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EP2430204A2 - Alliage à base de nickel utile pour inserts de siège de soupape - Google Patents

Alliage à base de nickel utile pour inserts de siège de soupape

Info

Publication number
EP2430204A2
EP2430204A2 EP10767419A EP10767419A EP2430204A2 EP 2430204 A2 EP2430204 A2 EP 2430204A2 EP 10767419 A EP10767419 A EP 10767419A EP 10767419 A EP10767419 A EP 10767419A EP 2430204 A2 EP2430204 A2 EP 2430204A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
weight percent
valve seat
nickel
tungsten
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10767419A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2430204B1 (fr
EP2430204A4 (fr
Inventor
Cong Yue Qiao
Daniel W. Bancroft
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LE Jones Co
Original Assignee
LE Jones Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LE Jones Co filed Critical LE Jones Co
Publication of EP2430204A2 publication Critical patent/EP2430204A2/fr
Publication of EP2430204A4 publication Critical patent/EP2430204A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2430204B1 publication Critical patent/EP2430204B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/053—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 30% but less than 40%
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/01—Absolute values

Definitions

  • the invention relates to nickel based alloys having high hardness and compressive yield strength. Such alloys are especially useful for engine parts such as valve seat inserts.
  • Nickel based valve seat insert alloys generally have wear resistance, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance superior to those of high alloy steels, and are therefore often used as materials for structural members serving under severe conditions, such as valve seat inserts.
  • Known nickel based alloys used for exhaust valve seat inserts such as an alloy identified as J96 and marketed by L. E. Jones Company, have relatively good characteristics, including good hardness and compressive yield strengths.
  • Another alloy marketed by L. E. Jones is J89, details of which are provided in U.S. Patent No. 6,482,275, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the J89 alloy includes, in weight percent (as used herein "percent” and “%” refer to percent by weight unless otherwise indicated) , 2.25 to 2.6 % C, up to 0.5 % Mn, up to 0.6 % Si, 34.5 to 36.5 % Cr, 4.00 to 4.95 % Mo, 14.5 to 15.5 % W, 5.25 to 6.25 % Fe, balance Ni plus incidental impurities.
  • a nickel based alloy comprising, in weight percentage: carbon from about 0.5 to about 1.5; chromium from about 25 to about 35; tungsten from about 12 to about 18; iron from about 3.5 to about 8.5; molybdenum from about 1 to about 8; manganese up to about 0.50; silicon up to about 1.0; and the balance nickel and incidental impurities.
  • the alloy is suitable for valve seat insert applications in internal combustion engines.
  • FIG. 1 is an OLM photomicrograph at 500X of J91 in an as-cast condition.
  • FIG. 2 is an SEM photomicrograph at 500X of J91 in an as-cast condition.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of wear at elevated temperature for J3, J 130, J 160 and J91 alloys.
  • the nickel based alloy described herein (referred to as “the J91 alloy”) has been designated to promote machinability while maintaining desired hardness and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. Through adjustments in carbon, chromium, nickel and tungsten contents, it is possible to provide a matrix material which is free of coarse primary carbides yet exhibits desired wear resistance properties.
  • the microstructure of the J91 alloy can be characterized as spheroidal or egg-shaped eutectic domains interspersed with a Ni-rich FCC phase and thus provide desired wear resistance properties without reliance on coarse primary carbides.
  • the J91 alloy can exhibit high compressive yield strength, good corrosion resistance and good oxidation resistance.
  • the J91 alloy is not limited in its application to the details of the composition and concentrations of components set forth in the following description.
  • the J91 alloy is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or being carried out in various ways.
  • the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
  • the term "about” is intended to include values up to 10 % higher and up to 10 % lower than the numerical value or ranges recited.
  • the J91 alloy is designed particularly for use in internal combustion engine valve seat inserts, other applications are feasible.
  • the J91 alloy is based on experimental findings that hardness and compressive yield strength of the nickel based alloys can be obtained by removal of coarse primary carbides and creating an evenly distributed face centered cubic (FCC) nickel-solid solution phase in eutectic reaction phases matrix in which additional strengthening solutes can be introduced.
  • FCC face centered cubic
  • Carbon (C) is present in the J91 alloy in an amount ranging from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent of the total alloy; preferably, about 0.95 to about 1.3 weight percent.
  • the J91 alloy surprisingly exhibits wear resistance properties equivalent to that of the J89 alloy but with a much lower carbon content. Whereas the J89 alloy relies on the presence of coarse primary carbides to achieve wear resistance, the J91 alloy which is preferably free of coarse primary carbides can achieve desired wear resistance in an as-cast condition through an improved wear resistant matrix microstructures.
  • Chromium (Cr) is present in the alloy in an amount ranging from about 25 to about 35 weight percent of the total alloy, preferably 27 to 33 weight percent, and more preferably about 28.5 to about 31.5 weight percent of the total alloy.
  • the chromium content can be selected such that the relative amounts of Cr, Ni and W move the J91 alloy closer to the center of the eutectic center point of the Ni-W-Cr ternary phase diagram so as to promote the tendency for intermetallic phase(s) formation between W and Ni.
  • the matrix material can be made very wear resistant.
  • Tungsten (W) is present in the alloy in an amount ranging from about 12 to about 18 weight percent of the total alloy.
  • the tungsten content is at least about 14 weight percent and at most about 16 weight percent.
  • a more preferred W content is about 14.5 to about 15.5 %.
