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EP2321479B1 - Dispositif de distribution d'eaux usées à écoulement par gravité - Google Patents

Dispositif de distribution d'eaux usées à écoulement par gravité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2321479B1
EP2321479B1 EP09780283A EP09780283A EP2321479B1 EP 2321479 B1 EP2321479 B1 EP 2321479B1 EP 09780283 A EP09780283 A EP 09780283A EP 09780283 A EP09780283 A EP 09780283A EP 2321479 B1 EP2321479 B1 EP 2321479B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bucket
fluid
outlet pipes
buckets
reservoir
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09780283A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2321479A1 (fr
Inventor
Laurence William Gill
Niall David O'luanaigh
Titiksh Patel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin
Original Assignee
College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin filed Critical College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin
Publication of EP2321479A1 publication Critical patent/EP2321479A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2321479B1 publication Critical patent/EP2321479B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/006—Water distributors either inside a treatment tank or directing the water to several treatment tanks; Water treatment plants incorporating these distributors, with or without chemical or biological tanks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/04—Aerobic processes using trickle filters
    • C02F3/046—Soil filtration
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F2201/00—Details, devices or methods not otherwise provided for
    • E03F2201/30—Devices providing a sequential discharge in sewer systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to on-site treatment systems for wastewater effluent. More particularly, the invention relates to a device, as described in the preamble of claim 1, for providing even distribution of on-site wastewater effluent across a subsoil percolation area by gravity flow.
  • pressurised systems can be expensive both to install and to run, and also require regular maintenance.
  • a less expensive alternative for discharge of the effluent can be provided by a gravity flow system.
  • these systems consist of an ad-hoc arrangement of pipework through which the wastewater effluent percolates and receives further natural degradation before meeting the water table.
  • More formal gravity distribution devices include stilling chamber devices with or without adjustable weirs, or two-way splitter devices, with or without upstream baffles.
  • the standard means of evenly distributing the effluent from a gravity system is by dividing the effluent flow between a series of parallel pipes positioned at a depth in the subsoil, with each pipe having holes located along their length.
  • the even distribution of effluent between these parallel pipes can be difficult to achieve, due to the fact that normal gravity flow conditions are sporadic in nature, and the discharge tends to be at very low flow rates from the on-site treatment systems.
  • head loss should be minimised across a gravity distribution device, in order to maximise the depth of unsaturated soil available for final treatment of the effluent. In areas where the water table is high, this can place a tight constraint on moving the water from a dwelling, to the septic tank, and then into the trenches by means of the gravity distribution system.
  • the present invention comprises a fluid distribution device comprising a reservoir, a pair of buckets, and a plurality of outlet pipes for receiving the fluid discharged into the reservoir.
  • each bucket is pivotable under gravity between a first receiving position in which it can receive fluid and a second discharge position in which it can release fluid contained therein into the reservoir and the buckets arranged such that when one bucket is located in the first receiving position, the other bucket is located in the second discharge position.
  • the outlet pipes are divided into two groups of equal number located at opposite sides of the reservoir, with each group arranged to receive the fluid from one of the buckets when in the discharge position, wherein each outlet pipe in a group receives an equal portion of the discharged fluid from its associated bucket.
  • the distribution device can discharge half as often as those prior art devices which only use one bucket of the same volume. This results in a longer resting period between discharges, and thus an improved pollutant breakdown.
  • a plurality of directing means for channelling the fluid discharged from a bucket such that an equal portion of the discharged fluid is received by each outlet pipe in the group of outlet pipes associated with the bucket.
  • a gradient may be provided between the discharge position of a bucket and its associated group of outlet pipes, ensuring that fluid is directed away from the bucket in the discharge position and toward the outlet pipes.
  • CN-A- 1 986 985 discloses a fluid distribution device comprising a reservoir buckets pivotable under gravity between a first position where it can receive fluid and a second position where it can discharge fluid. It also reveals an outlet pipe for receiving the fluid discharged into the reservoir.
  • WO 2008/064420 A discloses an installation for the intermediate holding and storage of sewage and effluent comprising a sealable housing having an inlet for receiving effluent, an outlet for discharging effluent and a pivotally mounted holding reservoir.
  • FR-A-2 755 620 discloses an installation for percolation filtration of waste water.
  • FR-A-2 630 472 discloses a water flushing device with a pivotable bucket.
  • FR-A-2 615 751 discloses a tilting or pivoting septic tank.
  • US-A-3 843 976 discloses a basin for the collection of excreta which automatically pivots when sufficient waste water has collected sending the collected excreta to a sewer system
  • GB 27885 A discloses a means for raising sewage and other liquids by compressed air.
  • US-A-5 269 911 discloses a domestic sewage system consisting of a primary treatment vessel and a secondary vessel with a filtration unit in between.
  • the outlet pipes in each group may be located at an equal spacing from each other in the reservoir.
  • the pair of buckets are pivotable about a common axis.
  • This provides a simple mechanism for ensuring that when one bucket moves into the discharge position, the second bucket moves into a receiving position and vice versa.
  • a dosage adjustment means may also be provided.
  • the dosage adjustment means may be operable when the device is in situ.
  • the dosage adjustment means comprises a screw.
  • the dosage adjustment means allows for the height of the pivot to be adjusted.
  • the present invention also provides a wastewater system comprising a wastewater treatment source, a device as substantially described herein arranged to receive the fluid output from the wastewater treatment source and percolation means for distributing fluid from the outlet pipes across a percolation area.
