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EP2554061B1 - Cigarette à filtre - Google Patents

Cigarette à filtre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2554061B1
EP2554061B1 EP11762544.2A EP11762544A EP2554061B1 EP 2554061 B1 EP2554061 B1 EP 2554061B1 EP 11762544 A EP11762544 A EP 11762544A EP 2554061 B1 EP2554061 B1 EP 2554061B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
cigarette
tipped
cigarette rod
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11762544.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2554061A1 (fr
EP2554061A4 (fr
Inventor
Toshitaka Umetsu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Tobacco Inc
Original Assignee
Japan Tobacco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Tobacco Inc filed Critical Japan Tobacco Inc
Publication of EP2554061A1 publication Critical patent/EP2554061A1/fr
Publication of EP2554061A4 publication Critical patent/EP2554061A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2554061B1 publication Critical patent/EP2554061B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filter-tipped cigarette, more specifically, a filter-tipped cigarette which can be easily taken out of a package.
  • Filter-tipped cigarettes are contained and sold in a package such that their filters are located at an opening end of the package, when the package is opened.
  • the user smokes a cigarette
  • the user opens the purchased cigarette package, and tries to take out a first cigarette by holding it between finger and thumb or by the nails.
  • the filter-tipped cigarettes are closely filled into the package, and thus it is difficult to take out the cigarette, in particular in the case where the package is a soft package, or it is necessary to take out the cigarette with such a strong force that the filter is deformed.
  • Some users strike the package to cause the cigarette to project from the package, and then take out the cigarette by holding the cigarette between finger and thumb. Even after the first cigarette is taken out, some users feel it comparatively difficult to take out the second and following cigarettes.
  • Jpn. U.M. Appln. KOKAI Pub.. No. 50-112798 proposes providing the filter with a knob which projects from the filter.
  • Patent Document 1 Jpn. U.M. Appln. KOKAI Pub. No. 50-112798
  • KR 200 437 887 Y1 discloses the features of the preamble of claims 1 and 3.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a filter-tipped cigarette which can be easily taken out of a package and has a comparatively simple structure.
  • a filter-tipped cigarette comprising the features of claim 1 or the features of claim 3.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette of the present invention has a comparatively simple structure and can be easily taken out of a package, in particular, a soft package.
  • a filter-tipped cigarette according to one aspect of the present invention has the same structure as that of an ordinary filter-tipped cigarette, except for a structure of a filter.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a cylindrical cigarette rod which includes a circular distal end surface (flat surface) and a circular proximal end surface (flat surface), and a filter which is connected to the cigarette rod.
  • the filter has a shape of a slant cut cylinder, which has a circular lower bottom surface (flat surface) that has the same shape as the proximal end surface of the cigarette rod, and an oblique surface which is inclined with respect to a line extended from the axis of the cigarette rod.
  • the filter abuts, at the lower bottom surface, against the proximal end surface of the cigarette rod.
  • the slant cut cylinder includes a structure which is obtained by cutting a cylinder by a plane which is inclined at an angle that exceeds zero and is less than 90° with respect to a cylinder axis (which exists on the line extended from the axis of the cigarette rod, and which corresponds to the central axis of the filter).
  • the plane which cuts the cylinder does not cut the lower bottom surface of the cylinder, but the plane may cut, or not cut, an upper bottom surface of the cylinder.
  • the cut cylinder is a so-called obliquely cut cylinder.
  • the oblique surface is a flat surface which has an elliptical shape.
  • the upper surface of the slant cut cylinder is formed of a circular arc-shaped flat surface which is parallel with the lower bottom surface, and an elliptical arc-shaped oblique flat surface that has a chord equal to a chord of an arc of the circular arc-shaped flat surface.
  • the elliptical arc has a line-symmetrical shape with respect to a major axis of an ellipse that includes the elliptical arc. In these cases, generally, the oblique flat surface of the filter crosses the line extended from the axis of the cigarette rod.
