EP2502014A1 - Method and device for producing anodes - Google Patents
Method and device for producing anodesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2502014A1 EP2502014A1 EP10785014A EP10785014A EP2502014A1 EP 2502014 A1 EP2502014 A1 EP 2502014A1 EP 10785014 A EP10785014 A EP 10785014A EP 10785014 A EP10785014 A EP 10785014A EP 2502014 A1 EP2502014 A1 EP 2502014A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air supply
- secondary air
- zone
- furnace
- anodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type or of the type in which a segmental kiln moves over a stationary charge
- F27B13/02—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type or of the type in which a segmental kiln moves over a stationary charge of multiple-chamber type with permanent partitions; Combinations of furnaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing anodes in an anode Ringo fen, comprising at least one furnace unit with a heating zone, a fire zone and a cooling zone, each having a plurality of interconnected with heating channels furnace chambers, which are designed as heat exchangers and for receiving Serving of anodes, in which for guiding air through the furnace unit by means of an air supply primary air is introduced into the cooling zone and is discharged after passing through the fire zone by means of a suction from the heating zone as a flue gas. Furthermore, the invention relates to an air supply device for an anode Ringo fen and provided with such an air supply device Anode Ringo fen.
- the present process finds application in the production of anodes needed for fused-salt electrolysis to produce primary aluminum.
- These anodes are made of petroleum coke with the addition of pitch as a binder in a molding process as so-called “green anodes” or "raw adenoids", the nachfo lying sintered in the molding process in an anode Ringo fen.
- This sintering process takes place in a defined heat treatment process in which the anodes pass through three phases, namely a heating phase, a sintering phase and a cooling phase.
- erfo lgt a heating or preheating of Rohanoden before they are heated to sintering temperatures of about 1 100 ° C after the heating phase in the combustion or fire zone.
- heating gradient ⁇ 8 ° K / h has been in industrial practice so far refrained from producing anodes with relatively high density in so-called "o ffenen Anode Ringö fen” operated in a vacuum atmosphere without covering the furnace chamber
- high density anodes have heretofore been fired essentially exclusively in so-called “muted” kilns, which, however, have a significantly lower efficiency compared to open anode ring furnaces.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method or a device which makes it possible to produce anodes of high density with high product quality in an anodic ring furnace. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claims 9 and 13.
- the positioning of the secondary air supply device depends on at least one Process parameter erfo lgt, so that, for example, at the beginning of Feuerzyklusses positioning of the secondary air supply as far away from the fire zone within the heating zone erfo ling, or at the end of the Feuerzyklusses a correspondingly closely spaced arrangement of the secondary air supply to the fire zone erfo lgt.
- the process parameters for adjusting the secondary air supply can be used, for example, empirically gained insights regarding the relationship between certain process parameters and the to use adjusting heating gradient in the preheating zone.
- the secondary air supply can fulfill the heating-up zones depending on the furnace temperature in one or more furnace chambers.
- the secondary air supply can be performed depending on the negative pressure in the heating zone.
- the secondary air supply is also possible to carry out the secondary air supply as a function of the cycle duration of the heat treatment of the anodes in the furnace unit, that is, as a function of the duration of the total cycle composed of the warm-up phase, the burning phase and the cooling phase.
- a particularly immediate control of the secondary air supply is possible if the secondary air supply occurs as a function of a measured value determination for the heating gradient.
- the air supply device according to the invention has the features of claim 9.
- a secondary air supply device for arrangement in the heating zone.
- the secondary air supply means of the air supply apparatus has positioning means for variably positioning the secondary air supply means in the heating zone, changes in the positioning of the secondary air supply means may be made depending on the process parameters.
- An air supply device whose secondary air supply device is designed such that it allows an admission of multiple furnace chambers, the effectiveness of influencing the Auffilgradienten can increase even further.
- the air supply device is constructed such that the secondary air supply device is assigned at least one measuring device which generates a measurement of a process parameter as input for a control device of the secondary air supply device, an autonomous system provided with all necessary devices can be created, for example Can be easily retrofitted to an existing Ano-Ringo fen.
- the inventive anode Ringo fen has the features of claim 13.
- the anode Ringo fen is provided with an air supply device, which allows the burning or sintering of high density anodes with the same productivity as the sintering of low density anodes.
- an air supply device which allows the burning or sintering of high density anodes with the same productivity as the sintering of low density anodes.
- FIG. 2 is an isometric partial view of that shown in FIG.
- each furnace unit 11 has furnace chambers 12, which in FIG different number to a heating zone 13, a fire zone 14 and a cooling zone 15 are summarized.
