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EP2487990B1 - Procédé de commande d'un chauffage à microondes d'un four et four à microondes - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'un chauffage à microondes d'un four et four à microondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2487990B1
EP2487990B1 EP11001122.8A EP11001122A EP2487990B1 EP 2487990 B1 EP2487990 B1 EP 2487990B1 EP 11001122 A EP11001122 A EP 11001122A EP 2487990 B1 EP2487990 B1 EP 2487990B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetron
operating temperature
magnetrons
power
failing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP11001122.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2487990A8 (fr
EP2487990A1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Topinox SARL
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Topinox SARL
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Priority to EP11001122.8A priority Critical patent/EP2487990B1/fr
Publication of EP2487990A1 publication Critical patent/EP2487990A1/fr
Publication of EP2487990A8 publication Critical patent/EP2487990A8/fr
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Publication of EP2487990B1 publication Critical patent/EP2487990B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/66—Circuits
    • H05B6/666—Safety circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2206/00—Aspects relating to heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields covered by group H05B6/00
    • H05B2206/04—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B2206/043—Methods or circuits intended to extend the life of the magnetron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2206/00—Aspects relating to heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields covered by group H05B6/00
    • H05B2206/04—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B2206/044—Microwave heating devices provided with two or more magnetrons or microwave sources of other kind

