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EP2507807B1 - Commutateur et agencement de commutation pour analyser au moins deux etats de commutation du commutateur - Google Patents

Commutateur et agencement de commutation pour analyser au moins deux etats de commutation du commutateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2507807B1
EP2507807B1 EP10784976.2A EP10784976A EP2507807B1 EP 2507807 B1 EP2507807 B1 EP 2507807B1 EP 10784976 A EP10784976 A EP 10784976A EP 2507807 B1 EP2507807 B1 EP 2507807B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
evaluation
circuit arrangement
connection points
switching states
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP10784976.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2507807A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Mueller
Juergen Bosch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
Original Assignee
Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
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Publication of EP2507807A1 publication Critical patent/EP2507807A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/0213—Combined operation of electric switch and variable impedance, e.g. resistor, capacitor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/40—Contact mounted so that its contact-making surface is flush with adjoining insulation
    • H01H1/403—Contacts forming part of a printed circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/01—Miscellaneous combined with other elements on the same substrate
    • H01H2239/012—Decoding impedances

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch referred to in the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding circuit arrangement for evaluating at least two switching states of such a switch.
  • Such circuit arrangements are known and are used, for example, for the evaluation of switching states of a steering column switch, which can be used inter alia for indicating the direction of travel and / or for actuating a windshield wiper system of a motor vehicle or the like.
  • the evaluation of a switching state or a corresponding switch position can be performed either analog or digital.
  • different nodes of the evaluation circuit are connected to each other or to a predetermined reference potential via a contact means of the switch in dependence on the respective switching state, whereby the electrical configuration of the evaluation circuit changes. This change can then be evaluated digitally or analogously, for example with a microprocessor comprehensive evaluation and control unit.
  • the font US 2004/227408 A1 discloses a rotary switch having a plurality of circularly arranged contacts, which are arranged coded.
  • the DE 9302047 U1 also shows a switching arrangement for a rotary switch with contacts which are arranged in a circular manner in a coded manner.
  • From the DE 10 2006 038 375 A1 is, for example, a circuit arrangement for evaluating at least two switching states of a switch having a predetermined number of different switching states and a predetermined number of contact surfaces, known in a motor vehicle.
  • the known circuit arrangement comprises two evaluation circuits with nodes, which are each connected to a contact surface of the switch.
  • a movable contact means of the switch connects depending on a currently set switching state, either different nodes of a first evaluation circuit with each other and / or with a predetermined reference potential or different nodes of a second evaluation circuit with each other and / or with a predetermined reference potential.
  • the number of contact surfaces used corresponds to the number of different switching states that can be set with the switch. This increases with the number of switching stages to be evaluated and the number of required contact surfaces, so that can be miniaturized the circuit arrangement and the corresponding switch bad.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a switch referred to in the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding circuit arrangement referred to in the preamble of claim 7 in such a way that a particularly simple miniaturization and reliable operation are possible.
  • connection points are lower than a predetermined number of switching states, wherein the different switching states are coded by the connectable connection points such that a connecting means at least one of the connection points and a maximum of two of the connection points simultaneously with the given Reference potential connects.
  • the connecting means changes in the embodiment according to the invention in a transition from one switch position to the next always only one connection point. This means that the connection means either leaves a connection point or reboots onto a connection point.
  • connection points can take place by the type of arrangement of the connection points such that only certain combinations of the different connection points represent a valid switch position or a valid switching state, so that all other combinations of connection points not used for the coding can each be assigned to a specific error state so that embodiments of the invention advantageously enable a high degree of diagnosability of the switching system.
  • the switching states for example, by networking with at least one row of resistance and by analog measurement, for example via at least one analog input of an evaluation and control unit, which includes, for example, a microprocessor, and / or by direct evaluation of the individual connection points, for example with digital inputs and / or analog inputs Evaluation and control unit are evaluated.
  • an evaluation and control unit which includes, for example, a microprocessor, and / or by direct evaluation of the individual connection points, for example with digital inputs and / or analog inputs Evaluation and control unit are evaluated.
  • connection points can be divided into at least two groups, wherein the simultaneously connected to the predetermined reference potential connection points belong to different groups.
