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EP2559046B1 - Dispositif de démarrage pourvu d'un commutateur électromagnétique ainsi que procédé pour commuter le commutateur électromagnétique - Google Patents

Dispositif de démarrage pourvu d'un commutateur électromagnétique ainsi que procédé pour commuter le commutateur électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2559046B1
EP2559046B1 EP11714336.2A EP11714336A EP2559046B1 EP 2559046 B1 EP2559046 B1 EP 2559046B1 EP 11714336 A EP11714336 A EP 11714336A EP 2559046 B1 EP2559046 B1 EP 2559046B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contact bridge
bridge
section
contacts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11714336.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2559046A1 (fr
Inventor
Houman Ramezanian
Claus Kramer
Michael Froehlich-Schlapp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2559046A1 publication Critical patent/EP2559046A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2559046B1 publication Critical patent/EP2559046B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/18—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with subsequent sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating the electromagnetic switch.
  • an electromagnetic switch for a starting device is known.
  • This switch has two contacts, which are referred to there as contact pins. Both contacts are electrically conductively connected together by a movable contact bridge to forward current from the contact pin, which is connected to a positive pole of a starter battery, to a contact pin and thereby to conduct electrical potential to a starter motor, which is not shown there in detail.
  • a movable contact bridge to forward current from the contact pin, which is connected to a positive pole of a starter battery, to a contact pin and thereby to conduct electrical potential to a starter motor, which is not shown there in detail.
  • Another relay for starting devices is known. This relay has a so-calledsfedernde contact bridge, in which after the contact between the contact bridge and the mating contacts by the elasticity of the contact bridge, a transverse force between the contact bridge or the surface and the mating contacts arises.
  • the FR 2861891 A1 discloses an electromagnetic switch having a contact bridge with a contact point.
  • the pad has a concave arcuate line which slides along a conical surface.
  • the proposed solution seeks to create a scraping motion between the two contacting surfaces between the contact surface of the contacts and the surface of the contact bridge, thereby removing soiling and other by the switching movement.
  • FIGS. 1 . 2 . 21A, 21B and 21C Of particular importance for the understanding of the claimed invention are:
  • FIG. 1 shows a starting device in a longitudinal section.
  • a starter 10 is shown.
  • This starting device 10 has, for example, a starter motor 13 and an electromagnetic switch 16, which is designed here as an engagement relay.
  • the starter motor 13 and the switch 16 are fixed to a common drive end plate 19.
  • the starter motor 13 is functionally to drive a starter pinion 22 when it is meshed in the ring gear 25 of the internal combustion engine, not shown here.
  • the starter motor 13 has a pole tube as a housing 28, which carries on its inner circumference pole pieces 31, which are each wrapped by a field winding 34. Instead of electrical excitation, a permanent magnetic excitation of the stator comes into question.
  • the pole shoes 31 in turn surround an armature 37, which has an armature packet 43 constructed from fins 40 and an armature winding 49 arranged in grooves 46.
  • the armature package 43 is pressed onto a drive shaft 44.
  • a commutator 52 is further attached, which is, inter alia, attached. composed of individual commutator fins 55.
  • the commutator bars 55 are so electrically connected in a known manner with the armature winding 49, that upon energization of the commutator fins 55 by carbon brushes 58, a rotational movement of the armature 37 in the pole tube 28 results.
  • a arranged between the Einspurrelais 16 and the starter motor 13 power supply 61 supplies in the ON state both the carbon brushes 58 and the field winding 34 with power.
  • the drive shaft 44 is commutator side supported with a shaft journal 64 in a sliding bearing 67, which in turn is held stationary in a commutator bearing cover 70.
  • the commutator 70 is in turn secured by means of tie rods 73 which are arranged distributed over the circumference of the pole tube 28 (screws, for example, 2, 3 or 4 pieces) in the drive bearing plate 19. It supports the pole tube 28 on the drive bearing plate 19, and the commutator bearing cover 70 on the pole tube 28.
