EP2419435A2 - Method for producing monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines - Google Patents
Method for producing monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylaminesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2419435A2 EP2419435A2 EP10715142A EP10715142A EP2419435A2 EP 2419435 A2 EP2419435 A2 EP 2419435A2 EP 10715142 A EP10715142 A EP 10715142A EP 10715142 A EP10715142 A EP 10715142A EP 2419435 A2 EP2419435 A2 EP 2419435A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anhydride
- aldehyde
- glycosylamines
- aldehyde sugar
- monoethylenically unsaturated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229930182474 N-glycoside Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000002341 glycosylamines Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000003139 primary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical class O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(=O)C=C ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical class C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005392 carboxamide group Chemical group NC(=O)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000704 aldohexosyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002170 glycosylamine group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- -1 tert-amyl Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FTNIPWXXIGNQQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD130147 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(CO)OC(OC2C(OC(OC3C(OC(OC4C(OC(O)C(O)C4O)CO)C(O)C3O)CO)C(O)C2O)CO)C(O)C1O FTNIPWXXIGNQQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 4
- FJCUPROCOFFUSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N malto-pentaose Natural products OC1C(O)C(OC(C(O)CO)C(O)C(O)C=O)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 FJCUPROCOFFUSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FJCUPROCOFFUSR-GMMZZHHDSA-N maltopentaose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@H]([C@H](O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@@H](CO)O1 FJCUPROCOFFUSR-GMMZZHHDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)=C DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical class COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JWUXJYZVKZKLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triacetonamine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(=O)CC(C)(C)N1 JWUXJYZVKZKLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acryloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C=C HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N (2S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropansäure Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OCUKTPXQJADNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1ON1C(C)(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C OCUKTPXQJADNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005643 Pelargonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD55895 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(CO)OC(OC2C(OC(OC3C(OC(O)C(O)C3O)CO)C(O)C2O)CO)C(O)C1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001312 aldohexoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001323 aldoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010640 amide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009582 asparagine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001230 asparagine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical class NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004554 glutamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003147 glycosyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002373 hemiacetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);1,10-phenanthroline;dicyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-RTPHMHGBSA-N isomaltose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O1 DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-RTPHMHGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UYQJCPNSAVWAFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N malto-tetraose Natural products OC1C(O)C(OC(C(O)CO)C(O)C(O)C=O)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UYQJCPNSAVWAFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-OUBHKODOSA-N maltotetraose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O[C@@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-OUBHKODOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N mannotriose Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(CO)OC(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)C(O)C1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- FSWDLYNGJBGFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound CCC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)CC)C=C1 FSWDLYNGJBGFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008729 phenylalanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000004400 serine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical group COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N β-1,4-galactotrioside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H5/00—Compounds containing saccharide radicals in which the hetero bonds to oxygen have been replaced by the same number of hetero bonds to halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium
- C07H5/04—Compounds containing saccharide radicals in which the hetero bonds to oxygen have been replaced by the same number of hetero bonds to halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium to nitrogen
- C07H5/06—Aminosugars
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H13/00—Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof, or by organic acids, e.g. phosphonic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/02—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
- C07H15/12—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to a nitrogen atom of the saccharide radical
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines and to a process for the preparation of polymers which contain copolymerized N-acylated glycosylamine groups.
- Unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines or N-allyl glycosides are accessible in a variety of ways.
- the targeted chemical synthesis of unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines is difficult because of the high functionality of the sugar residue.
- WO 90/10023 describes oligomeric N-acryloyl and N- (meth) acryloylglycosylamines whose (meth) acrylic radical is in the anomeric position.
- disaccharides are transferred with ammonium bicarbonate in water in the corresponding glycosylamine.
- the gycosylamine is N-acylated by means of acrylic acid chloride in tetrahydrofuran as solvent.
- the process described here is very long with 6-14 days of reaction time.
- the object of the invention was to develop a process for the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines, which has the disadvantages of the above-described
- the synthesis should be selective, especially in good yield of desired monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines, d. H. without formation of multiple amines and thus without the formation of several radically polymerizable double bonds in a cost-effective manner be feasible. Furthermore, the production process should have a good space-time yield.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polymers, the N-acylated glycosyl contain amine groups in copolymerized form, as well as new unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines.
- the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines takes place in two steps: by reacting an aldehyde sugar with a primary aliphatic amine or ammonia to give the corresponding glycosylamine and the resulting N-glycosylamine with the anhydride of an unsaturated carboxylic acid to monoethylenic unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamine.
- the two process steps are carried out according to the invention directly one after the other so without intermediate isolation.
- the preparation of N-allyl glycosides is carried out by reacting an aldehyde sugar directly with allylamine in the aqueous medium.
- Ci-Cs-alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n- or i-propyl, n-, sec- or tert-butyl, n- or tert-amyl, and n- Hexyl, n-heptyl and n-octyl and the mono- or polysubstituted analogs thereof.
- aldehyde sugars are below reducing sugars to understand that carry in their open-chain form an aldehyde group.
- the aldehyde sugars used according to the invention are open-chain or cyclic mono- and oligosaccharides from natural and synthetic sources with an aldehyde radical or its hemiacetal.
- the aldehyde sugars selected from mono- and oligosaccharides are preferred in optically pure form. They are also suitable as a stereoisomer mixture.
- Monosaccharides are selected from aldoses, in particular aldo-pentoses and preferably aldo-hexoses. Suitable monosaccharides are, for example, arabinose, ribose, xylose, mannose and galactose, in particular glucose. Since the monosaccharides are reacted in aqueous solution, they are due to the Mutarotation in both annular Halbacetal form as well as to a certain percentage in of open-chain aldehyde form.
- the aldehyde sugar is an oligosaccharide.
- Oligosaccharides are understood as meaning compounds having 2 to 20 repeat units.
- Preferred oligosaccharides are selected from di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-, hepta-, octa, nona- and decasaccharides, preferably saccharides having 2 to 9 repeat units.
- the linkage within the chains takes place 1, 4-glycosidically and optionally 1, 6-glycosidic.
- the aldehyde sugars even if they are oligomeric aldehyde sugars, have one reducing group per molecule. Preference is given to using compounds of the general formula I as aldehyde sugar (saccharides)
- n stands for the number 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
- oligosaccharides in which n is an integer from 1 to 8 are particularly preferred. It is possible to use oligosaccharides with a defined number of repeating units. Examples which may be mentioned as oligosaccharides lactose, maltose, isomaltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose and maltopentaose.
- mixtures of oligosaccharides having different numbers of repeating units are chosen.
- Such mixtures are obtainable by hydrolysis of a polysaccharide, preferably cellulose or starch, such as enzymatic or acid catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose or starch.
- Plant starch consists of amylose and amylopectin as the main component of the starch.
- Amylose consists of predominantly unbranched chains of glucose molecules, which are 1, 4-linked glycosidically.
- Amylopectin consists of branched chains in which, in addition to the 1, 4-glycosidic linkages, there are additional 1, 6-glycosylic linkages leading to branching.
