EP2584264B1 - Grate stage module for a push combustion grate - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a grate module for a thrust combustion grate for burning refuse in a large system according to claim 1.

In particular, the invention relates to a grate stage module for a shear combustion grate for burning refuse in a large-scale plant, wherein the grate stage module has a carrier part for the grate steps.

Push combustion burners for burning rubbish have long been known. Thrust combustion grates of this type have a number of movable grate stages which are capable of performing thrust strokes and thus to convey the kiln on the combustion grate in the desired direction. Typically, in such feed grates every second grate stage is arranged stationary and the intermediate grate stages are mounted mechanically movable. It is also known that such shear combustion grates are exposed during operation enormous loads mechanical, thermal and chemical nature. It is therefore usually heavy metal structures whose installation, removal and maintenance is usually very expensive because of the high weight and heavy wear.

An example of a shear combustion grate module for burning garbage in large plants is from the WO 95/18333 , which discloses the preamble of claim 1, known. This module consists of several mutually movable grate steps, a primary air supply and a slag catch. The module as a whole including all drive supply and control elements forms an indivisible and finished module. The module has a load-bearing chassis-like frame construction for all rust levels or for the whole grate. A weight saving is achieved in particular by the fact that load-bearing elements and the grate consist of weight-saving sheet-metal hollow bodies which, when installed, can be flowed through by a liquid medium and thus cooled. Thanks to this liquid cooling The most important elements of the components can be kept in operation at relatively low and only slightly fluctuating temperatures, so that at least partially even the dilation compensation elements can be omitted in narrow Roststufenbahnen. Overall, the idea of modular design is indeed needed, but it is clearly aimed at a prefabricated module that can be installed as a whole and is transportable by road. While this may be an advantage in new designs, it is not, in maintenance and adaptation work, because it would be undesirable to have to replace large modules in the case of maintenance or to have restrictions on flexibility in the case of customization due to a specific module design.

In the WO 95/18333 Each of the movable grate stages is powered by its own hydraulic cylinder-piston unit. The flow line for the cooling medium, a supply channel for sealing air and the ventilation channel for the primary air run immediately below the grate steps in the longitudinal direction of the combustion grate. Of course, the latter means that an adaptation or change of an existing zone-air separation, which is at most necessary during operation, is likely to be at least severely hampered. Burning grates are known to be subdivided into different combustion zones because, depending on the combustion zone, greatly differing conditions prevail which also require different ventilation and cooling. Zone adjustments may be necessary, for example, if the nature and composition of the waste to be incinerated changes permanently.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a grate level module for a shear combustion grate for burning refuse in a large facility, which is easier to handle in the assembly and maintenance and offers greater flexibility in the adaptability of the zone-air separation.

This object is achieved by the feature combination of claim 1.

The solution is that in a generic Roststufenmodul exactly one solid grate stage and exactly one movable grate stage and an associated grate stage drive is provided. In this case, the movable grate level relative to the fixed grate level with the Roststufenantrieb reciprocally slidable. In addition, the Roststufenmodul with other similar Roststufenmodulen is lined up seamlessly. This initially has the advantage that shear combustion grates of any length can be formed in a simple manner.

But this design also brings the additional advantage that in principle a zone-air separation in the form of a zone dividing plate can be mounted easily between two grate stage modules. Thus one achieves the desired greater flexibility with regard to the adaptability of the zone-air separation in waste incineration plants.