  • a so-called sun gear 80 connects to the armature 37, which is part of a planetary gear 83.
  • the sun gear 80 is surrounded by a plurality of planet wheels 86, usually three planet wheels 86, which are supported by means of roller bearings 89 on journals 92.
  • the planet gears 86 roll in a ring gear 95, which is mounted outside in the pole tube 28.
  • the planet wheels 86 are adjoined by a planetary carrier 98, in which the axle journals 92 are accommodated.
  • the planet carrier 98 is in turn stored in an intermediate storage 101 and a slide bearing 104 arranged therein.
  • the intermediate bearing 101 is designed cup-shaped, that in this both the planet carrier 98, and the planet wheels 86 are added.
  • the ring gear 95 is arranged in the cup-shaped intermediate bearing 101, which is ultimately closed by a cover 107 relative to the armature 37.
  • the intermediate bearing 101 is supported with its outer circumference on the inside of the pole tube 28.
  • the armature 37 has on the end facing away from the commutator 52 end of the drive shaft 44 has a further shaft journal 110, which is also received in a sliding bearing 113, from.
  • the sliding bearing 113 in turn is received in a central bore of the planet carrier 98.
  • the planet carrier 98 is integral with the Output shaft 116 connected.
  • This output shaft 116 is supported with its end 119 facing away from the intermediate bearing 101 in a further bearing 122 which is fixed in the drive bearing plate 19.
  • the output shaft 116 is divided into various sections.
  • the section which is arranged in the sliding bearing 104 of the intermediate bearing 101 a portion with a so-called spur toothing 125 (internal teeth), which is part of a so-called shaft-hub connection.
  • This shaft-hub connection 128 in this case allows the axially rectilinear sliding of a driver 131.
  • This driver 131 is a sleeve-like extension which is integral with a cup-shaped outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137.
  • This freewheel 137 (Richtgesperre) further consists of the inner ring 140 which is disposed radially within the outer ring 132. Between the inner ring 140 and the outer ring 132 clamping body 138 are arranged.
  • clamp bodies 138 in cooperation with the inner and outer rings, prevent relative rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring in a second direction.
  • the freewheel 137 allows a relative movement between inner ring 140 and outer ring 132 in one direction only.
  • the inner ring 140 is formed integrally with the starter pinion 22 and its helical teeth 143 (external helical teeth).
  • the switch 16 has a bolt 150 which carries an electrical contact 181 and which is connected to the positive terminal of an electric starter battery, which is not shown here.
  • This bolt 150 and also a bolt 151 is passed through a relay cover 153.
  • This relay cover 153 terminates a relay housing 156, which is fastened by means of a plurality of fastening elements 159 (screws) on the drive end plate 19.
  • a pull-in winding 162 and a so-called holding coil 165 is arranged.
  • the pull-in winding 162 and the holding winding 165 each cause an electromagnetic field in the switched-on state, which flows through both the relay housing 156 (made of electromagnetically conductive material), a linearly movable armature 168 and an armature return 171.
  • the armature 168 carries a push rod 174, which is moved in the direction of linear retraction of the armature 168 in the direction of a switching pin 177. With this movement of the push rod 174 to the shift pin 177 this is made its rest position in the direction of the contact 181 and a contact 180 moves, so that an attached to the contacts 180 and 181 end of the switching pin 177 contact bridge 184 connects both contacts 180 and 181 electrically. As a result, electric power is supplied from the bolt 150 via the contact bridge 184 and the bolt 151 to the power supply 61 and thus to the carbon brushes 58.
  • the starter motor 13 is energized.
  • the switch 16 or the armature 168 also has the task of using a tension element 187 to move a drive plate 19 rotatably arranged lever.
  • This lever 190 usually designed as a fork lever, surrounds with two "tines" not shown here on its outer circumference two discs 193 and 194 to move a trapped between these driver ring 197 to the freewheel 137 back against the resistance of the spring 200 and thereby the starter pinion 22 technicallyspuren in the ring gear 25.