  • the different groups of Connection points for detecting the current switching state and for diagnostic purposes with different evaluation circuits are coupled. This results in an advantageous manner, a partial redundancy of the evaluation circuits, which is particularly important for safety-related switching states. In an interruption of one of the two leads to the evaluation circuits, although not all switching states can be detected, but it can be recognized the interruption of the supply and done on the remaining evaluation a kind of "emergency mode" based on the still recognizable and distinguishable switching states.
  • the switch according to the invention is designed for example as a linear multi-stage slide switch and / or as a multi-stage rotary switch and / or as a digital potentiometer whose connection points are designed as contact surfaces.
  • the adjustable switching states of the designed as a linear multi-stage slide switch and / or as a multi-level rotary switch and / or as a digital potentiometer switch can be detected and evaluated via at least one transducer unit, which converts magnetic quantities into electrical quantities and / or optical variables into electrical quantities.
  • the at least one converter unit comprises, for example, at least one Hall sensor and / or at least one optocoupler.
  • the various groups of connection points for detecting the current switch position and for diagnostic purposes are coupled with different evaluation circuits.
  • the evaluation circuits comprise, for example, in each case a voltage divider with at least two resistors connected in series with each other, wherein between two nodes of the respective evaluation circuit in each case a resistor is arranged in order to distinguish the different switching states of the switch can.
  • At least one analog input and / or at least one digital input of an evaluation and control unit is connected directly or via a multiplexer to output nodes of the at least two evaluation circuits, wherein a physical quantity can be detected at the output node.
  • the various evaluation circuits can be evaluated at predetermined time intervals offset in time.
  • the number of required inputs of the evaluation and control circuit can be advantageously reduced or the number of evaluable evaluation circuits can be increased with the same number of inputs.
  • a movement of the connecting means on at least one output node of the at least two evaluation circuits causes a change in the measured physical quantity.
  • a capacitance value and / or an inductance value and / or a resistance value and / or a voltage value and / or a current value can be detected as the measured physical variable.
  • the switching states or switch positions can be detected and evaluated by networking with at least one row of resistors with corresponding resistance measurement or voltage measurement.
  • the evaluation and control unit assigns each valid switching state to a predetermined measured value range from the possible measured value ranges. Furthermore, the evaluation and control unit can in each case assign an error state to all other combinations of possible measured value ranges, which relates to at least one of the evaluation circuits. In addition, the evaluation and control unit in an emergency operation recognized as defective evaluation during evaluation no longer considered in an advantageous manner.
  • a first embodiment of a circuit arrangement 1 according to the invention is shown. How out Fig. 1 4, two evaluation circuits 5, 7 and an evaluation and control unit 3, the illustrated circuit arrangement 1 for the evaluation of seven switching states of a switch comprises.
  • the illustrated switch 10 is exemplified as a rotary switch with four executed as contact surfaces connecting points 12, 14, 16, 18 and a connecting means 15 which is connected to a ground contact 17.
  • the switch 10 may be performed in other embodiments, not shown, as a linear multi-stage slide switch and / or as a digital potentiometer.
  • embodiments of the invention may also relate to switches with more or fewer switching states or switch position.
  • the adjustable switching states can be detected and evaluated via at least one converter unit, which magnetic quantities in convert electrical quantities and / or optical quantities into electrical quantities.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic arrangement of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18, which are shown for reasons of clarity linear and not in a circular shape.
  • the switch 10 has seven different switching states S1 to S7 or switch positions, which are represented by horizontal dot-dash lines and indicated by their respective switching angle in degrees.
  • S1 to S7 an electrical connection between the voltage potential of the connecting means 15 (in this case ground) and the device can now be moved in the illustration according to the double arrow in the vertical direction with the aid of the connecting means 15, for example as a contact grinder At the height of the current position of the connecting means 15 located contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 made.
  • the predetermined number of contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 is lower than the predetermined number of switching states S1 to S7 of the switch 10, wherein the various switching states S1 to S7 are coded by the interconnectable contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 such in that the connecting means 15 simultaneously connects at least one of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 and a maximum of two of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 with the predetermined reference potential.