- hydrolysis products of amylopectin as starting compound for the process according to the invention and are included in the definition of oligosaccharides.
- Suitable primary aliphatic amines according to the invention may be linear or branched.
- primary aliphatic amines are aliphatic monoamines, preferably saturated monoamines, having a primary amino group.
- the saturated aliphatic radical is generally an alkyl radical, preferably having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by oxygen atoms and may optionally carry one or two carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and / or carboxamide groups.
- Suitable primary aliphatic amines which are suitable according to the invention and which are substituted by hydroxyl, carboxyl or carboxamide are alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, and amino acids such as glycine, alanine, phenylalanine, serine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
- suitable primary aliphatic amines the alkylene radical is interrupted by oxygen, are preferably 3-methoxy-propylamine, 2-ethoxy-ethylamine, and 3- (2-ethylhexyloxy) propylamine.
- Preferred primary aliphatic amines are C 1 -C 5 -alkylamines, in particular C 1 -C 4 -alkylamines, such as ethylamine, 1-amino-propane, 2-amino-propane, 1-amino-butane, 2-amino-butane, in particular methylamine.
- the primary aliphatic amines are preferably selected from methylamine and ethanolamine. Furthermore, the reaction with ammonia or mixtures of ammonia with primary aliphatic amines is preferred.
- anhydrides of a monounsaturated carboxylic acid used according to the invention are preferably selected from the acrylic anhydride, the anhydrides of C-i-C ⁇ -alkyl-substituted acrylic acid, itaconic anhydride and maleic anhydride. They are preferably selected from methacrylic anhydride, acrylic anhydride, itaconic anhydride and maleic anhydride.
- the monoethylenically unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines obtained by the reaction with maleic anhydride are novel and are likewise the subject matter of the present invention.
- the new monoethylenically unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines obey the general formula II in which Z is the radical of an aldehyde sugar, the bond of which is via the monomeric carbon, ie an N-glycosidic bond, R 1 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl which is optionally interrupted by oxygen atoms and / or optionally bears one or two carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and or carboxamide groups.
- Z is preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, in particular methyl, or C 1 -C 4 -hydroxyalkyl.
- Z is preferably a radical of the general formula
- n stands for the number O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
- aqueous medium water and mixtures of water with up to 50% by weight, based on the mixture of at least one organic solvent.
- Suitable organic solvents are those which are at least limited by water, in particular completely miscible at 20 ° C. This is understood to mean a miscibility of at least 50% by weight of solvent in water at 20 ° C.
- Suitable organic solvents are C 1 -C 3 -alkanols, for example methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, mono-, oligo- or polyalkylene glycols which contain C 2 -C 6 -alkylene units, such as ethylene glycol, 1, 2 or 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 2 or 1, 4-butylene glycol, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, Diethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl diglycol) or triethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl esters of polyhydric alcohols, glycerol, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, di
- the concentration of aldehyde sugar is generally from 10 to 40% by weight, based on the aqueous medium.
- the molar ratio of primary aliphatic amine to aldehyde sugar can vary within a wide range, preferably in the ratio of 5: 1 to 0.5: 1, in particular 3: 1 to 0.8: 1, vary. Particularly preferred is a molar ratio of primary aliphatic amine to aldehyde sugar of 2: 1 to 1: 1.
- the molar ratio is not related to the number of molecules but to the number of reducing ends (aldehyde groups). That is, 1 mole of aldehyde sugar is the amount of aldehyde sugar containing 6.02217 * 10 23 reducing ends.
- the molar ratio of anhydride to primary aliphatic amine can vary within a range of 2: 1 to 0.8: 1, preferably in a range of 1.2: 1 to 0.9: 1, more preferably in a range of 1 , 1: 1 to 0.95: 1.
- the reaction can be carried out continuously, for example in a tubular reactor or in a stirred reactor cascade, or discontinuously.
- the reaction can be carried out in all reactors suitable for such a reaction. Such reactors are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the reaction preferably takes place in a stirred tank reactor.
- reaction medium is single-phase and the reactants are dissolved, suspended or emulsified therein.
- the temperature is adjusted to the desired value during the reaction and, if desired, can be increased or decreased during the course of the reaction.
- additional stabilizer may be added to the reaction mixture via the storage stabilizer which is generally present in the anhydride, for example hydroquinone monomethyl ether, phenothiazine, phenols, such as, for example, 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert.
- the storage stabilizer which is generally present in the anhydride, for example hydroquinone monomethyl ether, phenothiazine, phenols, such as, for example, 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert.
- Butyl-2,4-dimethyl-phenol or N-oxyls such as 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine N-oxyl or Uvinul ® 4040P from BASF SE or amines such as BPD Kerobit ® BASF SE (N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine), for example in amounts of from 0.5 to 100 ppm based on the overall approach.
- the reaction is carried out in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas, preferably air or air-nitrogen mixtures.
- an oxygen-containing gas preferably air or air-nitrogen mixtures.
- the temperature in the range from 0 0 C to 90 0 C may be preferably in the range of 15 ° C to 40 0 C.
- the reaction time is usually in the range of about 1 to 24 hours, preferably in the range of 2 to 6 hours.
- the temperature may be in the range of -5 ° C to 40 0 C, preferably in the range of -1 ° C to 25 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually in the range of about 5 to 40 hours, preferably in the range of 10 to 20 hours.
- the acid which may optionally be obtained as an additional product from the anhydride during amide formation may be conveniently removed from the reaction mixture. tion equilibrium continuously or stepwise, be removed.
- Molecular sieves pore size, for example, in the range of about 3-10 angstroms
- a separation by distillation or with the aid of suitable semipermeable membranes are suitable for this purpose.
- the desired monounsaturated N-acylated glycosylamine or N-allyl glycoside may be separated from the organic solvent, if necessary, e.g. As chromatographic, purify, and then use for the preparation of the desired polymers. In general, however, it is completely sufficient before the further reaction to separate the organic diluent, for example by distillation.
- the inventive method is characterized by a small proportion of organic see solvents. In this way, elaborate isolation methods can be avoided before further implementation. Rather, it is possible to use the resulting reaction mixture directly for further polymerization.
- the process according to the invention has a good space-time yield as a "one-pot process" and can be carried out inexpensively.
- Another object of the invention relates to processes for the preparation of polymers which contain copolymerized N-acylated glycosylamine groups, comprising the provision of a monoethylenically unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamine by a process according to the invention, and the subsequent free-radical polymerization optionally after addition of comonomers.
- Suitable comonomers are: other unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines or N-allyl glycosides or polymerizable non-sugar monomers prepared according to the invention, such as (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, their alkali metal or ammonium salts and their esters, O-vinyl esters of C1- C25-carboxylic acids, N-vinylamides of C1-C25-carboxylic acids, N-vinylpyrroloidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-oxazolidone, N-vinylimidazole, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, ethylene, propylene, butylene, Butadiene, styrene.
