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EP2572403B1 - Antenne à largeur de bande optimisée par le montage hybride de dispositifs de rayonnement plats ou linéaires - Google Patents

Antenne à largeur de bande optimisée par le montage hybride de dispositifs de rayonnement plats ou linéaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2572403B1
EP2572403B1 EP11720758.9A EP11720758A EP2572403B1 EP 2572403 B1 EP2572403 B1 EP 2572403B1 EP 11720758 A EP11720758 A EP 11720758A EP 2572403 B1 EP2572403 B1 EP 2572403B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
conductor
conductive coating
substrate
linear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11720758.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2572403A1 (fr
Inventor
Gunther Vortmeier
Christoph Degen
Stefan Droste
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to PL11720758T priority Critical patent/PL2572403T3/pl
Priority to EP11720758.9A priority patent/EP2572403B1/fr
Publication of EP2572403A1 publication Critical patent/EP2572403A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2572403B1 publication Critical patent/EP2572403B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hybrid antenna structure of surface and line radiator.
  • the conductive coating serves for reflection of heat rays and thus, for example, in motor vehicles or in buildings for improving the thermal comfort. In many cases, it is also used as a heating layer to heat a transparent pane over its entire surface electrically.
  • transparent coatings can be used because of their electrical conductivity as a planar antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves.
  • the conductive coating is galvanically or capacitively coupled to a coupling electrode and the antenna signal is provided in the edge region of the disk.
  • the antenna signals are fed to a receiving device.
  • connection conductors usually unshielded stranded wires or foil conductors are used, which have a relatively low ohmic resistance and cause only low ohmic power losses, but do not allow a defined signal transmission, as it may come by unavoidable positional tolerances to undefined couplings with the electrically conductive vehicle body or adjacent conductors so that the variability of important antenna characteristics such as bandwidth, efficiency and foot-point impedance is relatively large. For this reason, such unshielded conductors must be kept relatively short.
  • the antenna amplifier is electrically connected to the electrically conductive vehicle body, wherein a high frequency technically effective reference potential (ground) for the antenna signal is predetermined by this electrical connection.
  • the usable antenna voltage results from the difference between the reference potential and the potential of the antenna signal.
  • the conductive coating serving as a sheet-like antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves is referred to herein and hereinafter as a "surface radiator” due to the fact that it can also be used for transmitting electromagnetic waves.
  • surface radiators line-shaped antennas or line antennas for receiving electromagnetic waves, which are also referred to herein as “line radiators”, have a geometric length (L) whose geometric width (B) is several orders of magnitude exceeds.
  • the geometric length of a line radiator is the distance between antenna base and antenna tip, the geometric width of the vertical dimension. The following applies to linear emitters: L / B ⁇ 100.
  • the antennas used in conventional windshields are of the line emitter type, as they may also be used in motor vehicle windscreens, provided that they do not impair the driver's visibility in accordance with legal requirements. This can be achieved for example by fine wires with a diameter of typically 10 to 150 microns.
  • a particularly good reception power in the frequency range of band I and a reception power comparable to the line radiator in the frequency range of band II can be achieved by the area radiator.
  • the receiving power of the area radiator degrades at higher frequencies due to the relatively high surface electrical resistance of the conductive coating.
  • This problem can be counteracted by a coating-free edge zone, which, however, may not be arbitrarily wide, since the transition into the edge zone should be concealed by an opaque edge strip with regard to an optically acceptable result.
  • the other functions of the conductive coating such as its heat radiation reflecting property, worsen with broadening of the peripheral zone. In practice, therefore, the edge zones typically have a width of 10 mm or less.
  • An improved reception performance can be compared with that in the unpublished international patent application PCT / EP2009 / 066237
  • An antenna disc can be achieved in which a segmentation of the electrically conductive coating causes an enlargement of the high-frequency technically effectively effective distance between the conductive coating and the electrically conductive vehicle body.
  • the positioning of the antenna base point at which the radio-frequency signal is tapped can also be used to influence the reception power of the area radiator.
  • this approach leads to problems, since such an optimized Antennenfußddling of the downstream electronics (for example, antenna amplifier) is often far away. Since their spatial position is usually not changeable due to the available installation space and the special requirements with regard to safety and economy, a large spatial distance may have to be bridged. An improved reception power can thus be offset by a relatively long signal transmission path between the antenna base and the downstream electronics. To avoid signal losses and in terms of reproducibility, it is thus often necessary to use special high-frequency conductors, the disadvantages of which have already been described above.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a conventional antenna structure in such a way that electromagnetic signals over the full reception range of the terrestrial radio bands I-V can be received with satisfactory reception power.