  • the two evaluation circuits 5, 7 each have a voltage divider with three resistors R1 to R3 or R4 to R6 connected in series with one another.
  • the two voltage dividers are each connected via a pull-up resistor R PU with a supply voltage U B.
  • a resistor R2, R3, or R5, R6 is arranged in each case.
  • the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 in in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment in split two groups, wherein the simultaneously connected to the predetermined reference potential pads 12, 14, 16, 18 belong to different groups.
  • the various groups of contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 for detecting the current switching state S1 to S7 and for diagnostic purposes with different evaluation circuits 5, 7 are coupled.
  • a first node arranged between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 of the first evaluation circuit 5 is connected to a first contact surface 12.
  • a second node arranged between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 of the first evaluation circuit 5 is connected to a third contact surface 16, and a third node arranged between the resistor R3 and the pull-up resistor R PU of the first evaluation circuit 5 is connected to a first analog input A1 of the evaluation and control unit 3 connected.
  • a fourth node arranged between the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 of the second evaluation circuit 7 is connected to a second contact surface 14.
  • a fifth node arranged between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 of the second evaluation circuit 7 is connected to a fourth contact surface 18 and a sixth node arranged between the resistor R6 and the pull-up resistor R PU of the second evaluation circuit 7 is connected to a second analog input A2 of the evaluation and control unit 3 connected.
  • the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 arranged so that they are connected alternately at a switch position or at a switching state S1, S3, S5, S7 only with the reference potential and at the subsequent switch position or at one on it following switching state S2, S4, S6 quasi each two of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 overlap, so are connected together with the reference potential.
  • the movement of the connecting means 15 causes the voltage applied to the first analog input A1 of the evaluation and control unit 3 to ground resistance and the second analog input A2 of the evaluation and control unit 3 changes resistance to ground.
  • the valid switching states S1 to S7 can be determined.
  • the type of arrangement of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 requires that only certain combinations of the resistance values to be measured at the two analog inputs A1, A2 represent a valid switching state S1 to S7 or a valid switch position. This means that all other combinations of resistance measurements can be declared invalid, taking into account certain tolerances.
  • Embodiments of the invention therefore allow a high degree of diagnosability of the switching system.
  • first valid switching state S1 only the first contact surface 12 and thus the first node of the first evaluation circuit 5 is connected via the connecting means 15 to ground.
  • the resistor R1 is short-circuited to ground, so that a resistance value of R 2 + R 3 results at the first analog input 1.
  • the second analog input A2 there is a resistance of R 4 + R 5 + R 6 .
  • the second contact surface 14 and the third contact surface 16 and thus the second node of the first evaluation circuit 5 and the fourth node of the second evaluation circuit 7 are connected via the connecting means 15 to ground.
  • the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 and the resistor R4 are short-circuited to ground, so that at the first analog input A1 gives a resistance value of R 3 and at the second analog input A2 a resistance value of R 5 + R 6 .
  • At the second analog input A2 there is a resistance of R 5 + R 6 .
  • the third contact surface 16 and the fourth contact surface 18 and thus the second node of the first evaluation circuit 5 and the fifth node of the second evaluation circuit 7 are connected via the connecting means 15 to ground.
  • the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 as well as the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are short-circuited to ground, so that a resistance value of R 3 results at the first analog input A1 and a resistance value of R 6 at the second analog input A2.
  • a raised connection means 15 ie it can be made in no switch position or in any switching state, a connection of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 to the ground contact 17, be diagnosed that in all switching states of the maximum resistance R 1 + R 2 + R 3 of the first evaluation circuit 5 at the first analog input A1 and the maximum resistance R 4 + R 5 + R 6 of the second evaluation circuit 7 is applied to the second analog input A2.
  • An interruption in the first evaluation circuit 5, ie after the third node, can be detected thereby, that in all switching states S1 to S7 an infinite resistance acts on the first analog input A1, so that virtually the supply voltage U B is present at the first analog input A1 via the pull-up resistor R PU .
  • An interruption in the second evaluation circuit 7, ie after the sixth node, can be recognized by the fact that in all switching states S1 to S7, an infinite resistance acts on the second analog input A1, so that virtually the supply voltage U is applied via the pull-up resistor R PU B is applied to the second analog input A2.
