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EP2589050B1 - Ptfe material having an anti-corona effect - Google Patents

Ptfe material having an anti-corona effect Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2589050B1
EP2589050B1 EP11743273.2A EP11743273A EP2589050B1 EP 2589050 B1 EP2589050 B1 EP 2589050B1 EP 11743273 A EP11743273 A EP 11743273A EP 2589050 B1 EP2589050 B1 EP 2589050B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
ptfe
material according
lubricant
metal oxide
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EP11743273.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2589050A2 (en
Inventor
David Cade
Emmanuel Garraud
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Produit Plastiques Performants Holding -3P Holding
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Produit Plastiques Performants Holding -3P Holding
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
    • H01B3/445—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds from vinylfluorides or other fluoroethylenic compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/08—Insulating conductors or cables by winding
    • H01B13/0891—After-treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0241—Disposition of insulation comprising one or more helical wrapped layers of insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and its applications, such as the manufacture of electric cables.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • This phenomenon also called the corona effect, is influenced by various factors such as the nature and temperature of the material within which the discharge takes place and the pressure of the ambient air. In fact, when the air pressure decreases, the discharge appearance voltage also decreases. However, an airplane generally flies at an average altitude of 10,000 meters where the pressure is around 200 to 300 hPa. The flight conditions therefore favor the appearance of the corona effect.
  • US 2005/199414 describes lightened electrical conductors, but retaining a very good tensile strength, prepared from fluoropolymers; they can contain various additives such as pigments or flame retardants, in particular from 1 to 4% of metal oxide.
  • the work of the inventors has enabled them to develop a new material based on polytetrafluoroethylene and metal oxide having an anti-corona effect and overcoming the difficulties mentioned above.
  • PTFE is meant an unmodified or modified PTFE. By modification, one aims at a branched PTFE whose branching is linked to the carbon chain of PTFE via an oxygen atom.
  • residual density is meant a PTFE-based material having a density greater than 1.45.
  • metal oxide we mainly mean the oxides of alkaline earth metals, transition metals and poor metals.
  • the metal oxide is chosen from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, alumina, zinc oxide, copper oxide, magnesium oxide and silver oxide.
  • the lubricant is a hydrocarbon-based liquid, such as an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, in particular Isopar TM, and the wetting agent is a fatty alcohol, advantageously dodecan-1-ol.
  • the wetting agent allows better miscibility of the PTFE with the fillers and thus promotes the production of a homogeneous mixture.
  • Isopar TM (Exxon Mobil Chemical) is a mixture of high purity synthetic isoparaffinic hydrocarbons.
  • the material according to the invention therefore makes it possible to dissipate the electrons created during partial discharge (anti-corona effect).
  • the choice of the percentages of metal oxide and of lubricant, as well as the presence of the wetting agent makes it possible to obtain a final PTFE material of high density.
  • this material can be prepared by extrusion.
  • the particle size and the specific surface of the metal oxide particles will be controlled.
  • a particle size between 10nm and 1 ⁇ m, preferably between 150nm and 500nm will be preferred.
  • metal oxide particles having a specific surface of between 3 and 200 m 2 / g, preferably between 5 and 50 m 2 / g will be chosen.
  • the material also comprises 0 to 3% by weight of a pigment.
  • the material according to the invention is in the form of a ribbon, generally several kilometers long and 3 to 400 mm wide after extrusion and cutting.
  • the ribbon When it is marketed, the ribbon will advantageously have a width of 5 to 30 mm.
  • the calendering is carried out at a pressure greater than 150 bars and the drying at a temperature ranging from 130 to 230 ° C.
  • the ribbon can be delivered raw when it is intended to be used as a raw material or cooked when it is already shaped in the finished product.
  • the cooking step is performed in an oven at a temperature below 450 ° C, preferably below 400 ° C.
  • the invention finally relates to the different uses of the material according to the invention.
  • the material according to the invention is an electrical insulator, particularly suitable for the manufacture of electrical cables.
  • the characteristics of this material make it a material of choice for applications in the aeronautical field.
  • the invention therefore relates to an electric cable comprising a ribbon of material according to the invention, wound around a conductive core.
  • conductive core is meant a strand allowing conductivity, such as a strand of copper or alumina a few millimeters in diameter, optionally treated with silver to improve the conductivity.
  • the same cable can include one or more conductive cores.
  • This (s) can be surrounded by a polyimide film, for example of the Kapton® type (Dupont), before winding with one or more ribbons according to the invention.
  • the material according to the invention is used as an electrical insulator, in particular in the field of aeronautics. Indeed, in addition to its anti-corona effect, the material according to the invention advantageously has thermal resistance properties.
  • Example 1 Comparison of two formulations of PTFE material
  • Formulation 1 Formulation 2 PTFE powder (kg) 10 10 Charge ZnO Al 2 O 3 Load rate (kg) 1 1 Granulometry (nm) 500 100 Specific surface (m 2 / g) 15 10 Isopar TM (kg) 2.5 2.9 Density (on finished product) 1.5 1.38
  • the metal oxide and the PTFE powder are mixed to form the first mixture.
  • this first mixture is sieved to avoid the presence of aggregates.
  • the lubricant (Isopar), the wetting agent and possibly the pigments are then mixed to form a second mixture.
  • the second mixture is then sprayed onto the first mixture and the resulting product is then mixed again and then sieved to be homogeneous.
  • Extrusion / calendering The product is then compacted to make a preform, generally a cylinder 30 cm high and 10 cm in diameter. These preforms are then extruded and then calendared to obtain a ribbon of the desired thickness (for example, 76 ⁇ m). This tape is then passed through the oven to evaporate the lubricant and is wound on a core.
  • Cutting / packaging This last step is used to condition the ribbon (for example, on a pancake or on a universal reel).
  • the ribbon can be delivered raw to customers. When it is used on the cable, it undergoes a heat treatment at a maximum temperature of 450 ° C., preferably 380 ° C.
  • Example 1 makes it possible to obtain an exploitable ribbon unlike Example 2.
  • the ribbon according to Example 2 has a sticky texture (delamination) and of non-homogeneous density.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un matériau à base de polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE) et ses applications, telles que la fabrication de câbles électriques.The present invention relates to a material based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and its applications, such as the manufacture of electric cables.

