EP2655995A1 - Method for operating a furnace in a system for processing metal and system for processing metal - Google Patents
Method for operating a furnace in a system for processing metal and system for processing metalInfo
- Publication number
- EP2655995A1 EP2655995A1 EP11804698.6A EP11804698A EP2655995A1 EP 2655995 A1 EP2655995 A1 EP 2655995A1 EP 11804698 A EP11804698 A EP 11804698A EP 2655995 A1 EP2655995 A1 EP 2655995A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow path
- recuperator
- exhaust gas
- furnace
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
- F27B9/3011—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a furnace in a plant for metal processing, in particular in a continuous casting in which exhaust gas from the furnace along a flow path is passed through at least one recuperator, wherein preheated in the recuperator by means of the heat energy contained in the exhaust gas fresh air for the furnace and the heated air is supplied to the furnace and wherein the exhaust gas is passed in the flow direction behind the recuperator in a chimney.
- the invention relates to a plant for metal processing, in particular a continuous casting plant.
- the generic method is used in particular in continuous casting, which can be designed as so-called. CSP plants (Compact Strip Production).
- Such systems require at least one furnace, in which hot air is to be entered, which is heated by burners. Through the oven, the continuously cast slab is passed to be heated to a desired or required temperature.
- recuperators In order to reduce the energy required for heating the furnace air, it is known to use recuperators, wherein in a preferred embodiment of the plant three recuperators per oven are used. In the recuperator energy recovery takes place from the hot exhaust gas of the furnace, d. H. In the recuperator heat is removed from the exhaust gas and used to preheat the furnace air.
- the combustion air to be supplied to the furnace is heated in the recuperator from the hall temperature (about 30 ° C.) to about 450 ° C.
- the exhaust gas is cooled from about 900 ° C to about 700 ° C.
- Fig. 1 such a system is shown.
- the furnace 1 of a continuous casting plant (CSP furnace) through which the continuously cast metal strand is passed for the purpose of heating, can be seen.
- Hot exhaust gas A is discharged from the furnace and fed to a recuperator 2 via a flow path S.
- the fresh air F enters the oven 1.
- the fresh air F is heated in a known manner by means of a burner (not shown) to the required temperature.
- a preheating of the fresh air F by a heat transfer between the exhaust A and the fresh air F takes place.
- cooling air K (with ambient temperature), which is funded by a fan 1 1, cold air can be added to the exhaust gas A.
- the control of this process by means of a switchable valve 12.
- the said cooling takes place, if the exhaust gas A a certain temperature, for. B. 900 ° C exceeds. As a result, the temperature of the recuperator 2 reaching exhaust gas A is reduced and the recuperator 2 so protected or protected.
- preheated combustion air can escape into the environment via a hot air outlet 13. This is done by way of a controlled valve 14.
- a hot air outlet 13 By discharging combustion air via the hot air outlet 13, the pressure p in the flow path S "drops, but the pressure p is regulated to a desired value Level held, which is done by the control of the fan 10. If the pressure p thus decreases, more fresh air F is conveyed by the fan 10 and consequently more cold air is pumped into the recuperator 2. As a result, the temperature drops in the recuperator second
- the invention is in the light of the task of proposing a method for operating a furnace in a plant for metal processing and such a system, with or with the improved energy efficiency can be achieved. So it should be achieved an improved use of energy.
- the solution of this problem by the invention is according to the method characterized in that in the flow path for the exhaust gas from the furnace or a heat exchanger is arranged parallel to the flow path, supplied to the water and in which the water is heated, wherein the heated water or the steam generated is used to operate a plant for power generation or to be supplied to a consumer for hot water.
- a first preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in the flow path of the exhaust gas, the recuperator and the heat exchanger are arranged in series, wherein the exhaust gas is first passed through the recuperator and then through the heat exchanger.
- recuperator and the heat exchanger are arranged in series, but then the exhaust gas is first passed through the heat exchanger and then through the recuperator.
- a further alternative embodiment of the proposed idea is based on the fact that the heat exchanger is arranged in a second flow path parallel to the flow path, wherein exhaust gas is at least temporarily passed through the flow path and through the second flow path simultaneously.
- From the flow path of the preheated air for the furnace can also be controlled or regulated hot air to be discharged to the environment.
- the air pressure in the flow path of the preheated air for the furnace can be controlled or maintained at a predetermined value, wherein for controlling or regulating the air pressure, the volume flow of fresh air is influenced, which is supplied to the recuperator.
- the proposed plant for metal processing, in particular the continuous casting plant, according to the invention is characterized in that in the flow path or parallel to the flow path, a heat exchanger is arranged, wherein means for supplying water in an inlet of the heat exchanger are present, wherein a plant for power generation or means for Zu meeting of hot water to a consumer are present, which are connected to a drain of the heat exchanger.
- the plant for power generation includes in particular a steam turbine.
- a second flow path is arranged parallel to the flow path, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged in the second flow path and wherein at a branch point in which the second flow path branches off from the flow path, a controllable valve is arranged, which is formed, the exhaust gas with a predetermined amount in the two flow paths to guide.
- the exhaust gas is thus divided by the controllable valve in two flow paths.
- the waste heat of the kiln exhaust gas can be converted directly into electricity but also provided to the hot water supply of a consumer.
