EP2523775B1 - Method for machining bar or tube material or inserts for producing rotationally symmetrical workpieces - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for processing rod or pipe material or inserts for producing rotationally symmetrical, at least one axial contour portion having workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a grinding wheel for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Such a method is from the DE 103 48 410 A1 It is known that by a feed movement a cutting wheel section of the grinding wheel comes into engagement with a rod or pipe material to produce an end face or to chop off a previously machined workpiece. In a further processing step, after reaching or at least slightly traversing an axis of rotation of the rod or tube material, a profiling disc section of the grinding wheel is engaged on the rod or tube material by the cutting disc section by further advancing movement to produce the final shape of the workpiece.

A disadvantage of this known method, however, is that the production of the final shape of the workpiece, ie the contour by the profiling disc section of the grinding wheel in cases where the contour to be produced has large differences in level, due to the required high material removal leads to short service life or only low delivery speeds allowed, which in turn require long process times.

The object of the invention is to provide a comparison with the known method improved method that allows in particular the production of contours with large differences in level with long service lives and at the same time short process times or cycle times.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of patent claim 1.

The solution according to the invention provides that in a processing step of the workpiece by means of the cutting disk section a rough profiling of the workpiece is performed, and in a subsequent processing step by means of the at least one Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts the contour, in particular the final shape of the contour section is generated.

According to the invention thus takes over the cutting wheel section of the grinding wheel in terms of a roughing the majority of cutting power, which on the one hand a cycle time or process time shortening high cutting performance is possible, and on the other hand the Profilierungsscheibenabschnitt is relieved and thereby longer life can be achieved. The relief of the Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts results from the fact that only a finishing of the previously roughly produced contour sections of the workpiece is required. This can be realized for rod or pipe processing as well as for machining inserts an effective high-speed or high-performance grinding process.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the coarse profiling performed as axial and / or radial lancing, whereby a high cutting performance can be achieved.

According to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the grinding wheel has a plurality of profiling disk sections which are respectively adapted to contour sections of the workpiece, the contours of the respective contour sections of the workpiece being produced in separate processing steps. This simplifies, for example, the production of a complicated final shape of a contour section of the workpiece, by this final shape being produced in several processing steps, for example by means of two profiling disk sections.

1. a) zur Herstellung von mehreren Werkstücken das Stangen- oder Rohrmaterial beidseitig in einem Arbeitsraum eingespannt wird,
2. b) in einem Bearbeitungsschritt eine Grobprofilierung eines Stangen- oder Rohrabschnitts mittels des Trennscheibenabschnitts der Schleifscheibe durchgeführt wird,
3. c) anschließend der bearbeitete Stangen- oder Rohrabschnitt mittels des Trennscheibenabschnittes von dem Stangen- oder Rohrmaterial abgetrennt wird,
4. d) zur Herstellung eines Werkstücks aus dem abgetrennten Stangen- oder Rohrabschnitt eine weitere Grobprofilierung und/oder eine Endprofilierung entsprechend der Kontur eines Konturabschnitts des Werkstücks durchgeführt wird,
5. e) in weiteren Bearbeitungsschritten zur Herstellung eines weiteren Werkstücks aus dem unbearbeitete Stangen- oder Rohrmaterial eine Grobprofilierung mittels des Trennscheibenabschnitts und anschließend mittels des wenigstens einen Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts die Kontur des Konturabschnittes erzeugt wird, und
6. f) zur Herstellung weiterer Werkstücke mit dem Verfahrensschritt a) fortgefahren wird.

A particularly advantageous series production of identical workpieces from a rod or tube material results according to an embodiment of the invention by

1. a) for producing a plurality of workpieces, the rod or pipe material is clamped on both sides in a working space,
2. b) in a processing step, a rough profiling of a rod or pipe section is carried out by means of the cutting disc section of the grinding wheel,
3. c) subsequently the machined rod or tube section is separated from the rod or tube material by means of the cutting disc section,
4. d) a further rough profiling and / or an end profiling corresponding to the contour of a contour section of the workpiece is carried out for producing a workpiece from the severed rod or tube section,
5. e) in further processing steps for producing a further workpiece from the unprocessed rod or tube material, a rough profiling by means of the cutting disc section and then by means of the at least one Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts the contour of the contour section is generated, and
6. f) for the production of further workpieces with the method step a) is continued.