  • the FIG. 2 further shows a contact release spring 220 which pushes the contact bridge 184 back to its starting position after the power cutoff with respect to the retaining winding 165.
  • the contact release spring 220 presses against a collar 223, which sits on the shift pin 177.
  • the contact bridge 184 has in its center a hole 226, with which the contact bridge 184 is supported on a sleeve portion 229 of an axially movable guide collar 232.
  • This guide collar 232 has between its outer contour and the switching pin 177 a substantially cylindrical cavity 235, in which in turn a compression spring 238 is supported.
  • This pressure spring 238 is supported on the end facing away from the contact bridge 184 of the switching pin 177 on a snap-on sleeve 241, which holds with snap elements 244 in a groove 247 stationary. Between the armature 168 and the armature return 171 acts around the snap sleeve 241 around a further compression spring 250th
  • FIG. 3 a side view of the contact bridge 184 is shown.
  • This contact bridge 184 shows a central areal section 270, which has the hole 226 in its center ( FIG. 4 ). From this central area section 270, which is perpendicular to the shift pin 177, radially outward from the center of the hole 226 outwards and thus from the shift pin 177 pioneering initially an outer area 273 section. Diametrically opposed to this first outer surface portion 273 is a second outer surface portion 276. Both outer planar sections 273 and 276 have an approximately circular contour. Compared with the central planar section 270, both outer planar sections 273 and 276 are deflected by the angle ⁇ . This angle ⁇ preferably has a value between 1 ° and 15 °, with 5 ° being preferred.
  • the outer laminar portions 273 and 276 have an edge 279 at their furthest from the center of the hole 226.
  • the contact bridge 184 that this consists of so-called electro-copper (E-Cu57). Furthermore, it is provided that the angle ⁇ is equal to 5 °, the hardness of the material between 100 to 130 HV 10 has (Vickers hardness measurement method). For the material thickness d 2mm are provided.
  • the length L of the contact bridge 184 is selected so that the contacting of the edges 279 takes place on the contacts 180 and 181.
  • the rigidity of the contact bridge 184 is between 150 N / mm and 250 N / mm.
  • FIG. 5 three different cross sections of the contact bridge 184 are shown.
  • the lower part of the FIG. 5 shows the widest cross section 290 at the widest point of the outer surface portion 273.
  • the middle part of FIG. 5 shows the cross section 293 at the interface between the outer surface portion 273 and the central surface portion 270.
  • the contact bridge 184 is fitted.
  • the topmost area of the FIG. 5 shows the cross section 296, which is divided into two partial surfaces 297.
  • the cross section BB shows the cross section 296, which occurs at the widest point of the contact bridge 184 and is simultaneously cut centrally through the hole 226.
  • the FIGS. 2, 3, 4 The FIGS. 2, 3, 4 .
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of the contact 180 of the bolt 151.
  • the pin 151 shown there is equipped with a contact 180
  • the contact surface 300 has a corrugation, which is an annular corrugation 310 (surveys).
  • This contact surface 300 or its corrugation is such that, as in FIG. 7 represented, in the cross-sectional view results in a wavy contour.
  • This wavy contour can be, for example, a sinusoidal profile or a similar profile with a wave shape, ie one with "valleys and mountains”.
  • the corrugation shown here is an annular corrugation 310, ie the corrugated contour 303 or its "peaks and valleys" are in the example oriented coaxially about the center line 306 of the bolt 151.
  • FIG. 8 is a contact bridge 184, as they are made FIG. 4 is known, paired with a contact pin 151, the contact surface 300 does not consist of an annular corrugation 310, but from a Gererrriff 309, FIG. 8 ,
  • FIG. 8 Plotted section line IX-IX is in FIG. 9 shown. Accordingly, there is shown the section through the contact pin 151, the associated bolt head 152 and the contact 180. As shown there in section, it recognizes there the Geradriffelung 309, on which the edge 279 of the contact bridge 184 is arranged.