  • the hybrid antenna structure of the present invention comprises at least one electrically insulating, preferably transparent substrate, as well as at least one electrically conductive, preferably transparent coating which at least partially covers at least one surface of the substrate and at least partially as a planar antenna (surface antenna or surface radiator) for receiving electromagnetic waves is used.
  • the conductive coating is adapted for use as a planar antenna and may for this purpose cover the substrate over a large area.
  • the antenna structure further comprises at least one coupling electrode electrically coupled to the conductive coating for decoupling Antenna signals from the surface antenna.
  • the coupling electrode may, for example, be capacitively or galvanically coupled to the conductive coating.
  • the coupling electrode with an unshielded, linear conductor hereinafter referred to as "antenna conductor", electrically coupled.
  • the antenna conductor serves as a line antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves and is designed to be suitable for this purpose, that is, it has a shape suitable for reception in the desired frequency range.
  • a line antenna or line emitter of the antenna conductor meets the conditions mentioned above with respect to its dimension in the extension direction (length L) and the two perpendicular dimensions (width B, height H).
  • the antenna conductor may be formed, for example, in wire form or as a flat conductor.
  • the coupling electrode may, for example, be capacitively or galvanically coupled electrically to the line-shaped antenna conductor.
  • the unshielded, line-shaped antenna conductor is located outside a space defined by a projection operation, which is defined by the fact that each point of the space can be projected by an orthogonal parallel projection onto the conductive coating or surface antenna serving as the projection surface. If the conductive coating is only partially effective as an area antenna, serves as a projection surface only effective as a surface antenna part of the conductive coating. The line-shaped antenna conductor is therefore not located in the space defined by the projection operation.
  • the projection beams are parallel to one another and meet at right angles to the projection surface, which in the present case is provided by the conductive coating serving as surface antenna or its surface antenna, the projection center being at infinity.
  • the projection surface is a projection plane containing the coating.
  • the said space is bounded by an imaginary edge surface which is positioned at the circumferential edge of the conductive coating or at the circumferential edge of the surface-antenna-active part of the conductive coating and is perpendicular to the projection surface.
  • an antenna base of the line antenna becomes a common antenna base of the line and plane antenna.
  • the term "antenna base” describes an electrical contact for tapping received antenna signals, in particular a reference to a reference potential (eg ground) for determining the signal level of the antenna signals.
  • the antenna structure according to the invention thus has an area antenna and a line antenna, which are electrically coupled to each other, which is referred to in the context of the present invention as a "hybrid antenna structure". It advantageously allows a good reception performance with a high bandwidth, which combines the favorable reception properties of the area radiator in the frequency ranges of bands I and II with the favorable reception properties of the line radiator in the frequency ranges of bands II to V. By positioning the line radiator outside the space which can be projected onto the planar antenna by means of orthogonal parallel projection, electrical loading of the line radiator by the area radiator can be avoided in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the hybrid antenna structure according to the invention thus makes the complete frequency range of the bands I to V available for the first time with a satisfactory reception power, for example for a windshield serving as an antenna disk.
  • the hybrid antenna construction can be easily and inexpensively manufactured using common manufacturing techniques.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor for reception in the terrestrial bands III-V is specially adapted and for this purpose preferably has a length of more than 100 millimeters (mm) and a width of less than 1 mm and a height of less than 1 mm, corresponding to a ratio length / width ⁇ 100 or L / H ⁇ 100.
  • the antenna conductor has a line conductivity of less than 20 ohm / m, more preferably less than 10 ohms / m.
  • the coupling electrode is electrically coupled to the conductive coating such that the received power (signal level) of the surface antenna is as high as possible. This measure advantageously makes it possible to optimize the signal level of the planar antenna in order to improve the reception properties of the hybrid antenna structure.
  • the common Antennenfußddling of surface and line antenna by a connecting conductor with an electronic signal processing device for processing received antenna signals, such as an antenna amplifier, electrically conductively connected, wherein the terminal contact is arranged so that the length of the connecting conductor is as short as possible.
  • an electronic signal processing device for processing received antenna signals such as an antenna amplifier
  • the terminal contact is arranged so that the length of the connecting conductor is as short as possible.
  • the conductive coating covers the surface of the substrate except for a circumferential, electrically insulated edge strip, wherein the line-shaped antenna conductor is located within a space which can be projected by orthogonal parallel projection on the edge strip serving as a projection surface.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor can be applied to the substrate, for example in the region of the edge strip. This measure allows a particularly simple production of the hybrid antenna structure.
  • the hybrid antenna structure according to the invention is realized in the form of a composite pane.
  • the composite pane comprises two preferably transparent first substrates, which correspond to an inner and outer pane, which are firmly connected to one another by at least one thermoplastic adhesive layer.