Les récents développements de l'industrie aéronautique ont contribué à augmenter notablement le nombre des équipements électriques à bord des appareils. Par ailleurs, l'apparition des gros porteurs et le souhait de limiter l'impact des vols sur l'environnement ont conduit les constructeurs aéronautiques à rechercher des moyens pour minimiser le poids desdits appareils.Recent developments in the aeronautical industry have contributed to a significant increase in the number of electrical equipment on board aircraft. In addition, the appearance of wide-body aircraft and the desire to limit the impact of flights on the environment have led aircraft manufacturers to look for ways to minimize the weight of said aircraft.

Au niveau des câbles électriques mis en oeuvre dans les appareils aéronautiques, ces tendances se sont traduites par la fabrication de câbles susceptibles de transmettre une tension de plus en plus importante sans en modifier si possible le poids ou les dimensions. Dans ces conditions, l'augmentation de la tension a eu pour conséquence de générer au sein des câbles, un phénomène de décharges partielles électriques par ionisation de l'air par avalanche. Dans ce phénomène, les électrons, soumis à un champ électrique intense, acquièrent assez d'énergie pour provoquer l'ionisation des molécules neutres (par exemple, des molécules de gaz constituants l'air) et créer ainsi de nouveaux électrons libres, également susceptibles d'ioniser d'autres molécules neutres. Lorsque la tension est suffisante, un arc électrique se produit.With regard to the electrical cables used in aeronautical devices, these trends have resulted in the manufacture of cables capable of transmitting an increasing voltage without modifying their weight or dimensions if possible. Under these conditions, the increase in voltage had the consequence of generating within the cables, a phenomenon of partial electric discharges by ionization of the air by avalanche. In this phenomenon, the electrons, subjected to an intense electric field, acquire enough energy to cause the ionization of the neutral molecules (for example, molecules of gas constituting the air) and thus to create new free electrons, also susceptible to ionize other neutral molecules. When the voltage is sufficient, an electric arc occurs.