  • the percolation means may comprise a plurality of percolation pipes, with each outlet pipe being connected to one of the percolation pipes.
  • the device 1 comprises a pair of containers or buckets 2 for receiving fluid in the form of wastewater effluent from an on-site treatment source, such as a septic tank.
  • the containers take the form of two v-shaped buckets. These buckets are pivotably attached to a common base 7 along their shared longitudinal axis R, in order to enable them to be pivoted between a first receiving position, in which they can receive wastewater, and a second discharge position, in which position they can release the wastewater contained therein for distribution to the subsoil.
  • the two buckets are located in a reservoir 8, and arranged so that one bucket can pivot under gravity towards one side of the device, while the other bucket can pivot under gravity towards the opposite side of the device as shown in Figure 2 .
  • a pivot rod 4 provides the pivotable attachment of the buckets 2 to the base 7.
  • the pivot rod 4 is mounted to the underside of the two buckets at their common axis R, with either end of the rod affixed to the adjacent sidewall 3 of the device 1 by a connecting means (not shown).
  • the connecting means are provided by stainless steel roller bearings, in order to minimise frictional losses.
  • a plurality of outlet pipes 6 of substantially identical diameter are arranged to receive the flow of wastewater discharged from the buckets into the reservoir 8 when the buckets are in their discharge position.
  • the outlet pipes 6 are divided into two groups of equal number and of equal spacing.
  • One group of outlet pipes are located in the side 9 of the device perpendicular to the sidewalls 3, to receive the wastewater discharged when one of the buckets pivots towards this side of the device, while the other group of outlet pipes 6 are located at the opposite side 10 of the device, to receive the wastewater discharged from the other bucket into the reservoir 8.
  • a ramp 11 is provided at least between the point adjacent where the lip 12 of each bucket 2 is located when in the discharge position and the ports of its associated group of outlet pipes 6. These ramps provide the necessary gradient in order to prevent any solid build up under the normal effluent discharge velocities after the buckets pivot. In the embodiment shown, the gradient is 1 to 20.
  • a plurality of directing means in the form of vertical weirs 5 are located on each of the ramps 11 in order to channel the flow of effluent being discharged from each bucket to be divided equally among the group of outlet pipes 6 located at the base of each ramp 11.
  • Each outlet pipe 6 is coupled to a percolation pipe (not shown) for distributing the wastewater effluent evenly across a percolation field. In the described embodiment, the percolation pipes are provided in a parallel arrangement.
  • a dosage adjustment means is also provided. This enables the volume or dose of wastewater discharged when a bucket is in the discharge position to be adjusted.
  • the adjustment means can be operated in situ as desired.
  • the dosage adjustment means is provided by a screw 13, which extends downwardly towards the top surface of a bucket and is positioned such that the tip 14 of the screw 13 makes contact with the surface adjacent to the lip 12 of the bucket when the other bucket is in the discharge position. By rotating the screw 13, the relative spacing between the screw 13 and the bucket may be adjusted.
  • this spacing determines the extent of pivotal movement that can occur when the other bucket moves into the discharge position, as once the bucket which is in the receiving position makes contact with the tip 14 of the screw 13, it prevents the other bucket from pivoting any further, and thus causes it to reach its discharge position limit, as is clear from Figure 4 .
  • This mechanism could also be designed so that the screw could alternatively be located at the top, side or bottom of the bucket. It will be appreciated that any other suitable form of dosage adjustment means could equally well be used.
  • the volume adjustment could be provided by a mechanism which adjusts the height of the pivot instead.
  • the device 1 is located so as to receive the outlet flow from the on-site treatment source.
  • This is typically provided by a connection pipe coupled between the on-site treatment source and the device.
  • the effluent flow from the on-site treatment source will then trickle from the connection pipe into that bucket 2 which is located in the first receiving position, so that the bucket 2 gradually fills up with a volume of wastewater.
  • the bucket 2 will continue to fill with wastewater until it becomes unstable, due to the volume of wastewater contained therein, at which point the instability causes the bucket 2 to pivot about the base 7 until it reaches the second discharge position. Once it reaches the discharge position, the wastewater contained in the bucket 2 will discharge into the reservoir 8 towards one side of the device 1 via its associated ramp 11.
  • the wastewater flows down the ramp 11 and is equally divided between the group of outlet pipes 6 located adjacent the base of the ramp 11, under the direction of the vertical weirs 5.
  • the equally divided portions of wastewater flow through each of the outlet pipes 6, and then into the percolation pipes to which each outlet pipe is connected, in order to obtain an even distribution of effluent loading across the percolation field.
  • the evenly distributed effluent then percolates through the soil, which provides a natural attenuation of the pollutants as the effluent moves through the unsaturated subsoil to the water table.
  • the volume of effluent discharged per bucket and the head loss across the device can be determined for different geometries of bucket, and the parameters optimised in order to minimise the head loss, while at the same time produce a significant resting time between wastewater doses. It should be noted that it is generally found that it is preferable to distribute higher doses of effluent onto the fixed film bacteria which break down the effluent, and to have a longer resting period, than having steady short pulses of low doses of effluent.
  • the gradient of the ramps can be designed to prevent any solid build up under the normal effluent discharge velocities once the buckets are in the discharge position.
  • each group of outlet pipes comprises two outlet pipes so as to form a four way split
  • the preferred dimensions to produce a 900ml volume dose per tip are: base length: 300mm, base breadth: 150mm, with a resulting 0.15m head loss across the device.
  • the preferred dimensions to produce a 900ml volume dose per tip are: base length: 450mm, base breadth: 150mm, with a resulting 0.15m head loss across the device.