- acrylic acid maleic acid, itaconic acid, their alkali metal or ammonium salts and their esters
- C 1 -C 25 -carboxylic acids are saturated acids, such as formic, acetic, propionic and n- and i-butyric acid, n- and i-valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecorated canic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid and melissic acid.
- saturated acids such as formic, acetic, propionic and n- and i-butyric acid, n- and i-valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecorated canic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid
- the (co) polymerization takes place as a free-radical polymerization in the form of solution, suspension, precipitation or emulsion polymerization or by polymerization in bulk, ie without solvent.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines, in which an aldehyde sugar is reacted with a primary aliphatic amine or ammonia in an aqueous medium and with the anhydride of a simple unsaturated carboxylic acid, without intermediate isolation, or aldehyde sugar is reacted directly with allylamine. The invention also relates to a method for producing polymers containing polymerised N-acylated glycosylamine groups, and to novel unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamine.
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von monoethylenisch ungesättigten Glykosylaminen Process for the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von monoethylenisch ungesättigten Glykosylaminen sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polymeren, die N-acylierte Glykosylamingruppen einpolymerisiert enthalten.The invention relates to a process for the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines and to a process for the preparation of polymers which contain copolymerized N-acylated glycosylamine groups.
Ungesättigte N-acylierte Glykosylamine oder N-Alllylglykoside sind auf verschiedenen Wegen zugänglich. Die gezielte chemische Synthese von ungesättigten N-acylierten Glykosylaminen ist wegen der hohen Funktionalität der Zuckerrest schwierig.Unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines or N-allyl glycosides are accessible in a variety of ways. The targeted chemical synthesis of unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines is difficult because of the high functionality of the sugar residue.
So beschreibt die WO 90/10023 oligomere N-Acryloyl- und N-(Meth)acryloylglycosyl- amine, deren (Meth)acrylrest sich in der anomeren Position befindet. Zur Herstellung werden die Disaccharide mit Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat in Wasser in das korrespondiere Glykosylamin überführt. Nach Zwischenisolierung wird das Gykosylamin mittels Acrylsäurechlorid in Tetrahydrofuran als Lösungsmittel N-acyliert. Das hierzu geschilderte Verfahren ist mit 6-14 Tagen Reaktionszeit sehr lang.For example, WO 90/10023 describes oligomeric N-acryloyl and N- (meth) acryloylglycosylamines whose (meth) acrylic radical is in the anomeric position. For the preparation of the disaccharides are transferred with ammonium bicarbonate in water in the corresponding glycosylamine. After intermediate isolation, the gycosylamine is N-acylated by means of acrylic acid chloride in tetrahydrofuran as solvent. The process described here is very long with 6-14 days of reaction time.
Das zur Einführung von Acrylresten in der Literatur beschriebene Acrylsäurechlorid führt zu einem Produktgemisch mit einer hohen Salzfracht, die durch aufwändige Reinigungsschritte abgetrennt werden muss.The acrylic acid chloride described for the introduction of acrylic radicals in the literature leads to a product mixture with a high salt load, which must be separated by complex purification steps.
Aufgabe der Erfindung war es, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung monoethylenisch unge- sättigter Glykosylamine zu entwickeln, das die oben beschriebenen Nachteile desThe object of the invention was to develop a process for the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines, which has the disadvantages of the above-described
Standes der Technik wenigstens teilweise vermeidet. Die Synthese sollte insbesondere bei guter Ausbeute an gewünschten monoethylenisch ungesättigten Glykosylaminen selektiv, d. h. ohne Bildung von Mehrfachaminen und damit ohne Bildung mehrerer radikalisch polymerisierbarer Doppelbindungen in kostengünstiger weise durchführbar sein. Ferner sollte das Herstellverfahren eine gute Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute aufweisen.Prior art at least partially avoids. The synthesis should be selective, especially in good yield of desired monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines, d. H. without formation of multiple amines and thus without the formation of several radically polymerizable double bonds in a cost-effective manner be feasible. Furthermore, the production process should have a good space-time yield.
Obige Aufgabe konnte überraschenderweise durch gezielte Wahl der Verfahrensbedingungen, insbesondere durch Arbeiten in einem wässrigen Medium bei relativ geringem absolutem Anteil an organischem Lösungsmittel (bezogen auf die eingesetzte Aldehydzuckermenge) gelöst werden.Surprisingly, the above object was achieved by a specific choice of the process conditions, in particular by working in an aqueous medium with a relatively low absolute proportion of organic solvent (based on the amount of aldehyde sugar used).
Demgemäß wurde ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von monoethylenisch ungesättigten Glykosylaminen gefunden, bei dem man einen Aldehydzucker mit einem primären a- liphatischen Amin oder Ammoniak im wässrigen Medium umsetzt und ohne Zwischen- isolierung mit dem Anhydrid einer einfach ungesättigten Carbonsäure umsetzt oder einen Aldehydzucker direkt mit Allylamin umsetzt. Weiterhin betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polymeren die N-acylierte Glykosyl-
amingruppen einpolymerisiert enthalten, sowie neue ungesättigten N-maleinylierten Glykosylamine.Accordingly, a process for the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines has been found, in which an aldehyde sugar is reacted with a primary aliphatic amine or ammonia in an aqueous medium and reacted without intermediate isolation with the anhydride of a monounsaturated carboxylic acid or an aldehyde sugar is reacted directly with allylamine , Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polymers, the N-acylated glycosyl contain amine groups in copolymerized form, as well as new unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform erfolgt die Herstellung von monoethylenisch ungesättig- ten N-acylierten Glykosylaminen in zwei Schritten: indem man einen Aldehydzucker mit einem primären aliphatischen Amin oder Ammoniak zum korrespondierenden Glykosy- lamin umsetzt und das entstandene N-Glykosylamin mit dem Anhydrid einer ungesättigten Carbonsäure zum monoethylenisch ungesättigten N-acylierten Glykosylamin umsetzt. Die beiden Verfahrensschritte werden erfindungsgemäß direkt nacheinander also ohne Zwischenisolierung durchgeführt.According to one embodiment, the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines takes place in two steps: by reacting an aldehyde sugar with a primary aliphatic amine or ammonia to give the corresponding glycosylamine and the resulting N-glycosylamine with the anhydride of an unsaturated carboxylic acid to monoethylenic unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamine. The two process steps are carried out according to the invention directly one after the other so without intermediate isolation.
Gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform erfolgt die Herstellung von N-Allylglykosiden, indem man einen Aldehydzucker direkt mit Allylamin im wässrigen Medium umsetzt.According to a second embodiment, the preparation of N-allyl glycosides is carried out by reacting an aldehyde sugar directly with allylamine in the aqueous medium.
Werden keine anderen Angaben gemacht, so steht im Rahmen dieser Anmeldung Ci-Cs-Alkyl für Methyl, Ethyl, n- oder i-Propyl, n-, sec- oder tert.-Butyl, n- oder tert- Amyl, sowie n-Hexyl, n-Heptyl und n-Octyl sowie die ein- oder mehrfach verzweigten Analoga davon.Unless otherwise stated, in this application Ci-Cs-alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n- or i-propyl, n-, sec- or tert-butyl, n- or tert-amyl, and n- Hexyl, n-heptyl and n-octyl and the mono- or polysubstituted analogs thereof.