- the furnace chambers 12 have pits 16 which are delimited on both sides by heating channels 17 extending in the longitudinal direction of the furnace unit 11 (FIG. 1).
- the pits 16 serve for
- the heating channels 1 7 of the furnace chambers 12 are fluidically interconnected in the longitudinal direction of the furnace unit 1 1 by flow channels 3 1.
- a number of different devices that are changeable in their positioning relative to the furnace chambers 12 in the direction of rotation 1 8 and - as nachfo Ling is explained - by their respective assignment, the location of the heating zone 13, Fire zone 14 and cooling zone 15 which are advanced together with the devices in the circumferential direction 1 8.
- the furnace unit 1 1 in the fire zone 14 is provided with three burner devices 19.
- the burner devices 19 are each associated with a furnace chamber 12, the pits 16 are populated with rawodes, which are heated by means of the burner devices 19 erfo resulting temperature exposure to about 1 100 ° C and sintered for the preparation of Schmelz bathelektro lysis anodes.
- the anodes are not acted upon directly by the burner means 19 with temperature, but it erfo lgt a heat transfer from the guided in the heating channels 1 7 air Schukanalwandungen 20 on the arranged in the pits 16 anodes.
- the furnace chambers 12 thus act as a heat exchanger.
- the cooling zone 15 which in the present case comprises six furnace chambers 12, in which the raw anodes have been sintered under Hochtemperaturbeierschlagung in two previous firing phases in which the burner devices were 1 9 in the appropriate position ,
- a primary air supply device 21 by means of which the heating channels 17 can be supplied with fresh or ambient air, is located above an outer furnace chamber 12 of the cooling zone 15.
- Absaugein- direction 22 for the flue gases above the furnace chambers 12 are arranged, in which no ch no by the burner means 19 are subjected to high temperature, unsintered Rohanoden.
- anode Ringo fens 10 in which the anodes are subjected to high temperature in the fire zone 14, erfo lgt simultaneously a discharge of the amount of heat stored in the anodes, which are arranged in the cooling zone 15 and have previously been acted upon by the burner devices 19 with high temperature.
- the corresponding waste heat is fed under supply of fresh air through the primary air supply means 21 by means of arranged in the heating zone 13 suction device 23 into the heating zone 13 and serves there to preheat the anodes before they nachfo lying with the burner devices 19 are acted upon.
- the anode Ringo fen 10 and the oven unit 1 shown as an example 1 an air supply device 23, which comprises in addition to the primary air supply means 21 arranged in the heating zone 13 secondary air feeder 24.
- the secondary air supply device 24 is provided in the illustrated embodiment with a measuring device 25, with the process parameters, such as the temperature and / or the
- Vacuum detected in the heating zone 13 and transmitted as input to a control device 26 of the secondary air supply device 24, which controls the introduced via the secondary air supply device 24 in the heating zone 13 Luftvo lumenstrom.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Anoden Method and device for the production of anodes
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Anoden in einem Anoden-Ringo fen, umfassend zumindest eine Ofeneinheit mit einer Aufheizzone, einer Feuerzone und einer Kühlzone mit jeweils einer Mehrzahl von mit Heizkanälen untereinander verbundenen Ofenkammern, die als Wärmetauscher ausgebildet sind und zur Aufnah- me von Anoden dienen, bei dem zur Luftführung durch die Ofeneinheit vermittels einer Luftzuführeinrichtung Primärluft in die Kühlzone eingeleitet wird und nach Passieren der Feuerzone vermittels einer Absaugeinrichtung aus der Aufheizzone als Rauchgas abgeführt wird. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Luftzuführvorrichtung für einen Anoden-Ringo fen sowie einen mit einer derartigen Luftzuführvorrichtung versehenen Anoden-Ringo fen. The present invention relates to a method for producing anodes in an anode Ringo fen, comprising at least one furnace unit with a heating zone, a fire zone and a cooling zone, each having a plurality of interconnected with heating channels furnace chambers, which are designed as heat exchangers and for receiving Serving of anodes, in which for guiding air through the furnace unit by means of an air supply primary air is introduced into the cooling zone and is discharged after passing through the fire zone by means of a suction from the heating zone as a flue gas. Furthermore, the invention relates to an air supply device for an anode Ringo fen and provided with such an air supply device Anode Ringo fen.