Since both a rough profiling and a parting or cutting off a machined rod or tube material with the same tool, namely performed with the cutting wheel section of the grinding wheel in successive processing steps, only short delivery paths for performing the cutting and roughing are required, causing the Shorten cycle times or process times.

It is particularly advantageous if the end profiling according to method step d) and the processing steps according to method step e) are carried out simultaneously, resulting in a considerable shortening of the cycle times or the process times. In this case, it is preferably advantageous for adapting the coarse profiling to the contour of the contour section of the workpiece if a coarse profiling is carried out by means of the cutting-edge section even before the end profiling.

In order to achieve the significant shortening of the cycle times or the process times, it is necessary according to an advantageous development of the invention to carry out the final profiling by means of a further grinding wheel. In this case, this further grinding wheel preferably has at least one profiling disk section corresponding to the contour of a contour section of the workpiece.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the grinding wheel on several Profilierungsscheibenabschnitte, with which in each case a contour of a contour section of the workpiece is generated. This makes it possible to create complicated contours with one and the same tool.

According to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous to form the cutting wheel section of the grinding wheel as a roughing wheel.

A grinding wheel for processing rod or pipe material or inserts has the implementation of the method according to the invention a cutting disc section and at least one Profilierungsscheibenabschnitt.

In this case, preferably, the grinding wheel is formed with a base body which has at least one Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts in the peripheral region an annular abrasive coating, wherein the cutting disc section is connected as a disc-shaped insert exchangeable with the body.

According to a development of the invention, an annular abrasive coating is arranged in the entire circumferential region of the cutting disk section or only in a partial region of the peripheral region of the cutting disk section.

Preferably, the abrasive coatings are formed as CBN or diamond coating.

Figur 1

eine Darstellung eines mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Werkstücks,

Figuren 2 - 13

schematische Darstellungen der Bearbeitungsschritte zur Herstellung des Werkstücks gemäß Figur 1 aus Stangenmaterial als Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und

Figuren 14 - 19

schematische Darstellungen der Bearbeitungsschritte zur Herstellung des Werkstücks gemäß Figur 1 aus einem Einlegeteil als weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

The invention will be described below in detail by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

FIG. 1

a representation of a workpiece produced by the method according to the invention,

FIGS. 2 to 13

schematic representations of the processing steps for the preparation of the workpiece according to FIG. 1 of rod material as an embodiment of the invention, and

FIGS. 14-19

schematic representations of the processing steps for the preparation of the workpiece according to FIG. 1 from an insert as a further embodiment of the invention.

The rotationally symmetrical workpiece 1 produced according to the invention from a rod material 10 according to FIG FIG. 1 has an outer contour, which is composed of different contour sections 2 to 7. A middle section 7 of the workpiece 1 consists of an unprocessed rod section, to each of which a plurality of contour sections 2 to 6 join on both sides. One end forms a cylindrical contour section 2, which is closed by a dome-shaped contour section 3. The opposite end also shows several contour sections 4, 5 and 6. The contour section 4 forms the end face with a chamfer, the contour section 5 describes a cylindrical shape, on the lateral surface as a further contour section 6 rotates a groove.

In the following, the processing steps in the production of such a workpiece 1 based on the FIGS. 2 to 13 explained.

In these FIGS. 2 to 13 Feeding and tensioning devices 40 and 41 of a device, not shown, are shown, with the bar material 10 is clamped on both sides. This device comprises a plurality of drives for driving the tensioning devices 40 and 41 as well as a grinding spindle carrying a grinding wheel 20 as well as another grinding wheel 30. In addition, a control device (not shown) for setting individual process parameters is present in order to run a fully automatic production process of the workpieces 1 as a series production.

The in the FIGS. 2 to 13 illustrated grinding wheel 20 has a plurality Profilierungsscheibenabschnitte 22, 23 and 24 and a cutting disc portion 21. Another grinding wheel 30 is also formed with a plurality of profiling disk sections 31 and 32. The Profilierungsscheibenabschnitte 22, 23 and 24 and the cutting wheel portion 21 of the grinding wheel 20 are formed on a common base body 25, wherein the Profilierungsscheibenabschnitte 22, 23 and 24 form a CBN coating or a diamond coating. The cutting wheel section 21 also has on its periphery a CBN coating or a diamond coating 21a. This blade portion 21 is mounted on the main body 25 to ensure easy interchangeability. In the same way, the further grinding wheel 30 is constructed, but without a cutting wheel section.