  • Iron (Fe) is present in the alloy in an amount ranging from about 3.5 to about 8.5 weight percent of the total alloy; preferably, at least about 5 weight percent and at most about 7 weight percent. A preferred Fe content is about 5.25 % to about 8.25%.
  • Molybdenum (Mo) is present in the alloy in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 8 weight percent of the total alloy. Generally, greater molybdenum increases alloy hardness and decreases carbide size; however, too much molybdenum may result in a brittle product. The weight percent molybdenum is preferably at least about 2 weight percent and at most about 6.25 weight percent.
  • the alloy contains about 4 to 5 weight percent Mo, most preferably the Mo content is about 4.35 % to about 4.95 %.
  • Mo manganese
  • Mn can be added or present in an amount of up to about 0.5 weight percent of the total alloy.
  • a preferred Mn content is about 0.25 % to about 0.5 %.
  • Silicon (Si) may be added to or present in the alloy at levels up to about 1.0 weight percent of the total alloy.
  • a preferred Si content is about 0.15 % to about 0.60 %.
  • the alloy may contain other intentionally added elements up to a total of 1.5 weight percent.
  • Such other elements include cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr), tantalum (Ta), rare earth, yttria (Y), copper (Cu), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) or other elements.
  • the alloy may include up to 0.5% V, up to 0.5% Co, up to 0.03% P, up to 0.03% S.
  • the balance of the alloy is nickel (Ni) and incidental impurities. Generally, the alloy contains at least about 30 weight percent nickel. A preferred Ni content is about 35 to about 45 %. Thus, the alloy preferably consists essentially of C, Cr, W, Mo, Fe, Ni, Mn and Si. As used herein "consisting essentially of excludes additions which adversely affect machinability and wear properties of the alloy. [0020] At 800°C, the matrix material between the carbides preferably contains a three ⁇ phase eutectic composition of the elements Cr—Ni—W, which provides increased strength.
  • the relative concentration of Cr—Ni—W necessary to form a three-phase eutectic composition may be determined by reference to a Cr—Ni—W ternary component phase diagram. Such phase diagrams are shown, for example, on page 3-48 of the ASM Handbook, Copyright 1992, Volume 3, which is herein incorporated by reference. [0021] In a highly preferred embodiment, the alloy comprises: [0022]
  • Metal parts can be made from the alloy by casting or forming from a powder and sintering, or the alloy can be used as a coating to hardface parts.
  • the alloy is manufactured by casting. Casting is a conventional process in which raw materials are added together and melted to liquid state, and then poured into a cast mold.
  • the metal parts are valve seat inserts made by casting or powder metallurgy for use in internal combustion engines.
  • the J91 alloy is nickel-based, the thermal expansion coefficient of the alloy tends to be closer to that of iron than nickel.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of cast iron is approximately 11.5 x 10 "6 mm/mm °C. at a temperature of 25-600°C.) This is beneficial because the valve seat insert tends to be much hotter than the surrounding material when the engine is operating. If the thermal expansion coefficient of the valve insert alloy closely matches that of the cylinder head alloy, this enables the insert and cylinder head to expand at the same rate, thereby improving insert retention characteristics.
  • the J91 alloy has good high temperature compressive yield strength which increases wear resistance and decreases material yielding during operation. Decreased yielding serves to improve insert retention.
  • the alloy has a compressive yield strength of at least about 110 thousand pounds per square inch (KSI) at room temperature; more preferably, at least about 130 KSI at room temperature.
  • KSI thousand pounds per square inch
  • Increased hot hardness contributes to improved wear resistance and provides a safety factor for inserts which run beyond the normal operating temperature.
  • the J91 alloy possesses a matrix composed of eutectic reaction phases along with a small amount of randomly distributed FCC nickel solid solution phase.
  • the nickel solid solution phase is distributed along the grain boundaries of eutectic phases.
  • An optical light microscope (OLM) photomicrograph and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photomicrograph exhibiting typical J91 microstructures are depictured in Figures 1 and 2, respectively.
  • a heat of J89 (Heat No. 7Kl 7K) and a heat of J91 (Heat No. 8Ll 5XA) were employed for the optical light microscopic microstructural characterization.
  • a heat of J91 Heat No.
  • Typical bulk hardness of alloy J91 is Rockwell C (HRC) of 48 to 52, preferably about 49 to 51.
  • HRC Rockwell C
  • alloy J91 possesses a bulk hardness in between that for J96 (HRC 40) and J89 (HRC 55).
  • J96 (for alloys summarized in Table 2) is summarized in Table 3. J91 was found to possess a significant greater hot hardness compared to J96, even though J91 does not contain coarse primary carbide in its microstructures. [0035] Table 3. A comparison of hot hardness among alloys J89, J91, and J96.
  • J91 showed a similar wear resistance to alloys J 130 and J 160 when paired with Pyromet 31 V valve material.
  • alloys of the present invention are capable of being incorporated in the form of a variety of embodiments, only a few of which have been described above.
  • the invention may be embodied in other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics.
  • the described embodiments are considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un alliage à base de nickel, comprenant, en pourcentage en poids : d'environ 0,5 à environ 1,5 de carbone, d'environ 25 à environ 35 de chrome, d'environ 12 à environ 18 de tungstène, d'environ 3,5 à environ 8,5 de fer, d'environ 1 à environ 8 de molybdène, jusqu'à environ 0,50 de manganèse, jusqu'à environ 1,0 de silicium, le reste étant du nickel et les impuretés inévitables. L'alliage est approprié pour des applications d'inserts de siège de soupape dans les moteurs à combustion interne.
EP10767419.4A 2009-04-24 2010-04-21 Alliage à base de nickel utile pour inserts de siège de soupape Active EP2430204B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/429,837 US20100272597A1 (en) 2009-04-24 2009-04-24 Nickel based alloy useful for valve seat inserts
PCT/US2010/001177 WO2010123552A2 (fr) 2009-04-24 2010-04-21 Alliage à base de nickel utile pour inserts de siège de soupape