  • the slant cut cylinder includes the case where the oblique surface is a curved surface.
  • the oblique elliptical surface forms a convex curved surface or a concave curved surface, not a flat surface.
  • the fact "the convex curved surface or the concave curved surface is inclined" means that a straight line which connects two points that define the maximum length among straight lines that connect two points on a contour line of the convex curved surface or the concave curved surface crosses the axis of the cigarette rod.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a filter-tipped cigarette 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the filter-tipped cigarette 10.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette 10 comprises a cigarette rod 110, which is formed by wrapping a periphery of a cylindrical rod that is formed of an ordinary tobacco filler, such as tobacco shreds, in ordinary cigarette paper.
  • the cigarette rod 110 includes a distal end surface 111 and a proximal end surface 112, and the distal end surface 111 and the proximal end surface 112 are circular flat surfaces, as a matter of course.
  • the cigarette rod 110 may have a length of 49 to 68 mm, and a diameter of 7.2 to 8.3 mm, like ordinary cigarettes.
  • a filter 120 is connected to the proximal end surface 112 of the cigarette rod 110, by tipping paper 130, like ordinary filter-tipped cigarettes.
  • the filter 120 is formed of a filter main body that is formed of, for example, a cellulose acetate fiber tow, and a shaping paper which wraps the filter main body.
  • the filter 120 has a shape of an obliquely cut cylinder. Specifically, the filter 120 has an elliptical oblique flat surface 121, and a lower bottom surface 122 which has a circular shape equal to the distal end of the cigarette rod 110.
  • the elliptical oblique flat surface 121 crosses a cylinder axis (i.e., a line extended from an axis AX of the cigarette rod 110).
  • the lower bottom surface 122 of the filter 120 abuts against the proximal end surface 112 of the cigarette rod 110.
  • the tipping paper 130 covers peripheries of the cigarette rod 110 and the filter 120 to extend from the proximal end part of the cigarette rod 110 to an upper end of the filter 120.
  • a diameter of the filter 120 is equal to a diameter of the cigarette rod 110. As described above, although the cigarette rod 110 and the filter 120 are connected to each other by the tipping paper 130, the diameter of the filter 120 does not include a thickness (generally, 40 ⁇ m) of the tipping paper 130.
  • an acute angle ⁇ which is made between the elliptical oblique flat surface 121 and the line extended from the axis AX of the cigarette rod 110 is preferably greater than 28° and less than 72°, more preferably greater than 28° and less than 58°, from the viewpoint of ease of taking out the cigarette (i.e., ease of holding the cigarette between finger and thumb).
  • a distance d in an axial direction of the cigarette rod 10 between two points on the peripheral surface of the filter 120, wherein the two points define a major axis of the ellipse of the oblique flat surface 121 is preferably greater than 2.5 mm and less than 12.5 mm, more preferably fall within a range of 5.0 to 7.5 mm, in consideration of ease of smoking when the user holds the cigarette in the mouth.
  • the two points are actually located on the peripheral surface of the tipping paper 130, but expressed as being located on the filter 120 for simple explanation hereinafter.
  • the distance d is a difference between a maximum length and a minimum length of the filter 120 in an axial direction of the cigarette rod 110.
  • the maximum length LL of the filter rod 120 in the axial direction of the cigarette rod 110 is generally 18.25 to 36.25 mm.
  • the two points on the peripheral surface of the filter 120, which define the major axis of the ellipse of the oblique flat surface 121, are also expressed as two points which define the longest straight line among straight lines which connect two points on the contour line of the oblique flat surface 121.