Das vorliegende Verfahren findet Anwendung bei der Herstellung von Anoden, die für die Schmelzflusselektrolyse zur Herstellung von Primäraluminium benötigt werden. Diese Anoden werden aus Petrolkoks unter Zusatz von Pech als Bindemittel in einem Formungsverfahren als so genannte„grüne Anoden" oder„Rohanoden" hergestellt, die nachfo lgend dem Formungsverfahren in einem Anoden-Ringo fen gesintert werden. Dieser Sintervorgang findet in einem definiert ablaufenden Wärmebe- handlungsprozess statt, bei dem die Anoden drei Phasen, nämlich eine Aufheizphase, eine Sinterphase und eine Abkühlphase durchlaufen. In der Aufheizzone erfo lgt eine Aufheizung bzw. Vorwärmung der Rohanoden, bevor diese nach Ablauf der Aufheizphase in der Brenn- oder Feuerzone auf Sintertemperaturen von etwa 1 100 °C aufgeheizt werden. The present process finds application in the production of anodes needed for fused-salt electrolysis to produce primary aluminum. These anodes are made of petroleum coke with the addition of pitch as a binder in a molding process as so-called "green anodes" or "raw adenoids", the nachfo lying sintered in the molding process in an anode Ringo fen. This sintering process takes place in a defined heat treatment process in which the anodes pass through three phases, namely a heating phase, a sintering phase and a cooling phase. In the heating zone erfo lgt a heating or preheating of Rohanoden before they are heated to sintering temperatures of about 1 100 ° C after the heating phase in the combustion or fire zone.
In der Praxis hat sich herausgestellt, dass für die Qualität der letztendlich durch Sintern hergestellten Anoden dem Verlauf des Aufwärmens der Rohanoden während der Aufheizphase eine entscheidenden Bedeutung zukommt. Insbesondere hat sich herausgestellt, dass für die Qualität der Anoden der sich während der Aufheizphase einstellende Aufheizgradient entscheidend ist. Insbesondere ein hoher Aufheizgradient, insbesondere ein Aufheizgradient > 14°K/h, kann im Ergebnis zur Ausbildung von Rissen in der Anode führen. Da bei Anoden mit hoher Dichte eine besonders große Rissneigung feststellbar ist und es in der Praxis bislang nicht gelungen ist, den für das Aufwärmen von Rohanoden mit relativ hoher Dichte im Vergleich zum Aufwärmen von Rohanoden mit relativ geringer Dichte zur Rissvermeidung erforderlichen, wesentlich kleineren Aufheizgradienten, insbesondere Aufheizgradienten < 8°K/h, zu realisieren, hat man in der industriellen Praxis daher bislang darauf verzichtet, Anoden mit relativ hoher Dichte in so genannten„o ffenen Anoden-Ringö fen" herzustellen, die in einer Unterdruckatmosphäre ohne Abdeckung des Ofenraums betrieben werden. Stattdessen werden Anoden mit hoher Dichte bislang im Wesentlichen ausschließlich in so genannten „gedeckten" Brennö fen gebrannt, die jedoch im Vergleich zu offenen Anoden-Ringö fen eine wesentlich geringere Effizienz aufweisen. In practice, it has been found that for the quality of the anodes finally produced by sintering the course of the warming of the raw anode during the heating phase is of crucial importance. In particular, it has been found that the heating gradient which occurs during the heating phase is decisive for the quality of the anodes. In particular, a high heating gradient, in particular a heating gradient> 14 ° K / h, can result in the formation of cracks in the anode as a result. Since high density anodes have a particularly high tendency to crack and in practice have not been able to achieve the much smaller heating gradient required to heat relatively high density raw clay compared to heating relatively low density raw clay to avoid cracking, In particular, heating gradient <8 ° K / h, has been in industrial practice so far refrained from producing anodes with relatively high density in so-called "o ffenen Anode Ringö fen" operated in a vacuum atmosphere without covering the furnace chamber Instead, high density anodes have heretofore been fired essentially exclusively in so-called "muted" kilns, which, however, have a significantly lower efficiency compared to open anode ring furnaces.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren bzw. eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, das bzw. die es ermög- licht Anoden hoher Dichte mit hoher Produktqualität in einem Anoden-Ringo fen herzustellen. Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 bzw. eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 9 und 13 gelöst. The present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method or a device which makes it possible to produce anodes of high density with high product quality in an anodic ring furnace. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claims 9 and 13.