  • the first embodiment and also the second embodiment show an electromagnetic switch 16 for a starting device 10, said electromagnetic switch 16 has two contacts 180 and 181, which are electrically conductively connected to each other by a movable contact bridge 184. It is thereby provided that at least one of the two contacts 180 or 181 preferably has a contact surface 300 firmly connected to a contact pin 151 or 150. In this case, the contact surface 300 has elevations, which preferably lie substantially in one plane.
  • An electrical contact between the contact bridge 184 and the contact-giving edge 279 of the contact bridge 184 is arranged so that, when it strikes the contact surface 300, it essentially allows multiple point contact between contact 180, 181 and contact bridge 184.
  • initially only a single point contact between contact 180 or 181 and contact bridge 184 may be possible.
  • the straight corrugation 309 should ideally be designed as sinusoidal longitudinal corrugation.
  • the hardness of the contact 180 or 181 should be less than or equal to the hardness of the contact bridge 184. This is to ensure that not the contact bridge 184 but the contacts 180 and 181 wear out.
  • FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of a contact bridge 184, as they are made FIG. 4 is known and a contact 180, the contact surface 300 is at least substantially planar.
  • the contact bridge 184 moves as in the exemplary embodiment FIG. 8 corresponding. Ie. the edge 279 moves transversely to the marked longitudinal axis 312 of the contact pin 151. In this case, the edge scrapes 279 along the contact surface 300. Macroscopically, the contact surface between the contact bridge 184 and the contact surface 300 results in a line shape.
  • FIG. 10 shows accordingly an electromagnetic switch 16 for a starting device 10 with two contacts 180, 181, which are electrically conductively connected to one another by a movable contact bridge 184, wherein at least one of the two contacts 180 or 181 preferably has a contact surface 300 fixedly connected to a contact pin 151 having. It is thereby provided that the contact surface 300 is at least substantially planar and an electrical contact between contact bridge 184 and contact 180, 181 giving edge 279 of the contact bridge 184 is arranged so that from the impact on the contact surface 300 is substantially a line contact between Contact 180, 181 and contact bridge 184 enabled.
  • an electromagnetic switch 16 is provided for a starting device 10, with two contacts 180 and 181, which are electrically conductively connected to each other by a movable contact bridge 184, wherein at least one of the two contacts 180 or 181 is preferably one with a contact pin 151, 150 fixed contact surface 300, wherein a contact 180 directed surface 318 of the contact bridge 184 and a longitudinal axis 312 of a contact pin 151 between them a directed to a central axis 315 of the switch 16 angle ⁇ include, which is greater than 90 °.
  • This definition applies to the rest position or up to the position of the switching bridge 184, in which the contact bridge 184, the surface 300 just does not touch or powerless. With respect to the angle ⁇ is provided that this is between 91 ° and 105 °, preferably by 95 °.
  • FIG. 11 a fourth embodiment of a switch 16 is shown. Since the details of the switch after FIG. 11 from those of the switch according to FIG. 2 differ only in a few details, only these differences are discussed below.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ accordingly decreases as compared with the embodiment FIG. 2 and the central area 270 have a different sign.
  • the angle ⁇ is defined here as an angle which is arranged between the contact 180 directed surface 318 of the contact bridge 184 and a longitudinal axis 312 of a contact pin 151.
  • the angle ⁇ is oriented in such a way that it lies in a plane which is formed by the longitudinal axis 312 and the central axis 315.
  • the angle ⁇ is directed radially outward and is greater than 90 °. With respect to the angle ⁇ is provided that this is between 91 ° and 120 °.
  • This size also refers to the position of the contact bridge 184 in the rest position, or before it touches the contact surface 180.
  • the contacts 180 and 181 are designed such that they have an edge 320 which, from the moment in which the contact bridge 184 impinges on the contact surface 300, a relative movement transverse to the central axis 315 between contact bridge 184 and contact 180 and 181st causes. In this case, an edge 320 of the contact scrapes 180 or 181 on the contact bridge 184.