  • Two filter-tipped cigarettes 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can be simultaneously manufactured from one cigarette-connected body, by manufacturing the cigarette-connected body wherein two cigarette rods are connected by tipping paper to both ends of a filter member that has a length twice as great as the filter of the filter-tipped cigarette of an end product, according to a usual method, and thereafter putting the cigarette-connected body on a circumferential surface of a cutting drum having a truncated cone shape, and pressing a circular knife against the filter member in a direction vertical to the axis of the cutting drum.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a filter-tipped cigarette, which is not part of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of the filter-tipped cigarette 20, not forming part of the present invention.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette 20 has the same structure as that of the filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , except for a structure of a filter 210.
  • the filter 210 has a structure of a slant cut cylinder which is obtained by cutting a cylinder by a plane which cuts an upper bottom surface of the cylinder.
  • the filter 210 includes a lower end surface 213 which corresponds to a lower bottom surface of the cylinder and has the same circular shape as that of a proximal end surface 112 of a cigarette rod 110.
  • An upper end surface of the filter 210 is formed of a circular arc-shaped flat surface 211 which is parallel with the lower end surface 213, and an elliptical arc-shaped oblique flat surface 212 which has a chord equal to a chord 211a of an arc of the circular arc-shaped flat surface 211.
  • the elliptical arc 212 has a line-symmetrical shape with respect to a major axis LA of an ellipse which includes the elliptical arc 212.
  • the elliptical arc-shaped flat surface 211 crosses a cylinder axis (i.e., a line extended from an axis AX of the cigarette rod 110) .
  • An acute angle ⁇ which is made between the elliptical arc-shaped oblique flat surface 212 and the line extended from the axis of the cigarette rod 110 can be the same as the angle ⁇ in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • a difference d between a maximum length and a minimum length of the filter 210 in an axial direction of the cigarette rod 110 can be the same as the distance d in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • the maximum length LL of the filter 210 in the axial direction of the cigarette rod 110 can be the same as the length LL in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • a length of a line segment from the chord 211a to the arc, which passes through a center of a circle that includes the circular arc and is perpendicular to the chord 211a preferably corresponds to 10 to 100% of a radius of the circle.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can be manufactured by obtaining the filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , and thereafter cutting a distal end part of the filter in a direction vertical to the axis of the cigarette rod.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of a part of a filter-tipped cigarette 30 according to an alternative solution of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a part of the filter-tipped cigarette 30.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette 30 has the same structure as that of the filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , except for a structure of a filter 310.
  • the filter 310 includes a lower bottom flat surface 312 which is a circular flat surface that is equal to a proximal end surface 112 of a cigarette rod 110, and includes an oblique surface that forms a convex curved surface 311.
  • An acute angle ⁇ which is made between a longest straight line LB among straight lines that connect two points on a contour line of the convex curved surface 311 and a line AX that is extended from an axis of the cigarette rod 110, is equal to the angle ⁇ in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG.
  • a distance d in the axial direction of the cigarette rod 110 between two points which define the longest straight line LB among straight lines that connect two points on the contour line of the convex curved surface 312, is equal to the distance d in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • a maximum length LL of the filter 310 in the axial direction of the cigarette rod 110 is eual to the length LL in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of a part of a filter-tipped cigarette 40 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a part of the filter-tipped cigarette 40.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette 40 has the same structure as that of the filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , except for a structure of a filter 410.
  • the filter 410 includes a lower bottom flat surface 412 which is a circular flat surface that is equal to a proximal end surface 112 of a cigarette rod 110, and includes an oblique surface that forms a concave curved surface 411.