The FIGS. 2 to 13 show the ongoing serial production of the in FIG. 1 shown workpiece 1, in which the two ends are generated with the contour sections 2 and 3 or 4, 5 and 6 respectively in a separate manufacturing process. Therefore is in FIG. 2 a processed in a first manufacturing process free end of the rod material 10 with the contour sections 4 to 6 of the clamping device 41 and a second manufacturing process for producing the contour corresponding to the contour sections 2 and 3 of a hereinafter referred to by the reference numeral 1 'workpiece begun.

The bar stock 10 is driven in rotation and the cutting wheel section 21 is brought into engagement with the bar stock 10 with a feed movement in the direction of the arrow P, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 3 to 7 is shown so as to gradually perform a radial lancing grinding by means of the CBN or diamond coating 21 a of the cutting disc portion 21. In this case, this cutting wheel section 21 takes over as a roughing disc a large part of the cutting power for rough profiling in accordance with the contour of the contour sections 2 and 3 of the workpiece 1 'to be produced FIG. 1 ,

With the two processing steps according to the Figures 3 and 4 is the cylindrical contour of the contour section 2, which adjoins the unprocessed portion 7 of the workpiece 1 'roughly profiled. With the subsequent processing step according to FIG. 5 the start of the rough profiling of the contour according to the contour section 3 of the workpiece 1 'to be produced already takes place according to FIG FIG. 1 because in this processing step, the bar material 10 to a smaller diameter compared to the processing steps according to the Figures 3 and 4 is scrubbed (cf. FIG. 6 ). In the processing step according to FIG. 6 a parting operation takes place, preferably with rotating rod material 10. In this case, a feed movement takes place again in the direction of the arrow P (FIG. FIG. 1 ) until appropriate FIG. 6 the blade portion 21 reaches the rotation axis 11 of the rod material 10 or slightly has exceeded, but without the Profilierungsscheibenabschnitte 22, 23 and 24 come into engagement with the rod material 10. Subsequently, the continuation of the rough profiling of the workpiece 1 'according to the contour corresponding to the contour section 3, in which the rod material 10 relative to the last Grobprofilierungsschritt after FIG. 5 is scrubbed to an even smaller diameter to create a rough profiling corresponding to the dome-shaped end of the contour section 3.

According to FIG. 8 begins in a further manufacturing process, the profiling of the now free end of the rod material 10 for manufacturing the next workpiece 1 ", more precisely the contour corresponding to the contour sections 4, 5 and 6 and at the same time the generation of the final shape of the contour sections 2 and 3 of the clamping device 41 on one side clamped workpiece 1 'by means of the further grinding wheel 30th

For this purpose, the clamping device 41 is moved axially to increase the distance to the clamping device 40 in order to create a working space for the further grinding wheel 30. At the same time, the coarse profiling of the workpiece 1 "by means of the cutting disk section 21 begins by stepwise radial piercing grinding to produce a contour contour 5 corresponding coarse contour, as in the FIGS. 8 and 9 is shown. With this roughing, a large part of the cutting power required to produce the rough contour according to the contour section 5 is taken over by the cutting wheel section 21 used as a roughing wheel.

With the in FIG. 9 shown radial lancing loops by means of the cutting disc portion 21 is simultaneously by means of the Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts 31 of the further grinding wheel 30, a sizing of the scored peripheral surface to make the final shape corresponding to the contour portion 2 of the workpiece 1 'is performed. This sizing process is performed in the subsequent processing step FIG. 10 continued, in which by means of the profiling disc portion 32 of the grinding wheel 30, the dome-shaped end shape corresponding to the contour portion 3 of the workpiece 1 'is performed. With this processing step, the workpiece 1 'is completed.

With the processing step according to FIG. 10 For this purpose, the end face and the associated edge of the free end of the bar stock 10 are first sized and profiled according to the contour section 4 by means of the profiling disc section 22 of the grinding wheel 20.

In the processing step according to FIG. 11 the further sizing disk 30 is returned to its initial position and the production of the final shape of the workpiece 1 "is continued.For this purpose, the cylindrical contour corresponding to the contour section 5 is profiled and finished into the final shape by means of the profiling disk section 23 of the grinding wheel 20.

With a final processing step according to FIG. 12 the last contour according to the contour section 6 is produced by means of the profiling disk section 24, whereby the final shape of the contour defined by the contour sections 4, 5 and 6 is completed. With this last processing step, the finished workpiece 1 'is ejected from the clamping device 41.