- the invention makes it possible to lower the temperature of the combustion air advantageously by passing hot exhaust gases through an additional valve through a second recuperator. As a result, components can be protected and the energy of the hot exhaust gases can still be used. In addition, this can preferably be dispensed with the reduction of the combustion air temperature. The system thus runs more stable overall.
- embodiments of the invention are shown.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a plant scheme for the operation of a furnace
- Fig. 2 shows schematically a system diagram for the furnace, after a first
- Embodiment of the invention works,
- Fig. 3 shows schematically a plant scheme for the furnace, which operates according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 4 shows schematically a system diagram for the furnace, which after a third
- Embodiment of the invention operates.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 show three different detailed concepts of how an oven 1 of a continuous casting plant can be operated in order to achieve an improved energy balance. They all based on the idea that in addition to at least one recuperator 2, a heat exchanger 4 is available, can be used with the residual heat from the exhaust gas A of the furnace 1 to produce either in a plant 5 for electricity generation electricity (is in the figures shown) or to use the residual heat to provide hot water to a consumer available (is not shown).
- recuperator 2 fresh air F is supplied, along a flow path S "through the recuperator 2 and further into the furnace. 1 is directed.
- a heat transfer from the exhaust gas A to the fresh air F takes place, so that the fresh furnace air (combustion air) is preheated.
- recuperators used reference is made to the state of the art. They each have a separate room for the two media between which heat is to be exchanged. Plate heat exchangers, in particular spiral heat exchangers, can be used.
- Pipe heat exchanger, jacket tube heat exchanger or countercurrent layer heat exchanger Pipe heat exchanger, jacket tube heat exchanger or countercurrent layer heat exchanger.
- a heat exchanger 4 is connected in series with the recuperator 2, d. H. the heat exchanger 4 is arranged in the flow path S, which leads from the furnace 1 to the chimney 3.
- the exhaust gas A is passed through the recuperator 2 and then the already cooled to about 700 ° C exhaust gas A through the heat exchanger 4.
- the heat exchanger 4 is supplied with water W via an inlet 6.
- the water W is heated and is converted into steam, which is supplied via a drain 7 of a plant 5 for power generation, comprising a steam turbine.
- the conversion of the energy in the steam into electricity is well known as such and need not be further deepened here.
- temperature control of the exhaust gas A behind the furnace 1 can also take place here - as in the prior art - by admixing cooling air K via a ventilator 11 and a switchable valve 12. It can also be provided that a hot air outlet 13 is opened via a switchable valve 14 in order to discharge heated fresh air and for the purpose of maintaining it of the pressure p to actuate the fan 10 accordingly, so that more cold fresh air F is conveyed into the flow path S ".
- the solution according to FIG. 3 is very similar to that according to FIG. 2.
- the difference here is that the heat exchanger 4 is arranged here for the heating of the water W here first after the furnace 1; the recuperator 2 follows only behind the heat exchanger 4, as seen in the flow direction in the flow path S. Via a valve 15 hot exhaust gas can be routed to the recuperator 2 around the heat exchanger 4, if required.
- the solution shown is also characterized by the fact that it is possible to first cool the exhaust gas A by heating water and converting it to steam and only then to supply the recuperator 2. Therefore, the preferred case is sketched in Fig.
- the second flow path S ' is thus arranged parallel to the flow path S, in which the heat exchanger 4 is placed.
- the second flow path S ' branches off.
- a controllable valve 9 is arranged. With the valve 9 can be specified to what extent exhaust gas is passed to the heat exchanger 4. Is the valve 9 closed, ie exhaust gas A is passed only through the flow path S, is exactly the situation before, as it corresponds to the prior art.
- the supply of exhaust gas A to the heat exchanger 4 can thus be prevented via the valve 9, 15 and all exhaust gas A can be guided via the recuperator 2.
- the combustion air can be reduced by passing the hot exhaust gas through the second recuperator by means of the valve 15. This protects the components and still allows the energy to be used. In addition, the indirect control to lower the combustion temperature by means of the hot air outlet is avoided, making the system more stable.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Ofens in einer Anlage zur Metallverarbeitung und Anlage zur Metallverarbeitung Method for operating a furnace in a metalworking plant and metalworking plant
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Ofens in einer Anlage zur Metallverarbeitung, insbesondere in einer Stranggießanlage, bei dem Abgas aus dem Ofen entlang eines Strömungsweges durch mindestens einen Rekuperator geleitet wird, wobei im Rekuperator mittels der im Abgas enthaltenen Wärmeenergie Frischluft für den Ofen vorgewärmt und die erwärmte Luft dem Ofen zugeführt wird und wobei das Abgas in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Rekuperator in einen Kamin geleitet wird. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Anlage zur Metallverarbeitung, insbesondere eine Stranggießanlage. Das gattungsgemäße Verfahren wird insbesondere in Stranggießanlagen eingesetzt, die als sog. CSP-Anlagen ausgeführt sein können (Compact Strip Production). Derartige Anlagen benötigen mindestens einen Ofen, in dem heiße Luft einzugeben ist, die mit Brennern erhitzt wird. Durch den Ofen wird die stranggegossene Bramme geleitet, um auf eine gewünschte bzw. benötigte Temperatur erwärmt zu werden. The invention relates to a method for operating a furnace in a plant for metal processing, in particular in a continuous casting in which exhaust gas from the furnace along a flow path is passed through at least one recuperator, wherein preheated in the recuperator by means of the heat energy contained in the exhaust gas fresh air for the furnace and the heated air is supplied to the furnace and wherein the exhaust gas is passed in the flow direction behind the recuperator in a chimney. Furthermore, the invention relates to a plant for metal processing, in particular a continuous casting plant. The generic method is used in particular in continuous casting, which can be designed as so-called. CSP plants (Compact Strip Production). Such systems require at least one furnace, in which hot air is to be entered, which is heated by burners. Through the oven, the continuously cast slab is passed to be heated to a desired or required temperature.