  • the conductive coating may be located on at least one surface of at least one of the first two substrates of the composite pane.
  • the composite pane can be provided with a further second substrate, which is different from the first substrate and which is located between the two first substrates.
  • the second substrate in addition to or as an alternative to the first substrates, can serve as a carrier for the conductive coating, wherein at least one surface of the second substrate is provided with the conductive coating.
  • the conductive coating is on a surface of the at least one substrate and the line-shaped antenna conductor on a different surface thereof or a different substrate.
  • the coupling electrode and the antenna conductor are electrically conductively connected to each other by a first connection conductor, which in particular provides the possibility to design the coupling electrode independently of the electrical connection to the linear antenna conductor, whereby the performance of the hybrid antenna structure can be improved.
  • the antenna conductor is located on a surface of the at least one substrate and the common antenna base on a different surface thereof or a different substrate.
  • the antenna conductor and the common Antennenfußddling are electrically connected to each other by a second connection conductor.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor of a metallic printing paste for example by screen printing, printed on the at least one substrate or laid in the form of a wire, whereby a particularly simple production of the antenna conductor is made possible.
  • At least one of the conductors leads to the edge of the at least one substrate and is designed as a flat conductor with a width tapered in the region of the edge.
  • the line antenna and the coupling electrode and the two connecting conductors are covered by an opaque masking layer, whereby the optical appearance of the antenna structure can be improved.
  • the conductive coating comprises at least two planar segments which are insulated from one another by at least one line-shaped, electrically insulating region.
  • at least one sheet-shaped segment is divided by linearly electrically insulating regions.
  • an in particular peripheral edge region of the conductive coating has a multiplicity of planar segments which are subdivided by linearly electrically insulating regions.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor can be arranged at least in sections, in particular completely, in the region of such sheet-like, electrically insulated segments.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor can be arranged at least in sections, in particular completely, within a space which can be projected by orthogonal parallel projection onto the region of such sheet-like, electrically isolated segments serving as a projection surface.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor is printed by means of a metallic printing paste on the at least one substrate or laid in the form of a wire in particular between two interconnected in the form of a composite disc substrates.
  • the invention further extends to the use of a hybrid antenna structure as described above as a built-in furniture, appliances and buildings, and in locomotion means for locomotion on land, in the air or on water, especially in motor vehicles, for example, as a windshield, rear window, side window and / or glass roof.
  • the hybrid antenna assembly 1 is embodied here, for example, as a transparent composite disk 20, which in Fig. 1 only partially shown.
  • the composite pane 20 is transparent to visible light, for example in the wavelength range from 350 nm to 800 nm, the term "transparency" being understood to mean a light transmission of more than 50%, preferably more than 75% and especially preferably more than 80%.
  • the composite disk 20 serves, for example, as a windshield of a motor vehicle, but it can also be used elsewhere.
  • the composite pane 20 comprises two transparent individual panes, namely a rigid outer pane 2 and a rigid inner pane 3, which are firmly connected to each other via a transparent thermoplastic adhesive layer 21.
  • the individual panes have approximately the same size and are made for example of glass, in particular float glass, cast glass and ceramic glass, being equally made of a non-glassy material, such as plastic, in particular polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polyester (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMA) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PS polystyrene
  • PA polyamide
  • PE polyester
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the outer and inner panes 2, 3 may vary widely depending on the use and may be, for example, in the range of 1 to 24 mm for glass.
  • the composite disk 20 has an at least approximately trapezoidal curved contour (in Fig. 1 only partially recognizable), which results from a disc rim 5 common to the two individual discs 2, 3, wherein the disc rim 5 is composed of two opposite long disc edges 5a and two opposite short disc edges 5b.
  • the disk surfaces are denoted by the Roman numerals I-IV, wherein “side I” of a first disk surface 24 of the outer disk 2, "side II” of a second disk surface 25 of the outer disk 2, “side III” of a third disk surface 26 of the inner disk 3 and “side IV” of a fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3 corresponds.
  • side I of a first disk surface 24 of the outer disk 2
  • side II of a second disk surface 25 of the outer disk 2
  • side III of a third disk surface 26 of the inner disk 3
  • side IV of a fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3
  • the adhesive layer 21 for connecting the outer and inner pane 2, 3 is preferably made of an adhesive plastic, preferably based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyurethane (PU).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • PU polyurethane
  • the adhesive layer 21 is formed for example as a bilayer in the form of two bonded together PVB films, which is not shown in more detail in the figures.
  • a planar support 4 preferably made of plastic, preferably based on polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyester (PE) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably based on polyester (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the carrier 4 is formed for example in the form of a PET film.