Unter Aldehydzucker sind nachfolgend reduzierende Zucker zu verstehen, die in ihrer offenkettigen Form eine Aldehydgruppe tragen. Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Aldehydzucker sind offenkettige bzw. cyclische Mono- und Oligosaccharide aus natürlichen und synthetischen Quellen mit einem Aldehydrest bzw. dessen Halbacetal. Insbesondere sind die Aldehydzucker ausgewählt unter Mono- und Oligosacchariden in optisch reiner Form bevorzugt. Sie sind auch als Stereoisomerengemisch geeignet.Under aldehyde sugar are below reducing sugars to understand that carry in their open-chain form an aldehyde group. The aldehyde sugars used according to the invention are open-chain or cyclic mono- and oligosaccharides from natural and synthetic sources with an aldehyde radical or its hemiacetal. In particular, the aldehyde sugars selected from mono- and oligosaccharides are preferred in optically pure form. They are also suitable as a stereoisomer mixture.
Monosaccharide sind ausgewählt unter Aldosen, insbesondere Aldo-Pentosen und bevorzugt Aldo-Hexosen. Geeignete Monosaccharide sind beispielsweise Arabinose, Ribose, Xylose, Mannose und Galactose insbesondere Glukose. Da die Monosaccha- ride in wässriger Lösung umgesetzt werden, liegen sie aufgrund der Mutarotation sowohl in ringförmiger Halbacetal-Form wie auch zu einem gewissen Prozentsatz in of- fenkettiger Aldehyd-Form vor.Monosaccharides are selected from aldoses, in particular aldo-pentoses and preferably aldo-hexoses. Suitable monosaccharides are, for example, arabinose, ribose, xylose, mannose and galactose, in particular glucose. Since the monosaccharides are reacted in aqueous solution, they are due to the Mutarotation in both annular Halbacetal form as well as to a certain percentage in of open-chain aldehyde form.
Bevorzugt ist der Aldehydzucker ein Oligosaccharid. Unter Oligosaccharide werden Verbindungen mit 2 bis 20 Wiederholungseinheiten verstanden. Bevorzugte Oligosaccharide sind ausgewählt unter Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Penta-, und Hexa-, Hepta-, Octa, Nona- und Decasacchariden, bevorzugt Saccharide mit 2 bis 9 Wiederholungseinheiten. Die Verknüpfung innerhalb der Ketten erfolgt 1 ,4-glycosidisch und gegebenenfalls 1 ,6-gly- cosidisch. Die Aldehydzucker haben, auch wenn es sich um oligomere Aldehydzucker handelt, eine reduzierende Gruppe pro Molekül.
Bevorzugt werden als Aldehydzucker (Saccharide) Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel I eingesetztPreferably, the aldehyde sugar is an oligosaccharide. Oligosaccharides are understood as meaning compounds having 2 to 20 repeat units. Preferred oligosaccharides are selected from di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-, hepta-, octa, nona- and decasaccharides, preferably saccharides having 2 to 9 repeat units. The linkage within the chains takes place 1, 4-glycosidically and optionally 1, 6-glycosidic. The aldehyde sugars, even if they are oligomeric aldehyde sugars, have one reducing group per molecule. Preference is given to using compounds of the general formula I as aldehyde sugar (saccharides)
in der n für die Zahl 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8 steht. in which n stands for the number 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
Die Oligosaccharide in denen n für eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 8 steht, werden besonders bevorzugt. Dabei ist es möglich, Oligosaccharide mit einer definierten Zahl an Wiederholungseinheiten einzusetzen. Beispielhaft seien als Oligosaccharide Lactose, Maltose, Isomaltose, Maltotriose, Maltotetraose und Maltopentaose genannt.The oligosaccharides in which n is an integer from 1 to 8 are particularly preferred. It is possible to use oligosaccharides with a defined number of repeating units. Examples which may be mentioned as oligosaccharides lactose, maltose, isomaltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose and maltopentaose.
Vorzugsweise werden Mischungen aus Oligosacchariden mit unterschiedlicher Anzahl an Wiederholungseinheiten gewählt. Derartige Mischungen sind durch Hydrolyse eines Polysaccharids bevorzugt von Cellulose oder Stärke erhältlich, wie enzymatische oder sauer katalysierte Hydrolyse von Cellulose oder Stärke. Pflanzliche Stärke besteht aus Amylose und Amylopektin als Hauptbestandteil der Stärke. Amylose besteht aus überwiegend unverzweigten Ketten von Glucosemolekülen, die 1 ,4-glycosidisch miteinander verknüpft sind. Amylopektin besteht aus verzweigten Ketten, in denen es neben den 1 ,4-glycosidischen Verknüpfungen zusätzlich 1 ,6-glycosische Verknüpfungen gibt, die zu Verzweigungen führen. Erfindungsgemäß eignen sich auch Hydrolyseprodukte von Amylopektin als Ausgangsverbindung für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und sind mit von der Definition Oligosaccharide umfasst.Preferably, mixtures of oligosaccharides having different numbers of repeating units are chosen. Such mixtures are obtainable by hydrolysis of a polysaccharide, preferably cellulose or starch, such as enzymatic or acid catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose or starch. Plant starch consists of amylose and amylopectin as the main component of the starch. Amylose consists of predominantly unbranched chains of glucose molecules, which are 1, 4-linked glycosidically. Amylopectin consists of branched chains in which, in addition to the 1, 4-glycosidic linkages, there are additional 1, 6-glycosylic linkages leading to branching. Also suitable according to the invention are hydrolysis products of amylopectin as starting compound for the process according to the invention and are included in the definition of oligosaccharides.
Erfindungsgemäß geeignete primäre aliphatische Amine können linear oder verzweigt sein. Primäre aliphatische Amine im Sinne dieser Erfindung sind aliphatische Monoa- mine, bevorzugt gesättigte Monoamine, mit einer primären Aminogruppe. Der gesättigte aliphatische Rest ist in der Regel ein Alkylrest, mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 8 C-Atomen, der durch O-Atome unterbrochen sein kann und der gegebenenfalls ein oder zwei Car- boxylgruppen, Hydroxylgruppen und oder Carboxamidgruppen tragen kann.Suitable primary aliphatic amines according to the invention may be linear or branched. For the purposes of this invention, primary aliphatic amines are aliphatic monoamines, preferably saturated monoamines, having a primary amino group. The saturated aliphatic radical is generally an alkyl radical, preferably having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by oxygen atoms and may optionally carry one or two carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and / or carboxamide groups.
Als erfindungsgemäß geeignete primäre aliphatische Amine, die mit Hydroxyl, Carboxyl oder Carboxamid substituiert sind, seien Alkanolamine wie Ethanolamin, und Aminosäuren wie Glycin, Alanin, Phenylalanin, Serin, Asparagin, Glutamin, Asparaginsäure und Glutaminsäure genannt.