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2430204A2 true EP2430204A2 (fr) 2012-03-21
EP2430204A4 EP2430204A4 (fr) 2015-09-02
EP2430204B1 EP2430204B1 (fr) 2018-07-04

Family

ID=42992306

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10767419.4A Active EP2430204B1 (fr) 2009-04-24 2010-04-21 Alliage à base de nickel utile pour inserts de siège de soupape

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20100272597A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2430204B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102439184B (fr)
WO (1) WO2010123552A2 (fr)

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DK177487B1 (en) * 2012-07-06 2013-07-15 Man Diesel & Turbo Deutschland An exhaust valve spindle for an exhaust valve in an internal combustion engine
JP6065580B2 (ja) * 2012-12-25 2017-01-25 住友電気工業株式会社 内燃機関用材料の評価試験方法
US10519529B2 (en) 2013-11-20 2019-12-31 Questek Innovations Llc Nickel-based alloys
US9638075B2 (en) * 2013-12-02 2017-05-02 L.E. Jones Company High performance nickel-based alloy
CN103882265B (zh) * 2014-02-26 2016-05-25 蚌埠市英路光电有限公司 一种排气阀用镍基高温合金材料及其制备方法
US11353117B1 (en) 2020-01-17 2022-06-07 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Valve seat insert system and method
US11421680B1 (en) 2020-06-30 2022-08-23 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Packing bore wear sleeve retainer system
US12049889B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2024-07-30 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Packing bore wear sleeve retainer system
US11421679B1 (en) 2020-06-30 2022-08-23 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Packing assembly with threaded sleeve for interaction with an installation tool
US11384756B1 (en) 2020-08-19 2022-07-12 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Composite valve seat system and method
USD980876S1 (en) 2020-08-21 2023-03-14 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Fluid end for a pumping system
USD997992S1 (en) 2020-08-21 2023-09-05 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Fluid end for a pumping system
USD986928S1 (en) 2020-08-21 2023-05-23 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Fluid end for a pumping system
US12366245B1 (en) 2020-08-27 2025-07-22 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Connecting rod assembly for reciprocating pump
US12055221B2 (en) 2021-01-14 2024-08-06 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Dual ring stuffing box
US11391374B1 (en) 2021-01-14 2022-07-19 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Dual ring stuffing box
US12292120B1 (en) 2021-02-23 2025-05-06 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC System and method for valve assembly
US11846356B1 (en) 2021-08-18 2023-12-19 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Self-locking plug
US12140240B1 (en) 2022-01-19 2024-11-12 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Gradient material structures and methods of forming the same
US12297922B1 (en) 2022-03-04 2025-05-13 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Valve seat with embedded structure and related methods
US11434900B1 (en) 2022-04-25 2022-09-06 Vulcan Industrial Holdings, LLC Spring controlling valve
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100272597A1 (en) 2010-10-28
EP2430204B1 (fr) 2018-07-04
WO2010123552A3 (fr) 2011-01-27
CN102439184B (zh) 2014-07-02
HK1168391A1 (en) 2012-12-28
WO2010123552A2 (fr) 2010-10-28
CN102439184A (zh) 2012-05-02
EP2430204A4 (fr) 2015-09-02

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