  • the carrier 4 is embedded between the two PVB films of the adhesive layer 21 and arranged parallel to the outer and inner discs 2, 3 approximately centrally between the two, wherein a first carrier surface 22 of the second disc surface 25 and a second carrier surface 23 of the third disc surface 26th is facing.
  • the carrier 4 does not extend all the way to the wafer edge 5, so that a carrier edge 29 is set back inwards relative to the wafer edge 5 and a carrier-free, all-round peripheral edge zone 28 of the composite wafer 20 remains.
  • the edge zone 28 is used in particular for electrical insulation of the conductive coating 6 to the outside, for example, to reduce capacitive coupling with the electrically conductive, usually made of sheet metal vehicle body.
  • the conductive coating 6 is protected against penetrating from the wafer edge 5 corrosion.
  • a transparent, electrically conductive coating 6 is applied, which is bounded by a coating edge 8 which runs around on all sides.
  • the conductive coating 6 covers an area which is more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 80% and even more preferably more than 90% of the area of the second disk surface 25 and the third disk surface 26, respectively.
  • the area covered by the conductive coating 6 is preferably more than 1 m 2 and may generally be in the range of 100 cm 2 to 25 m 2 regardless of the use of the composite pane 20 as a windshield.
  • the transparent, electrically conductive coating 6 contains or consists of at least one electrically conductive material.
  • TCO transparent conductive oxides
  • TCO is preferably indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin dioxide, aluminum-doped tin dioxide, gallium-doped tin dioxide, boron-doped tin dioxide, tin zinc oxide or antimony-doped tin oxide.
  • the conductive coating 6 can consist of a single layer with such a conductive material or of a layer sequence which contains at least one such single layer.
  • the layer sequence may comprise at least one layer of a conductive material and at least one layer of a dielectric material.
  • the thickness of the conductive coating 6 may vary widely depending on the use, and the thickness at each location may be, for example, in the range of 30 nm to 100 ⁇ m. In the case of TCO, the thickness is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 1.5 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 150 nm to 1 ⁇ m, particularly preferably in the range of 200 nm to 500 nm.
  • the thickness is preferably 20 nm to 100 .mu.m, preferably 25 nm to 90 .mu.m, and particularly preferably 30 nm to 80 microns.
  • the layer sequence can withstand high thermal loads so that it can withstand the temperatures required for bending glass panes of typically more than 600.degree. C. without damage, but it is also possible to provide thermally low-loadable layer sequences.
  • the sheet resistance of the conductive coating 6 is preferably less than 20 ohms per unit area and is, for example, in the range of 0.5 to 20 ohms per unit area. in the In the embodiment shown, the sheet resistance of the conductive coating 6 is, for example, 4 ohms per unit area.
  • the conductive coating 6 is preferably deposited from the gas phase, for which purpose known methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD) can be used.
  • CVD chemical vapor deposition
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the coating 6 is applied by sputtering (magnetron sputtering).
  • the conductive coating 6 serves as an area antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves, preferably in the frequency range of the terrestrial broadcasting bands I and II.
  • the coupling electrode 10 is galvanically coupled to the conductive coating 6, wherein a capacitive coupling may equally be provided.
  • the band-shaped coupling electrode 10 consists for example of a metallic material, preferably silver, and is printed for example by screen printing. It preferably has a length of more than 10 mm with a width of 5 mm or larger, preferably a length of more than 25 mm with a width of 5 mm or larger.
  • the coupling electrode 10 has a length of 300 mm and a width of 5 mm.
  • the thickness of the coupling electrode is preferably less than 0.015 mm.
  • the specific conductivity of a coupling electrode 10 consisting of silver is, for example, 61.35 ⁇ 10 6 / ohm ⁇ m.
  • the coupling electrode 10 extends on and in direct electrical contact with the conductive coating 6 approximately parallel to the upper coating edge 8 and extends into the carrier-free edge zone 28.
  • the coupling electrode 10 is arranged so that the antenna signals of the surface antenna are optimized in terms of their reception power (signal level).
  • the conductive coating 6 is subdivided in a strip-shaped edge region 15 adjoining the support edge 29, for example by means of lasering, into a plurality of electrically insulated segments 16 between which electrically insulating (de-layered) regions 17 are located.
  • the edge region 15 runs essentially parallel to the carrier surface 24 and can in particular be circumferential on all sides.
  • PCT / EP 2009/066237 disclosed can be counteracted by this measure advantageously a capacitive coupling of the conductive coating 6 with surrounding conductive structures, such as an electrically conductive vehicle body. Since the edge region 15 of the conductive coating 6 as an area antenna is not effective, a part of the conductive coating 6 which is effective for the function as an area antenna is limited by a coating edge 8 '.