  • angle ⁇ is provided that this has a value between -1 ° and -30 °.
  • the choice of the angle is dependent on the coefficient of friction between the contact partners. Here, in the case where it is a high coefficient of friction, that the angle can be rather smaller, while at low coefficients of friction the angle is rather large.
  • the fifth embodiment according to FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation of two contact pins 150 and 151, with their contact surfaces 300 to the outer planar sections 273 and 276 are oriented.
  • the length of the contact bridge 184 transverse to the central axis 315 is greater than the outermost distance of the two contact pins 151 and 150 to each other. Accordingly, the outer laminar portions 273 and 276 respectively do not scrape at one of their edges against the surfaces 300 of the contact pins 150 and 151. In this case, the contact bridge 184 switches against sharp edges 330 of the contacts 180 and 181, respectively.
  • FIG. 14 a seventh embodiment of a pairing of contact bridge 184 and contact pins 151 and 150 is shown.
  • This seventh embodiment is a modification of the embodiment FIG. 13 and differs from this in that the contact bridge 184 no longer projects beyond the outermost contours of the two contact surfaces 300 or contact pins 151 and 150, respectively. Again, the contact bridge 184 switches against an angled edge 333 of the contact pins 150 and 151th
  • FIG. 15 is a further, eighth embodiment of a pairing of a contact bridge 184 and two contact pins 150 and 151 shown.
  • Both contact pins 151 and 150 have in the region of their bolt heads 152 directed towards each other two bevels 336. Although these two bevels 336 are substantially directed to each other, but not parallel to each other.
  • a contact bridge 184 is present whose length is shorter than the largest distance of the chamfers 336 to each other, but greater than the smallest distance between the two bevels 336 to each other. In this embodiment, an edge 279 of the outer laminar portions 273 and 276 scrapes on the bevels 336.
  • FIG. 16 a contact bridge 184 is shown in a further alternative embodiment.
  • This contact bridge also has a central areal section 270 and two outer areal sections 273 and 276, respectively.
  • the central area 270 also has a hole 226 in its center on.
  • the edges 279 are in contrast to, for example, the embodiment of the FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 not round but straight.
  • the outer planar sections 273 and 279 are analogous to the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 also shown at an angle ⁇ to the central area 270 section.
  • the contact bridge 184 has two outer surface portions 273 and 276, in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 16 are slotted so that the respective planar sections are designed as two lugs 340.
  • the term sheet metal tabs would be suitable.
  • FIG. 18 shows a contact bridge 184, which is designed substantially rectangular. In turn, it has a central planar section 270 and two outer planar sections 276 and 273. Central in the planar section 270, in turn, a hole 226 is arranged. While in FIG. 18a a plan view can be seen is in FIG. 18b a sectional view of the contact bridge 184 shown. This sectional view shows the bending of the outer flat sections 273 and 276 by the angle ⁇ . To influence or increase the flexibility of the outer planar sections 273 and 276, these are connected via notches 350 with the central planar section 270. The notches may, as here in the example, be arranged on both sides of the surface of the contact bridge 184, but also, if appropriate, alternatively on one side. These notches 350 are here designed as semicircular corrugations to reduce the cross section and reduce the flexural rigidity of the contact bridge 184.
  • FIGS. 19a and 19b a further contact bridge 184 is shown in a plan view and a sectional view.
  • the constrictions for reducing the cross section or reducing the flexural rigidity of the contact bridge 184 need not, as in accordance with FIG. 18 represented, are introduced at the outer contour. It can also recesses in the preferably rectangular shaped contact bridge 184 are introduced. In FIG. 19 For example, two circular recesses 353 are shown, the reduce the cross section.
  • the recesses may have any shape, for. B. be executed rectangular or rounded.
  • FIG. 20 is a contact bridge 184 shown in longitudinal section.
  • This contact plate in turn has a central areal section 270 and two outer areal sections 273 and 276.
  • the central planar section 270 in turn has a hole 226, as have the previous embodiments for contact bridges 184 also.