Since on the workpiece 1 "still the section 7 opposite end must be profiled, according to FIG. 13 detected by the jig 41 of the jig 40 protruding part of the portion 7 and the rod material 10 is pulled out of the tensioning device 40 until a state according to FIG. 2 is reached, so now according to FIG. 3 the manufacturing process for profiling the workpiece 1 "according to the contour sections 2 and 3 is repeated.

The manufacturing process of workpieces 1 with an unprocessed bar stock is performed with a processing step according to FIG. 8 started in which first the bar stock 10 is clamped on one side only in the clamping device 40.

In the embodiment described above, the coarse profiling is carried out by means of the blade section 21 by radial lancing. In addition, it is also possible to carry out this rough profiling by means of axial piercing grinding as well as by means of pendulum grinding.

The grinding wheels 20 and 30 described in the exemplary embodiment rotate as a roughing and finishing wheel on a common grinding spindle. If necessary, more than two such grinding wheels can be provided as different types of tools on a common grinding spindle.

The FIGS. 14 to 19 show the processing steps for producing a workpiece 1 from an insert 10 instead of rod material. This is done according to the embodiment according to the FIGS. 2 to 13 a grinding wheel 20 with a cutting disk section 21 designed as a roughing wheel and with profiling disk sections 22, 23 and 24. The difference with the grinding wheel 20 according to the FIGS. 2 to 13 is merely that the diamond or CBN coating 21 a of the cutting disc portion 21 a does not occupy the entire width on the circumference of the cutting disc portion 21 as there, but, as in the FIGS. 14 to 19 is shown, only in a partial region of the peripheral region is formed such that the abrasive coating 21a can end face only in the direction of the insert 10 in contact with the same.

With this roughing disc 21, the insert 10 is pre-machined or roughly profiled before the final shape of the workpiece 1 according to the first embodiment is produced in subsequent processing steps by finishing by means of profiling disc sections 22, 23 and 24 of the grinding wheel 20.

In the FIGS. 14 to 19 is a feeding and tensioning device 40 of a device not shown, with which the insert 10 is clamped on one side. This device comprises a plurality of drives for driving the tensioning device 40 as well as a grinding spindle which carries the grinding wheel 20 with the cutting wheel portion 21 and the profiling disk portions 22, 23 and 24 as tools. In addition, a control device (not shown) for setting individual process parameters is present in order to run a fully automatic production process of the workpieces 1 as a series production.

The insert 10 is driven in rotation and brought the cutting disc portion 21 with a feed movement in the direction of the axis of rotation 10 in engagement with the insert 10, as shown in the FIGS. 15 and 16 is shown so as to gradually a radial lancing grinding by means of the CBN or Diamond lining 21 a of the cutting disc section 21 perform. In the process, this cutting-off wheel section 21 takes over a large part of the cutting power for rough profiling in accordance with the contour of the contour section 5 of the workpiece 1 to be produced, as a roughing wheel FIG. 1 ,

With the processing step according to FIG. 17 For this purpose, the end face and the associated edge of the free end of the rod material 10 for the preparation of the contour according to the contour section 4 is first sized and profiled by means of the Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts 22 of the grinding wheel 20.

In the processing step according to FIG. 18 the production of the final shape of the workpiece 1 is continued. For this purpose, the cylindrical contour corresponding to the contour section 5 is profiled and finished in the final shape by means of the Profilierungsscheibenabschnitts 23 of the grinding wheel 20.

With a final processing step according to FIG. 19 the last contour according to the contour section 6 is produced by means of the profiling disk section 24, whereby the final shape of the contour defined by the contour sections 4, 5 and 6 is completed.

As in the first described embodiment, it is also possible to use the rough profiling according to FIGS FIGS. 15 and 16 by means of axial lancing loops as well as by means of pendulum grinding.