  • a first evaluation circuit 5, which is short-circuited to ground, can be recognized by the fact that in all switching states S1 to S7 a resistance of approximately 0 ⁇ acts on the first analog input A1, so that practically a voltage of 0 V is applied to the first analog input A1.
  • a shorted to ground second evaluation circuit 7 can be recognized that in all switching states S1 to S7, a resistance of about 0 ⁇ acts on the second analog input A2, so that virtually a voltage of 0 V is applied to the second analog input A2.
  • a problem with the first contact surface 12 ie an increase in the contact resistance or a short circuit to ground, can be diagnosed by the fact that only the first two valid switching states S1 and S2 are affected by the problem, wherein in these two switching states S1 and S2 only the values measured at the first analog input A1 are faulty and the values measured at the second analog input A2 are also correct in the case of these switching states S1 and S2.
  • the shorted to ground first contact surface 12 can be recognized by the fact that the first valid switching state S1 and the valid third to seventh switching states S3 to S7 are recognized correctly and only the second valid switching state S2 is detected incorrectly.
  • the increase in the contact resistance of the first contact surface 12 can be recognized by the fact that the first and second valid switching states S1 and S2 each have a higher measured resistance value at the first analog input A1 and the valid third to seventh switching states S3 to S7 are recognized correctly.
  • the interruption of the connection between the first contact surface 12 and the first node can be detected by the fact that in each of the first three valid switching states S1 to S3, the resistance value for the valid switching state S3 is measured at the first analog input A1.
  • problems of the other contact surfaces 14, 16, 18 can be diagnosed.
  • the evaluation and control unit 3 is advantageously able to assign each valid switching state S1 to S7 in each case a predetermined measured value range at the two analog inputs A1 and A2 from the possible measured value ranges in order to recognize the various switching states S1 to S7.
  • the evaluation and control unit 3 can in each case assign an error state to all other combinations of possible measured value ranges, which relates to at least one of the evaluation circuits 5, 7 or at least one of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18.
  • embodiments of the invention are suitable for use in switch systems via which safety-relevant functions and / or applications, such as a cruise control function with predefinable speed values and / or a start-stop function with predefinable distance values, etc., can be operated.
  • safety-relevant functions and / or applications such as a cruise control function with predefinable speed values and / or a start-stop function with predefinable distance values, etc.
  • Fig. 2 a second embodiment of a circuit arrangement 21 according to the invention is shown. How out Fig. 2 it can be seen, the illustrated circuit arrangement 21 for evaluating seven switching states of the switch 10, four evaluation circuits 25, 26, 27, 28 and an evaluation and control unit 23. Der in Fig. 2 illustrated switch 10 corresponds to that in the first embodiment in Fig. 1 illustrated switch 10 and is also designed as a rotary switch with four contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 and a connecting means 15 which is connected to a ground contact 17. Therefore, a repetitive detailed description of the switch 10 will be omitted here.
  • the circuit arrangement 21 uses four evaluation circuits 25, 26, 27, 28 in order to evaluate the seven switching states S1 to S7 of the switch 10.
  • the four evaluation circuits 25, 26, 27, 28 each have a voltage divider with two resistors R21 and R22, R23 and R24, R25 and R26 or R27 and R28 connected in series with one another.
  • the four voltage dividers are each connected to the supply voltage U B via a pull-up resistor R PU .
  • a respective resistor R22, R24, R26 and R28 is arranged between the two nodes of the respective evaluation circuits 25, 26, 27, 28 .
  • Fig. 2 is a first between the resistor R21 and the resistor R22 of the first evaluation circuit 25 arranged node with the third contact surface 16 connected.
  • a second node which is arranged between the resistor R22 and the pull-up resistor R PU of the first evaluation circuit 25, is connected to a second analog input A2 of the evaluation and control unit 23.
  • a third node arranged between the resistor R23 and the resistor R24 of the second evaluation circuit 26 is connected to the first contact surface 12, and a fourth node arranged between the resistor R24 and the pull-up resistor R PU of the second evaluation circuit 26 is connected to a first analog input A1 of the evaluation and control unit 23 connected.