  • This contact bridge 184 consists of several layers.
  • a first layer is a carrier layer 400 and a second layer attached to this carrier layer 400 is a contact layer 403.
  • the properties are optimized by forming the contact bridge 184 of a plurality of layers.
  • the first layer namely the backing layer 400, has favorable properties as a retaining, stability and elasticity-imparting element.
  • the contact layer 403 has optimized properties with regard to the contact between contact bridge 184 and contact 180 or 181. It is envisaged that the carrier layer 400 consists of a copper or a silver alloy or steel or bronze or brass.
  • the contact layer 403 is intended to be made of a copper, tin, gold or silver alloy or a metal-metal oxide composite.
  • contacts 180 and 183 of the contact pins 151 and 150 should generally apply that these also consist of electro-copper and have a hardness between 100 and 130 HV10.
  • edges 279 and 320 With respect to the edges 279 and 320, it is provided that this has a radius of ⁇ 0.3 mm. This leads to a "chisel effect", so that the edges 279 and 320, respectively, disturbing layers at the opposite contact remove. Contacting properties are thereby significantly improved.
  • the edges 279 and 320 moreover have the advantage that ice layers formed by possible atmospheric moisture in the switch are broken on the contacts 180 and 181, respectively.
  • the corresponding metal sheet preferably has a thickness of between 1 and 4 mm.
  • a method for switching the electromagnetic switch 16 wherein it has two contacts 180 and 181, which are connected by a movable contact bridge 184.
  • a scraping movement between the contact bridge 184 and the contact surface 300 of the contact 181 or 180 acts.
  • a possible cohesive connection between the contact bridge 184 and the contacts 180 and 181 should in the case of release by a thrust load in the cohesive connection (welding) are solved.
  • the thrust load acts in the current transition area 500.
  • the edge 279 serves to scrape on the surface of the contacts 180 and 181, thereby creating friction and ultimately converting energy.
  • the energy to be converted is the kinetic energy of the contact bridge 184 and the moving during the switching operation parts, such as the switching pin 177, the snap sleeve 241, compression spring 238, Guide collar 232, collar 223.
  • This kinetic energy is due to the friction of the contact bridge 184 on the contacts 180 and 181 reduce the kinetic energy so much that a rebound of the contact bridge 184 substantially no longer occurs and thereby the tendency to form arcs between the contacts 180 and 181 and the contact bridge 184 is at least greatly reduced.
  • Figure 21A shows a side or sectional view of the contact bridge 184, which makes an electrical connection with the contact 180 of the bolt 151.
  • the contact 180 or its contact surface 300 has a corrugation (elevations), which is an annular corrugation 310.
  • This contact surface 300 or its corrugation is such that, in the cross-sectional view results in a wavy contour.
  • This corrugated contour can be, for example, a sinusoidal profile or a similar profile with wave shape, ie one with "valleys and mountains", see also FIG.
  • the corrugation shown here is an annular corrugation 310, ie the corrugated contour 303 or its "peaks and valleys" are in the example preferably coaxially oriented around the center line 306 of the bolt 151. It is envisaged that the contact bridge 184 slides or rubs along an edge 420 of the wave-shaped contour 303 when switching or contacting with its outer areal section 276.
  • Flank here means that it is a flat portion of the wave-shaped contour 303, which faces away from the central axis 315 of the switch 16.
  • the planar section of the wave-shaped contour 303 is preferably arranged in three spatial dimensions.
  • a contact surface between the surface 318 and the contact surface 300 resulting from the contact between the contact bridge 184 and the contact 180 is crescent-shaped, so that a width of the contact surface at its ends (crescent ends) is narrower than between the two ends. This leads to an easier release of the surface 318 and the surface of the contacts 180, 181 and thus to a slight release of possibly cohesive connection.
  • the sickle shape adjusts itself during the switching and normally becomes larger when the surface 318 slides over the contact surface 300. This is due to the self-adjusting rolling motion.