  • An acute angle ⁇ which is made between a longest straight line LB among straight lines that connect two points on a contour line of the concave curved surface 411 and a line AX that is extended from an axis of the cigarette rod 110, is equal to the angle ⁇ in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG.
  • a distance d in the axial direction of the cigarette rod 110 between two points which define the longest straight line LB among straight lines that connect two points on the contour line of the concave curved surface 412 is equal to the distance d in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • a maximum length LL of the filter 410 in the axial direction of the cigarette rod 110 is equal to the length LL in the filter-tipped cigarette 10 explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • the filter-tipped cigarettes illustrated in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 can be manufactured by obtaining the cigarette-connected body explained above and thereafter cutting the filter material to have curved surfaces by a laser beam.
  • One filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 and one filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are obtained from one cigarette-connected body.
  • the filter-tipped cigarettes explained above according to one aspect of the present invention are contained in a package like ordinary cigarettes.
  • the filter-tipped cigarettes are contained such that their filters are located on an opening side of the package.
  • the filter-tipped cigarettes are located in the package such that the oblique surfaces of the filters are parallel with each other.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a tobacco package 50, in which a plurality of (for example, twenty) filter-tipped cigarettes illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are contained in a soft package 510, and part of which is cut away.
  • the tobacco package 50 is the same as an ordinary tobacco package, except that the contained filter-tipped cigarettes are those of the present invention.
  • the soft package 510 is the same as an ordinary soft package, and includes an exterior soft pack 511 which is formed of paper and has a box shape.
  • an exterior soft pack 511 twenty filter-tipped cigarettes 10 are closely filled and contained, wherein the cigarettes are wrapped in an interior soft pack 512 that is formed of paper backed with aluminum foil.
  • the package 510 is sealed with sealing paper 513 from its top surface to its front surface and back surface.
  • the package 510 is enclosed by a thin resin film (not shown).
  • the filter-tipped cigarettes 10 are preferably contained in the package such that oblique surfaces 121 of the filters 120 are parallel with each other, from the viewpoint of ease of taking the cigarettes out of the package.
  • Filter-tipped cigarettes which have the same structure as that of the filter-tipped cigarette illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 were manufactured, by varying the inclination angle ⁇ of the oblique surface 121 and the difference d between the maximum length and the minimum length of the filter 120 in the axial direction of the cigarette rod 110.
  • the length of the cigarette rod 110 was 59 mm, and the diameter of the cigarette rod 110 was 7.9 mm.
  • the length of the filter 120 along the central axis thereof was 25 mm.
  • the cigarette rod 110 was connected with the filter 120 by tipping paper having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
  • Each tobacco package 50 was manufactured by putting twenty filter-tipped cigarettes having the same structure into the soft package 510 as illustrated in FIG.
  • Table 1 show that cigarettes with filters having oblique surfaces can be more easily taken out of the package, and that the inclination angle ⁇ preferably falls within a range of greater than 28° and less than 72°.
  • the results also show that the distance d preferably falls within a range of greater than 2.5 mm and less than 12.5 mm.
  • the filter-tipped cigarettes according to the present invention can be easily taken out of the package, in particular, the soft package, and has a comparatively simple structure.
  • the filter-tipped cigarette comprising a cylindrical cigarette rod which includes a circular distal end surface and a circular proximal end surface; and a filter which is connected to the cigarette rod, wherein the filter has a shape of a slant cut cylinder which has a lower bottom surface that has a circular shape equal to the proximal end surface of the cigarette rod, and an oblique surface that is inclined with respect to a line that is extended from an axis of the cigarette rod; and is connected at the lower bottom surface to the cigarette rod.

