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EP2314938A2 - Echangeur thermique à sorption et son procédé - Google Patents

Echangeur thermique à sorption et son procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2314938A2
EP2314938A2 EP10188008A EP10188008A EP2314938A2 EP 2314938 A2 EP2314938 A2 EP 2314938A2 EP 10188008 A EP10188008 A EP 10188008A EP 10188008 A EP10188008 A EP 10188008A EP 2314938 A2 EP2314938 A2 EP 2314938A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sorption
heat exchanger
heat
desorption
cooling side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10188008A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2314938A3 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Danne
Thomas Weil
Marcus Preissner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2314938A2 publication Critical patent/EP2314938A2/fr
Publication of EP2314938A3 publication Critical patent/EP2314938A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0014Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using absorption or desorption
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/1458Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification using regenerators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for desorption in a sorption heat exchanger, in particular a sorption heat exchanger with a sorption side and a cooling side, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a sorption method for (at least) quasi-continuous conditioning of fluids, in particular humid air, according to the preamble of patent claim 5.
  • the invention also relates to a device for desorption in a sorption heat exchanger, in particular in a sorption heat exchanger with a sorption side and a cooling side, according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the invention relates to a sorption device for (at least) quasi-continuous conditioning of fluids, in particular humid air, according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • Sorption heat exchangers and methods for their operation are generally known in the art.
  • a sorption heat exchanger having a plurality of heat exchange channels in thermal contact with respective sorption channels
  • the sorption channels comprise a sorbent material secured to their interior surfaces, the heat exchange channels being arranged to receive a cooling fluid and the sorption channels therefor are provided to receive a fluid from which at least one component is to be extracted, and wherein the sorbent material is suitable for the sorption of at least one component of the fluid, wherein on the cooling side moistening components for humidification or supersaturation of the fluid are present during the sorption phase flows through the heat exchanger and dissipates the heat generated during sorption.
  • a sorption heat exchanger In the known solution, among other aspects, some variants for the desorption of a sorption heat exchanger are described.
  • a Adsorbed substance such as water vapor expelled with heat from an adsorbent.
  • the heat is supplied by means of heated fluids or saturated or unsaturated fluid mixtures, such as air or water vapor.
  • Such a sorption heat exchanger is used, for example, for the direct conditioning of air, i. Cooling and dehumidifying air, used.
  • two sorption heat exchanger units are required: While a sorption heat exchanger unit is used for the actual air conditioning, the so-called adsorption, the second sorption heat exchanger unit is regenerated, i. the water is expelled from the sorbent.
  • the cooling power required for the conditioning process is provided by indirect evaporative cooling on the so-called cooling side of the sorption heat exchanger.
  • the process of adsorption is limited in time, since the sorbent contained in the sorption heat exchanger can only absorb a limited amount of water. Therefore, a cyclic change between adsorption and desorption is required.
  • the use of two sorption heat exchanger units enables quasi-continuous operation.
  • a flow through the cooling side with warm gaseous fluid is not required in the two desorption variants described above. However, there is basically the Possibility of flow through the cooling side.
  • residual water from the cooling phase of the adsorption process is unintentionally evaporated, as a result of which heat energy is unnecessarily removed from the desorption process, thereby reducing the efficiency of the overall process.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device and a method for desorption in a sorption heat exchanger, which avoids or reduces the disadvantage of unwanted evaporation and the associated heat loss in the desorption.
  • the further object is to reduce or avoid the high heat discharge via the Desorptionsgasstrom on the heat input from the cooling side.
  • the heat transfer coefficient between drive heat medium e.g. Improved water from a solar thermal system and the sorbent, so that a smaller size feasible or alternatively the operation at a lower drive temperature is possible, resulting in a higher overall efficiency.
  • a combination of smaller size and low Antriebstempearatur is also feasible.
  • Lower drive temperatures also have a positive effect on overall efficiency.
  • water is exemplified in the present invention, the invention is applicable to other sorbates or absorbed substances. For the purposes of the invention, therefore, water is to be understood as a special sorbate or more specifically absorbed substance, without limiting the idea of the invention as a result.
  • the inventive method for desorption in a sorption heat exchanger in particular a sorption heat exchanger with a sorption and a cooling side, wherein for desorption heat energy is supplied via a heat transfer medium, characterized in that the heat energy by means of a formed as an aerosol heat carrier is supplied.
  • the spraying of liquid is possible - in the heat exchanger, the aerosol then forms in the still air.
  • the required heat energy is not transported by means of a fluid, such as warm air or supersaturated steam, but by means of an aerosol from the cooling side into the sorption heat exchanger.
  • a thermodynamic improvement of the process is realized.
  • this improves the efficiency significantly, and / or the overall system can be made more compact.
  • the droplets of the aerosol partly hit the wall in the heat exchanger and run off as a liquid film.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides that the aerosol is supplied to the heat exchanger from the outside.
  • another embodiment of the present invention provides that the aerosol is formed in the heat exchanger, in particular by introducing liquid into the still air in the heat exchanger.
  • the heat transfer medium is supplied from the cooling side of the sorption heat exchanger and / or provided.
  • the sorption process according to the invention for at least quasi-continuous conditioning of fluids, in particular of air, such as moist air, comprising an adsorption or absorption process and a desorption process, which are carried out quasi-continuously, is characterized in that the desorption process is carried out according to a process according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention for desorption in a sorption heat exchanger in particular in a sorption heat exchanger with a sorption side and a cooling side, wherein a sorption is provided on the sorption side, which is coupled to a heat energy source to supply the sorption thermal energy source of heat energy source via a heat carrier is characterized in that the heat energy is to be supplied via the cooling side of the sorption heat exchanger.
  • the cooling unit of the cooling side is designed as an aerosol-suitable, in particular aerosol-forming, cooling unit in order to provide the heat energy by means of a heat transfer medium formed as an aerosol from the cooling side of the sorption heat exchanger of the sorption unit. Provision is made in one embodiment via a feed unit, in which the aerosol is supplied. In other embodiments, the provision is made by means of a generating unit, in which the aerosol is formed in the heat exchanger, for example by the supply of liquid.
  • the cooling unit has a wetting unit in order to supply fluid wetting the cooling side.
