbesondere Propellerdreher zum Einsatz gelangen sollen, wobei vorteilhaft ist, dass bei einem solchen Propellerdreher lediglich der Propeller vergrößert werden muss, um ein großes Fach bereitstellen zu können.

It has already been pointed out that the leno bonding device has a device for rotatably receiving leno threads. According to a particularly advantageous feature, it is provided that the means for receiving the leno threads in the leno binding devices are formed on the second carrier of the shape that the tray formed by them is larger than the compartment of the leno binding devices on the first carrier. In terms of a propeller, this means that the propeller is larger. This against the following background:

• The leno bonding devices on the second carrier are rearwardly spaced from the leno bonding devices on the first carrier. As a result, the compartment, which is stretched by the leno-tie devices on the second carrier, has a lower height in the immediate vicinity of the commercial edge than the compartment formed by the leno-tie devices on the first carrier. Is now provided that by the Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen formed on the second carrier tray is greater than the spanned by the leno-binding devices on the first carrier tray, then this can be compensated for the different tray size due to the successively staggered rows of leno binding devices. In this context, it is again pointed out that in particular propeller rotors are to be used, wherein it is advantageous that in such a propeller only the propeller must be increased in order to provide a large compartment can.

According to a further feature of the invention, the device for producing a fabric comprises a reed, which serves to strike the weft thread to the tissue.

A fabric that can be produced with the device according to the invention is characterized in that a weft thread is tied across the width of the fabric at several points behind the weft thread before the reed by a plurality of leno binding devices, each with two leno threads, wherein by the leno binding device each are connected by a leno binding device two leno threads by a different number of wraps together. As a result, over the width of the fabric, each leno binding device that receives a leno thread pair can set the weft with a different number of wraps. So z. B. be provided, as already explained elsewhere, to increase the edge region, the number of wraps to achieve a constant voltage curve across the width of the fabric. That is, it takes place here, a homogenization of the arcuate sloping voltage curve to the sides of a tissue instead. This happens because in the edge area by an increased number of wraps the Leno threads with each other over the central region of a fabric a substantially constant width over the width of the voltage profile can be achieved. The number of wraps here can be freely combined between half a loop, ie a wrap of the two leno threads by 180 ° with wraps, which are also a multiple of 360 °.

To even out the arcuate stress curve, it may also be provided to effect the setting of the weft thread over the width of the fabric at different times. In particular, the setting of the weft thread, and consequently the closure in the edge region, can take place earlier than in the middle region of the fabric. The edge area of the fabric comprises about 20% -30% of the fabric width.

Fig. 1

zeigt die Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Gewebes in einer schematischen Darstellung;

Fig. 2

zeigt eine Anzahl von Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen aus Fig. 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung;

Fig. 3

zeigt den bogenförmigen Spannungs- und Festigkeitsverlauf über die Breite des Gewebes;

Fig. 4

zeigt beispielhaft ein Gewebe, bei dem die Dreherfadenpaare mehrere nebeneinander angeordneter Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von Umschlingungen aufweisen.

With reference to the drawings, the invention will be explained in more detail below by way of example.

Fig. 1

shows the device for producing a fabric in a schematic representation;

Fig. 2

shows a number of leno bonding devices Fig. 1 in an enlarged view;

Fig. 3

shows the arcuate stress and strength profile across the width of the fabric;

Fig. 4

shows an example of a fabric in which the leno thread pairs of a plurality of juxtaposed leno binding devices have a different number of wraps.

On the warp beam 1 are the two leno threads 2 and 3. However, it is also conceivable to provide coils for receiving the leno threads. The leno threads 2 and 3 are fed to the leno binding devices designated 10. Across the width of the fabric are a plurality of such leno bonding devices 10 arranged side by side on a support 12. Parallel to this carrier 12 is located at the same height a second carrier 15 with also arranged thereon Dreherbindungsvorrichtungen 10. The leno bonding devices 10 on the two carriers are basically the same design. There is a spacing between the leno bonding devices 10 arranged on the carrier 12, the distance being such that the leno bonding devices 10 arranged on the carrier 15 can also form a compartment in the gap between each two leno bonding devices 10 on the carrier 12. That means there must be room for the rotation of the propeller. It has already been pointed out that the leno-binding devices arranged on the carrier 15 can have a propeller which has a greater radial extent than the propeller of the leno-binding devices 10 on the carrier 12. This is against the background that the carrier 15 reaches the edge of the fabric the arrow 20 is marked, has a greater distance. That is, the tray would be directly on the fabric edge correspondingly smaller than the tray that is spanned by the leno bonding devices 10 on the carrier 12. This can be compensated by a larger propeller. In addition, the device has a reed 30, which is known to serve to hit the inserted into the tray weft 40 to the tissue. The finished fabric is taken up by the fabric take-off tree 60.