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a microwave heating of a furnace, which has at least one magnetron, and a microwave oven itself.
  • Microwave ovens are often also offered as combination ovens, including in industrial cooking appliances. Especially in industrial applications, it is important that the components have a high reliability. Such microwave ovens are for example in the WO 2010/100905 A1 and the GB 2 291 323 A shown.
  • the microwave ovens have a temperature sensor and a controller that can control the microwave heating depending on the measured temperatures. The failure or partial failure of the microwave heating due to failure of the single or one of several magnetrons leads to an undesirable failure of the furnace or to undesirable power reduction.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for controlling a microwave heating of a furnace, which ensures lower losses or partial failures of the microwave heating.
  • the invention makes use of the knowledge that magnetrons have a constant operating temperature over their normal service life, although a temperature drop can be recognized at the end of their service life. As a result of this temperature drop, an imminent complete failure of the magnetron can be predicted. This makes it possible to react in time to this vorzunch, for example by the magnetron is replaced before his complete failure. Since such a disassembly and installation of a magnetron must be performed by a service technician, the method according to the invention, for example, leaves enough time to order a service technician so that no downtime occurs.
  • the predefined signal is, for example, an optical and / or audible information signal to the user indicating the failure of the magnetron which has not yet occurred.
  • a plurality of magnetrons are present, each of which is temperature-monitored, in particular with its own temperature sensor.
  • the power distribution between the plurality of magnetrons can be changed via the control via the emitted signals.
  • the failing magnetron is controlled so that it generates a reduced power compared to its nominal power.
  • the required heating power is divided evenly with non-defective magnetrons on the magnetrons, resulting in the desired power for each magnetron. This target power is no longer required by the failing magnetron, it is "spared" so to speak, so that the failure of this magnetron is delayed in time.
  • the preferred embodiment provides that the magnetrons are controlled in such a way that the required total nominal power of the microwave heating is maintained by increasing the power output of the at least one non-emergent magnetron and at least reducing the magnetron which fails shortly.
  • the one or more intact magnetrons thus take over at least part of the heating power to be provided by the failing magnetron in order to protect it.
  • the load for the failing magnetron can also be reduced in step c) by temporarily switching off and restarting the failed magnetron from reaching the predetermined operating temperature or from reaching the predetermined operating temperature curve, that is to say that the failing magnetron has lower turn-on times than the others Has.
  • the corresponding pulse width modulation leads to shorter transit times of the failing magnetron.
  • one or more of the remaining, intact magnetrons continue to run or remain longer during the downtime of the failing magnetron.
  • the emergency operation for the microwave heating previously described in different variants does not have to be started immediately with detecting the imminent failure of a magnetron. It is also conceivable to start the emergency operation after a predetermined time or after reaching another parameter. For example, if enough operating hours are still foreseeable, emergency operation may begin after a predetermined period of time from detecting the impending failure, or when the temperature of the magnetron has dropped further.
  • the invention further relates to a microwave oven, in particular a cooking appliance, with at least one magnetron, a temperature sensor for the magnetron and a controller which is coupled to the temperature sensor of the magnetron, wherein in the control a predefined magnetron operating temperature and / or a predefined magnetron Operating temperature is stored, which indicates an imminent failure of the magnetron, and the control emits a predetermined for the failure of the magnetron signal after reaching the predetermined magnetron operating temperature or the magnetron operating temperature curve.
  • the microwave oven serves z. B. for steam generation.
  • the microwave oven according to the invention has a plurality of magnetrons, temperature sensors for the magnetrons, preferably for each magnetron its own temperature sensor, and a controller which is coupled to the temperature sensors and the magnetrons.
  • a predefined magnetron operating temperature and / or a predefined magnetron operating temperature curve is stored, the or an imminent failure a magnetron indicated.
  • the control controls the failing magnetron such that it emits a reduced power compared to its desired power.
  • the term "from reaching the predetermined operating temperature or the operating temperature curve" should also include that, as explained above, the emergency operation can also start with a time delay to detect a failed magnetron, if this is acceptable from the remaining maturity of the outgoing magnetron ago.
  • the controller is designed so that in emergency operation or the non-failing magnetrons are controlled to deliver an increased target power accordingly.
  • the power of the failing magnetron which is reduced compared with the nominal power, should be completely compensated.
  • the maximum overall heating power that can be set by the operator at the heating is smaller than the sum of the maximum individual heating powers of the magnetrons.
  • the lower loading of the precipitated magnetron is preferably achieved by being activated shorter in its remaining life than the rest.
  • FIG. 1 an oven is shown in the form of a cooking appliance 10, as used in professional kitchens.
  • the cooking appliance 10 has in the cooking chamber 12, a cage frame 14, in which juxtaposed and / or superimposed food 16 are prepared.
  • the cooking appliance itself can be designed as a hot air oven, combined steam / hot air oven or the like.
  • a microwave heater 18 integrated. This microwave heater 18 comprises, in addition to the controller 20, a plurality of magnetrons 22, 24, 26 coupled to the controller 20.
  • the controller 20 may be the central controller for the entire cooking appliance 10.
  • Each magnetron 22-26 has its own temperature sensor 28 positioned at a suitable location on the magnetron 22-26 to sense its operating temperature. All sensors 28 are also connected to the controller 20.
  • Magnetrons after being turned on and warmed, achieve a largely constant operating temperature T B , such as FIG. 2 symbolized by a horizontal line.
  • This operating temperature is constant over many hours of operation. However, as has been found, falls within a relatively constant period before failure of the magnetron whose operating temperature.
  • This drop in temperature T B is in accordance with the example FIG. 2 after about 4000 hours of operation of the magnetron and is largely constant in an initial period, of course, some normal fluctuations occur in FIG. 2 are indicated. It can also come to the end of the constant portion of the temperature drop to a swing.
  • certain operating temperature gradients may also occur, for example characterized by a decrease and a temporary increase in the operating temperature, which, however, also serves as a clear indication of an imminent failure of the magnetron.
  • a stored in the controller 20 predetermined operating temperature T s is provided which is slightly below T and B can be regarded as clear indication of the impending failure of a magnetron.
  • magnetron operating temperatures T s are stored or other predefined magnetron operating temperature curves that indicate impending failures of the magnetrons 22 to 26.
  • the magnetrons 22 to 26 were to have slightly different operating temperatures T B by default (eg due to their mounting position or arrangement relative to one another), then a learning phase could be preceded by the controller 20.
  • the operating temperature T B for each magnetron would be measured and stored as an individual operating temperature T B in a new device over an initial period of time.
  • the operating temperature T s would be calculated, for example, by a predetermined temperature difference to the temperature T B and stored individually for each magnetron 22 to 26.
  • this is only an optional variant.