Of course, with regard to in the WO 95/18333 Of course, a substantial absence or complete absence of longitudinal ducts for conveying air or cooling media in the conveying direction of the combustion grate directly under the grate steps of a greater flexibility with respect to the adaptability of the zone-air separation is of course very helpful. In the further embodiments it is shown that the desired flexibility in this case can actually be realized in many cases thanks to the special design of the grate step plates on the grate steps. On the one hand, it can be assumed that even with conventional design of grate plates, not all zones of a grate always require additional cooling, and on the other hand can be additionally achieved with the special design of the grate step plates mentioned below that only a few zones or zone areas ultimately must be cooled. The special one Design of the grate step plates, which are preferably fastened individually, includes that the grate step plates have on the combustion material side facing a suitable welding plating. This makes it possible to achieve a comparatively higher wear resistance even with uncooled grate step plates than with common grate step plates without weld plating. Of course, such Roststufenplatten inside even have a meandering channel for guiding a cooling medium through the Rosstufenplatte, which of course further increases the wear resistance of the rust step plates thanks to cooling. It goes without saying that a modular concept with relatively simple modules of small size, regardless of the cooling requirement in individual zones or individual module groups for the general ease of maintainability is probably always useful and advantageous.

Another advantage of the simple modular construction is that the grate stage modules can in principle have different step heights or different step formations. The seamless juxtaposition of such differently designed Roststufenmodule always requires only a minimum of structural adjustments. Furthermore, the different step heights or the different step formations can of course be formed both in the fixed and in the movable grate step. Such deviations in the shape may be advantageous to ensure the reliable further transport of the combustion material.

Another advantage of the inventive Roststufenmoduls is the particularly simple and reliable mechanism with which the reciprocating motion of the movable grate stage is generated. For this purpose, the grate step drive on each side of the grate stage module depending on a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinders are of course controlled simultaneously and together. The hydraulic cylinders bring about on both sides drive lever, a drive shaft, further drive lever and lever the reciprocating displacement of the movable grate stage. Thus, a rotational movement of the drive shaft is converted into a purely translational reciprocating motion of the movable grate stage in a simple manner and the hydraulic cylinders as force-generating drive elements are also arranged in less-risky side areas. In this case, the translational guidance of the movable grate stage via guide members, which are fixedly connected to the movable grate stage, and via guide rollers, which are attached to the support member.

The inventive design of the grate stage module also makes it possible that even very wide grates are easy to implement. Due to the increased weight load, basically only elements of the grate stage module, in particular, of course, the carrier part, must be configured accordingly in terms of strength. Known grids common design are usually divided into individual grate tracks of about 2-3 meters wide. Between these grate tracks middle webs are installed for the expansion absorption. These middle bars are very expensive to produce and maintain. With the inventive design of the grate module, in principle, grates with a continuous width of over 6 meters and without central webs can be realized. To catch the thermal expansions of the individual components of course, however, suitable technical measures must be provided, but these are usually easier to make when can be dispensed with central webs.

Fig. 1

einen Schub-Verbrennungsrost in schematischer Seitenansicht, bei dem eine Anzahl von erfindungsgemässen Roststufenmodulen aneinandergereiht ist, die

Fig. 2

ein Roststufenmodul in räumlicher Teilansicht von hinten mit vorgeschobener beweglicher Roststufe, die

Fig. 3

das Roststufenmodul von Fig. 2 in räumlicher Teilansicht von hinten mit zurückgezogener beweglicher Roststufe, die

Fig. 4

das Roststufenmodul von Fig. 2 in räumlicher Teilansicht von hinten mit angebrachtem Zonentrennblech, die

Fig. 5

das Roststufenmodul von Fig. 4 in räumlicher Teilansicht von vorne, und die

Fig. 6

das Roststufenmodul gemäss den Fig. 2-5 in einer teilweisen Ansicht von vorne.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings of an embodiment. It shows the

Fig. 1

a thrust combustion grate in a schematic side view, in which a number of inventive grate stage modules is strung together, the

Fig. 2

a Roststufenmodul in partial spatial view from behind with advanced mobile grate stage, the

Fig. 3

the rust stage module of Fig. 2 in partial spatial view from behind with retracted movable rust level, the

Fig. 4

the rust stage module of Fig. 2 in partial spatial view from the rear with attached zoning panel, the

Fig. 5

the rust stage module of Fig. 4 in partial spatial view from the front, and the

Fig. 6

the grate level module according to Fig. 2-5 in a partial view from the front.