Um den Energieaufwand für die Erhitzung der Ofenluft zu reduzieren, ist es bekannt, Rekuperatoren einzusetzen, wobei bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Anlage drei Rekuperatoren pro Ofen eingesetzt werden. Im Rekuperator erfolgt die Energierückgewinnung aus dem heißen Abgas des Ofens, d. h. im Rekuperator wird dem Abgas Wärme entzogen und zur Vorwärmung der Ofenluft benutzt. In order to reduce the energy required for heating the furnace air, it is known to use recuperators, wherein in a preferred embodiment of the plant three recuperators per oven are used. In the recuperator energy recovery takes place from the hot exhaust gas of the furnace, d. H. In the recuperator heat is removed from the exhaust gas and used to preheat the furnace air.
Im Normalfall wird dabei die dem Ofen zuzuführende Verbrennungsluft im Rekuperator von Hallentemperatur (ca. 30 °C) auf ca. 450 °C erhitzt. Hierdurch wird das Abgas von ca. 900 °C auf ca. 700 °C abgekühlt. In Fig. 1 ist eine solche Anlage dargestellt. Zu sehen ist zunächst der Ofen 1 einer Stranggießanlage (CSP-Ofen), durch den der stranggegossene Metallstrang zwecks Erwärmung geleitet wird. Aus dem Ofen wird heißes Abgas A abgeführt und über einen Strömungsweg S einem Rekuperator 2 zugeleitet. Durch den Rekuperator 2 führt auch ein weiterer Strömungsweg S" für Frischluft F, die mittels eines Ventilators 10 als Brennerluft gefördert wird. Über den weiteren Verlauf des Strömungswegs S" gelangt die Frischluft F in den Ofen 1 . Dabei wird die Frischluft F in bekannter Weise mittels eines (nicht dargestellten) Brenners auf die benötigte Temperatur erhitzt. Allerdings erfolgt im Rekuperator 2 eine Vorwärmung der Frischluft F, indem ein Wärmeübergang zwischen dem Abgas A und der Frischluft F erfolgt. In the normal case, the combustion air to be supplied to the furnace is heated in the recuperator from the hall temperature (about 30 ° C.) to about 450 ° C. As a result, the exhaust gas is cooled from about 900 ° C to about 700 ° C. In Fig. 1 such a system is shown. First of all, the furnace 1 of a continuous casting plant (CSP furnace), through which the continuously cast metal strand is passed for the purpose of heating, can be seen. Hot exhaust gas A is discharged from the furnace and fed to a recuperator 2 via a flow path S. A further flow path S "for fresh air F, which is conveyed as burner air by means of a fan 10, also leads through the recuperator 2. Via the further course of the flow path S", the fresh air F enters the oven 1. In this case, the fresh air F is heated in a known manner by means of a burner (not shown) to the required temperature. However, in the recuperator 2, a preheating of the fresh air F by a heat transfer between the exhaust A and the fresh air F takes place.
Dabei ist es im gegebenen Falle nötig, den Rekuperator 2 und den (nicht dargestellten) Brenner vor zu hoher Temperatur des Abgases A zu schützen. Hierfür bieten sich zwei Mechanismen an, die in Fig. 1 skizziert sind. In this case, it is necessary to protect the recuperator 2 and the burner (not shown) from the exhaust gas A at too high a temperature. For this purpose, two mechanisms are available, which are outlined in FIG.
Über die Zufuhr von Kühlluft K (mit Umgebungstemperatur), die von einem Ventilator 1 1 gefördert wird, kann kalte Luft dem Abgas A beigemischt werden. Die Steuerung dieses Vorgangs erfolgt mittels eines schaltbaren Ventils 12. Die besagte Kühlung erfolgt, falls das Abgas A eine bestimmte Temperatur, z. B. 900 °C, übersteigt. Hierdurch wird die Temperatur des den Rekuperator 2 erreichenden Abgases A vermindert und der Rekuperator 2 so geschont bzw. geschützt. On the supply of cooling air K (with ambient temperature), which is funded by a fan 1 1, cold air can be added to the exhaust gas A. The control of this process by means of a switchable valve 12. The said cooling takes place, if the exhaust gas A a certain temperature, for. B. 900 ° C exceeds. As a result, the temperature of the recuperator 2 reaching exhaust gas A is reduced and the recuperator 2 so protected or protected.