  • the surface 318 is always flatter in the course of the contacts 180, 181, so that the sickle shape is larger in the switching process.
  • the contact bridge 184 with its contact surface 1808 facing the surface 318, can perform a combined movement on the wave-shaped contour 303, which is both sliding and rolling.
  • the z. B. acts on the side of the current transfer surface 500, which is directed to a longitudinal axis 312 of the contact pin 150, 151.
  • the location "longitudinal axis 312 of the contact pin 150, 151" would be synonymous with their contacts made equivalent to the center.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates which general shape and position forms a common current transfer surface 500 (contact surface) between contact bridge 184 and contact 180.
  • the current transfer surface 500 (contact surface) has a sickle shape.
  • a minimum line 512 separates an inner edge 506 from an edge 420 (outer edge).
  • the current transfer surface 500 also intersects the arcuate maximum line 503, or is at its original position (eg, due to wear). However, the largest part of the current transition surface 500 is still - viewed from the longitudinal axis 312 - beyond the maximum line 503 or beyond its original position.
  • the contact bridge 184 contacts the contact 180.
  • the contact 180 does not point here as in FIG. 21B an annular corrugation 310 with a plurality of wavy contours 303, but also an at least partially round contact 180 with a circular plateau 515, the radially outside by means of an at least partially round edge 420 (outer edge) drops. Also in this case arises as in FIG. 21B shown, a current transfer surface 500 (contact surface) with sickle shape.
  • the contact 180 may be provided with only one shaft in the outer region of the contact 180. Also in this case arises as in FIG. 21B shown, a current transfer surface 500 (contact surface) with sickle shape.
  • FIG 22A a diagram is shown in which, depending on a constriction ratio and a lever arm ratio, the bending stress in the constriction region is shown.
  • the constriction area is the area of the contact bridge 184, which corresponds to the in FIG. 5 shown waisted cross-section 293 corresponds. In principle, this applies to all cross-section reduced contact bridges 184, as for example in the FIGS. 16 to 19 is shown.
  • the three curves K25, K50 and K75 shown there represent different parameters. For the curve K25 a lever arm ratio of 25% is shown, for K50 a lever arm ratio of 50% is shown, for K 75 a lever arm ratio of 75% is shown.
  • the constriction ratio V is taken into account.
  • V is the quotient of the width BE to the width B184.
  • the bending stress S in the cross section 293 is greater than 20 N / mm 2.
  • the bending stress S should be less than 100N / mm 2. It is desirable for the necking ratio V to be less than or equal to 75%, preferably greater than 25%. A ratio between 70% and 35% has proven particularly favorable.
  • a method for switching an electromagnetic switch of a starting device 10 is provided with two contacts 180, 181, which are electrically conductively connected to each other by a movable contact bridge 184, wherein when contacting the contact bridge 184 with at least one of the two contacts 180, 181 acts a scraping movement between the contact bridge 184 and a contact surface 300 of the at least one contact 180, 181, wherein the contact surface 300 has elevations lying substantially in one plane and the contact bridge 184 an outer planar portion 276th has, wherein the contact bridge 184 in a switching position with its outer flat portion 276 at a portion of the wavy contour 303 slides or rubs, which faces away from a central axis 315 of the switch 16.
  • the method is configured in such a way that the contact bridge 180 slides or rubs against an edge 420 of a wave-shaped contour 303, preferably an annular corrugation 310, when it makes contact with its outer planar section 276.
  • a cohesive connection between the contact bridge 184 and a contact 180, 181 is released by a thrust load in the cohesive connection.
  • a thrust load in addition to the thrust load also a tensile load acts.