Landscapes

  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Cigarette à bout filtre (10), comprenant :
    une tige de cigarette cylindrique (110) qui inclut une surface d'extrémité distale circulaire (111) et une surface d'extrémité proximale circulaire (112) ; et
    un filtre (120) qui est connecté à la tige de cigarette (110),
    dans laquelle le filtre (120) présente une forme d'un cylindre coupé en oblique qui présente une surface de fond inférieure (122) qui présente une forme circulaire égale à la surface d'extrémité proximale (112) de la tige de cigarette (110), et une surface oblique (121) qui est inclinée par rapport à une ligne qui s'étend à partir d'un axe (AX) de la tige de cigarette (110) ; la surface oblique (121) forme une surface plane ; la surface oblique (121) croise la ligne qui s'étend à partir de l'axe (AX) de la tige de cigarette (110) ; et le filtre (120) est connecté au niveau de la surface de fond inférieure (122) à la tige de cigarette (110), caractérisée en ce que la surface oblique (121) présente une forme elliptique.
  2. Cigarette à bout filtre selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle un angle aigu (θ) qui est réalisé entre la surface oblique (121) et la ligne qui s'étend à partir de l'axe (AX) de la tige de cigarette (110) est supérieur à 28° et inférieur à 72°.
  3. Cigarette à bout filtre (30 ; 40), comprenant :
    une tige de cigarette cylindrique (110) qui inclut une surface d'extrémité distale circulaire (111) et une surface d'extrémité proximale circulaire (112) ; et
    un filtre (310 ; 410) qui est connecté à la tige de cigarette (110),
    dans laquelle le filtre (310 ; 410) présente une forme d'un cylindre coupé en oblique qui présente une surface de fond inférieure (312 ; 412) qui présente une forme circulaire égale à la surface d'extrémité proximale (112) de la tige de cigarette (110), et une surface oblique (311 ; 411) qui est inclinée par rapport à une ligne (AX) qui s'étend à partir d'un axe de la tige de cigarette (110) ; et le filtre (310 ; 410) est connecté au niveau de la surface de fond inférieure (312 ; 412) à la tige de cigarette (110),
    caractérisée en ce que la surface oblique (311 ; 411) forme une surface courbée (311 ; 411) ; et en ce que
    la ligne droite la plus longue (LB) parmi des lignes droites qui connectent deux points sur une ligne de contour de la surface oblique (311 ; 411) qui forme la surface courbée (311 ; 411) croise la ligne (AX) qui s'étend à partir de l'axe de la tige de cigarette (110) de sorte que la ligne droite la plus longue (LB) réalise un angle aigu (θ) avec la ligne étendue (AX).
  4. Cigarette à bout filtre selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle l'angle aigu (θ) est supérieur à 28° et inférieur à 72°.
  5. Cigarette à bout filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle la tige de cigarette (110) présente une longueur de 49 à 68 mm, et un diamètre de 7,2 à 8,3 mm.
  6. Cigarette à bout filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle le filtre (120 ; 310 ; 410) présente une longueur maximale (LL) de 18,25 à 36,25 mm dans une direction axiale de la tige de cigarette (110).
  7. Cigarette à bout filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle une différence (d) entre une longueur maximale et une longueur minimale du filtre (120 ; 310 ; 410) dans une direction axiale de la tige de cigarette (110) est supérieure à 2,5 mm et inférieure à 12,5 mm.
EP11762544.2A 2010-03-30 2011-03-11 Cigarette à filtre Active EP2554061B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010078932 2010-03-30
PCT/JP2011/055761 WO2011122304A1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2011-03-11 Cigarette à filtre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2554061A1 EP2554061A1 (fr) 2013-02-06
EP2554061A4 EP2554061A4 (fr) 2017-03-08
EP2554061B1 true EP2554061B1 (fr) 2019-05-08

Family

ID=44712027

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11762544.2A Active EP2554061B1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2011-03-11 Cigarette à filtre

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2554061B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5449533B2 (fr)
TW (1) TW201201718A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011122304A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014049118A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Philip Morris Products S.A. Article à fumer avec extrémité de bouche non uniforme
WO2023121680A1 (fr) * 2021-12-20 2023-06-29 General Electric Company Filtre à particules à tamis métallique pour profil aérodynamique de turbomachine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR200437887Y1 (ko) * 2007-10-05 2008-01-08 노한용 궐련
WO2011057969A1 (fr) * 2009-11-12 2011-05-19 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Article à fumer

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5410113B2 (fr) 1974-02-18 1979-05-01
JPS50112798U (fr) * 1974-03-04 1975-09-13
JPS5181400U (fr) * 1974-12-20 1976-06-29
FI70779C (fi) * 1982-11-13 1986-10-27 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Filtermunstycke foer en roekprodukt
JP2008161232A (ja) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-17 Toyo Aluminum Ekco Products Kk 清掃用シート
US7836897B2 (en) * 2007-10-05 2010-11-23 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette having configured lighting end

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR200437887Y1 (ko) * 2007-10-05 2008-01-08 노한용 궐련
WO2011057969A1 (fr) * 2009-11-12 2011-05-19 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Article à fumer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5449533B2 (ja) 2014-03-19
WO2011122304A1 (fr) 2011-10-06
JPWO2011122304A1 (ja) 2013-07-08
EP2554061A1 (fr) 2013-02-06
TW201201718A (en) 2012-01-16
EP2554061A4 (fr) 2017-03-08

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