In the exemplary embodiments described, a cutting disk section 21 formed as a roughing wheel comes metallically bonded CBN or diamond tools are used. For the profiling disk sections designed as a sizing disk, metallically bonded, galvanically bonded or ceramically bonded BCBN or diamond coverings or combinations thereof are used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

workpiece

1'

workpiece

1"

workpiece

2

Contour portion of the workpiece 1, 1 ', 1 "

3

Contour portion of the workpiece 1, 1 ', 1 "

4

Contour portion of the workpiece 1, 1 ', 1 "

5

Contour portion of the workpiece 1, 1 ', 1 "

6

Contour portion of the workpiece 1, 1 ', 1 "

7

unprocessed portion of the workpiece 1, 1 ', 1 "

10

Rod or pipe material or insert

11

Rotation axis of the rod or tube material 10

20

grinding wheel

21

Cutting disc section of the grinding wheel 20

22

Profilierungsscheibenabschnitt the grinding wheel 20th

23

Profilierungsscheibenabschnitt the grinding wheel 20th

24

Profilierungsscheibenabschnitt the grinding wheel 20th

25

Basic body of the grinding wheel 20

30

another grinding wheel

31

Profiling disc section of the grinding wheel 30

32

Profiling disc section of the grinding wheel 30

40

Feeding and tensioning device

41

Feeding and tensioning device

Claims (15)

1. Method for machining bar or tube material (10) or inserts (10) for production of rotationally symmetrical workpieces (1, 1', 1") comprising at least one axial contour section (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) by means of a grinding disc (20) comprising a cutoff disc section (21) and at least one profiling disc section (22, 23, 24) adapted to the axial contour section (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the workpiece (1, 1', 1"),
   characterised in that
   in one machining step on the workpiece (1, 1', 1") a coarse profiling of the workpiece (1, 1', 1") is carried out by means of the cutoff disc section (21), and in a subsequent machining step the contour of the contour section (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) is generated by means of the at least one profiling disc section (22, 23, 24).
2. Method according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the coarse profiling is carried out as axial and/or radial parting grinding.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the grinding disc (20) comprises several profiling sections (22, 23, 24) which are each adapted to contour sections (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the workpiece (1, 1', 1"), wherein the contours of the particular contour sections (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the workpiece (1, 1', 1") are generated in separate machining steps.
4. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that

   a) for production of several workpieces (1, 1', 1") the bar or tube material (10) is clamped in a workspace on both sides,

   b) in one machining step a coarse profiling of a bar or tube section is carried out by means of the cutoff disc section (21),

   c) the machined bar or tube section is then separated off from the bar or tube material (10) by means of the cutoff disc section (21),

   d) for production of a workpiece (1, 1', 1") from the bar or tube section which has been separated off, a further coarse profiling and/or a final profiling corresponding to the contour of a contour section (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the workpiece (1, 1', 1 ") is carried out,

   e) in further machining steps for production of a further workpiece (1, 1', 1") from the non-machined bar or tube material (10) a coarse profiling is generated by means of the cutoff disc section (21) and the contour of the contour section (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) is then generated by means of the at least one profiling disc section (22, 23, 24), and

   f) for production of further workpieces (1, 1', 1") the procedure is continued with method step a).
5. Method according to claim 4,
   characterised in that
   the final profiling according to method step d) and the machining steps according to method step e) are carried out simultaneously.
6. Method according to claim 5,
   characterised in that
   before the final profiling a coarse profiling is carried out by means of the cutoff disc section (21).
7. Method according to one of claims 4 to 6,
   characterised in that
   the final profiling is carried out by means of a further grinding disc (30).
8. Method according to claim 7,
   characterised in that
   the further grinding disc (30) comprises at least one profiling disc section (31, 32) corresponding to the contour of a contour section (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the workpiece (1, 1', 1").
9. Method according to claim 8,
   characterised in that
   the grinding disc (30) comprises several profiling disc sections (31, 32) with which in each case a contour of a contour section (2,3) of the workpiece (1, 1', ', 1 ") is generated.
10. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the cutoff disc section is configured as a roughing disc.
11. Use of a grinding disc (20)
    having a cutoff disc section (21) and at least one profiling disc section (22, 23, 24) for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 9.
12. Use according to claim 11,
    characterised in that
    the grinding disc (20) comprises at least one base body (25) which comprises an annular abrasive coat in the peripheral region for formation of at least one profiling disc section (22, 23, 24), wherein the cutoff disc section (21) is joined replaceably to the base body (25) as a disc-shaped insert.
13. Use according to claim 11,
    characterised in that
    an annular abrasive coat (21a) is arranged in the entire peripheral region of the cutoff disc section (21).
14. Use according to claim 11,
    characterised in that
    an annular abrasive coat (21a) is arranged in a part region of the peripheral region of the cutoff disc section (21).
15. Use according to claim 12, 13 or 14,
    characterised in that
    the abrasive coat (21 a) is constructed as a CBN or diamond coat.

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