  • corresponding nozzles or the like are provided.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the cooling unit has a wall contacting the supplied fluid, which is attractive, in particular hydrophilic, to the fluid, in order to completely wet the area available for disposal, and thus an improved heat transfer of fluid and wall to realize.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention provides that the cooling unit comprises a fluid line system comprising closing means for opening and closing a fluid supply and removal.
  • the cooling unit has a pressure equalization bypass, in order to realize an internal pressure control, so that, for example, in the heat exchanger no excess or negative pressures.
  • the pressure compensation bypass is lockable.
  • a small open pressure equalization channel is present.
  • the fluid supply system comprises nozzles which are designed for both hot water and cold water supply. As a result, synergy effects are realized.
  • the sorption device according to the invention for (at least) quasi-continuous conditioning of fluids, in particular humid air, comprising an adsorption or absorption device and a desorption device, which operate quasi-continuously, is characterized in that the desorption device is designed according to a device according to the invention.
  • the amount of heat required for desorption is not transported via the sorption directly to the sorbent, but fed through the cooling side.
  • the medium used for heating is an aerosol, which couples power immediately after supply to the entire heat exchanger surface, and can be switched immediately after switching off the supply of heat exchangers to the absorption mode.
  • the advantage over complete flow through the cooling side is as follows: Cyclic operation would require high momentary volumetric flows to flood the heat exchanger at the beginning of the desorption phase, that is to completely fill with hot liquid, and at the end of the desorption phase the fluid from the heat exchanger dissipate. To this end, disproportionately large pumps and line cross sections would be required, or there would be a time delay when switching between desorption and desorption as well as absorption and absorption, which would reduce the time-averaged performance of the device. Furthermore, the hydraulic and thus electrical effort for pumping the water to produce an aerosol reduced in comparison to significantly higher flow rates to complete filling of the heat exchanger.
  • the optional hydrophilic coating on the cooling side of the sorption heat exchanger further improves the heat transfer from the water to the dividing wall.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows an illustration of the inventive method for desorption in a sorption heat exchanger 1, in particular a sorption heat exchanger 1 with a sorption side 1a and a cooling side 1b, wherein for desorption heat energy is supplied via a heat transfer medium.
  • the heat energy is supplied by means of a heat carrier designed as an aerosol.
  • the amount of heat required for desorption is not transported directly to the sorbent via the sorption side 1a, but via the cooling side 1b. In this way, a separation of the carrier medium, on the sorbent side 1a, which carries the desorbed water away, present air, and medium on the cooling side 1b, through which the heat is supplied, in the present case hot water realized.
  • the hot water is pumped by means of a pump 2 from a hot water tank 3 to 4 nozzles and sprayed on the cooling side 1b.
  • the trickled water now heats the sorption heat exchanger 1 from the cooling side 1b.
  • the sorbent is heated indirectly.
  • the heat transfer from the water to the partition wall 5 is further improved.
  • the water flows down through the sorption heat exchanger 1, emits heat and thus cools down.
  • the heating by the drive heat takes place in the hot water tank sump or in a liquid / liquid heat exchanger in the water circuit. 6
  • an airway 7 by means of flaps 8 and 9 is closed.
  • a flap 8 or 9 is opened to a small extent or a pressure compensation bypass (not shown here).
  • the small volume of hot and humid air continues to flow until a partial pressure equilibrium is established, ie the air in the sorption heat exchanger 1 is almost saturated.
  • untreated outside air AU or other air with the lowest possible humidity, is guided through the sorption side 1a. This air serves as a carrier gas for the emerging from the sorbent water vapor. After the air has flowed through the sorption side 1a and is both moist and warm, it is discharged as exhaust air FO.
  • the medium used for heating is an aerosol or water is sprayed and an aerosol is formed.
  • the aerosol transfers the heat either directly to the wall or indirectly via the air contained in the sorption heat exchanger.
  • the liquid water, which leaves the sorption heat exchanger 1 and is still at a high temperature level, is returned to the hot water tank 3. This heat recovery significantly reduces the losses during the desorption phase.
  • the heated air which acts both as a heat carrier and as a substance carrier, discharged after a single pass through the sorption heat exchanger, since the air after a passage contains a higher proportion of water vapor and thus further use is not useful.
  • a heat recovery from the air can be realized, but which requires equipment and pressure losses.
  • the nozzles 4 used in the cooling phase can also be used for the distribution of the warm water. In advantageous embodiments, two different nozzle sticks due formed different flow rates. Also, the hydrophilic layer (not shown here) on the cooling side 1b, which improves the effect of evaporative cooling during adsorption, has a positive effect on the desorption process, since the wetting with water and thereby the heat transfer is improved.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a circuit diagram for a sorption, in which the method of Fig.1 implemented.
  • a sorption device for (at least) quasi-continuous conditioning of fluids, in particular of air comprising an adsorption or absorption device and a desorption device, which operate quasi-continuously.
  • the desorption device comprises a device 10 for desorption in a sorption heat exchanger 1, in particular in a sorption heat exchanger 1 with a sorption side 1a and a cooling side 1b, wherein a sorption unit is provided on the sorption side 1a, which is coupled to a heat energy source, heat energy of the heat energy source of the sorption unit to be supplied via a heat transfer medium.
  • the heat energy source is formed as a cooling unit of the cooling side 1 b to supply the heat energy from the cooling side 1 b of the sorption heat exchanger 1.
  • the basic interconnection of the air remains unchanged from the known solutions of the prior art with the exception of the water / air heat exchanger, which in this case in Fig. 2 is missing. Instead, there are two water reservoirs 11a and 11b which are connected to two water collecting containers 12a and 12b. In order to separate and distribute hot and cold water according valves 13 are used.
  • the cold water flow in the absorption phase can be reduced so far that no or a small excess amount leaves the heat exchanger.
  • the cold water tank 11a and two associated valves can be omitted.
  • valves 13 the distribution of the water is controlled by valves 13, so that the nozzles 4 can be supplied by both Sorptions Officerleyerritten 14a and 14b with cold and hot water.
  • the total of eight valves 13 for water distribution are shown in their basic function.
  • the valves 14 are designed as 3/2-way valves or as combined valves.
  • heat is available for heating the outside air AU on the sorption side 1a, for example by means of air collectors or low-temperature waste heat, this can be additionally heated.
  • Fig. 2 the respective air flows are marked.
  • AU indicates the supplied outside air.
  • ZU refers to the conditioned fresh air, which is referred to as exhaust air.
  • AB refers to the used fresh air, which is called exhaust air.
  • FO refers to the exhaust air that is released to the environment.
  • the arrows F indicate in each case a fluid flow.
  • the arrows W indicate a heat flow direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
EP10188008.6A 2009-10-21 2010-10-19 Echangeur thermique à sorption et son procédé Withdrawn EP2314938A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009050050A DE102009050050A1 (de) 2009-10-21 2009-10-21 Sorptionswärmetauscher und Verfahren hierfür