  • an operating temperature T s is stored in the control, which is characteristic of an imminent failure for all magnetrons 22 to 26.
  • each magnetron 22 to 26 is monitored via the sensors 28. If, for example, the magnetron 22 becomes colder during operation, ie after its warm-up phase, and the temperature T s is detected, it is clear that this magnetron 22 is only running for a certain residual operating time and a failure is imminent.
  • the controller 20 changes either immediately from this time or in a predetermined time after detecting the time t s. , to which the temperature T s is determined, the power output of all the magnetrons 22 to 26. Via corresponding signals, which outputs the controller 20, the heating power of the magnetrons 22 to 26 is changed via the power supply.
  • the total nominal power of the microwave heating 18 should be maintained as far as possible. For this purpose, less power is required from the failed magnetron 22 than the previously requested desired power. The remaining magnetrons 24, 26 must compensate for this power reduction, which is why their power is increased accordingly. Preferably, this is done by uniformly splitting the additional power required on the non-failing magnetrons 24 and 26. For example, if the microwave heater 18 requires a power of 66% of the maximum total heating power of the microwave heater 18, this can be achieved without the magnetron 22nd to use. The magnetron 22 can be switched off permanently at such low heat outputs stay in order to avoid wasting his remaining time unnecessarily.
  • the magnetrons 24, 26 run permanently, whereas the failed magnetron 22 is switched on only temporarily, for example, over 50% of the actually required time.
  • the failure of the magnetron 22 is delayed without this having a gartechnische effect for the user.
  • a cooking time extension is also avoided.
  • the reduction of the heating power of the defective magnetron 22 does not necessarily have to be realized already at the time t s . It is also possible, depending on a further parameter, for example, a predetermined time after the time t s to begin this aforementioned emergency operation, if sufficient residual operating time for the magnetron 22 is guaranteed.
  • the controller 20 may also provide an optical and / or acoustic information signal, for example via a display 30 or an acoustic signal generator 32, which informs the user of the imminent failure of a magnetron, so that the service in good time can inform.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electric Ovens (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de commande d'un chauffage par microondes (18) d'un four, en particulier d'un appareil de cuisson (10), présentant au moins un magnétron (22), caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    a) surveillance de la température de service (TB) ou du profil de température dudit au moins un magnétron (22 à 26),
    b) détection d'une chute de température de la température de service (TB) à une température de service prédéterminée (TS), ou détection du fait que le profil de température correspond à un profil prédéterminé en baisse de la température de service, la température de service prédéterminée (TS) ou le profil de température de service indiquant une défaillance imminente du magnétron (22), et
    c) fournissement d'au moins un signal prédéfini pour la défaillance imminente du magnétron (22) au moyen d'un dispositif de commande (20).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'étape c), un signal d'information optique et/ou acoustique est produit pour l'utilisateur.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu plusieurs magnétrons et en ce que la température de service de chaque magnétron (22 à 26) est surveillée.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'étape c), la distribution de puissance entre les magnétrons (22 à 26) est modifiée du côté de la commande au moyen des signaux, de telle sorte que le magnétron (22) défaillant est piloté de manière correspondante pour produire une puissance réduite par rapport à sa puissance nominale.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'étape c), les magnétrons (22 à 26) sont pilotés de telle sorte que la puissance nominale totale du chauffage par microondes est maintenue en augmentant la puissance débitée du ou des magnétrons non défaillants (24, 26) et au moins en réduisant celle du magnétron défaillant (22).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que lors de la présence du plusieurs magnétrons non défaillants (24, 26), la différence de puissance résultant de la réduction de la puissance de chauffage du magnétron défaillant (22) est compensée par une augmentation uniforme de la puissance de chauffage des magnétrons (24, 26) restants.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la réduction de la puissance de chauffage et l'augmentation de la puissance de chauffage sont obtenues par modification des temps de mise en marche des magnétrons (22 à 26).
  8. Four à microondes, en particulier appareil de cuisson présentant un four à microondes intégré,
    comprenant au moins un magnétron (22 à 26), un capteur de température (28) pour le magnétron (22 à 26), et un appareil de commande (20) qui est couplé au capteur de température (28) du magnétron (22 à 26), une température de service prédéfinie (TS) de magnétron et/ou un profil prédéfini en baisse de température de service de magnétron indiquant une défaillance imminente du magnétron (22) étant mémorisé(e) dans l'appareil de commande (20) pour la détection d'une chute de température, et l'appareil de commande (20) fournissant un signal prédéfini pour la défaillance du magnétron (22) lorsque la température de service prédéterminée (TS) de magnétron ou le profil de température de service de magnétron est atteint(e).
  9. Four à microondes selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par plusieurs magnétrons (22 à 26) et un capteur de température propre (28) pour chaque magnétron (22 à 26), l'appareil de commande (20) pilotant, lorsque la température de service prédéterminée (TS) de magnétron ou le profil de température de service de magnétron est atteint(e), le magnétron défaillant (22) de telle sorte qu'il fournisse une puissance réduite par rapport à la puissance nominale.
  10. Four à microondes selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de commande (20) pilote, lorsque la température de service prédéterminée (TS) de magnétron ou le profil de température de service de magnétron est atteint(e), le ou les magnétrons non défaillants (24, 26) de telle sorte qu'ils fournissent une puissance élevée par rapport à la puissance nominale, en particulier en compensant la puissance réduite du magnétron défaillant (22).
  11. Four à microondes selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de commande (20) est réalisé de telle sorte qu'en fonctionnement, le magnétron défaillant (22) est en marche moins longtemps que les autres magnétrons (24, 26).
EP11001122.8A 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Procédé de commande d'un chauffage à microondes d'un four et four à microondes Active EP2487990B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11001122.8A EP2487990B1 (fr) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Procédé de commande d'un chauffage à microondes d'un four et four à microondes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11001122.8A EP2487990B1 (fr) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Procédé de commande d'un chauffage à microondes d'un four et four à microondes

Publications (3)

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EP2487990A1 EP2487990A1 (fr) 2012-08-15
EP2487990A8 EP2487990A8 (fr) 2012-10-03
EP2487990B1 true EP2487990B1 (fr) 2014-07-09

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4005344B1 (fr) * 2019-07-25 2024-06-26 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Contrôle d'un four microonde basé sur la température d'un générateur de micro-ondes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201213402D0 (en) * 2012-07-27 2012-09-12 E2V Tech Uk Ltd High frequency energy generator systems

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR0115473Y1 (ko) * 1994-07-06 1998-04-20 구자홍 전자레인지의 안전장치
EP2200401A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-23 Topinox Sarl Appareil de cuisson doté de deux magnétrons
JP5359378B2 (ja) * 2009-03-03 2013-12-04 パナソニック株式会社 高周波加熱装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4005344B1 (fr) * 2019-07-25 2024-06-26 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Contrôle d'un four microonde basé sur la température d'un générateur de micro-ondes

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EP2487990A8 (fr) 2012-10-03
EP2487990A1 (fr) 2012-08-15

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