  • a line-shaped, unshielded antenna conductor 12 as a line antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves, preferably in the frequency range of the terrestrial radio bands II to V, particularly preferably in the frequency range of the radio bands III to V and is designed to be suitable for this purpose.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is in the form of a wire 18, which is preferably longer than 100 mm and narrower than 1 mm.
  • the line conductivity of the antenna conductor 12 is preferably less than 20 ohm / m, more preferably less than 10 ohm / m.
  • the length of the antenna conductor 12 is about 650 mm with a width of 0.75 mm. Its line conductivity is, for example, 5 ohms / m.
  • the antenna conductor 12 has an at least approximately rectilinear profile and is located completely within the carrier-free and coating-free edge zone 28 of the composite pane 20, wherein it extends predominantly along the short pane edge 5b, for example below a vehicle trim (not shown) in the region of the masking strip 9 ,
  • the antenna conductor 12 has a sufficient distance from both the disk edge 5 and the coating edge 8, whereby a capacitive coupling with the conductive coating 6 and the vehicle body is counteracted.
  • each point contained therein can be by orthogonal parallel projection on the projection surface representing serving as a surface antenna conductive coating 6 (or on the surface antenna effective part of the conductive coating 6) can be the line antenna is not electrically stressed by the surface antenna.
  • This space 30 defined by a projection operation is defined by a mental boundary surface 32 which is arranged on the coating edge 8 or 8 'and perpendicular to the carrier 21 is directed, limited.
  • the boundary surface 32 is arranged on the coating edge 8 ', since the positioning of the antenna conductor 12 depends on the antenna function of the conductive coating 6.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 could be arranged at least in sections, in particular completely, within the segmented edge region 15.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 could also be arranged at least in sections, in particular completely, within a space which is defined by the fact that each point contained therein can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the segmented edge region 15 representing a projection surface. According to the invention, this variant is also included.
  • the coupling electrode 10 is electrically coupled to the linear antenna conductor 12 at a first terminal 11, not shown.
  • the coupling electrode 10 is galvanically coupled to the antenna conductor 12, wherein a capacitive coupling may equally be provided.
  • equally at least one further electrical coupling could be provided between the planar antenna, in particular the coupling electrode 10, and the linear antenna conductor 12.
  • the first connection contact 11 of the coupling electrode 10 or the connection point between the coupling electrode 10 and the antenna conductor 12 can be regarded as Antennenfußddling for picking up antenna signals of the surface antenna.
  • a second terminal contact 14 of the antenna conductor 12 serves as a common Antennenfußddling 13 for tapping the antenna signals of both the planar antenna and the line antenna.
  • the antenna signals of the surface and the line antenna are thus provided at the second terminal contact 14.
  • the second terminal contact 14 is electrically coupled to a parasitic acting as an antenna terminal conductor 19.
  • the connection conductor 19 is galvanically coupled to the second connection contact 14, although a capacitive coupling may also be provided.
  • the hybrid antenna assembly 1 is electrically connected to downstream electronic components, for example an antenna amplifier, the antenna signals being led out of the composite disk 20 through the connecting conductor 19.
  • the connecting conductor 19 extends from the adhesive layer 21 on the wafer edge 5 on the fourth disc surface 27 (page IV) and then leads away from the composite disc 20.
  • connection conductor 19 is as short as possible and its parasitic effect is minimized as an antenna, so that it can be dispensed with the use of a high-frequency technically specific conductor.
  • the connection conductor 19 is preferably shorter than 100 mm. Accordingly, the connection conductor 19 is here for example designed as unshielded stranded wire or foil conductor, which is inexpensive and space-saving and can also be connected via a relatively simple connection technology.
  • the transparent, electrically conductive coating 6, depending on the material composition, fulfill other functions.
  • it may serve as a heat ray-reflecting coating for purposes of sunscreen, thermoregulation or thermal insulation or as a heating layer for electrically heating the composite disk 20.
  • These functions are of secondary importance to the present invention.
  • the outer pane 2 is provided with an opaque ink layer, which is applied to the second pane surface 25 (page II) and forms a frame-shaped circumferential masking strip 9, which is not shown in detail in the figures.
  • the color layer is preferably made of an electrically non-conductive, black-colored material that can be baked into the outer pane 2.
  • the masking strip 9 on the one hand prevents the view of an adhesive strand, with which the composite disc 20 can be glued into a vehicle body, on the other hand it serves as UV protection for the adhesive material used.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B wherein a first variant of the hybrid antenna assembly 1 is shown. To avoid unnecessary repetition, only the differences from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 . 2A and 2 B and otherwise reference is made to the statements made there.