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erfolgt in der Aufheizzone der Absaugeinrichtung vorgeordnet vermittels einer Sekundär- luft-Zuführeinrichtung eine Zuführung von Sekundärluft. Aufgrund der Zuführung von Sekundärluft in die Aufheizzone ist es möglich, den ansonsten allein durch die Luftführung im Ofen von der Physik des Ofengefäßes, insbesondere von der Beschaffenheit und der Geometrie der Heizkanäle des Ofengefäßes abhängigen und somit kaum beeinflussbaren Aufheizgradienten in der Aufheizzone gezielt zu beeinflussen. Insbesondere ist es möglich, durch die Zuführung der Sekundärluft in die Aufheizzone die zur Aufwärmung von Rohanoden hoher Dichte gewünschte Reduzierung des Aufheizgradienten zu erreichen. Durch die Zugabe eines zusätzlichen Luftvo lumenstroms durch dieIn the method according to the invention takes place in the heating zone of the suction upstream of means of a secondary air feeder, a supply of secondary air. Due to the supply of secondary air in the heating zone, it is possible to specifically influence the otherwise alone by the air duct in the furnace of the physics of the furnace vessel, in particular the nature and geometry of the heating channels of the furnace vessel dependent and thus hardly influenced Aufheizgradienten in the heating. In particular, it is possible by the supply of secondary air in the heating zone to achieve the desired for the heating of Rohanoden high density reduction of Aufheizgradienten. By the addition of an additional Luftvo lumenstroms through the
Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung innerhalb der Aufheizzone wird diese Beeinflussung des Aufheizgradienten mö glich, ohne dass damit gleichzeitig das für das Sintern ideale Luft-Brennstoffverhältnis in der Feuerzone verändert wird. Gleichzeitig mit dem vorstehenden Vorteil einer Reduzierung des Aufheizgradienten in der Aufheizzone wird durch die Zuführung von Sekundärluft in der Aufheizzone der Sauerstoffanteil im Rauchgas erhöht, so dass auch bei Anoden hoher Dichte, die einen höheren Anteil an Pech aufweisen, eine vo llständige Verbrennung des Pechs erzielbar ist, was ohne die Zuführung von Sekundärluft nicht möglich wäre. Hieraus resultiert eine entsprechende Reduzierung der Emissionen, insbesondere betreffend CO, paH 16 und Benzo l. Dadurch wird außerdem ein geringerer Energieverbrauch des Ofens ermöglicht. Secondary air supply device within the heating zone, this influencing the heating gradient is possible, without at the same time changing the ideal for the sintering air-fuel ratio in the fire zone. Simultaneously with the above advantage of reducing the Aufheizgradienten in the heating zone is increased by the supply of secondary air in the heating zone, the oxygen content in the flue gas, so that even with anodes of high density, which have a higher proportion of pitch, a complete combustion of the pitch achievable is what would not be possible without the supply of secondary air. This results in a corresponding reduction in emissions, in particular with regard to CO, paH 16 and benzo l. This also allows a lower energy consumption of the furnace.
Als besonders vorteilhaft erweist es sich, wenn die Positionierung der Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von zumindest einem Prozessparameter erfo lgt, so dass beispielsweise zu Beginn des Feuer- zyklusses eine Positionierung der Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung möglichst weit entfern von der Feuerzone innerhalb der Aufheizzone erfo lgt, oder zum Ende des Feuerzyklusses eine entsprechend dicht benachbarte Anordnung der Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung zur Feuerzone erfo lgt. It proves to be particularly advantageous if the positioning of the secondary air supply device depends on at least one Process parameter erfo lgt, so that, for example, at the beginning of Feuerzyklusses positioning of the secondary air supply as far away from the fire zone within the heating zone erfo ling, or at the end of the Feuerzyklusses a correspondingly closely spaced arrangement of the secondary air supply to the fire zone erfo lgt.
Weiterhin erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, wenn vermittels der Sekundär- luft-Zuführeinrichtung eine Beaufschlagung mehrerer Ofenkammern der Aufheizzone erfo lgt, wobei diese Beaufschlagung wahlweise gleichzeitig oder sequentiell erfo lgen kann. Furthermore, it proves to be advantageous if, by means of the secondary air supply device, an admission of a plurality of furnace chambers of the heating zone is required, wherein this application can be carried out either simultaneously or sequentially.
Wenn die Sekundärluft-Zuführung, also beispielsweise das pro Zeiteinheit zugeführte Sekundärluftvo lumen, in Abhängigkeit von zumindest einem Prozessparameter erfo lgt, können die Prozessparameter zur Einstellung der Sekundärluft-Zuführung genutzt werden, um beispielsweise empirisch gewonnene Erkenntnisse betreffend den Zusammenhang zwischen bestimmten Prozessparametern und dem sich einstellenden Aufheizgradienten in der Vorwärmzone zu nutzen. If the secondary air supply, for example the secondary air volume supplied per unit time, is fulfilled as a function of at least one process parameter, the process parameters for adjusting the secondary air supply can be used, for example, empirically gained insights regarding the relationship between certain process parameters and the to use adjusting heating gradient in the preheating zone.