Ce phénomène, également appelé effet corona, est influencé par divers facteurs tels que la nature et la température du matériau au sein duquel a lieu la décharge et la pression de l'air ambiant. En effet, lorsque la pression de l'air diminue, la tension d'apparition de décharge diminue également. Or, un avion vole en général à une altitude moyenne de 10 000 mètres où la pression est d'environ de 200 à 300 hPa. Les conditions de vol favorisent donc l'apparition de l'effet corona.This phenomenon, also called the corona effect, is influenced by various factors such as the nature and temperature of the material within which the discharge takes place and the pressure of the ambient air. In fact, when the air pressure decreases, the discharge appearance voltage also decreases. However, an airplane generally flies at an average altitude of 10,000 meters where the pressure is around 200 to 300 hPa. The flight conditions therefore favor the appearance of the corona effect.

Quand une décharge partielle a lieu au sein d'un câble comportant une âme conductrice enrobée d'un matériau isolant, ce matériau subit différentes contraintes :

  • une contrainte thermique, due l'augmentation locale de la température dans la zone où se produit la décharge partielle,
  • des contraintes chimiques, dues à la génération d'ozone et d'acide nitrique lors de la décharge partielle,
  • des contraintes mécaniques, dues à l'érosion de la surface du matériau et à l'agrandissement des pores au sein de celui-ci.
When a partial discharge takes place within a cable comprising a conductive core coated with an insulating material, this material undergoes various constraints:
  • thermal stress, due to the local increase in temperature in the area where the partial discharge occurs,
  • chemical constraints, due to the generation of ozone and nitric acid during partial discharge,
  • mechanical stresses, due to the erosion of the surface of the material and the enlargement of the pores within it.

Toutes ces contraintes provoquent une détérioration du matériau allant du simple vieillissement prématuré à l'apparition de fissures.All these constraints cause a deterioration of the material ranging from simple premature aging to the appearance of cracks.

US 2005/199414 décrit des conducteurs électriques allégés, mais conservant une très bonne résistance à la traction, préparés à partir de polymères fluorés ; ils peuvent contenir différents additifs tels que des pigments ou des retardateurs de flamme, notamment de 1 à 4% d'oxyde métallique. US 2005/199414 describes lightened electrical conductors, but retaining a very good tensile strength, prepared from fluoropolymers; they can contain various additives such as pigments or flame retardants, in particular from 1 to 4% of metal oxide.

La demande US 2004/0031620 décrit un câble électrique dont le matériau isolant entourant l'âme conductrice est une matrice à base de polyamideimide ou de polyesterimide à laquelle est ajoutée un oxyde de métal, le dioxyde de titane. Ce matériau permet d'éviter l'effet corona.Requirement US 2004/0031620 describes an electric cable whose insulating material surrounding the conductive core is a polyamideimide or polyesterimide-based matrix to which is added a metal oxide, titanium dioxide. This material avoids the corona effect.

Or, certaines applications nécessitent la mise en œuvre de matériau présentant à la fois des propriétés d'isolation électrique et une bonne résistance à la température, tel que le PTFE.However, certain applications require the use of material having both electrical insulation properties and good temperature resistance, such as PTFE.