Out Fig. 2 Specifically, the formation of the leno bonding device 10 as a propeller turner. A propeller rotator comprises the electric motor 11 with the propeller 14 arranged on the rotor of the motor. The propeller 14 presents itself as an arm, which shows two diametrically opposite eyelets 13 at the end, through which the leno threads 2, 3 are guided. In addition, the propeller in the front region a guide 19, which consists of two mutually parallel guide rods 19 a and 19 b, between which the Dreherfäden are led, as this directly in the view of Fig. 2 results. The propeller turns to make the setting of the weft thread, etc. several times in one direction. Here, the leno threads twist on the feed side of the threads to the propeller turner, so to speak, on the back of the propeller turner. After shooting the next weft thread, the rotation of the propeller is in the opposite direction, ie, the twist on the back of the propeller rotator is canceled.

Fig. 3 shows a diagram in which the warp tension is plotted across the width of the fabric. Visible here is the arcuate stress profile across the width of a fabric according to the prior art. Also drawn is a course of the warp tension across the width of the fabric, in which the tension is constant or at least substantially constant over the width of the fabric.

Fig. 4 schematically shows the different manner of bonding a weft thread across the width of the fabric. Here, the arrow 100 denotes a Halbdreherbindung, with the arrow 200 a Volldreherbindung. These aforementioned types of binding can be combined with one another as desired across the width of the fabric, ie, for example, half-turn bindings and, at other locations, full-turn bonds can be provided at different locations. It is also conceivable to provide multiple bonds of Volldreherbindungen, ie bonds with an integer multiple of 360 °.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

warp beam

2, 3

leno threads

10

Leno weave devices

11

engine

12

first carrier

13

Eyelets of the propeller

14

propeller

15

second carrier

19

guide

19a, 19b

Guide rods of the guide 19

20

selvedge

30

reed

40

weft

60

Fabric take tree

100

Arrow for half-turn binding

200

Arrow for full turn binding

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for manufacturing a fabric comprising a plurality of automated leno devices disposed next to each other on at least one support for manufacturing a leno weave (10), wherein two leno threads (2, 3) are supplied to each leno device (10), wherein the apparatus for manufacturing the fabric has at least one apparatus for introducing weft threads, wherein the weft thread (40) is introduced into the shed of leno threads (2, 3) opened by several leno devices (10), wherein the weft thread (40) is knotted in several places along the width of the fabric behind the weft thread (40) to respectively two leno threads (2, 3) by several leno devices (10),
   characterized in that
   in order to achieve a homogenized warp tension curve along the width of the fabric, at least one of the leno devices (10) disposed in the edge region of the fabric carries out a greater number of enlacements than at least one leno device (10) disposed the central region of the fabric and/or in order to achieve a homogenized warp tension curve along the width of the fabric, the closing of the shed by the leno devices (10) is carried out at different points in time.
2. The apparatus for manufacturing a fabric according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the leno device (10) has an apparatus for twistable accommodation of the two leno threads (2, 3).
3. The apparatus for manufacturing a fabric according to claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the apparatus for twistable accommodation of the two leno threads (10) comprises a two-bladed propeller (14) with eyelets (13) at their ends for guiding the two leno threads (2, 3).
4. The apparatus for manufacturing a fabric according to one of the afore-mentioned claims,
   characterized in that
   the leno devices (10) are individually actuatable.
5. The apparatus for manufacturing a fabric according to one of the afore-mentioned claims,
   characterized in that
   the apparatus has a second support (15) running parallel to the first support (12), wherein the two supports (12, 15) are approximately located in one horizontal plane relative to each other, wherein several leno devices (10) are disposed in a staggered manner on the first front support (12), wherein the second support (15) also has a plurality of leno devices (10) disposed next to each other, wherein the leno devices (10) are disposed on the second support (15) in the gaps between the leno devices (10) on the first support (12).
6. The apparatus for manufacturing a fabric according to claim 5,
   characterized in that
   the apparatuses for accommodating the leno threads of the leno devices on the second support (15) are configured in such a manner that the shed opened by them is greater than the shed of the respective apparatuses for accommodating the leno threads of the leno devices on the first support (12).
7. The apparatus for manufacturing a fabric according to one of the afore-mentioned claims,
   characterized in that
   the apparatus for manufacturing a fabric has a reed (30).
8. The apparatus for manufacturing a fabric according to claim 4,
   characterized in that
   in the edge region of the fabric, the weft thread is knotted sooner by the leno devices (10) than in the central region of the fabric.

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