The Fig. 1 shows a thrust combustion grate in a schematic side view, in which a number of inventive grate stage modules (1) is lined up. The grate module (1) comprises a support part (2), exactly one fixed grate step (3), exactly one movable grate step (4) and one grate step drive with hydraulic cylinders (5) as force-generating drive elements. The movable grate step (4) is relative to the fixed grate step (3) by means of Roststufenantriebs reciprocally displaced. The Roststufenmodul (1) can be lined up with other Roststufenmodulen (1) without gaps so as to form the entire shear combustion grate. Shown here are exemplified six juxtaposed Roststufenmodule (1), the number of juxtaposed Roststufenmodule (1) is basically freely selectable.

Be inventive grate stage modules (1) as in the Fig. 1 shown lined up seamlessly, the result is the pattern typically used in combustion grates, in which every second step rust is arranged stationary and the intermediate grate stages are mounted mechanically movable. The representation according to Fig. 1 also illustrates the commonly used control principle for the movable grate stages 4, in which alternately a respective movable grate level 4 in maximum advanced position (A), while in each case a further subsequent movable grate level 4 in the maximum retracted position (B); in the case of more than two grate modules 1, in turn, in alternating order. In this way, the firing material (not shown) on the scalding combustion grate is gradually pushed forward in the transporting direction (T). The individual movable grate steps 4 each move in translation in one direction (S) back and forth.

As Roststufenantrieb here the group of components is referred to, with a movable Rosstufe 4 is moved translationally. Some of these components are in the Fig. 1 at least partially visible (for further clarification see in particular the Fig. 2 ). The pivotally mounted hydraulic cylinder 5 acts on a drive lever 6, which sets a drive shaft 7 in rotary motion. At the drive shaft 7 angular offset further drive lever 8 are mounted. At the other drive lever 8 lever 9 are articulated, which in turn are articulated to the movable grate level 4. In this way, the originally translational reciprocating movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is converted into a rotational movement of the drive shaft 7 and finally back into a translational reciprocating motion of the movable grate plates 4. This mechanism can be seen particularly clearly in the Fig. 1 on the movable grate steps 4 in the maximum advanced position (A).

The Fig. 2 shows the Roststufenmodul 1 in partial spatial view from behind with the movable grate level 4 in maximum advanced position (A). A portion of the solid grate level 3 is omitted here to clearly recognize the underlying mechanism can.

The drive shaft 7 has outer drive shaft bearings 10 and inner drive shaft bearings 11 with which it is mounted on the support part 2. On this storage is related to the Fig. 5 to be discussed further. The solid grate level 3 is attached to a support 12, which in turn is firmly connected to the support part 2. The movable grate level 4 has rearwardly projecting guide bracket 13 which are fixedly connected to the same. Further, on the support part 2 guide rollers 14 are mounted on which rest the guide support 13 and of which the guide support 13 and thus also the movable grate plate 4 are guided in their reciprocation.

Also clearly visible in the Fig. 2 in that both the fixed grate stage 3 and the movable grate stage 4 are constructed from individual grate stage plates 15. The grate step plates 15 are individually attachable to a plate support 16.

The Fig. 3 shows the grate level module of Fig. 2 in partial spatial view from behind with the movable grate level 4 in the maximum retracted position (B). It can be clearly seen that the guide support 13 protrude slightly in this position to the rear. However, it is not the case that this protruding in juxtaposed grate stage modules 1 disturbs the function of the rear module in any way.

The Fig. 4 shows the grate level module of Fig. 2 The zone dividing plate 17 can be designed as a one-piece continuous cover and it is preferably releasably secured in a suitable form on the support part 2. It is thus possible to introduce in this way between the individual juxtaposed grate stage modules 1 of a combustion grate at the desired or necessary locations as needed zone-air separations. In this way, the amount of fresh air supplied, in a specific Burning zone to enter through the ventilation slots 18 in the grate stage plates 15 in the combustion chamber to be controlled in a targeted and flexible. For ease of illustration, the means for bringing and distributing fresh air, which of course are also under the combustion grate, are not shown in the drawings. However, as with the slag removal agents, these are common constructions that require no further explanation.