Um die Brenner vor zu hoher Temperatur zu schützen (die dem Brenner zuzuführende Luft sollte nicht wärmer als ca. 450 °C sein), kann über einen Heißluftauslass 13 vorgewärmte Verbrennungsluft in die Umgebung entweichen. Dies erfolgt über ein gesteuertes Ventil 14. Durch das Ablassen von Verbrennungsluft über den Heißluftauslass 13 fällt der Druck p im Strömungsweg S" ab. Der Druck p wird allerdings über eine Regelung auf einem gewünschten Niveau gehalten, was durch die Ansteuerung des Ventilators 10 erfolgt. Fällt der Druck p also ab, wird mehr Frischluft F vom Ventilator 10 gefördert und folglich mehr kalte Luft in den Rekuperator 2 gepumpt. Hierdurch fällt die Temperatur im Rekuperator 2. In order to protect the burners from too high a temperature (the air to be supplied to the burner should not be warmer than approximately 450 ° C.), preheated combustion air can escape into the environment via a hot air outlet 13. This is done by way of a controlled valve 14. By discharging combustion air via the hot air outlet 13, the pressure p in the flow path S "drops, but the pressure p is regulated to a desired value Level held, which is done by the control of the fan 10. If the pressure p thus decreases, more fresh air F is conveyed by the fan 10 and consequently more cold air is pumped into the recuperator 2. As a result, the temperature drops in the recuperator second
Im Stand der Technik sind diese Vorgehensweise des Wärmetauschens mittels eines Rekuperators zur Erwärmung der Ofenluft hinlänglich beschrieben und entsprechende Vorrichtungen bekannt. Es wird exemplarisch auf die WO 2009/018476 A1 , auf die EP 0 078 446 A1 und auf die DE 697 12 009 T2 hingewiesen. In the prior art, this procedure of heat exchange by means of a recuperator for heating the furnace air are adequately described and corresponding devices known. By way of example, reference is made to WO 2009/018476 A1, to EP 0 078 446 A1 and to DE 697 12 009 T2.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass trotz der Vorwärmung der Ofenluft mittels des Ofenabgases im Rekuperator der Energieverbrauch noch zu hoch ist. Für die meisten Betriebspunkte hat das Abgas auch nach dem Rekuperator noch eine Temperatur von ca. 700 °C. Für einen konkreten Beispielsfall wurde ermittelt, dass die Energie des Abgases vor dem Rekuperator bis zu 18,5 MW beträgt. Hiervon werden 4,2 MW genutzt, um die Verbrennungsluft aufzuheizen. Die restlichen 14,3 MW Wärmeenergie, die das Abgas nach den Rekuperatoren noch hat, werden nicht genutzt. Weiterhin wird in einigen Betriebspunkten (beispielsweise in der Simulation bei leerem CSP-Ofen) zum Schutz der Brenner heiße Verbrennungsluft hinter dem Rekuperator abgelassen (wie oben bereits erläutert). Auch dadurch geht Wärmeenergie verloren. It has been found that despite the preheating of the furnace air by means of the kiln exhaust gas in the recuperator energy consumption is still too high. For most operating points, the exhaust gas still has a temperature of about 700 ° C even after the recuperator. For a specific example, it was determined that the energy of the exhaust gas before the recuperator is up to 18.5 MW. Of this, 4.2 MW are used to heat the combustion air. The remaining 14.3 MW thermal energy, which has the exhaust after the recuperators still are not used. Furthermore, in some operating points (for example, in the simulation with an empty CSP furnace) to protect the burner hot combustion air discharged behind the recuperator (as already explained above). This also causes heat energy to be lost.
Der Erfindung liegt im Lichte dessen die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Ofens in einer Anlage zur Metallverarbeitung und eine solche Anlage vorzuschlagen, mit dem bzw. mit der eine verbesserte Energieeffizienz erreicht werden kann. Es soll also eine verbesserte Nutzung der eingesetzten Energie erreicht werden. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe durch die Erfindung ist verfahrensgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Strömungsweg für das Abgas aus dem Ofen oder parallel zum Strömungsweg ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist, dem Wasser zugeführt und in dem das Wasser erwärmt wird, wobei das erwärmte Wasser oder der erzeugte Dampf verwendet wird, um eine Anlage zur Stromerzeugung zu betreiben oder um einem Verbraucher für warmes Wasser zugeleitet zu werden. The invention is in the light of the task of proposing a method for operating a furnace in a plant for metal processing and such a system, with or with the improved energy efficiency can be achieved. So it should be achieved an improved use of energy. The solution of this problem by the invention is according to the method characterized in that in the flow path for the exhaust gas from the furnace or a heat exchanger is arranged parallel to the flow path, supplied to the water and in which the water is heated, wherein the heated water or the steam generated is used to operate a plant for power generation or to be supplied to a consumer for hot water.
Eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht dabei vor, dass im Strömungsweg des Abgases der Rekuperator und der Wärmetauscher in Reihe angeordnet sind, wobei das Abgas zunächst durch den Rekuperator und anschließend durch den Wärmetauscher geleitet wird. A first preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in the flow path of the exhaust gas, the recuperator and the heat exchanger are arranged in series, wherein the exhaust gas is first passed through the recuperator and then through the heat exchanger.
Alternativ dazu ist es aber auch möglich, dass wiederum im Strömungsweg des Abgases der Rekuperator und der Wärmetauscher in Reihe angeordnet sind, wobei dann aber das Abgas zunächst durch den Wärmetauscher und anschließend durch den Rekuperator geleitet wird. Alternatively, it is also possible that again in the flow path of the exhaust gas, the recuperator and the heat exchanger are arranged in series, but then the exhaust gas is first passed through the heat exchanger and then through the recuperator.
Eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltung der vorgeschlagenen Idee stellt darauf ab, dass der Wärmetauscher in einem zum Strömungsweg parallelen zweiten Strömungsweg angeordnet ist, wobei Abgas zumindest zeitweise gleichzeitig durch den Strömungsweg und durch den zweiten Strömungsweg geleitet wird. A further alternative embodiment of the proposed idea is based on the fact that the heat exchanger is arranged in a second flow path parallel to the flow path, wherein exhaust gas is at least temporarily passed through the flow path and through the second flow path simultaneously.
In das Abgas kann in allen Fällen vor dessen Erreichen des Rekuperators und des Wärmetauscher gesteuert oder geregelt Kühlluft zugegeben werden. In the exhaust gas controlled cooling air can be added in all cases before reaching the recuperator and the heat exchanger.
Aus dem Strömungsweg der vorgewärmten Luft für den Ofen kann auch gesteuert oder geregelt Warmluft an die Umgebung abgelassen werden. From the flow path of the preheated air for the furnace can also be controlled or regulated hot air to be discharged to the environment.
Der Luftdruck im Strömungsweg der vorgewärmten Luft für den Ofen kann gesteuert oder geregelt auf einem vorgegebenen Wert gehalten werden, wobei zur Steuerung oder Regelung des Luftdrucks der Volumenstrom Frischluft beeinflusst wird, die dem Rekuperator zugeführt wird. Die vorgeschlagene Anlage zur Metallverarbeitung, insbesondere die Stranggießanlage, zeichnet sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch aus, dass im Strömungsweg oder parallel zum Strömungsweg ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist, wobei Mittel zum Zuführen von Wasser in einen Zulauf des Wärmetauschers vorhanden sind, wobei eine Anlage zur Stromerzeugung oder Mittel zum Zuleiten von Warmwasser zu einem Verbraucher vorhanden sind, die mit einem Ablauf des Wärmetauschers verbunden sind. The air pressure in the flow path of the preheated air for the furnace can be controlled or maintained at a predetermined value, wherein for controlling or regulating the air pressure, the volume flow of fresh air is influenced, which is supplied to the recuperator. The proposed plant for metal processing, in particular the continuous casting plant, according to the invention is characterized in that in the flow path or parallel to the flow path, a heat exchanger is arranged, wherein means for supplying water in an inlet of the heat exchanger are present, wherein a plant for power generation or means for Zuleiten of hot water to a consumer are present, which are connected to a drain of the heat exchanger.
Die Anlage zur Stromerzeugung umfasst dabei insbesondere eine Dampfturbine. The plant for power generation includes in particular a steam turbine.
Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass parallel zum Strömungsweg ein zweiter Strömungsweg angeordnet ist, wobei im zweiten Strömungsweg der Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist und wobei an einer Verzweigungsstelle, in der der zweite Strömungsweg vom Strömungsweg abzweigt, ein steuerbares Ventil angeordnet ist, das ausgebildet ist, das Abgas mit einer vorgegebenen Menge in die beiden Strömungswege zu leiten. Das Abgas wird also mittels des steuerbaren Ventils in zwei Strömungswege aufgeteilt. Furthermore, it can be provided that a second flow path is arranged parallel to the flow path, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged in the second flow path and wherein at a branch point in which the second flow path branches off from the flow path, a controllable valve is arranged, which is formed, the exhaust gas with a predetermined amount in the two flow paths to guide. The exhaust gas is thus divided by the controllable valve in two flow paths.
Mit dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren bzw. der entsprechenden Vorrichtung ist es möglich, die Restenergie des Ofenabgases sehr viel besser zu nutzen. Es ergibt sich folglich eine verbesserte Energiebilanz. Die Abwärme des Ofenabgases kann dabei direkt in Elektrizität umgewandelt werden aber auch zur Warmwasserversorgung eines Verbrauchers zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, die Temperatur der Verbrennungsluft vorteilhafterweise dadurch abzusenken, dass heiße Abgase über ein zusätzliches Ventil durch einen zweiten Rekuperator geleitet werden. Hierdurch können Bauteile geschützt und die Energie der heißen Abgase dennoch genutzt werden. Zudem kann hierdurch vorzugsweise auf die Senkung der Verbrennungslufttemperatur verzichtet werden. Das System läuft somit insgesamt stabiler. In den Zeichnungen sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. With the proposed method and the corresponding device, it is possible to use the residual energy of the furnace exhaust gas much better. This results in an improved energy balance. The waste heat of the kiln exhaust gas can be converted directly into electricity but also provided to the hot water supply of a consumer. The invention makes it possible to lower the temperature of the combustion air advantageously by passing hot exhaust gases through an additional valve through a second recuperator. As a result, components can be protected and the energy of the hot exhaust gases can still be used. In addition, this can preferably be dispensed with the reduction of the combustion air temperature. The system thus runs more stable overall. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1 schematisch ein Anlagenschema für den Betrieb eines Ofens einer Fig. 1 shows schematically a plant scheme for the operation of a furnace
Stranggießanlage, das nach dem Stand der Technik ausgeführt ist, Continuous casting plant, which is carried out according to the prior art,
Fig. 2 schematisch ein Anlagenschema für den Ofen, das nach einer ersten Fig. 2 shows schematically a system diagram for the furnace, after a first
Ausführungsform der Erfindung arbeitet, Embodiment of the invention works,
Fig. 3 schematisch ein Anlagenschema für den Ofen, das nach einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung arbeitet, und Fig. 3 shows schematically a plant scheme for the furnace, which operates according to a second embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 4 schematisch ein Anlagenschema für den Ofen, das nach einer dritten Fig. 4 shows schematically a system diagram for the furnace, which after a third
Ausführungsform der Erfindung arbeitet. Embodiment of the invention operates.