Toutefois, l'introduction d'oxydes de métal (également appelées charges) telles que le dioxyde de titane dans du PTFE extrudé à des teneurs permettant d'obtenir un effet anti-corona, n'a pas été réalisée jusqu'à aujourd'hui. En effet, cette introduction soulève deux difficultés majeures :

  • la présence de charges au sein du PTFE a pour conséquence de rendre le PTFE poreux et donc de conduire à l'obtention d'un matériau PTFE de faible densité. Or, afin de ne pas favoriser l'effet corona, il est nécessaire de limiter la quantité d'air présente dans le matériau et par conséquent, de minimiser le nombre de pores présents dans celui-ci.
  • la présence de charge au sein du PTFE entraîne par ailleurs des problèmes lors de l'extrusion du matériau, tels que l'augmentation de la pression d'extrusion ou le risque de casse au niveau du calandrage. Ces phénomènes peuvent être résolus par l'ajout de lubrifiant à la composition. Cependant, lors de l'étape de séchage, le lubrifiant est également susceptible de créer des pores dans le matériau dans lequel il est incorporé, conduisant alors à un matériau de faible densité.
However, the introduction of metal oxides (also called fillers) such as titanium dioxide in extruded PTFE at levels allowing to obtain an anti-corona effect, has not been carried out until today . Indeed, this introduction raises two major difficulties:
  • the presence of fillers within the PTFE has the consequence of making the PTFE porous and therefore of leading to the production of a low density PTFE material. However, in order not to promote the corona effect, it is necessary to limit the amount of air present in the material and therefore to minimize the number of pores present in it.
  • the presence of filler within the PTFE also causes problems during the extrusion of the material, such as an increase in the extrusion pressure or the risk of breakage in the calendering. These phenomena can be resolved by adding lubricant to the composition. However, during the drying step, the lubricant is also capable of creating pores in the material in which it is incorporated, thus leading to a material of low density.

Le travail des inventeurs leur a permis de mettre au point un nouveau matériau à base de polytétrafluoroéthylène et d'oxyde de métal présentant un effet anti-corona et surmontant les difficultés citées ci-avant.The work of the inventors has enabled them to develop a new material based on polytetrafluoroethylene and metal oxide having an anti-corona effect and overcoming the difficulties mentioned above.

La présente invention est donc relative à un matériau à base de polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), de densité usuelle, supérieure à 1,45, préparé à partir d'un mélange comportant :

  • du PTFE,
  • 5 à 15% en poids d'un oxyde de métal, de préférence 5 à 12% en poids, plus préférentiellement encore de 5 à 10% en poids,
  • 15 à 30% en poids d'un lubrifiant, de préférence 20 à 27% en poids,
  • 0,1 à 1% en poids d'un agent de mouillabilité, de préférence 0,3 à 0,7% en poids,
les pourcentages en poids étant donné par rapport au poids total de PTFE.The present invention therefore relates to a material based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), of usual density, greater than 1.45, prepared from a mixture comprising:
  • PTFE,
  • 5 to 15% by weight of a metal oxide, preferably 5 to 12% by weight, more preferably still 5 to 10% by weight,
  • 15 to 30% by weight of a lubricant, preferably 20 to 27% by weight,
  • 0.1 to 1% by weight of a wetting agent, preferably 0.3 to 0.7% by weight,
the percentages by weight given relative to the total weight of PTFE.

Par « PTFE », on vise un PTFE non modifié ou modifié. Par modifié, on vise un PTFE ramifié dont la ramification est liée à la chaîne carbonée du PTFE via un atome d'oxygène.By "PTFE" is meant an unmodified or modified PTFE. By modification, one aims at a branched PTFE whose branching is linked to the carbon chain of PTFE via an oxygen atom.

Par « densité usuelle », on vise un matériau à base de PTFE ayant une densité supérieure à 1,45.By "usual density" is meant a PTFE-based material having a density greater than 1.45.

Par « oxyde de métal », on vise principalement les oxydes de métaux alcalino-terreux, de métaux de transition et de métaux pauvres. Avantageusement, l'oxyde de métal est choisie parmi le groupe constitué par le dioxyde de titane, l'alumine, l'oxyde de zinc, l'oxyde de cuivre, l'oxyde de magnésium et l'oxyde d'argent.By “metal oxide”, we mainly mean the oxides of alkaline earth metals, transition metals and poor metals. Advantageously, the metal oxide is chosen from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, alumina, zinc oxide, copper oxide, magnesium oxide and silver oxide.