Erfindungsgemäß geeignete primäre aliphatische Amine, deren Alkylenrest mit Sauerstoff unterbrochen ist, sind bevorzugt 3-Methoxy-propylamin, 2-Ethoxy-ethylamin, und 3-(2-Ethylhexyloxy)propylamin.Suitable primary aliphatic amines which are suitable according to the invention and which are substituted by hydroxyl, carboxyl or carboxamide are alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, and amino acids such as glycine, alanine, phenylalanine, serine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid. According to the invention suitable primary aliphatic amines, the alkylene radical is interrupted by oxygen, are preferably 3-methoxy-propylamine, 2-ethoxy-ethylamine, and 3- (2-ethylhexyloxy) propylamine.
Bevorzugt werden als primäre aliphatische Amine d-Cs-Alkylamine, insbesondere Ci-C-4-Alkylamine, eingesetzt wie Ethylamin, 1-Amino-propan, 2-Amino-propan, 1- Amino-butan, 2-Amino-butan, insbesondere Methylamin.Preferred primary aliphatic amines are C 1 -C 5 -alkylamines, in particular C 1 -C 4 -alkylamines, such as ethylamine, 1-amino-propane, 2-amino-propane, 1-amino-butane, 2-amino-butane, in particular methylamine.
Bevorzugt sind die primären aliphatische Amine ausgewählt unter Methylamin und E- thanolamin. Weiterhin ist die Umsetzung mit Ammoniak bzw. Mischungen von Ammoniak mit primären aliphatischen Aminen bevorzugt.The primary aliphatic amines are preferably selected from methylamine and ethanolamine. Furthermore, the reaction with ammonia or mixtures of ammonia with primary aliphatic amines is preferred.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Anhydride einer einfach ungesättigten Carbonsäure (nachfolgend auch als "Anhydrid" bezeichnet) sind vorzugsweise ausgewählt unter den Acrylsäureanhydrid, den Anhydriden der C-i-Cβ-Alkyl-substituierten Acrylsäure, Itacon- säureanhydrid sowie Maleinsäureanhydrid. Bevorzugt werden sie ausgewählt unter Methacrylsäureanhydrid, Acrylsäureanhydrid, Itaconsäureanhydrid und Maleinsäureanhydrid.The anhydrides of a monounsaturated carboxylic acid used according to the invention (hereinafter also referred to as "anhydride") are preferably selected from the acrylic anhydride, the anhydrides of C-i-Cβ-alkyl-substituted acrylic acid, itaconic anhydride and maleic anhydride. They are preferably selected from methacrylic anhydride, acrylic anhydride, itaconic anhydride and maleic anhydride.
Die durch die Umsetzung mit Maleinsäureanhydrid erhaltenen monoethylenisch ungesättigten N-maleinylierten Glykosylamine sind neu und sind ebenfalls Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung.The monoethylenically unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines obtained by the reaction with maleic anhydride are novel and are likewise the subject matter of the present invention.
Die neuen monoethylenisch ungesättigten N-maleinylierten Glykosylamine gehorchen der allgemeinen Formel Il
in der Z für den Rest eines Aldehydzuckers steht, dessen Bindung über den a- nomeren Kohlenstoff erfolgt, also eine N-glycosidische Bindung ist, R1 für Wasserstoff oder Ci -Ce-Al kyl, das gegebenenfalls durch Sauerstoffatome unterbrochen ist und/oder das gegebenenfalls ein oder zwei Car- boxylgruppen, Hydroxylgruppen und oder Carboxamidgruppen trägt.The new monoethylenically unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines obey the general formula II in which Z is the radical of an aldehyde sugar, the bond of which is via the monomeric carbon, ie an N-glycosidic bond, R 1 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl which is optionally interrupted by oxygen atoms and / or optionally bears one or two carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and or carboxamide groups.
Bevorzugt steht Z für Wasserstoff oder Ci-C4-Alkyl, insbesondere Methyl, oder Ci-C4-Hydroxyalkyl.
Bevorzugt ist Z ein Rest der allgemeinen FormelZ is preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, in particular methyl, or C 1 -C 4 -hydroxyalkyl. Z is preferably a radical of the general formula
in der n für die Zahl O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8 steht. in which n stands for the number O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
Die Umsetzung zum monoethylenisch ungesättigten Glykosylamin erfolgt im wässrigen Medium. Unter wässrigem Medium ist dabei Wasser sowie Mischungen von Wasser mit bis zu 50 Gew.-% bezogen auf die Mischung von mindestens einem organischen Lösungsmittel zu verstehen. Geeignete organische Lösungsmittel sind solche, die mit Wasser zumindest begrenzt, insbesondere vollständig mischbar bei 200C sind. Hierunter versteht man eine Mischbarkeit von wenigstens 50 Gew% Lösungsmittel in Wasser bei 200C. Geeignete organische Lösungsmittel sind Ci-C3-Alkanole, z.B. Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Isopropanol, Ketone wie Aceton, Methylethylketon, Mono-, Oligo- oder Polyalkylenglykole, die C2-C6-Alkyleneinheiten aufweisen, wie Ethylenglykol, 1 ,2- oder 1 ,3-Propylenglykol, 1 ,2- oder 1 ,4-Butylenglykol, Ci-C4-Alkylether von mehrwertigen Alkoholen, wie Ethylenglykolmonomethyl- oder -monoethylether, Diethy- lenglykolmonomethyl- oder -monoethylether, Diethylenglykolmonobutylether (Butyl- diglykol) oder Triethylenglykolmonomethyl- oder -monoethylether, Ci-C4-Alkylester von mehrwertigen Alkoholen, Glycerin, γ-Butyrolacton, Ethylencarbonat, Propylencarbonat, Dimethylsulfoxid oder Tetrahydrofuran. Bevorzugte organische Lösungsmittel sind Aceton, Methanol, Ethanol und Tetra hydrofu ran.The conversion to the monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamine takes place in an aqueous medium. By aqueous medium is meant water and mixtures of water with up to 50% by weight, based on the mixture of at least one organic solvent. Suitable organic solvents are those which are at least limited by water, in particular completely miscible at 20 ° C. This is understood to mean a miscibility of at least 50% by weight of solvent in water at 20 ° C. Suitable organic solvents are C 1 -C 3 -alkanols, for example methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, mono-, oligo- or polyalkylene glycols which contain C 2 -C 6 -alkylene units, such as ethylene glycol, 1, 2 or 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 2 or 1, 4-butylene glycol, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, Diethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl diglycol) or triethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl esters of polyhydric alcohols, glycerol, γ-butyrolactone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide or tetrahydrofuran. Preferred organic solvents are acetone, methanol, ethanol and tetrahydrofuran.
Die Konzentration Aldehydzucker beträgt in der Regel 10 bis 40 Gew.-% bezogen auf das wässrige Medium.The concentration of aldehyde sugar is generally from 10 to 40% by weight, based on the aqueous medium.