In den Figuren 2 bis 4 sind drei verschiedene Detailkonzepte dargestellt, wie ein Ofen 1 einer Stranggießanlage betrieben werden kann, um eine verbesserte Energiebilanz zu erreichen. Sie stellen alle auf den Gedanken ab, dass neben mindestens einem Rekuperator 2 ein Wärmetauscher 4 zur Verfügung steht, mit dem Restwärme aus dem Abgas A des Ofens 1 genutzt werden kann, um entweder in einer Anlage 5 zur Stromerzeugung Elektrizität herzustellen (ist in den Figuren dargestellt) oder die Restwärme zu nutzen, um Warmwasser einem Verbraucher zur Verfügung zu stellen (ist nicht dargestellt). FIGS. 2 to 4 show three different detailed concepts of how an oven 1 of a continuous casting plant can be operated in order to achieve an improved energy balance. They all based on the idea that in addition to at least one recuperator 2, a heat exchanger 4 is available, can be used with the residual heat from the exhaust gas A of the furnace 1 to produce either in a plant 5 for electricity generation electricity (is in the figures shown) or to use the residual heat to provide hot water to a consumer available (is not shown).
Der grundsätzliche Aufbau der Konzepte basiert zunächst auf demjenigen gemäß dem Stand der Technik, wie er in Fig. 1 dargestellt und oben beschrieben ist. Vom Ofen 1 wird hiernach Abgas A entlang eines Strömungsweges S in einen Rekuperator 2 geleitet. Dem Rekuperator 2 wird Frischluft F zugeführt, die entlang eines Strömungsweges S" durch den Rekuperator 2 und weiter in den Ofen 1 geleitet wird. Im Rekuperator 2 findet eine Wärmeübertragung vom Abgas A auf die Frischluft F statt, so dass die frische Ofenluft (Verbrennungsluft) vorgewärmt wird. Zu den zum Einsatz kommenden Rekuperatoren wird auf den Stand der Technik verwiesen. Sie besitzen für die beiden Medien, zwischen denen Wärme auszutauschen ist, je einen getrennten Raum. Zum Einsatz kommen können Plattenwärmeübertrager, insbesondere Spiralwärmeübertrager,The basic structure of the concepts is based initially on that according to the prior art, as shown in Fig. 1 and described above. From the furnace 1, exhaust gas A is then passed along a flow path S into a recuperator 2. The recuperator 2 fresh air F is supplied, along a flow path S "through the recuperator 2 and further into the furnace. 1 is directed. In the recuperator 2, a heat transfer from the exhaust gas A to the fresh air F takes place, so that the fresh furnace air (combustion air) is preheated. Regarding the recuperators used, reference is made to the state of the art. They each have a separate room for the two media between which heat is to be exchanged. Plate heat exchangers, in particular spiral heat exchangers, can be used.
Rohrwärmeübertrager, Mantelrohrwärmeübertrager oder Gegenstrom- Schichtwärmeübertrager. Pipe heat exchanger, jacket tube heat exchanger or countercurrent layer heat exchanger.
Gemäß der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Lösung wird nunmehr ein Wärmetauscher 4 in Reihe mit dem Rekuperator 2 geschaltet, d. h. der Wärmetauscher 4 ist im Strömungsweg S angeordnet, der von dem Ofen 1 zum Kamin 3 führt. Hierbei wird zunächst das Abgas A durch den Rekuperator 2 geleitet und anschließend das bereits etwa auf 700 °C abgekühlte Abgas A durch den Wärmetauscher 4. Auch für den Wärmetauscher kommen die oben für den Rekuperator genannten Ausgestaltungen in Frage. Dem Wärmetauscher 4 wird Wasser W über einen Zulauf 6 zugeführt. Im Wärmetauscher 4 erhitzt sich das Wasser W und wird in Dampf umgewandelt, der über einen Ablauf 7 einer Anlage 5 zur Stromerzeugung zugeführt wird, die eine Dampfturbine umfasst. Die Umwandlung der sich im Dampf befindlichen Energie in Strom ist als solches hinlänglich bekannt und braucht hier nicht weiter vertieft zu werden. According to the solution shown in Fig. 2 now a heat exchanger 4 is connected in series with the recuperator 2, d. H. the heat exchanger 4 is arranged in the flow path S, which leads from the furnace 1 to the chimney 3. In this case, first the exhaust gas A is passed through the recuperator 2 and then the already cooled to about 700 ° C exhaust gas A through the heat exchanger 4. Also for the heat exchanger, the above mentioned for the recuperator embodiments in question. The heat exchanger 4 is supplied with water W via an inlet 6. In the heat exchanger 4, the water W is heated and is converted into steam, which is supplied via a drain 7 of a plant 5 for power generation, comprising a steam turbine. The conversion of the energy in the steam into electricity is well known as such and need not be further deepened here.