Une fois extrudé, le matériau PTFE de densité supérieure à 1,45 tel que préparé ci-avant, présente la composition suivante :

  • PTFE,
  • 5 à 15% en poids d'un oxyde de métal, de préférence 5 à 12% en poids, plus préférentiellement encore de 5 à 10% en poids,
  • des traces d'un lubrifiant et/ou d'un agent de mouillabilité,
les pourcentages en poids étant donné par rapport au poids total de PTFE.Once extruded, the PTFE material with a density greater than 1.45 as prepared above, has the following composition:
  • PTFE,
  • 5 to 15% by weight of a metal oxide, preferably 5 to 12% by weight, more preferably still 5 to 10% by weight,
  • traces of a lubricant and / or a wetting agent,
the percentages by weight given relative to the total weight of PTFE.

De préférence, le lubrifiant est un liquide à base d'hydrocarbures, tel qu'un hydrocarbure isoparaffinique, en particulier de l'Isopar™, et l'agent de mouillabilité est un alcool gras, avantageusement le dodécan-1-ol. L'agent de mouillabilité permet une meilleure miscibilité du PTFE avec les charges et favorise ainsi l'obtention d'un mélange homogène.Preferably, the lubricant is a hydrocarbon-based liquid, such as an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, in particular Isopar ™, and the wetting agent is a fatty alcohol, advantageously dodecan-1-ol. The wetting agent allows better miscibility of the PTFE with the fillers and thus promotes the production of a homogeneous mixture.

L'isopar™ (Exxon Mobil Chemical) est un mélange d'hydrocarbures isoparaffiniques synthétiques de grande pureté.Isopar ™ (Exxon Mobil Chemical) is a mixture of high purity synthetic isoparaffinic hydrocarbons.

Le matériau selon l'invention permet donc de dissiper les électrons créés lors de la décharge partielle (effet anti-corona). Le choix des pourcentages en oxyde de métal et en lubrifiant, ainsi que la présence de l'agent de mouillabilité permet d'obtenir un matériau PTFE final de haute densité. De plus, ce matériau peut être préparé par extrusion.The material according to the invention therefore makes it possible to dissipate the electrons created during partial discharge (anti-corona effect). The choice of the percentages of metal oxide and of lubricant, as well as the presence of the wetting agent makes it possible to obtain a final PTFE material of high density. In addition, this material can be prepared by extrusion.

Avantageusement, la granulométrie et la surface spécifique des particules d'oxyde de métal seront contrôlées. Une granulométrie comprise entre 10nm et 1µm, de préférence, comprise entre 150nm et 500nm sera préférée. De même, on choisira des particules d'oxyde de métal présentant une surface spécifique comprise entre 3 et 200m2/g , de préférence, comprise entre 5 et 50 m2/g.Advantageously, the particle size and the specific surface of the metal oxide particles will be controlled. A particle size between 10nm and 1µm, preferably between 150nm and 500nm will be preferred. Likewise, metal oxide particles having a specific surface of between 3 and 200 m 2 / g, preferably between 5 and 50 m 2 / g, will be chosen.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le matériau comporte en outre 0 à 3% en poids d'un pigment.According to one embodiment of the invention, the material also comprises 0 to 3% by weight of a pigment.

Pour une application dans le domaine des câbles électriques, le matériau selon l'invention se présente sous la forme d'un ruban, généralement de plusieurs kilomètres de long et de 3 à 400 mm de largeur après extrusion et découpe. Lors de sa commercialisation le ruban présentera avantageusement une largeur de 5 à 30 mm.For an application in the field of electric cables, the material according to the invention is in the form of a ribbon, generally several kilometers long and 3 to 400 mm wide after extrusion and cutting. When it is marketed, the ribbon will advantageously have a width of 5 to 30 mm.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau PTFE tel que décrit ci-avant, comportant les étapes consistant à :

  • mélanger le PTFE, l'oxyde de métal, le lubrifiant, l'agent de mouillabilité et le pigment éventuel, et
  • extruder le produit résultant de l'étape de mélange.
The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a PTFE material as described above, comprising the steps consisting in:
  • mix the PTFE, the metal oxide, the lubricant, the wetting agent and the possible pigment, and
  • extrude the product resulting from the mixing step.