Erfindungsgemäß kann das molare Verhältnis von primären aliphatischen Amin zu Aldehydzucker in einem weiten Bereich variieren, bevorzugt im Verhältnis von 5 : 1 bis 0,5 : 1 , insbesondere 3 : 1 bis 0,8 : 1 , schwanken. Besonders bevorzugt ist ein molares Verhältnis von primären aliphatischen Amin zu Aldehydzucker von 2 : 1 bis 1 : 1.According to the invention, the molar ratio of primary aliphatic amine to aldehyde sugar can vary within a wide range, preferably in the ratio of 5: 1 to 0.5: 1, in particular 3: 1 to 0.8: 1, vary. Particularly preferred is a molar ratio of primary aliphatic amine to aldehyde sugar of 2: 1 to 1: 1.
Bei den Aldehydzuckern ist das molare Verhältnis nicht bezogen auf die Anzahl der Moleküle, sondern auf die Anzahl der reduzierenden Enden (Aldehydgruppen). Das bedeutet , dass 1 Mol Aldehydzucker die Menge Aldehydzucker ist, die 6,02217 * 1023 reduzierende Enden enthält.
Erfindungsgemäß kann das molare Verhältnis von Anhydrid zu primären aliphatischen Amin variieren im einem Bereich von 2 : 1 bis 0,8 : 1 , bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 1 ,2 : 1 bis 0,9 : 1 , besonders bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 1 ,1 : 1 bis 0,95 : 1.For the aldehyde sugars, the molar ratio is not related to the number of molecules but to the number of reducing ends (aldehyde groups). That is, 1 mole of aldehyde sugar is the amount of aldehyde sugar containing 6.02217 * 10 23 reducing ends. According to the invention, the molar ratio of anhydride to primary aliphatic amine can vary within a range of 2: 1 to 0.8: 1, preferably in a range of 1.2: 1 to 0.9: 1, more preferably in a range of 1 , 1: 1 to 0.95: 1.
Die Reaktion kann kontinuierlich, beispielsweise in einem Rohrreaktor oder in einer Rührreaktorkaskade, oder diskontinuierlich erfolgen.The reaction can be carried out continuously, for example in a tubular reactor or in a stirred reactor cascade, or discontinuously.
Die Umsetzung kann in allen für eine solche Umsetzung geeigneten Reaktoren durchgeführt werden. Solche Reaktoren sind dem Fachmann bekannt. Bevorzugt erfolgt die Umsetzung in einem Rührkesselreaktor.The reaction can be carried out in all reactors suitable for such a reaction. Such reactors are known to the person skilled in the art. The reaction preferably takes place in a stirred tank reactor.
Zur Durchmischung des Reaktionsansatzes können beliebige Verfahren eingesetzt werden. Spezielle Rührvorrichtungen sind nicht erforderlich. Das Reaktionsmedium ist einphasig und die Reaktanden werden darin gelöst, suspendiert oder emulgiert. Die Temperatur wird während der Reaktion auf den gewünschten Wert eingestellt und kann, falls gewünscht, während des Reaktionsverlaufs erhöht oder verringert werden.For the mixing of the reaction mixture, any method can be used. Special stirring devices are not required. The reaction medium is single-phase and the reactants are dissolved, suspended or emulsified therein. The temperature is adjusted to the desired value during the reaction and, if desired, can be increased or decreased during the course of the reaction.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Reaktionsführung kann der Reaktionsmischung über den ohnehin in der Regel im Anhydrid enthaltenen Lagerstabilisator hinaus zusätzlicher Stabilisator zugegeben werden, beispielsweise Hydrochinonmonomethylether, Phe- nothiazin, Phenole, wie z.B. 2-tert.-Butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert.-Butyl-2,4-dimethyl- phenol oder N-Oxyle, wie 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Oxo- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl oder Uvinul® 4040P der BASF SE oder Amine wie Kerobit® BPD der BASF SE (N,N'-di-sec.-butyl-p-phenylendiamin), beispielsweise in Mengen von 0,5 bis100 ppm bezogen auf den Gesamtansatz.In the reaction procedure according to the invention, additional stabilizer may be added to the reaction mixture via the storage stabilizer which is generally present in the anhydride, for example hydroquinone monomethyl ether, phenothiazine, phenols, such as, for example, 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert. Butyl-2,4-dimethyl-phenol or N-oxyls, such as 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine N-oxyl or Uvinul ® 4040P from BASF SE or amines such as BPD Kerobit ® BASF SE (N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine), for example in amounts of from 0.5 to 100 ppm based on the overall approach.
Vorteilhaft wird die Umsetzung in Gegenwart eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases, bevorzugt Luft oder Luft-Stickstoff-Gemische, durchgeführt.Advantageously, the reaction is carried out in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas, preferably air or air-nitrogen mixtures.
Bei der Umsetzung des primären aliphatischen Amins mit dem Aldehydzucker kann die Temperatur im Bereich von 00C bis 900C liegen, bevorzugt im Bereich von 15°C bis 400C. Die Reaktionsdauer liegt gewöhnlich im Bereich von etwa 1 bis 24 Stunden, bevorzugt im Bereich von 2 bis 6 Stunden.In the reaction of the primary aliphatic amine with the aldehyde sugars, the temperature in the range from 0 0 C to 90 0 C may be preferably in the range of 15 ° C to 40 0 C. The reaction time is usually in the range of about 1 to 24 hours, preferably in the range of 2 to 6 hours.
Bei der Umsetzung mit den Anhydriden kann die Temperatur im Bereich von -5°C bis 400C liegen, bevorzugt im Bereich von -1 °C bis 25°C. Die Reaktionsdauer liegt gewöhnlich im Bereich von etwa 5 bis 40 Stunden, bevorzugt im Bereich von 10 bis 20 Stunden.In the reaction with the anhydrides, the temperature may be in the range of -5 ° C to 40 0 C, preferably in the range of -1 ° C to 25 ° C. The reaction time is usually in the range of about 5 to 40 hours, preferably in the range of 10 to 20 hours.
Die gegebenenfalls bei der Amidbildung aus dem Anhydrid als weiteres Produkt anfallende Säure, beispielsweise Acrylsäure im Fall von Acrylsäureanhydrid oder Methac- rylsäure in Fall von Methacrylsäureanhydrid, kann in geeigneter Weise aus dem Reak-
tionsgleichgewicht kontinuierlich oder schrittweise, entfernt werden. Hierzu eignen sich vorzugsweise Molekularsiebe (Porengröße z. B. im Bereich von etwa 3- 10 Angström), oder eine Abtrennung durch Destillation oder mit Hilfe geeigneter semipermeabler Membranen. Es ist jedoch vorteilhaft sie nicht zu entfernen, sondern direkt als Como- nomer zur Polymerisation mit einzusetzen.The acid which may optionally be obtained as an additional product from the anhydride during amide formation, for example acrylic acid in the case of acrylic anhydride or methacrylic acid in the case of methacrylic anhydride, may be conveniently removed from the reaction mixture. tion equilibrium continuously or stepwise, be removed. Molecular sieves (pore size, for example, in the range of about 3-10 angstroms) or a separation by distillation or with the aid of suitable semipermeable membranes are suitable for this purpose. However, it is advantageous not to remove them but to use them directly as a comonomer for the polymerization.