Wie in Fig. 2 zu sehen ist, kann auch hier - wie im Stand der Technik - eine Temperierung des Abgases A hinter dem Ofen 1 erfolgen, indem Kühlluft K über einen Ventilator 1 1 und ein schaltbares Ventil 12 beigemischt wird. Ebenfalls kann vorgesehen sein, dass über ein schaltbares Ventil 14 ein Heißluftauslass 13 geöffnet wird, um erwärmte Frischluft abzulassen und zwecks Aufrechterhaltung des Drucks p den Ventilator 10 entsprechend zu betätigen, so dass mehr kalte Frischluft F in den Strömungsweg S" gefördert wird. As can be seen in FIG. 2, temperature control of the exhaust gas A behind the furnace 1 can also take place here - as in the prior art - by admixing cooling air K via a ventilator 11 and a switchable valve 12. It can also be provided that a hot air outlet 13 is opened via a switchable valve 14 in order to discharge heated fresh air and for the purpose of maintaining it of the pressure p to actuate the fan 10 accordingly, so that more cold fresh air F is conveyed into the flow path S ".
Die Lösung gemäß Fig. 3 ist derjenigen gemäß Fig. 2 sehr ähnlich. Der Unterschied besteht hier darin, dass der Wärmetauscher 4 für das Erhitzen des Wassers W hier als erstes nach dem Ofen 1 angeordnet ist; der Rekuperator 2 folgt erst hinter dem Wärmetauscher 4, gesehen in Strömungsrichtung im Strömungsweg S. Über ein Ventil 15 kann bei Bedarf heißes Abgas um den Wärmetauscher 4 herum zum Rekuperator 2 geleitet werden. Die dargestellte Lösung zeichnet sich auch dadurch aus, dass es möglich ist, das Abgas A zunächst durch Erhitzung von Wasser und Umwandlung desselben zu Dampf abzukühlen und erst dann dem Rekuperator 2 zuzuführen. Daher ist in Fig. 3 der bevorzugte Fall skizziert, dass auf die Zufuhr von Kühlluft K mittels Ventilator 1 1 und schaltbarem Ventil 12 verzichtet wird; das Vorabkühlen des Abgases A erfolgt also durch den Wärmetauscher 4. Allerdings sei erwähnt, dass die fragliche Anordnung 1 1 , 12 auch bei der Lösung gemäß Fig. 3 vorgesehen werden kann. The solution according to FIG. 3 is very similar to that according to FIG. 2. The difference here is that the heat exchanger 4 is arranged here for the heating of the water W here first after the furnace 1; the recuperator 2 follows only behind the heat exchanger 4, as seen in the flow direction in the flow path S. Via a valve 15 hot exhaust gas can be routed to the recuperator 2 around the heat exchanger 4, if required. The solution shown is also characterized by the fact that it is possible to first cool the exhaust gas A by heating water and converting it to steam and only then to supply the recuperator 2. Therefore, the preferred case is sketched in Fig. 3, that is dispensed with the supply of cooling air K by means of fan 1 1 and switchable valve 12; The pre-cooling of the exhaust gas A thus takes place through the heat exchanger 4. However, it should be mentioned that the arrangement in question 1 1, 12 can also be provided in the solution according to FIG. 3.
In Fig. 4 ist eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltung des Erfindungskonzepts illustriert. Hier ist vorgesehen, dass der Wärmetauscher 4 in einem zum Strömungsweg S parallelen zweiten Strömungsweg S' angeordnet ist.„Parallel" ist hier so zu verstehen, dass die Strömungswege S und S' vom Ofen mit Abgas A versorgt werden und unabhängig voneinander verlaufen. Das Abgas A wird hiernach zumindest zeitweise gleichzeitig durch den Strömungsweg S und durch den zweiten Strömungsweg S' geleitet. 4, a further alternative embodiment of the inventive concept is illustrated. Here, it is provided that the heat exchanger 4 is arranged in a second flow path S 'parallel to the flow path S. "Parallel" is to be understood here as meaning that the flow paths S and S' are supplied with exhaust gas A from the furnace and run independently of each other Exhaust A is thereafter at least temporarily passed through the flow path S and through the second flow path S 'simultaneously.
Wie zu erkennen ist, ist also parallel zum Strömungsweg S der zweite Strömungsweg S' angeordnet, in dem der Wärmetauscher 4 platziert ist. An einer Verzweigungsstelle 8 zweigt der zweite Strömungsweg S' ab. Hier ist ein steuerbares Ventil 9 angeordnet. Mit dem Ventil 9 kann vorgegeben werden, in welchem Umfang Abgas zum Wärmetauscher 4 geleitet wird. Ist das Ventil 9 geschlossen, d. h. wird Abgas A nur über den Strömungsweg S geleitet, liegt genau die Situation vor, wie sie dem Stand der Technik entspricht. As can be seen, the second flow path S 'is thus arranged parallel to the flow path S, in which the heat exchanger 4 is placed. At a branching point 8, the second flow path S 'branches off. Here is a controllable valve 9 is arranged. With the valve 9 can be specified to what extent exhaust gas is passed to the heat exchanger 4. Is the valve 9 closed, ie exhaust gas A is passed only through the flow path S, is exactly the situation before, as it corresponds to the prior art.