  • the optimised distribution device of the present invention has been tested at different flow rates and at different inclination angles. This was achieved by collecting the volume of water, normalising it with respect to the total volume for a particular flow rate and calculating the standard deviation based on the percentage flow through each outlet.
  • Figure 5 shows graphs of the performance of a device having four outlets when it is installed level in the ground ( Figure 5a ), and at angles of inclination about both its longitudinal and transverse axes ( Figures 5b and 5c respectively). It can be seen from the graphs that the performance of the device is independent of flow rate. Furthermore, the device has a standard deviation of less than one when the distribution device is level in the ground, and it can be seen that its performance is only slightly affected when off level about either axis. This is in contrast to many conventional distribution devices.
  • the present invention provides a number of advantages over prior art arrangements.
  • the device operates by gravity flow (i.e. no pumping) and thus has no energy requirements.
  • the combination of the pivotable buckets and the vertical weirs enables small, sporadic gravity flows to be divided into a number of equal parts, and thus provide even distribution of effluent into a number of parallel pipes across a percolation area, with the resulting reduction in risk of both ground and surface water pollution.
  • the geometry of the bucket is designed so as to minimise the head loss (typically only 150 mm) but to produce a significant resting time between wastewater doses.
  • the design of the device therefore enables a periodic discharge to be provided (as opposed to a continuous low flow). This maximises the use of unsaturated subsoil for treatment of the percolating effluent, in order to provide the most preferable environment for pollutant breakdown. This has particularly advantageous effects in areas with high water tables or with shallow unsaturated subsoil depths. It has also been found to be beneficial for the biomat in the trenches, as it allows periods of rest, and thus aeration.
  • the gradient is also designed to prevent any solid build up under the normal effluent discharge velocities.
  • the present invention performs more robustly than many conventional distribution devices in that its performance is not as sensitive to flow rates, and neither does its performance deteriorate significantly when it is installed off-level in the ground.
  • the device also has been designed such that it is self-cleaning, in contrast to prior art gravity systems. Furthermore, as the incoming flow is split into two opposing directions, the on-site installation for the pipework needed to discharge to the parallel trenches is easier than prior art systems. In addition, the pivoting mechanism ensures that solids on the weirs do not affect low flow wastewater effluent velocities.
  • the robustness of the device is further enhanced by the means of adjusting the volume of wastewater discharged by the device. This means also has the added flexibility of enabling the adjustment to be performed in situ.
  • the distribution device of the present invention may be manufactured in various different sizes, depending on the required number of outlet pipes the effluent needs to be split into, while still retaining the same frequency and volume of discharge. This is in contrast to may prior art distribution devices, where more than one device is required if the effluent is to be split in more than four ways.
  • the device is manufactured by robust plastic, so as to keep the device relatively light. This has been found to aid installation and levelling on site.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Dispositif de distribution de fluide (1) comprenant :
    un réservoir (8) ;
    une paire de godets (2), chaque godet étant pivotable par gravité entre une première position de réception dans laquelle il peut recevoir le fluide et une seconde position d'évacuation dans laquelle il peut libérer le fluide qui y est contenu dans le réservoir ; les godets étant agencés de sorte que lorsqu'un godet est situé dans la première position d'évacuation, l'autre godet est situé dans la seconde position de réception ; caractérisé par :
    une pluralité de tuyaux d'écoulement (6) destinée à recevoir le fluide évacué dans le réservoir (8), les tuyaux d'écoulement (6) étant divisés en deux groupes de nombre égal situés à des côtés opposés du réservoir (8), chaque groupe étant agencé pour recevoir le fluide en provenance de l'un des godets (2) lorsque celui-ci est en position d'évacuation, dans lequel chaque tuyau d'écoulement (6) dans un groupe reçoit une part égale du fluide évacué en provenance de son godet associé.
  2. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre une pluralité de moyens de direction destinés à canaliser le fluide évacué en provenance d'un godet (2) de sorte qu'une part égale du fluide évacué est reçue par chaque tuyau d'écoulement (6) dans le groupe de tuyaux d'écoulement (6) associé au godet (2).
  3. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel une pente est prévue entre la position d'évacuation d'un godet (2) et son groupe associé de tuyaux d'écoulement (6).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les tuyaux d'écoulement (6) dans chaque groupe sont situés à un espacement égal l'un de l'autre dans le réservoir (8).
  5. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la paire de godets (2) est pivotable autour d'un axe commun.
  6. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif comprend en outre un moyen d'ajustement de dosage.
  7. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le moyen d'ajustement de dosage est utilisable lorsque le dispositif est in situ.
  8. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, dans lequel le moyen d'ajustement de dosage comprend une vis (13).
  9. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, dans lequel le moyen d'ajustement de dosage permet l'ajustement de la hauteur du pivot.
  10. Système d'évacuation des eaux usées comprenant :
    une source de traitement des eaux usées ;
    le dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes agencé pour recevoir la sortie de fluide en provenance de la source de traitement des eaux usées ; et
    un moyen de percolation destiné à distribuer le fluide depuis les tuyaux d'écoulement (6) sur une zone de percolation.
  11. Système selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le moyen de percolation comprend une pluralité de tuyaux de percolation (2), chaque tuyau d'écoulement (6) étant raccordé à l'un des tuyaux de percolation.
EP09780283A 2008-07-07 2009-07-07 Dispositif de distribution d'eaux usées à écoulement par gravité Not-in-force EP2321479B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE20080557A IES20080557A2 (en) 2008-07-07 2008-07-07 Gravity flow wastewater distribution device.
PCT/EP2009/058631 WO2010003964A1 (fr) 2008-07-07 2009-07-07 Dispositif de distribution d'eaux usées à écoulement par gravité