  • the conductive coating 6 does not extend all the way to the wafer edge 5, so that an edge strip 7 of the third wafer surface 26 which runs around on all sides and remains free of coating remains.
  • the width of the peripheral edge strip 7 can vary widely.
  • the width of the edge strip 7 is in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 cm, preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.3 cm and particularly preferably in the range of 0.4 to 1.0 cm.
  • the edge strip 7 is used in particular an electrical Isolating the conductive coating 6 to the outside and to reduce a capacitive coupling with surrounding conductive structures.
  • the edge strip 7 can be produced by subsequent removal of the conductive coating 6, for example by abrasive removal, laser ablation or etching, or by masking the inner pane 3 before the application of the conductive coating 6 to the third pane surface 26.
  • the antenna conductor 12 serving as a line antenna is applied to the third disk surface 26 in the region of the coating-free edge strip 7.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is formed in the form of a flat conductor track 35, which is preferably applied by printing, for example screen printing, a metallic printing paste.
  • the band-shaped coupling electrode 10 extends beyond the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 and is galvanically coupled thereto, wherein a capacitive coupling may be provided equally.
  • the antenna conductor 12, 35 embodied as a conductor track could also be arranged at least in sections, in particular completely, within a space which is defined by the fact that each point contained therein can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the segmented edge region 15 representing a projection surface.
  • the antenna radiator 12 is located outside the in Fig. 3A illustrated space 30, in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna, so that the line antenna is not electrically charged by the surface antenna.
  • Fig. 3A is the space 30 bounding (imaginary) boundary surface 32, which is directed perpendicular to the third disc surface 26 and at the coating edge 8 and 8 '(in the edge region 15) is arranged schematically.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 is located in an unspecified space in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the non-coating edge strip 7 serving as a projection surface. An electrical load on the line antenna by the planar antenna is thereby avoided in an advantageous manner.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B a second variant of the hybrid antenna assembly 1 is shown, with only the differences from the first variant of the FIGS. 3A and 3B Be described and otherwise made to the statements made there reference.
  • the conductive coating 6 is applied to the first pane surface 24 (side I), wherein the conductive coating 6 does not extend all the way to the pane edge 5, so that a circumferential, coating-free edge strip 7 of the first pane surface 24 remains on all sides.
  • the coating-free edge strip 7 serving as a line antenna formed in the form of a conductor 35 line-shaped antenna conductor 12 is applied to the first disk surface 24.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is thus located outside of in Fig. 4A illustrated space 30, in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna.
  • the connection conductor 19 makes contact with the second connection contact 14 of the antenna conductor 12 and then leads away from the antenna conductor 12 on the same side of the outer pane 2.
  • a carrier 4 is provided in the composite disk 20, on which the conductive coating 6 is applied.
  • the band-shaped coupling electrode 10 is applied to the fourth surface (side IV) of the inner pane 3 and capacitively coupled to the surface coating serving as a conductive coating 6.
  • Serving as a line antenna antenna conductor 12 is also on the fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3, for example by printing, for example screen printing, applied and galvanically coupled to the coupling electrode, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the patch antenna and the line antenna are on different surfaces of mutually different substrates.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is located outside the space 30, in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna 6, so that the line antenna is not electrically stressed by the planar antenna.
  • the connecting conductor 19 contacts the antenna conductor 12 and leads away directly from the composite disk 20.
  • FIG. 6 a fourth variant of the hybrid antenna assembly 1 is shown, with only the differences from the third variant of the Fig. 5A and 5B Be described and otherwise made to the statements made there reference.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 formed as a flat conductor track 35 is applied to the third disk surface 26 of the inner disk 3.
  • a second connecting conductor 34 is applied to the antenna conductor 12 at the base of the antenna and extends over the short disk edge 5b to the fourth disk surface 27 (side IV) of the inner disk 3.
  • the second connecting conductor 34 is galvanically coupled to the antenna conductor 12, where equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the second connection conductor 34 may be made of the same material as the coupling electrode 10, for example.
  • the connecting conductor 19 contacts the connecting conductor 19 on the fourth disk surface 27 and leads away from the composite disk 20.
  • the width (dimension perpendicular to the extension direction) of the second connecting conductor 34 designed as a band-shaped flat conductor preferably tapers towards the short disk edge 5b, so that a capacitive coupling between the conductive coating 6 and the electrically conductive vehicle body can be counteracted.
  • FIG. 7 . 8A and 8B an example of an antenna structure 1 is illustrated, wherein only the differences from the first embodiment of the FIGS. 1 . 2A and 2 B Be described and otherwise made to the statements made there reference.
  • a composite disk 20 is provided with a carrier 4 embedded in the adhesive layer 21 and a transparent, conductive coating 6 applied on the second carrier surface 23.