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2314938A2 true EP2314938A2 (fr) 2011-04-27
EP2314938A3 EP2314938A3 (fr) 2016-12-28

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EP10188008.6A Withdrawn EP2314938A3 (fr) 2009-10-21 2010-10-19 Echangeur thermique à sorption et son procédé

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EP (1) EP2314938A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009050050A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115540383A (zh) * 2022-09-22 2022-12-30 哈尔滨商业大学 一种旋转切换型吸附式制冷/热泵空气调节系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102565093B1 (ko) 2017-06-02 2023-08-10 바스프 에스이 공기 컨디셔닝 방법 및 장치

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1508015B1 (fr) 2002-05-10 2007-01-10 Motta, Mario Gualtiero Francesco Echangeur de chaleur a sorption et procede de sorption par refroidissement correspondant

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT380092B (de) * 1983-09-29 1986-04-10 Simmering Graz Pauker Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung von waerme aus wasserdampfhaeltigen gasen durch absorption oder adsorption
US6216483B1 (en) * 1997-12-04 2001-04-17 Fedders Corporation Liquid desiccant air conditioner
US6134903A (en) * 1997-12-04 2000-10-24 Fedders Corporation Portable liquid desiccant dehumidifier
US20030221438A1 (en) * 2002-02-19 2003-12-04 Rane Milind V. Energy efficient sorption processes and systems

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1508015B1 (fr) 2002-05-10 2007-01-10 Motta, Mario Gualtiero Francesco Echangeur de chaleur a sorption et procede de sorption par refroidissement correspondant

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115540383A (zh) * 2022-09-22 2022-12-30 哈尔滨商业大学 一种旋转切换型吸附式制冷/热泵空气调节系统
CN115540383B (zh) * 2022-09-22 2023-06-23 哈尔滨商业大学 一种旋转切换型吸附式制冷/热泵空气调节系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2314938A3 (fr) 2016-12-28
DE102009050050A1 (de) 2011-04-28

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