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2321479A1 EP2321479A1 (fr) 2011-05-18
EP2321479B1 true EP2321479B1 (fr) 2012-11-14

Family

ID=40908375

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09780283A Not-in-force EP2321479B1 (fr) 2008-07-07 2009-07-07 Dispositif de distribution d'eaux usées à écoulement par gravité

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2321479B1 (fr)
IE (1) IES20080557A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010003964A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IES86179B2 (en) * 2011-08-19 2013-04-24 Christ Spoorenberg An effluent flow splitter
US9022066B2 (en) * 2012-12-09 2015-05-05 Christ Spoorenberg Effluent flow splitter

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190927885A (en) * 1909-11-30 1910-04-14 Arthur Graham Leigh Improvements in Apparatus for Automatically Raising Liquids by Direct Air Pressure.
DE2347140A1 (de) * 1973-03-03 1974-09-12 Nepon K K Nepon Company Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einsparen von fuer toiletten verwendetem wasser
CH673861A5 (fr) * 1987-05-25 1990-04-12 Werner Nill
FR2630472B1 (fr) * 1988-04-20 1992-10-23 Scientif Tech Batiment Centre Dispositif de chasse et de repartition de liquide
US5269911A (en) * 1992-04-24 1993-12-14 William A. Stegall, Sr. Waste treatment system
FR2755620B1 (fr) * 1996-11-14 1998-12-24 Jean Voisin Sa Installation pour un massif d'epuration des eaux usees par filtration-percolation sur sable
CN1986985A (zh) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-27 陈赫 翻斗——虹吸式自动节水水箱
WO2008064420A1 (fr) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Ducane Research And Development Pty Ltd Dispositif de conservation d'eau sanitaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IES20080557A2 (en) 2009-06-10
EP2321479A1 (fr) 2011-05-18
WO2010003964A1 (fr) 2010-01-14

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