  • the conductive coating 6 is applied over the entire surface of the second support surface 23, wherein a segmented edge region 15 is not formed, however, may be provided equally.
  • the coupling electrode 10 is located on the conductive coating 6 and is galvanically coupled thereto, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the coupling electrode 10 extends over the upper, long disk edge 5a on the fourth disk surface 27 (side IV) of the inner pane 3.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 is analogous to that in connection with Fig. 5A and 5B described third variant of the first embodiment as a conductor 35 applied to the fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3.
  • the coupling electrode 10 is located on the antenna conductor 12 and is galvanically coupled thereto, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is located outside of the space 30 in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna, so that the line antenna is not electrically stressed by the planar antenna.
  • the connecting conductor 19 contacts the antenna conductor 12 and leads away directly from the composite disk 20.
  • Fig. 9 a variant is shown, wherein to avoid repetition, only the differences from the second embodiment of Fig. 7 . 8A and 8B be explained. Accordingly, the coupling electrode 10 is formed only in the region of the conductive coating 6, this is in direct contact and is thus galvanically coupled to the conductive coating 6, wherein a capacitive coupling may equally be provided.
  • a first connection conductor 33 is in direct contact with its one end of the coupling electrode 10 and is galvanically coupled to the conductive coating 6, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided. The first connection conductor 33 extends beyond the upper long disk edge 5a to the fourth disk surface 27 (side IV) of the inner disk 3 and contacts with its other end the antenna conductor 12 formed as a conductor.
  • the first connection conductor 33 is in direct contact with the antenna conductor 12 and is, for example, galvanically coupled to it via a soldering contact, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the first connection conductor 33 may be made, for example, of the same material as the coupling electrode 10, so that the coupling electrode 10 and the first connection conductor 33 together can also be regarded as a two-part coupling electrode.
  • the width (dimension perpendicular to the extension direction) of the band-shaped flat conductor formed first connection conductor 33 preferably tapers towards the long edge of the disk 5 a, so that a capacitive coupling between the conductive coating 6 and the vehicle body can be counteracted.
  • the invention provides a hybrid antenna structure which enables bandwidth-optimized reception of electromagnetic waves, wherein a satisfactory reception performance can be achieved through the combination of surface and line antenna over the entire frequency range of the bands IV.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Assemblage d'antenne (1), qui comprend
    - un substrat électriquement isolant (2-4),
    - un revêtement électroconducteur (6), qui couvre une surface (22-27) du substrat et sert comme antenne de surface pour la réception d'ondes électromagnétiques
    - une électrode de couplage (10) couplé électriquement avec le revêtement conducteur (6) pour le découplage des signaux d'antenne de l'antenne de surface,
    où l'électrode de couplage (10) est couplée électriquement avec un conducteur d'antenne (12) non blindée, linéaire, qui sert d'antenne linéaire pour la réception d'ondes électromagnétiques,
    où le conducteur d'antenne (12) linéaire se trouve à l'extérieur d'un espace (30) qui contient l'antenne de surface et est délimité par une surface périphérique (32) imaginaire qui est positionnée sur le bord périmétrique de l'antenne et est perpendiculaire à l'antenne de surface, où une base d'antenne de l'antenne linéaire qui sert à détecter les signaux d'antenne devient une base d'antenne (13) commune de l'antenne linéaire et l'antenne de surface, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement conducteur (6) possède une zone périphérique (15) qui ne fonctionne pas comme antenne de surface, bordant l'antenne de surface sur la surface périphérique (32) imaginaire, et qui présente une variété de segments (16) en forme de surfaces, qui sont sous-divisés en zones (17) électriquement isolantes, augmentant ainsi la distance effective en termes de haute fréquence entre le revêtement conducteur (6) et l'antenne linéaire.
  2. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que le conducteur d'antenne (12) linéaire est disposée dans la zone définie par le fait que tous les points contenus dedans peuvent être affichés par projection parallèle orthogonale sur la zone périphérique (15) segmentée représentant une surface de projection.
  3. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que le revêtement conducteur (6) couvre la surface du substrat (2-4) sauf sur une bande de bordure (7) isolée électriquement, où le conducteur d'antenne (12) linéaire est attaché sur le substrat (2-4) dans la bande de bordure (7).
  4. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le substrat (2-4) présente une vitre composite (2, 3) formée par deux substrats interconnectés, où la couche conductrice (6) se trouve sur une surface (24-27) d'une des deux substrats interconnectés (2, 3) de la vitre composite (20) se trouve ou sur une surface (22, 23) d'un deuxième substrat (4) disposé entre les deux substrats (2, 3).