The Fig. 5 shows the grate level module of Fig. 4 in partial spatial view from the front. Particularly clearly here are the drive shaft 7 and the attachment to recognize the same. For this purpose, the support member 2 at intervals support members 19, on which the drive shaft 7 is releasably secured to the inner drive shaft bearings 11 in a manner that the drive shaft as a whole without dismantling of the support member 2 from a (not shown) combustion grate frame expandable is. However, for this purpose, the outer drive shaft bearings 10 (see Fig. 2 ) and the hydraulic cylinders are also disassembled beforehand. In this way it is ensured that even parts of the grate module 1 are exchangeable on site.

The Fig. 6 finally shows in a complementary way the grate level module according to the Fig. 2-5 in a partial view from the front. In particular, parts of the grate stage drive, such as the drive shaft 7, the other drive lever, as well as the inner and outer drive shaft bearings 11, 10 are clearly visible here. In addition, it can be seen that further measures to facilitate the interchangeability of the drive shaft 7 are provided, such as a division of the drive shaft 7 in partial drive shaft pieces or the separability of the outer drive shaft bearing 10 with the hydraulic cylinder fifth

References list

1

Rust stage module

2

support part

3

solid rust level

4

movable rust level

5

hydraulic cylinders

6

drive lever

7

drive shaft

8th

further drive lever

9

Umlenkhebel

10

outer drive shaft bearing

11

inner drive shaft bearing

12

Edition (for solid rust level)

13

guide support

14

leadership

15

Stainless step plate

16

plate carrier

17

Zone separating plate

18

vents

19

supporting part

A

maximum advanced position

B

maximum retracted position

T

Transport direction of the fuel

S

Direction of the float

Claims (12)

1. A grate step module (1) for a thrust combustion grate for the combustion of refuse in a large-scale facility, wherein the grate step module (1) features a carrier part (2) for grate steps (3, 4), characterized in that the grate step module (1) features exactly one fixed grate step (3) and exactly one movable grate step (4), as well as a grate step drive, wherein the movable grate step (4) can be displaced relative to the fixed grate step (3) in a reciprocating fashion by means of the grate step drive, and wherein the grate step module (1) can be connected in a row to other grate step modules (1) without gap in order to form the thrust combustion grate.
2. The grate step module (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the grate step module (1) features a zonal air separation in the form of a zone separating plate (17).
3. The grate step module (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the zone separating plate (17) can be separably attached to a rear region of the carrier part (2).
4. The grate step module (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the grate step drive respectively features a hydraulic cylinder (5) on both sides of the grate step module (1), wherein the hydraulic cylinders (5) are jointly controlled.
5. The grate step module (1) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (5) bring about the reciprocating displacement of the movable grate step (4) by means of drive levers (6) on both sides, a driveshaft (7), additional drive levers (8) and reversing levers (9).
6. The grate step module (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the movable grate step (4) is guided by means of guide carriers (13) that are rigidly connected to the movable grate step (4) and by means of guide rollers (14) that are arranged on the carrier part (2).
7. The grate step module (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fixed and the movable grate step (3, 4) are provided with individually mountable grate step plates (15).
8. The grate step module (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the grate step plate (15) features a cladding deposited by welding on the side that faces the material to be combusted.
9. The grate step module (1) according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the grate step plate (15) features a meandering channel for conveying a cooling medium through the grate step plate.
10. A combustion grate for the combustion of refuse in a large-scale facility with at least two grate step modules (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the grate step modules (1) are connected in a row without gap and the grate step drives are harmonized with one another.
11. The combustion grate for the combustion of refuse in a large-scale facility with at least two grate step modules (1) according to Claim 10, characterized in that the grate step modules (1) have different step heights or different step shapes.
12. The combustion grate for the combustion of refuse in a large-scale facility with at least two grate step modules (1) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the different step heights or the different step shapes are realized in the fixed or in the movable grate step.

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