De préférence, l'étape de mélange décrite ci-avant s'effectuera en deux temps. Le procédé comportera alors les étapes suivantes consistant à :

  • préparer un premier mélange comportant l'oxyde de métal et le PTFE en poudre,
  • préparer un second mélange comportant le lubrifiant, l'agent de mouillabilité et le pigment éventuel,
  • pulvériser le second mélange sur le premier mélange,
  • homogénéiser puis tamiser le produit résultant, et
  • extruder le produit résultant.
Preferably, the mixing step described above will be carried out in two stages. The method will then include the following steps consisting in:
  • prepare a first mixture comprising the metal oxide and the powdered PTFE,
  • preparing a second mixture comprising the lubricant, the wetting agent and the optional pigment,
  • spray the second mixture on the first mixture,
  • homogenize and then sieve the resulting product, and
  • extrude the resulting product.

Ce procédé permet l'obtention d'un produit plus homogène car il limite considérablement les agrégats. Or, lors de l'étape subséquente de calandrage, la présence d'agrégats dans le matériau est un élément critique, étant donné la finesse que l'on souhaite obtenir pour le ruban final, de l'ordre de 50 à 200µm d'épaisseur.This process makes it possible to obtain a more homogeneous product because it considerably limits the aggregates. However, during the subsequent calendering step, the presence of aggregates in the material is a critical element, given the fineness that one wishes to obtain for the final ribbon, of the order of 50 to 200 μm in thickness. .

Comme évoqué ci-avant, le procédé comporte en général deux étapes supplémentaires après extrusion :

  • le calendrage, et
  • le séchage.
As mentioned above, the process generally comprises two additional steps after extrusion:
  • the calendar, and
  • drying.

Le calendrage est réalisé à une pression supérieure à 150 bars et le séchage à une température allant de 130 à 230°C.The calendering is carried out at a pressure greater than 150 bars and the drying at a temperature ranging from 130 to 230 ° C.

Le ruban peut être livré cru lorsqu'il il est destiné à être utilisé comme matière première ou cuit lorsqu'il est déjà mis en forme dans le produit fini. L'étape de cuisson est réalisée dans un four à une température inférieure à 450°C, de préférence, inférieure à 400°C.The ribbon can be delivered raw when it is intended to be used as a raw material or cooked when it is already shaped in the finished product. The cooking step is performed in an oven at a temperature below 450 ° C, preferably below 400 ° C.

L'invention concerne enfin les différentes utilisations du matériau selon l'invention.The invention finally relates to the different uses of the material according to the invention.

Selon une première utilisation, le matériau selon l'invention est un isolant électrique, particulièrement adapté à la fabrication de câbles électriques. En particulier, les caractéristiques de ce matériau en font un matériau de choix pour des applications dans le domaine aéronautique.According to a first use, the material according to the invention is an electrical insulator, particularly suitable for the manufacture of electrical cables. In particular, the characteristics of this material make it a material of choice for applications in the aeronautical field.

L'invention vise donc un câble électrique comportant un ruban en matériau selon l'invention, enroulé autour d'une âme conductrice.The invention therefore relates to an electric cable comprising a ribbon of material according to the invention, wound around a conductive core.

Par « âme conductrice », on vise un brin permettant la conductivité, tel qu'un brin de cuivre ou d'alumine de quelques millimètres de diamètre, optionnellement traité à l'argent pour améliorer la conductivité.By "conductive core" is meant a strand allowing conductivity, such as a strand of copper or alumina a few millimeters in diameter, optionally treated with silver to improve the conductivity.

Un même câble peut comporter une ou plusieurs âmes conductrices. Celle(s)-ci peu(ven)t être entourée(s) d'un film polyimide, par exemple de type Kapton® (Dupont), avant enroulement par un ou plusieurs rubans selon l'invention.The same cable can include one or more conductive cores. This (s) can be surrounded by a polyimide film, for example of the Kapton® type (Dupont), before winding with one or more ribbons according to the invention.