  • the thrust load and the tensile load are superimposed by a rolling motion of the outer portion 276 of the contact bridge 184 on the contact surface 300.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé de commutation d'un commutateur électromagnétique d'un dispositif de démarrage (10), comprenant deux contacts (180, 181) qui sont reliés électriquement l'un à l'autre par un cavalier de contact mobile (184), un mouvement de frottement intervenant entre le cavalier de contact (184) et une surface de contact (300) d'au moins l'un des deux contacts (180, 181) lors de la mise en contact du cavalier de contact (184) avec l'au moins un contact (180, 181), la surface de contact (300) possédant au moins un bossage qui se trouve sensiblement dans un plan et le cavalier de contact (184) possédant une portion (276) extérieurement plane, le cavalier de contact (184), dans une position de commutation, glissant ou frottant avec sa portion (276) extérieurement plane sur une portion d'un contour ondulé (303) de la surface de contact (300) dont la surface se trouve à l'opposé d'un axe central (315) du commutateur (16), une surface de passage de courant (500) en forme de croissant s'établissant par le biais de la surface de contact (300) lors du glissement, le cavalier de contact (180), lors de l'établissement du contact, glisse ou frotte avec sa portion (276) extérieurement plane le long d'un flanc (420) d'un contour ondulé (303) d'une cannelure annulaire (310) ayant une ligne maximale (503) voûtée, la ligne maximale (503) voûtée constituant une ligne séparatrice entre un flanc intérieur (506) et le flanc (420, flanc extérieur) du contour ondulé (303), et la surface de passage de courant (500) croisant la ligne maximale (503) voûtée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un assemblage par liaison de matières entre le cavalier de contact (184) et un contact (180, 181) est détaché par une contrainte d'effort de cisaillement dans l'assemblage par liaison de matières.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une contrainte de traction intervient également en plus d'une contrainte d'effort de cisaillement.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le cavalier de contact (184) effectue avec sa surface (318) dirigée vers le contact (180, 181) un mouvement combiné sur le contour ondulé (303) qui est à la fois un glissement et un roulage.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface de passage de courant (500) en forme de croissant est plus étroite à ses extrémités qu'entre ses extrémités.
EP11714336.2A 2010-04-15 2011-04-15 Dispositif de démarrage pourvu d'un commutateur électromagnétique ainsi que procédé pour commuter le commutateur électromagnétique Not-in-force EP2559046B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010027823A DE102010027823A1 (de) 2010-04-15 2010-04-15 Startvorrichtung mit einem elektromagnetischen Schalter sowie Verfahren zum Schalten des elektromagnetischen Schalters
PCT/EP2011/056047 WO2011128442A1 (fr) 2010-04-15 2011-04-15 Dispositif de démarrage pourvu d'un commutateur électromagnétique ainsi que procédé pour commuter le commutateur électromagnétique

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EP2559046A1 EP2559046A1 (fr) 2013-02-20
EP2559046B1 true EP2559046B1 (fr) 2016-06-08

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EP11714336.2A Not-in-force EP2559046B1 (fr) 2010-04-15 2011-04-15 Dispositif de démarrage pourvu d'un commutateur électromagnétique ainsi que procédé pour commuter le commutateur électromagnétique

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EP (1) EP2559046B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010027823A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2559046T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011128442A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019107160A1 (de) * 2019-03-20 2020-10-08 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Elektromagnetisches Relais, insbesondere Starterrelais für eine Startvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0736313B2 (ja) * 1985-02-14 1995-04-19 株式会社東芝 電気接点
DE19549179B4 (de) 1995-12-30 2005-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einrückrelais für eine Andrehvorrichtung
FR2754382B1 (fr) * 1996-10-04 1998-11-27 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Contacteur de demarreur de vehicule automobile comportant des bornes fixes de contact perfectionnees
FR2861891B1 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2006-01-27 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Dispositif de contacts d'un contacteur pour demarreur electrique
DE102004017160B4 (de) 2004-03-31 2020-11-05 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Relais mit selbstfedernder Kontaktbrücke
DE102008043186A1 (de) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Schalter für eine Startvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Schalten des elektromagnetischen Schalters

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PL2559046T3 (pl) 2017-09-29
WO2011128442A1 (fr) 2011-10-20
DE102010027823A1 (de) 2011-10-20
EP2559046A1 (fr) 2013-02-20

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