  • a fifth node disposed between the resistor R25 and the resistor R26 of the third evaluation circuit 27 is connected to the second contact pad 14, and a sixth node disposed between the resistor R26 and the pull-up resistor R PU of the third evaluation circuit 27 is connected to a fourth analog input A4 of the evaluation and control unit 23 connected.
  • a seventh node disposed between the resistor R27 and the resistor R28 of the fourth evaluation circuit 28 is connected to the fourth contact surface 18 and an eighth node disposed between the resistor R28 and the pull-up resistor R PU of the fourth evaluation circuit 28 is connected to a third analog input A3 of the evaluation and control unit 23 connected.
  • the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 are arranged so that they are contacted alternately at a switch position or at a switching state S1, S3, S5, S7 only with the reference potential and at the subsequent switch position or at one Following switching state S2, S4, S6 quasi each two of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 overlap, so be contacted together with the reference potential.
  • the movement of the connecting means 15 causes the respective resistance value applied to the analog inputs A1 to A4 of the evaluation and control unit 23 to change to ground.
  • the valid switching states S1 to S7 are determined.
  • the type of arrangement of the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 requires that only certain combinations of the resistance values to be measured at the four analog inputs A1 to A4 represent a valid switching state S1 to S7 or a valid switch position. This means that all other combinations of resistance measurements can be declared invalid, taking into account certain tolerances.
  • analogously to the first embodiment according to Fig. 1 erroneous states are diagnosed, whereby the detection of the valid switching states S1 to S7 and the diagnosis of the circuit 21 can be performed faster by using a larger number of analog inputs A1 to A4.
  • Fig. 3 a third embodiment of a circuit arrangement 31 according to the invention is shown. How out Fig. 3 It can be seen that the illustrated circuit arrangement 31 for evaluating seven switching states of the switch 10, analogous to the first embodiment, two evaluation circuits 5, 7, an evaluation and control unit 33 and a multiplexer 34. The in Fig. 3 shown circuit arrangement 31 corresponds with the exception of the evaluation and control unit 33 and the multiplexer 34 in the first embodiment in Fig. 1 Therefore, only the differences between the two circuit arrangements 1 and 31 are described here to avoid repetition.
  • the different evaluation circuits 5, 7 are evaluated offset in time at predetermined time intervals.
  • the number of required analog inputs A of the evaluation and control unit 33 in comparison with the evaluation and control unit 3 can be reduced in an advantageous manner or the number of evaluable evaluation circuits 5, 7 can be increased with the same number of analog inputs.
  • the diagnosability can be further improved by using resistors with different resistance values for the different evaluation circuits 5, 7 or 25, 26, 27, 28.
  • separate voltage sources which generate the same or different voltage potentials can also be used for the different evaluation circuits. This can be detected and displayed in an advantageous manner occurring when connecting cable confusion. By using separate voltage sources, it is also advantageously possible to perform an emergency operation even if one of the voltage sources fails.
  • Fig. 4 a fourth embodiment of a circuit arrangement 41 according to the invention is shown. How out Fig. 4 it can be seen, the illustrated circuit arrangement 41 for evaluating seven switching states of the switch 10, four evaluation circuits 45, 46, 47, 48 and an evaluation and control unit 43.
  • the in Fig. 4 illustrated switch 10 corresponds to that in the first embodiment in Fig. 1 illustrated switch 10 and is also designed as a rotary switch with four contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 and a connecting means 15 which is connected to a ground contact 17. Therefore, a repetitive detailed description of the switch 10 will be omitted here.
  • the circuit arrangement 41 uses four evaluation circuits 45, 46, 47, 48 in order to evaluate the seven switching states S1 to S7 of the switch 10.
  • the four evaluation circuits 45, 46, 47, 48 each have a pull-up resistor R PU and a node, the pull-up resistors R PU each having a connection directly to a digital input D1 to D4 of the evaluation and control unit 43 and connected to the other terminal to the supply voltage U B.
  • the contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment are in divided four groups, wherein the simultaneously connected to the predetermined reference potential pads 12, 14, 16, 18 belong to different groups.