Beispielsweise kann die Sekundärluft-Zuführung in Abhängigkeit von der Ofentemperatur in einer oder mehreren Ofenkammern der Aufheizzo- ne erfo lgen. For example, the secondary air supply can fulfill the heating-up zones depending on the furnace temperature in one or more furnace chambers.
Alternativ oder ergänzend kann die S ekundärluft-Zuführung in Abhängigkeit vom Unterdruck in der Aufheizzone erfo lgen. Alternatively or additionally, the secondary air supply can be performed depending on the negative pressure in the heating zone.
Auch ist es möglich die Sekundärluft-Zuführung in Abhängigkeit von der Zyklusdauer der Wärmebehandlung der Anoden in der Ofeneinheit durchzuführen, also in Abhängigkeit von der Zeitdauer des sich aus Aufwärmphase, Brennphase und Abkühlphase zusammensetzenden Gesamtzyklus. Eine besonders unmittelbare Steuerung der Sekundärluft-Zuführung wird möglich, wenn die S ekundärluft-Zuführung in Abhängigkeit von einer Messwertbestimmung für den Aufheizgradienten erfo lgt. It is also possible to carry out the secondary air supply as a function of the cycle duration of the heat treatment of the anodes in the furnace unit, that is, as a function of the duration of the total cycle composed of the warm-up phase, the burning phase and the cooling phase. A particularly immediate control of the secondary air supply is possible if the secondary air supply occurs as a function of a measured value determination for the heating gradient.
Die erfindungsgemäße Luftzuführvorrichtung weist die Merkmale des Anspruchs 9 auf. The air supply device according to the invention has the features of claim 9.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Luftzuführvorrichtung ist zusätzlich zu der Primärluft-Zuführeinrichtung für die Zuführung von Primärluft in der Kühlzone eine Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung zur Anordnung in der Aufheizzone vorgesehen. Wenn die Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung der Luftzuführvorrichtung eine Positionierungseinrichtung zur veränderbaren Positionierung der Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung in der Aufheizzone aufweist, können in Abhängigkeit von den Prozessparametern Änderungen in der Positionierung der Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung vorgenommen werden. Eine Luftzuführvorrichtung deren Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung derart ausgebildet ist, dass sie eine Beaufschlagung mehrerer Ofenkammern ermöglicht, kann die Effektivität der Beeinflussung des Aufheizgradienten noch weiter erhöhen. In the air supply device according to the invention, in addition to the primary air supply device for supplying primary air in the cooling zone, a secondary air supply device for arrangement in the heating zone is provided. When the secondary air supply means of the air supply apparatus has positioning means for variably positioning the secondary air supply means in the heating zone, changes in the positioning of the secondary air supply means may be made depending on the process parameters. An air supply device whose secondary air supply device is designed such that it allows an admission of multiple furnace chambers, the effectiveness of influencing the Aufheizgradienten can increase even further.
Wenn die Luftzuführvorrichtung so aufgebaut ist, dass der Sekundär- luft-Zuführeinrichtung zumindest eine Messeinrichtung zugeordnet ist, die eine Messung eines Prozessparameters als Eingangsgröße für eine Steuereinrichtung der Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung generiert, kann ein mit allen notwendigen Einrichtungen versehenes autarkes System geschaffen werden, das beispielsweise an einem bestehenden Ano- den-Ringo fen leicht nachgerüstet werden kann. If the air supply device is constructed such that the secondary air supply device is assigned at least one measuring device which generates a measurement of a process parameter as input for a control device of the secondary air supply device, an autonomous system provided with all necessary devices can be created, for example Can be easily retrofitted to an existing Ano-Ringo fen.