Für Betriebspunkte, in denen eine zusätzliche Wärmerückgewinnung aus dem Abgas A nicht gewünscht ist, kann also über das Ventil 9, 15 die Zufuhr von Abgas A zum Wärmetauscher 4 verhindert und alles Abgas A über den Rekuperator 2 geführt werden. For operating points in which additional heat recovery from the exhaust gas A is not desired, the supply of exhaust gas A to the heat exchanger 4 can thus be prevented via the valve 9, 15 and all exhaust gas A can be guided via the recuperator 2.
Anders ausgedrückt: Beim Stand der Technik muß Heißluft entweichen, um bei zu heißer Verbrennungsluft den Rekuperator und die Brenner zu schützen. Dadurch geht Energie verloren. In other words, in the prior art, hot air must escape to protect the recuperator and burners if the combustion air is too hot. As a result, energy is lost.
Bei den Verfahren, wie sie in Fig. 3 und 4 veranschaulicht sind, kann die Verbrennungsluft herabgesetzt werden, indem mithilfe des Ventils 15 das heiße Abgas durch den zweiten Rekuperator geleitet wird. Dadurch werden die Bauteile geschützt und trotzdem kann die Energie genutzt werden. Außerdem wird die indirekte Regelung zur Senkung der Verbrennungstemperatur mit Hilfe des Heißluftauslasses vermieden und dadurch das System stabiler. In the methods as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, the combustion air can be reduced by passing the hot exhaust gas through the second recuperator by means of the valve 15. This protects the components and still allows the energy to be used. In addition, the indirect control to lower the combustion temperature by means of the hot air outlet is avoided, making the system more stable.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Ofen 1 oven
2 Rekuperator 2 recuperator
3 Kamin 3 fireplace
4 Wärmetauscher 4 heat exchangers
5 Anlage zur Stromerzeugung 5 plant for power generation
6 Zulauf 6 inlet
7 Ablauf 7 expiration
8 Verzweigungsstelle 8 branch point
9 Ventil 9 valve
10 Ventilator 10 fans
1 1 Ventilator 1 1 fan
12 schaltbares Ventil 12 switchable valve
13 Heißluftauslass 13 hot air outlet
14 schaltbares Ventil 14 switchable valve
15 Ventil 15 valve
A Abgas A exhaust
F Frischluft Fresh air
W Wasser W water
K Kühlluft K cooling air
p Luftdruck p air pressure
S Strömungsweg S flow path
S' zweiter Strömungsweg S 'second flow path
S' Strömungsweg der vorgewärmten Luft für den Ofen S 'Flow path of preheated air for the oven
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010063839A DE102010063839A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Method for operating a furnace in a metalworking plant and metalworking plant |
| PCT/EP2011/073894 WO2012085258A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Method for operating a furnace in a system for processing metal and system for processing metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2655995A1 true EP2655995A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| EP2655995B1 EP2655995B1 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
Family
ID=45444609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11804698.6A Not-in-force EP2655995B1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Method for operating a furnace in a system for processing metal |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2655995B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010063839A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012085258A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102901367A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-01-30 | 重庆赛迪工业炉有限公司 | Preheater system for rotary hearth furnace |
| CN104697348B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-09-07 | 沈阳鑫博工业技术股份有限公司 | Baking furnace fume waste-heat recovery device and method |
| DE102016112103B4 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2019-08-22 | Thomas Kirchhöfer | High temperature furnace with heat recovery |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2192108A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1940-02-27 | Rekuperator Gmbh | Steel smelting furnace |
| DE1162391B (en) | 1958-12-17 | 1964-02-06 | Schmidt Sche Heissdampf | Method for utilizing the waste heat from shock or Waermoefen, Siemens-Martin-OEfen or the like. |
| GB974863A (en) * | 1959-12-01 | 1964-11-11 | Waagner Biro Ag | Improvements relating to industrial furnaces |
| US3039005A (en) | 1960-04-08 | 1962-06-12 | Ibm | Electro-optical device |
| US4340207A (en) | 1977-02-14 | 1982-07-20 | Dravo Corporation | Waste heat recovery apparatus |
| DE3142860A1 (en) | 1981-10-29 | 1983-05-11 | Italimpianti (Deutschland) Industrieanlagen GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | "METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREHEATING" |
| US4528012A (en) | 1984-01-30 | 1985-07-09 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Cogeneration from glass furnace waste heat recovery |
| US5235414A (en) | 1990-05-21 | 1993-08-10 | Control Data Corporation | Non-obtrusive programming monitor |
| IT1287570B1 (en) | 1996-10-11 | 1998-08-06 | Demag Italimpianti Spa | OVEN FOR PROCESSES AND TREATMENTS IN UNDERGROUND ATMOSPHERE |
| ZA200304880B (en) | 2003-02-24 | 2004-05-04 | Air Liquide | Integrated heat recovery systems and methods for increasing the efficiency of an oxygen-fired furnace. |
| US20090035712A1 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | Debski Paul D | Reheat Furnace System with Reduced Nitrogen Oxides Emissions |
-
2010
- 2010-12-22 DE DE102010063839A patent/DE102010063839A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-12-22 WO PCT/EP2011/073894 patent/WO2012085258A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-12-22 EP EP11804698.6A patent/EP2655995B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2012085258A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2655995B1 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| DE102010063839A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
| WO2012085258A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
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