  • the various groups of contact surfaces 12, 14, 16, 18 for detecting the current switching state S1 to S7 and for diagnostic purposes with different evaluation circuits 25, 26, 27, 28 are coupled.
  • the various switching states S1 to S7 of the switch 10 can be detected.
  • a connection to ground of a corresponding contact surface 12, 14, 16, 18 causes a first voltage level at the corresponding digital input D1 to D4, which is recognized, for example, as a first logical state
  • a non-existent connection to ground of a corresponding contact surface 12, 14, 16 , 18 causes a second voltage level at the corresponding digital input D1 to D4, which is recognized as a second logic state, for example.
  • the first switching state S1 corresponds to a logical value of "0111".
  • the second switching state S2 corresponds for example to a logical value of "0011”.
  • the third switching state S3 corresponds, for example, to a logical value of "1011”.
  • the fourth switching state S4 corresponds for example to a logical value of "1001”.
  • the fifth switching state S5 corresponds for example to a logic value of "1101”.
  • the sixth switching state S6 corresponds for example to a logical value of "1100”.
  • the second switching state S7 corresponds, for example, to a logical value of "1110".
  • the other unused nine possible code values can be assigned to corresponding error states.
  • Embodiments of the present invention advantageously result in particularly simple miniaturization and a high degree of diagnosability of switching systems, which enables reliable operation in safety-relevant applications and / or functions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Commutateur présentant un nombre prédéterminé d'états de commutation différents (S1 à S7) et comportant un nombre prédéterminé de points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) qui, selon un état de commutation (S1 à S7) réglé actuel, peuvent être connectés les uns aux autres et/ou à un potentiel de référence prédéterminé par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de connexion (15), dans lequel les différents états de commutation (S1 à S7) sont codés par les points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) pouvant être connectés les uns aux autres, de manière à ce que le moyen de connexion (15) connecte simultanément au potentiel de référence au moins l'un des points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) et au maximum deux des points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18),
    caractérisé en ce que le nombre prédéterminé de points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) est inférieur au nombre prédéterminé d'états de commutation (S1 à S7), dans lequel le moyen de connexion (15) ne permute qu'un seul point de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) lors d'un passage d'une position de commutation (S1 à S7) à la suivante.
  2. Commutateur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que les points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) sont répartis en au moins deux groupes, dans lequel les points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) simultanément connectés au potentiel de référence prédéterminé appartiennent à des groupes différents.
  3. Commutateur selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que les différents groupes de points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) sont couplés à différents circuits d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48) pour identifier l'état de commutation (S1 à S7) actuel et à des fins de diagnostic.
  4. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le commutateur (10) est réalisé sous la forme d'un commutateur coulissant linéaire à plusieurs niveaux et/ou sous la forme d'un commutateur tournant à plusieurs niveaux et/ou sous la forme d'un potentiomètre numérique, dont les points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) sont réalisés sous la forme de surfaces de contact.
  5. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le commutateur (10) est réalisé sous la forme d'un commutateur coulissant linéaire à plusieurs niveaux et/ou sous la forme d'un commutateur tournant à plusieurs niveaux et/ou sous la forme d'un potentiomètre numérique, dont les états de commutation réglables (S1 à S7) sont détectés et évalués par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une unité de conversion qui convertit des grandeurs magnétiques en des grandeurs électriques et/ou des grandeurs optiques en des grandeurs électriques.
  6. Commutateur selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une unité de conversion comprend au moins un capteur Hall et/ou au moins un coupleur optique.
  7. Dispositif de commutation destiné à évaluer au moins deux états de commutation d'un commutateur (10) présentant un nombre prédéterminé d'états de commutation (S1 à S7) différents et un nombre prédéterminé de points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) qui, selon un état de commutation (S1 à S7) réglé actuel, peuvent être connectés les uns aux autres et/ou à un potentiel de référence prédéterminé par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de connexion (15), dans lequel il est prévu au moins deux circuits d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48) comportant des noeuds, et dans lequel chaque point de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) est connecté à un noeud,
    caractérisé en ce que le commutateur (10) est réalisé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6.