  5. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérise en ce que le revêtement conducteur (6) se trouve sur une surface (22-27) du substrat (2-4) et le conducteur d'antenne (12) linéaire se trouve sur une surface différente (22-27) de celui-ci ou d'un substrat différent (2-4) de celui-ci.
  6. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que les électrodes de couplage (10) et le conducteur d'antenne (12) linéaire sont raccordés de manière électriquement conductrice par un premier conducteur (33).
  7. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que le conducteur d'antenne (12) linéaire se trouve sur une surface (22-27) du substrat (2-4) et base d'antenne (13) commune se trouve sur une surface (22-27) différente de celle-ci du même ou d'un différent substrat (2-4), où le conducteur d'antenne (12) et la base d'antenne (13) sont raccordés de manière électriquement conductrice par un deuxième conducteur (34).
  8. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que le conducteur d'antenne (12) linéaire consiste en une piste (35) conductrice, une pâte d'impression métallique ou un fil (18).
  9. Assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des conducteurs, choisi parmi électrode de couplage (10), premier conducteur (33) et deuxième conducteur (34), conduit jusqu'au bord (5) du substrat (2-4) et est formé comme conducteur plats sous forme de bande dont la largeur se rétrécit dans la zone du bord (5).
  10. Utilisation d'un assemblage d'antenne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 dans le cadre de l'installation dans le mobilier, les équipements et les bâtiments, ainsi que dans les moyens de locomotion pour le déplacement sur la terre, dans l'air ou l'eau, en particulier dans les véhicules automobiles, par exemple, comme pare-brise, lunette arrière, fenêtre latérale et/ou toit en verre.
EP11720758.9A 2010-05-19 2011-05-18 Antenne à largeur de bande optimisée par le montage hybride de dispositifs de rayonnement plats ou linéaires Active EP2572403B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11720758T PL2572403T3 (pl) 2010-05-19 2011-05-18 Antena zoptymalizowana pod względem szerokości pasma z konstrukcją hybrydową z promienników powierzchniowych i liniowych
EP11720758.9A EP2572403B1 (fr) 2010-05-19 2011-05-18 Antenne à largeur de bande optimisée par le montage hybride de dispositifs de rayonnement plats ou linéaires

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10163201 2010-05-19
PCT/EP2011/058091 WO2011144680A1 (fr) 2010-05-19 2011-05-18 Antenne à largeur de bande optimisée par une structure hybride d'antenne en nappe et d'antenne linéaire
EP11720758.9A EP2572403B1 (fr) 2010-05-19 2011-05-18 Antenne à largeur de bande optimisée par le montage hybride de dispositifs de rayonnement plats ou linéaires

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2572403A1 EP2572403A1 (fr) 2013-03-27
EP2572403B1 true EP2572403B1 (fr) 2018-08-08

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EP11720758.9A Active EP2572403B1 (fr) 2010-05-19 2011-05-18 Antenne à largeur de bande optimisée par le montage hybride de dispositifs de rayonnement plats ou linéaires

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9385422B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2572403B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN203085734U (fr)
ES (1) ES2694780T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2572403T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2572403T (fr)
TR (1) TR201816589T4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011144680A1 (fr)

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MX360575B (es) 2014-12-16 2018-11-08 Saint Gobain Cristal de antena calentable eléctricamente así como método de producción del mismo.
US10665919B2 (en) 2015-04-08 2020-05-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Antenna pane
JP6632634B2 (ja) 2015-04-08 2020-01-22 サン−ゴバン グラス フランスＳａｉｎｔ−Ｇｏｂａｉｎ Ｇｌａｓｓ Ｆｒａｎｃｅ 車両ウィンドウアンテナ板材
US11245175B2 (en) 2017-09-30 2022-02-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Antenna module configurations
US10910692B2 (en) 2017-11-28 2021-02-02 Taoglas Group Holdings Limited In-glass high performance antenna
US11108141B2 (en) 2018-09-12 2021-08-31 Taoglas Group Holdings Limited Embedded patch antennas, systems and methods
US12057624B2 (en) 2019-05-08 2024-08-06 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vehicle pane
US12311637B2 (en) * 2022-11-04 2025-05-27 Agc Automotive Americas Co. Laminated glazing assembly including an antenna assembly
CN119726105A (zh) * 2024-12-13 2025-03-28 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 叠层式组件和运载工具

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011144680A1 (fr) 2011-11-24
PL2572403T3 (pl) 2019-02-28
TR201816589T4 (tr) 2018-11-21
EP2572403A1 (fr) 2013-03-27
PT2572403T (pt) 2018-11-21
US20130099981A1 (en) 2013-04-25
ES2694780T3 (es) 2018-12-27
CN203085734U (zh) 2013-07-24
US9385422B2 (en) 2016-07-05

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