Avantageusement, le câble peut être préparé à l'aide d'un procédé comportant les étapes consistant à :

  • enrouler un ruban autour d'une âme conductrice, et,
  • cuire le câble à une température inférieure à 450°C, préférentiellement inférieure à 400°C.
Advantageously, the cable can be prepared using a method comprising the steps consisting in:
  • wrap a ribbon around a conductive core, and,
  • bake the cable at a temperature below 450 ° C, preferably below 400 ° C.

Selon une seconde utilisation, le matériau selon l'invention est utilisé comme isolant électrique, en particulier dans le domaine de l'aéronautique. En effet, outre son effet anti-corona, le matériau selon l'invention présente avantageusement des propriétés de résistance thermique.According to a second use, the material according to the invention is used as an electrical insulator, in particular in the field of aeronautics. Indeed, in addition to its anti-corona effect, the material according to the invention advantageously has thermal resistance properties.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de l'exemple qui suit, donné à titre illustratif uniquement.The invention will be better understood on reading the following example, given by way of illustration only.

Exemple 1 : Comparaison de deux formulations de matériau PTFEExample 1: Comparison of two formulations of PTFE material Formulations :Formulations:

Formulation 1Formulation 1 Formulation 2Formulation 2 PTFE poudre (kg)PTFE powder (kg) 1010 1010 ChargeCharge ZnOZnO Al2O3 Al 2 O 3 Taux de charge (kg)Load rate (kg) 11 11 Granulométrie (nm)Granulometry (nm) 500500 100100 Surface spécifique (m2/g)Specific surface (m 2 / g) 1515 1010 Isopar™ (kg)Isopar ™ (kg) 2,52.5 2,92.9 Densité (sur produit fini)Density (on finished product) 1,51.5 1,381.38

Procédé de fabrication :Manufacturing process :

Le procédé comporte 3 étapes :

  • mélange,
  • extrusion / calandrage,
  • découpe / conditionnement.
The process has 3 stages:
  • mixed,
  • extrusion / calendering,
  • cutting / packaging.

Mélange : L'oxyde de métal et la poudre PTFE sont mélangés afin de constituer le premier mélange. Avantageusement, ce premier mélange est tamisé pour éviter la présence d'agrégats. Le lubrifiant (Isopar), l'agent de mouillabilité et éventuellement les pigments sont ensuite mélangés pour former un second mélange. Le second mélange est ensuite pulvérisé sur le premier mélange et le produit résultant est ensuite à nouveau mélangé puis tamisé pour être homogène.Mixing: The metal oxide and the PTFE powder are mixed to form the first mixture. Advantageously, this first mixture is sieved to avoid the presence of aggregates. The lubricant (Isopar), the wetting agent and possibly the pigments are then mixed to form a second mixture. The second mixture is then sprayed onto the first mixture and the resulting product is then mixed again and then sieved to be homogeneous.

Extrusion / calandrage : Le produit est alors compacté pour réaliser une préforme, en général un cylindre de 30 cm de haut et de 10 cm de diamètre. Ces préformes sont ensuite extrudées puis calendrées pour obtenir un ruban de l'épaisseur désirée (par exemple, 76µm). Ce ruban est alors passé au four afin d'évaporer le lubrifiant et est enroulé sur un noyau.Extrusion / calendering: The product is then compacted to make a preform, generally a cylinder 30 cm high and 10 cm in diameter. These preforms are then extruded and then calendared to obtain a ribbon of the desired thickness (for example, 76 μm). This tape is then passed through the oven to evaporate the lubricant and is wound on a core.

Découpe / conditionnement : Cette dernière étape permet de conditionner le ruban (par exemple, en galette ou en bobine universelle).Cutting / packaging: This last step is used to condition the ribbon (for example, on a pancake or on a universal reel).

Le ruban peut être livré cru aux clients. Lors de sa mise en oeuvre sur le câble, il subit un traitement thermique à une température maximum de 450°C, préférentiellement, 380°C.The ribbon can be delivered raw to customers. When it is used on the cable, it undergoes a heat treatment at a maximum temperature of 450 ° C., preferably 380 ° C.