Der erfindungsgemäße Anoden-Ringo fen weist die Merkmale des Anspruchs 13 auf. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Anoden-Ringo fen mit einer Luftzuführvorrichtung versehen, die das Brennen bzw. Sintern von Anoden hoher Dichte mit derselben Produktivität ermöglicht wie das Sintern von Anoden niedriger Dichte. Nachfo lgend wird eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung und der Erläuterung des durchführbaren Verfahrens anhand der Zeichnung näher dargestellt. Es zeigen: The inventive anode Ringo fen has the features of claim 13. According to the invention, the anode Ringo fen is provided with an air supply device, which allows the burning or sintering of high density anodes with the same productivity as the sintering of low density anodes. Nachfo lying a preferred embodiment of the device and the explanation of the feasible method is illustrated in detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 : eine schematische Darstellung eines Anoden-1 shows a schematic representation of an anode
Ringo fens; Fig. 2 : eine isometrische Teildarstellung des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ringo fens; FIG. 2 is an isometric partial view of that shown in FIG
Anoden- Ringo fens. Anode Ringo fens.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Anoden-Ringo fen 10, der regelmäßig aus einer Mehrzahl von Ofeneinheiten 1 1 besteht, die auch als so genannte„Feuer" bezeichnet werden. Jede Ofeneinheit 1 1 weist im vorliegenden Ausfüh- rungsbeispiel 12 Ofenkammern 12 auf, die in unterschiedlicher Anzahl zu einer Aufheizzone 13 , einer Feuerzone 14 und einer Kühlzone 15 zusammengefasst sind. 1 shows an anode ring fen 10, which regularly consists of a plurality of furnace units 11, which are also referred to as so-called "fires." In the present exemplary embodiment, each furnace unit 11 has furnace chambers 12, which in FIG different number to a heating zone 13, a fire zone 14 and a cooling zone 15 are summarized.
Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, weisen die Ofenkammern 12 Gruben 16 auf, die jeweils beidseitig von in Längsrichtung der Ofeneinheit 1 1 (Fig. 1) sich erstre- ckenden Heizkanälen 17 begrenzt werden. Die Gruben 16 dienen zurAs shown in FIG. 2, the furnace chambers 12 have pits 16 which are delimited on both sides by heating channels 17 extending in the longitudinal direction of the furnace unit 11 (FIG. 1). The pits 16 serve for
Aufnahme von Anoden 30, die in einer Reihenanordnung in den Gruben 16 aufgenommen sind. Die Heizkanäle 1 7 der Ofenkammern 12 sind in Längsrichtung der Ofeneinheit 1 1 durch Strömungskanäle 3 1 strömungstechnisch untereinander verbunden. Wie insbesondere Fig. 1 zeigt, befindet sich oberhalb der Ofenkammern 12 eine Anzahl unterschiedlicher Einrichtungen, die in ihrer Positionierung gegenüber den Ofenkammern 12 in Umlaufrichtung 1 8 veränderbar sind und - wie nachfo lgend erläutert wird - durch ihre jeweilige Zuordnung die Lage der Aufheizzone 13 , Feuerzone 14 und Kühlzone 15 definieren, die zusammen mit den Einrichtungen in Umlaufrichtung 1 8 vorbewegt werden. Receiving anodes 30, which are accommodated in a series arrangement in the pits 16. The heating channels 1 7 of the furnace chambers 12 are fluidically interconnected in the longitudinal direction of the furnace unit 1 1 by flow channels 3 1. As shown particularly in FIG. 1, located above the furnace chambers 12, a number of different devices that are changeable in their positioning relative to the furnace chambers 12 in the direction of rotation 1 8 and - as nachfo Ling is explained - by their respective assignment, the location of the heating zone 13, Fire zone 14 and cooling zone 15 which are advanced together with the devices in the circumferential direction 1 8.
In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Konfiguration ist die Ofeneinheit 1 1 in der Feuerzone 14 mit drei Brennereinrichtungen 19 versehen. Die Brenner- einrichtungen 19 sind jeweils einer Ofenkammer 12 zugeordnet, deren Gruben 16 mit Rohanoden bestückt sind, die vermittels der durch die Brennereinrichtungen 19 erfo lgenden Temperaturbeaufschlagung auf ca. 1 100 °C aufgeheizt und zur Herstellung von zur Schmelzflusselektro lyse verwendbaren Anoden gesintert werden. Dabei werden die Anoden nicht unmittelbar über die Brennereinrichtungen 19 mit Temperatur beaufschlagt, sondern es erfo lgt eine Wärmeübertragung von der in den Heizkanälen 1 7 geführten Luft über Heizkanalwandungen 20 auf die in den Gruben 16 angeordneten Anoden. Die Ofenkammern 12 fungieren demnach als Wärmetauscher. In Fig. 1 rechts von der Feuerzone 14 befindet sich die Kühlzone 15 , die im vorliegenden Fall sechs Ofenkammern 12 umfasst, in denen in zwei vorhergehenden Brennphasen, in denen sich die Brennereinrichtungen 1 9 in entsprechender Positionierung befanden, unter Hochtemperaturbeaufschlagung die Rohanoden gesintert worden sind. Über einer äußeren Ofenkammer 12 der Kühlzone 15 befindet sich in der in der Zeichnungsfigur dargestellten Konfiguration eine Primärluft-Zuführeinrichtung 21 , vermittels der die Heizkanäle 17 mit Frisch- bzw. Umgebungsluft beaufschlagbar sind. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the furnace unit 1 1 in the fire zone 14 is provided with three burner devices 19. The burner devices 19 are each associated with a furnace chamber 12, the pits 16 are populated with rawodes, which are heated by means of the burner devices 19 erfo resulting temperature exposure to about 1 100 ° C and sintered for the preparation of Schmelzflusselektro lysis anodes. In this case, the anodes are not acted upon directly by the burner means 19 with temperature, but it erfo lgt a heat transfer from the guided in the heating channels 1 7 air Heizkanalwandungen 20 on the arranged in the pits 16 anodes. The furnace chambers 12 thus act as a heat exchanger. In Fig. 1 to the right of the fire zone 14 is the cooling zone 15, which in the present case comprises six furnace chambers 12, in which the raw anodes have been sintered under Hochtemperaturbeaufschlagung in two previous firing phases in which the burner devices were 1 9 in the appropriate position , In the configuration shown in the drawing figure, a primary air supply device 21, by means of which the heating channels 17 can be supplied with fresh or ambient air, is located above an outer furnace chamber 12 of the cooling zone 15.