  8. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que les différents groupes de points de connexion (12, 14, 16, 18) sont couplés à différents circuits d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48) pour identifier la position de commutation (S1 à S7) actuelle et à des fins de diagnostic.
  9. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé en ce que les circuits d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48) comportent respectivement un diviseur de tension comportant au moins deux résistances (RPU, R1 à R3, R, 4 à R6, R21, R22, R23, R24 R25, R26, R27, R28) connectées les unes aux autres en série, dans lequel une résistance (RPU, R1 à R3, R, 4 à R6, R21, R22, R23, R24 R25, R26, R27, R28) respective est disposée entre deux noeuds du circuit d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48) respectif.
  10. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une entrée analogique (A1 à A4) et/ou au moins une entrée numérique (D1 à D4) d'une unité d'évaluation et de commande (3, 23, 33, 43) sont connectées, directement ou par l'intermédiaire d'un multiplexeur (34), à des noeuds de sortie des au moins deux circuits d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48), dans lequel une grandeur physique peut être détectée sur le noeud de sortie.
  11. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un mouvement du moyen de connexion (15) sur au moins un noeud de sortie des au moins deux circuits d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48) provoque une variation de la grandeur physique mesurée.
  12. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 10 ou 11,
    caractérisé en ce que la grandeur physique mesurée comprend une valeur de capacité et/ou une valeur d'inductance et/ou une valeur de résistance et/ou une valeur de tension et/ou une valeur de courant.
  13. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'évaluation et de commande (3, 23, 33, 43) affecte une plage de valeurs de mesure prédéterminée parmi les plages de valeurs de mesure possibles à l'état de commutation (S1 à S7) valide.
  14. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'évaluation et de commande (3, 23, 33, 43) associe un état d'erreur, qui concerne au moins l'un des circuits d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48), à toutes les autres combinaisons de plages de valeurs de mesure possibles.
  15. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'évaluation et de commande (3, 23, 33, 43) dans un mode d'urgence, ne tient plus compte, lors de l'évaluation, d'un circuit d'évaluation (5, 7, 25, 26, 27, 28, 45, 46, 47, 48) identifié comme étant défectueux.
EP10784976.2A 2009-11-30 2010-11-16 Commutateur et agencement de commutation pour analyser au moins deux etats de commutation du commutateur Active EP2507807B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009056283A DE102009056283A1 (de) 2009-11-30 2009-11-30 Schalter und Schaltungsanordnung zur Auswertung von mindestens zwei Schaltzuständen eines Schalters
PCT/EP2010/006962 WO2011063901A1 (fr) 2009-11-30 2010-11-16 Commutateur et dispositif de commutation permettant d'exploiter au moins deux états de commutation d'un commutateur

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EP2507807A1 EP2507807A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
EP2507807B1 true EP2507807B1 (fr) 2017-09-13

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DE102013015214B4 (de) * 2013-09-13 2019-10-17 Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrischer Stufenschalter
DE102017113905A1 (de) 2017-06-23 2018-12-27 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur Auswertung von zumindest zwei Schaltzuständen eines Betätigungselementes, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Schaltungsanordnung sowie Schaltvorrichtung
DE102024139111B3 (de) 2024-12-19 2025-12-24 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Spannungskodieren von Schaltzuständen einer Steuereinrichtung mit Redundanz

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DE9302047U1 (de) * 1993-02-15 1994-06-16 Diehl Stiftung & Co., 90478 Nürnberg Betriebsartenschalter
JP3512966B2 (ja) * 1997-01-09 2004-03-31 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 スイッチ装置
DE10108605C1 (de) * 2001-02-22 2002-05-29 Kostal Leopold Gmbh & Co Kg Elektrischer Schalter
US7049714B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2006-05-23 Whirlpool Corporation Method for determining the condition of a rotary switch
DE102006038375A1 (de) 2006-08-11 2008-02-14 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung
DE202007016618U1 (de) * 2007-11-28 2008-02-28 Flextec Gmbh Abgleichinstrument

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DE102009056283A1 (de) 2011-06-01
WO2011063901A1 (fr) 2011-06-03

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