Conclusion :Conclusion:

L'exemple 1 permet d'obtenir un ruban exploitable contrairement à l'exemple 2. En effet, le ruban selon l'exemple 2 présente une texture collante (délamination) et de densité non homogène.Example 1 makes it possible to obtain an exploitable ribbon unlike Example 2. In fact, the ribbon according to Example 2 has a sticky texture (delamination) and of non-homogeneous density.

Claims (13)

  1. Polytetrafluoroethylene-based (PTFE) material, of relative density greater than 1.45, prepared from a mixture comprising:
    - PTFE,
    - 5 to 15 % by weight of a metal oxide,
    - 15 to 30 % by weight of a lubricant,
    - 0.1 to 1 % by weight of a surfactant,
    the percentages by weight being given with respect to the total weight of PTFE.
  2. Method for manufacturing a material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
    - mixing the PTFE, 5 to 15 % by weight of metal oxide, 15 to 30 % by weight of lubricant, 0.1 to 1 % by weight of a surfactant and a possible pigment, the percentages by weight being given with respect to the total weight of PTFE and
    - extruding the resulting product.
  3. Method according to claim 2, further comprising after the extrusion step, a calendering step and a drying step.
  4. Polytetrafluoroethylene-based (PTFE) material, of relative density greater than 1.45, obtainable by the method according to any one of claims 2 and 3, comprising:
    - PTFE,
    - 5 to 15 % by weight of a metal oxide,
    - traces of a lubricant and/or of a surfactant,
    the percentages by weight being given with respect to the total weight of PTFE.
  5. Material according to any one of claims 1 and 4, wherein the lubricant is a hydrocarbon-based liquid, such as an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon.
  6. Material according to any one of claims 1, 4 and 5, wherein the surfactant is a fatty alcohol such as dodecan-1-ol.
  7. Material according to any one of claims 1 and 4 to 6, wherein the metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, alumina, zinc oxide, copper oxide, magnesium oxide and silver oxide.
  8. Material according to any one of claims 1 and 4 to 7, further comprising 0 to 3 % by weight of a pigment.
  9. Material according to any one of claims 1 and 4 to 8, in the form of a tape.
  10. Material according to claim 9, wherein the tape is uncured.
  11. Electric cable comprising a tape according to claim 9, wound around a conducting core.
  12. Method for manufacturing the electric cable according to claim 11, by winding the tape around a conducting core and curing at a maximum temperature of 450 °C.
  13. Use of a material according to any one of claims 1 and 4 to 10, as electrical insulator.
EP11743273.2A 2010-07-02 2011-06-30 Ptfe material having an anti-corona effect Active EP2589050B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1055386A FR2962128B1 (en) 2010-07-02 2010-07-02 PTFE MATERIAL WITH ANTI-CORONA EFFECT
PCT/FR2011/051529 WO2012001313A2 (en) 2010-07-02 2011-06-30 Ptfe material having an anti-corona effect

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2589050A2 EP2589050A2 (en) 2013-05-08
EP2589050B1 true EP2589050B1 (en) 2020-02-26

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EP (1) EP2589050B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103081030B (en)
BR (1) BR112012033721B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2802592A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2962128B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2569368C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012001313A2 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
BR112012033721B1 (en) 2021-05-18
CN103081030B (en) 2016-05-11
WO2012001313A2 (en) 2012-01-05
US20130264090A1 (en) 2013-10-10
US9728299B2 (en) 2017-08-08
EP2589050A2 (en) 2013-05-08
RU2012156264A (en) 2014-08-10
CA2802592A1 (en) 2012-01-05
FR2962128A1 (en) 2012-01-06
WO2012001313A3 (en) 2012-05-10
RU2569368C2 (en) 2015-11-27
CN103081030A (en) 2013-05-01
FR2962128B1 (en) 2013-06-14
BR112012033721A2 (en) 2017-11-07

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