Nach Beendigung der Reaktion kann man das gewünschte einfach ungesättigte N-acylierte Glykosylamin oder N-Allylglykosid erforderlichenfalls, vom organischen Lösungsmittel abtrennen, z. B. chromatographisch, aufreinigen, und dann zur Herstellung der gewünschter Polymere einsetzen. In der Regel ist es jedoch völlig ausreichend vor der weiteren Umsetzung das organische Verdünnungsmittel abzutrennen, beispielsweise durch Destillation.When the reaction is complete, the desired monounsaturated N-acylated glycosylamine or N-allyl glycoside may be separated from the organic solvent, if necessary, e.g. As chromatographic, purify, and then use for the preparation of the desired polymers. In general, however, it is completely sufficient before the further reaction to separate the organic diluent, for example by distillation.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich durch einen geringen Anteil an organi- sehen Lösungsmitteln aus. Auf diese Weise können aufwändige Isolierungsverfahren vor der weitern Umsetzung vermieden werden. Vielmehr ist es möglich, das erhaltene Reaktionsgemisch direkt zur weiteren Polymerisation einzusetzen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist als "Ein-Topf-Verfahren" eine gute Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute auf und ist kostengünstig durchführbar.The inventive method is characterized by a small proportion of organic see solvents. In this way, elaborate isolation methods can be avoided before further implementation. Rather, it is possible to use the resulting reaction mixture directly for further polymerization. The process according to the invention has a good space-time yield as a "one-pot process" and can be carried out inexpensively.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung betrifft Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polymeren, die N-acylierte Glykosylamingruppen einpolymerisiert enthalten, umfassend die Bereitstellung eines monoethylenisch ungesättigten N-acylierten Glykosylamins nach einem erfindungsgemäßenVerfahren, und die anschließende radikalische Polymerisa- tion gegebenenfalls nach Zusatz von Comonomeren.Another object of the invention relates to processes for the preparation of polymers which contain copolymerized N-acylated glycosylamine groups, comprising the provision of a monoethylenically unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamine by a process according to the invention, and the subsequent free-radical polymerization optionally after addition of comonomers.
Geeignete weitere Comonomere sind: andere erfindungsgemäß hergestellte ungesättigte N-acylierter Glykosylamine oder N-Allylglykoside oder polymerisierbare Nicht- Zucker-Monomere, wie (Meth)Acrylsäure, Maleinsäure, Itaconsäure, deren Alkali- oder Ammoniumsalze und deren Ester, O-Vinylester von C1-C25-Carbonsäuren, N-Vinyl- amide von C1-C25- Carbonsäuren, N-Vinylpyrroloidon, N-Vinylcaprolactam, N-Vinyl- oxazolidon, N- Vinylimidazol, (Meth)acrylamid, (Meth)acrylnitril, Ethylen, Propylen, Butylen, Butadien, Styrol. Beispiele für geeignete Ci-C25-Carbonsäuren sind gesättigte Säuren, wie Ameisen-, Essig-, Propion- und n- und i-Buttersäure, n- und i-Valerian- säure, Capronsäure, Oenanthsäure, Caprylsäure, Pelargonsäure, Caprinsäure, Unde- cansäure, Laurinsäure, Tridecansäure, Myristinsäure, Pentadecansäure, Palmitinsäu- re, Margarinsäure, Stearinsäure, Nonadecansäure, Arachinsäure, Behensäure, Ligno- cerinsäure, Cerotinsäure und Melissinsäure.Other suitable comonomers are: other unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamines or N-allyl glycosides or polymerizable non-sugar monomers prepared according to the invention, such as (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, their alkali metal or ammonium salts and their esters, O-vinyl esters of C1- C25-carboxylic acids, N-vinylamides of C1-C25-carboxylic acids, N-vinylpyrroloidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-oxazolidone, N-vinylimidazole, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, ethylene, propylene, butylene, Butadiene, styrene. Examples of suitable C 1 -C 25 -carboxylic acids are saturated acids, such as formic, acetic, propionic and n- and i-butyric acid, n- and i-valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecorated canic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid and melissic acid.
Die Herstellung solcher Polymere erfolgt beispielsweise in Analogie zu den inThe preparation of such polymers is carried out, for example, in analogy to those in
"Ullmann's Enzyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Sixth Edition, 2000, Electronic Release, Stichwort: Polymerisation Process" allgemein beschriebenen Verfahren. Vor-
zugsweise erfolgt die (Co)polymerisation als radikalische Polymersiation in Form der Lösungs-, Suspensions-, Fällungs- oder Emulsionspolymerisation oder durch Polymerisation in Substanz, d. h. ohne Lösemittel."Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Sixth Edition, 2000, Electronic Release, keyword: Polymerization Process" procedure generally described. In front- Preferably, the (co) polymerization takes place as a free-radical polymerization in the form of solution, suspension, precipitation or emulsion polymerization or by polymerization in bulk, ie without solvent.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand folgender Beispiele näher erläutert:The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples:
Beispiel 1example 1
N-Methyl-methacrylamido-stärkeN-methyl-methacrylamido-strength
1 ,52 kg einer wässrigen Lösung (Feststoffgehalt 18%) von enzymatisch teilhydrolysier- ter Stärke (254 g, mittlere Molmasse gemäß wässriger GPC 1000 Dalton, Hauptkomponente (30%) Maltopentaose) wurden bei 25 0C unter Rühren tropfenweise mit 42,0 g einer wässrigen Methylaminlösung (40%) versetzt. Nach zwei Stunden wird TEMPOL (4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxid, 1 ppm) zugegeben und die Lösung auf 00C gekühlt. Eine Lösung von Methacrylsäureanhydrid (88,7 g) in Aceton (900 g) wird langsam bei dieser Temperatur zugetropft, die Reaktionsmischung auf 25 0C erwärmt und weitere 12 Stunden gerührt. Die Konstitution des Produktes wurde mit 1H- und 13C- NMR Spektroskopie ermittelt. Es handelt sich um eine Mischung von N-Methyl-methacrylamido-stärke und Methacrylsäure im molaren Verhältnis 1 :1.1, 52 kg of an aqueous solution (solid content 18%) of enzymatically teilhydrolysier- ter starch (254 g, average molecular weight in accordance with aqueous GPC 1000 Daltons, the main component (30%) maltopentaose) were measured at 25 0 C under stirring dropwise with 42.0 g an aqueous methylamine solution (40%). After two hours, TEMPOL (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxide, 1 ppm) is added and the solution cooled to 0 ° C. A solution of methacrylic anhydride (88.7 g) in acetone (900 g) is slowly added dropwise at this temperature, the reaction mixture heated to 25 0 C and stirred for a further 12 hours. The constitution of the product was determined by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. It is a mixture of N-methyl-methacrylamido starch and methacrylic acid in a molar ratio of 1: 1.