Links von der Feuerzone 14 ist in der Aufheizzone 13 eine Absaugein- richtung 22 (siehe auch Fig. 2) für die Rauchgase oberhalb der Ofenkammern 12 angeordnet, in denen sich no ch nicht durch die Brennereinrichtungen 19 mit Hochtemperatur beaufschlagte, ungesinterte Rohanoden befinden. To the left of the fire zone 14 in the heating zone 13 is a Absaugein- direction 22 (see also Fig. 2) for the flue gases above the furnace chambers 12 are arranged, in which no ch no by the burner means 19 are subjected to high temperature, unsintered Rohanoden.
Im Betrieb des Anoden-Ringo fens 10, bei dem die Anoden in der Feuer- zone 14 mit Hochtemperatur beaufschlagt werden, erfo lgt gleichzeitig eine Abgabe der in den Anoden gespeicherten Wärmemenge, die in der Abkühlzone 15 angeordnet sind und zuvor von den Brennereinrichtungen 19 mit Hochtemperatur beaufschlagt wurden. Die entsprechende Abwärme wird unter Zuführung von Frischluft durch die Primärluft- Zuführeinrichtung 21 vermittels der in der Aufheizzone 13 angeordneten Absaugeinrichtung 23 bis in die Aufheizzone 13 geführt und dient dort zur Vorwärmung der Anoden, bevor diese nachfo lgend mit den Brennereinrichtungen 19 beaufschlagt werden. Durch geeignete Drossel- und Regeleinrichtungen wird dabei die Funktion der Primärluft- Zuführeinrichtung 21 und der Absaugeinrichtung 22 so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass sich in den zwischen den Gruben 16 verlaufenden Heizkanälen ergänzt durch eine gesteuerte Brennstoffzufuhr der Brennereinrichtungen 19 ein vorgegebener Temperatur-Zeitverlauf einstellt. During operation of the anode Ringo fens 10, in which the anodes are subjected to high temperature in the fire zone 14, erfo lgt simultaneously a discharge of the amount of heat stored in the anodes, which are arranged in the cooling zone 15 and have previously been acted upon by the burner devices 19 with high temperature. The corresponding waste heat is fed under supply of fresh air through the primary air supply means 21 by means of arranged in the heating zone 13 suction device 23 into the heating zone 13 and serves there to preheat the anodes before they nachfo lying with the burner devices 19 are acted upon. By suitable throttling and control devices while the function of the primary air supply means 21 and the suction device 22 is coordinated so that adjoins the extending between the pits 16 heating channels supplemented by a controlled fuel supply of the burner devices 19, a predetermined temperature-time course.