Beispiel 2Example 2
N-Methyl-maleinsäuremonoamido-stärkeN-methyl-strength maleinsäuremonoamido
430 g einer wässrigen Lösung (Feststoffgehalt 18%) von enzymatisch teilhydrolysierter Stärke (77,4 g, mittlere Molmasse gemäß wässriger GPC 1000 Dalton, Hauptkomponente (30%) Maltopentaose) wurden bei 25 0C unter Rühren tropfenweise mit 10,0 g einer wässrigen Methylaminlösung (40%) versetzt. Nach vier Stunden wird eine Lösung von Maleinsäurechlorid (8,53 g) in Methanol (50 g) wird langsam zugetropft und die Reaktionsmischung bei 25 0C weitere 12 Stunden gerührt. Die Konstitution des Produktes wurde mit 1H- und 13C-NMR Spektroskopie ermittelt.430 g of an aqueous solution (solids content 18%) of enzymatically partially hydrolyzed starch (77.4 g, average molecular weight according to aqueous GPC 1000 Dalton, main component (30%) maltopentaose) were added dropwise at 25 0 C with 10.0 g of an aqueous Methylamine solution (40%). After four hours, a solution of maleic acid chloride (8.53 g) in methanol (50 g) is slowly added dropwise and the reaction mixture stirred at 25 0 C for a further 12 hours. The constitution of the product was determined by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy.
Beispiel 3Example 3
N-Allylamino-stärkeN-allylamino-strength
280 g einer wässrigen Lösung (Feststoffgehalt 18%) von enzymatisch teilhydrolysierter Stärke (50,6 g, mittlere Molmasse gemäß wässriger GPC 1000 Dalton, Hauptkomponente (30%) Maltopentaose) wurden bei 25 0C unter Rühren tropfenweise mit 5,40 g Allylamin versetzt und die Reaktionsmischung für 12 Stunden bei 25 0C gerührt. Die Konstitution des Produktes wurde mit 1H- und 13C-NMR Spektroskopie ermittelt.
280 g of an aqueous solution (solid content 18%) of enzymatically partially hydrolyzed starch (50.6 g, average molecular weight in accordance with aqueous GPC 1000 Daltons, the main component (30%) maltopentaose) were added dropwise at 25 0 C with stirring 5.40 g of allylamine and the reaction mixture stirred for 12 hours at 25 0 C. The constitution of the product was determined by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy.
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von monoethylenisch ungesättigten Glykosylaminen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man einen Aldehydzucker mit einem primären a- liphatischen Amin oder Ammoniak im wässrigen Medium umsetzt und ohne Zwischenisolierung mit einem Anhydrid einer einfach ungesättigten Carbonsäure umsetzt oder einen Aldehydzucker direkt mit Allylamin umsetzt.1. A process for the preparation of monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines, which comprises reacting an aldehyde sugar with a primary aliphatic amine or ammonia in an aqueous medium and reacting with an anhydride of a monounsaturated carboxylic acid without intermediate isolation or by reacting an aldehyde sugar directly with allylamine.
2. Verfahren zur Herstellung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aldehydzucker eine Aldo-Hexose ist.2. A process for the preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that the aldehyde sugar is an aldo-hexose.
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aldehydzucker ein Oligosaccharid ist.3. A process for the preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that the aldehyde sugar is an oligosaccharide.
4. Verfahren zur Herstellung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aldehydzucker durch Hydrolyse eines Polysaccharids erhalten wurde.4. A process for the preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the aldehyde sugar was obtained by hydrolysis of a polysaccharide.
5. Verfahren zur Herstellung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass der Aldehydzucker durch Hydrolyse von Cellulose oder Stärke erhalten wurde.5. A process for the preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the aldehyde sugar was obtained by hydrolysis of cellulose or starch.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aldehydzucker, eine Verbindung der Formel I ist,6. A process for the preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the aldehyde sugar, a compound of formula I,
in der n für die Zahl O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, in the n for the number O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, oder 8 steht.7, or 8 stands.
Verfahren zur Herstellung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anhydrid der einfach ungesättigten Carbonsäure ausgewählt ist unter Acrylsäureanhydrid, Anhydriden Ci-Cβ-Alkyl-substituierter Acrylsäuren, Itaconsäureanhydrid und Maleinsäureanhydrid, ist.Process for preparation according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the anhydride of the monounsaturated carboxylic acid is chosen from acrylic anhydride, anhydrides of C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-substituted acrylic acids, itaconic anhydride and maleic anhydride.
8. Monoethylenisch ungesättigte N-maleinylierte Glykosylamine erhältlich gemäß dem Verfahren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7. 8. Monoethylenically unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines obtainable by the process of claims 1 to 7.
9. Monoethylenisch ungesättigten N-maleinylierten Glykosylamine der allgemeinen Formel Il9. Monoethylenically unsaturated N-maleinylated glycosylamines of the general formula II
in der in the
Z für den Rest eines Aldehydzuckers steht, dessen Bindung über den anome- ren Kohlenstoff erfolgt,Z is the radical of an aldehyde sugar whose binding is via the anomeric carbon,
R1 für Wasserstoff oder Ci -Ce-Al kyl, das gegebenenfalls durch Sauerstoffato- me unterbrochen ist und/oder das gegebenenfalls ein oder zwei Carbo- xylgruppen, Hydroxylgruppen und oder Carboxamidgruppen trägt.R 1 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl which is optionally interrupted by oxygen atoms and / or which optionally bears one or two carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and / or carboxamide groups.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polymeren, die N-acylierten Glykosylamingruppen einpolymerisiert enthalten, umfassend die Bereitstellung eines monoethylenisch ungesättigten N-acylierten Glykosylamins nach einem Verfahren der Ansprüche10. A process for the preparation of polymers which contain copolymerized N-acylated Glykosylamingruppen comprising the provision of a monoethylenically unsaturated N-acylated glycosylamine according to a method of the claims
1 bis 7, und die anschließende radikalische Polymerisation gegebenenfalls nach Zusatz von Comonomeren. 1 to 7, and the subsequent radical polymerization, optionally after the addition of comonomers.
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| EP10715142A EP2419435A2 (en) | 2009-04-15 | 2010-03-30 | Method for producing monoethylenically unsaturated glycosylamines |
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| US8580538B2 (en) | 2010-07-29 | 2013-11-12 | Basf Se | Enzymatic production of an ethylenically unsaturated glycoside |
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| CZIFRAK K ET AL: "Synthesis of N-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl) monoamides of dicarboxylic acids as potential inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase", CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH, PERGAMON, GB, vol. 341, no. 8, 12 June 2006 (2006-06-12), pages 947 - 956, XP025010267, ISSN: 0008-6215, [retrieved on 20060612], DOI: 10.1016/J.CARRES.2006.03.002 * |
| See also references of WO2010118951A2 * |
| SHIN I ET AL: "Chemoselective ligation of maleimidosugars to peptides/protein for the preparation of neoglycopeptides/neoglycoprotein", TETRAHEDRON LETTERS, PERGAMON, GB, vol. 42, no. 7, 12 February 2001 (2001-02-12), pages 1325 - 1328, XP004316644, ISSN: 0040-4039, DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)02286-3 * |
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