Wie der Zeichnungsfigur zu entnehmen ist, weist der Anoden-Ringo fen 10 bzw. die beispielhaft dargestellte Ofeneinheit 1 1 eine Luftzuführvorrichtung 23 auf, die zusätzlich zu der Primärluft-Zuführeinrichtung 21 eine in der Aufheizzone 13 angeordnete Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung 24 umfasst. Die Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung 24 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Messeinrichtung 25 versehen, mit der Prozessparameter, wie beispielsweise die Temperatur und/oder derAs the drawing figure can be seen, the anode Ringo fen 10 and the oven unit 1 shown as an example 1 an air supply device 23, which comprises in addition to the primary air supply means 21 arranged in the heating zone 13 secondary air feeder 24. The secondary air supply device 24 is provided in the illustrated embodiment with a measuring device 25, with the process parameters, such as the temperature and / or the
Unterdruck, in der Aufheizzone 13 erfasst und als Eingangsgrößen an eine Steuereinrichtung 26 der Sekundärluft-Zuführvorrichtung 24 übermittelt werden, die den über die Sekundärluft-Zuführeinrichtung 24 in die Aufheizzone 13 eingeleiteten Luftvo lumenstrom regelt. Vacuum, detected in the heating zone 13 and transmitted as input to a control device 26 of the secondary air supply device 24, which controls the introduced via the secondary air supply device 24 in the heating zone 13 Luftvo lumenstrom.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009046937.0A DE102009046937B4 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Method and device for the production of anodes |
| PCT/EP2010/067512 WO2011061159A1 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-15 | Method and device for producing anodes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2502014A1 true EP2502014A1 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
| EP2502014B1 EP2502014B1 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
Family
ID=43618773
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10785014.1A Active EP2502014B1 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-15 | Method and device for producing anodes |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9328960B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2502014B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010320998B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2780844C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102009046937B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011061159A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110617712A (en) * | 2019-10-20 | 2019-12-27 | 单系夫 | Carbon raw material rotary calcining method and device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010128226A1 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2010-11-11 | Alcan International Limited | Method for adjusting an oven for baking anodes, and oven suitable for implementing same |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1330164A (en) * | 1918-01-22 | 1920-02-10 | Aluminum Co Of America | Ring-furnace |
| DE2008206C3 (en) | 1970-02-21 | 1974-05-02 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh | Process for firing carbon molded bodies in chamber ring furnaces |
| DE2010372B2 (en) | 1970-03-05 | 1976-11-04 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen | PROCESS FOR BURNING CARBON SHAPED BODIES IN CHAMBER RING FURNACES |
| US4253823A (en) * | 1979-05-17 | 1981-03-03 | Alcan Research & Development Limited | Procedure and apparatus for baking carbon bodies |
| DE3119517A1 (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1982-12-02 | Årdal og Sunndal Verk a.s., Oslo | Process for firing or calcining coal blocks in a circular kiln with recycling of the flue gas and an apparatus for carrying out the process |
| US4382778A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-05-10 | Noranda Mines Limited | Method and apparatus for reducing excess air inleakage into an open ring-type carbon baking furnace |
| FR2515799B1 (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1986-04-04 | Pechiney Aluminium | HEATING DEVICE FOR OPEN BAKING OVENS WITH A ROTATING FIRE AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME |
| US4687439A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-08-18 | Aluminum Company Of America & Delta Refractories, Inc. | Furnaces for baking anodes |
| DE3760518D1 (en) * | 1986-06-17 | 1989-10-05 | Pechiney Aluminium | Process and device to optimize the firing in an open chamber furnace for burning carbonaceous blocks |
| NO174364C (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1994-04-20 | Norsk Hydro As | Device by ring chamber oven |
| NO180215C (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1997-03-05 | Norsk Hydro As | Device for counter-pressure fan in a ring chamber furnace |
| CH695870A5 (en) | 2002-09-23 | 2006-09-29 | R & D Carbon Ltd | Optimizing the pitch steam combustion in a kiln for carbon electrodes. |
| FR2918164B1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-09-25 | Solios Environnement Sa | METHOD OF MONITORING A SMOKE DUCT CONNECTING A COOKING FURNACE OF CARBON BLOCKS TO A FUME TREATMENT CENTER |
| US8651856B2 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2014-02-18 | Innovatherm Prof. Dr. Leisenberg Gmbh | Method and device for heat recovery |
| US9970710B2 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2018-05-15 | Fluor Technologies Corporation | Carbon baking heat recovery ring furnace |
-
2009
- 2009-11-20 DE DE102009046937.0A patent/DE102009046937B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-11-15 WO PCT/EP2010/067512 patent/WO2011061159A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-11-15 AU AU2010320998A patent/AU2010320998B2/en active Active
- 2010-11-15 EP EP10785014.1A patent/EP2502014B1/en active Active
- 2010-11-15 US US13/510,248 patent/US9328960B2/en active Active
- 2010-11-15 CA CA2780844A patent/CA2780844C/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010128226A1 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2010-11-11 | Alcan International Limited | Method for adjusting an oven for baking anodes, and oven suitable for implementing same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2011061159A1 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102009046937B4 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
| AU2010320998B2 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
| DE102009046937A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
| US9328960B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
| US20120295208A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
| AU2010320998A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
| CA2780844C (en) | 2018-06-05 |
| EP2502014B1 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
| CA2780844A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
| WO2011061159A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
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