EP2393984A1

EP2393984A1 - Autocompressing asphalt mixture, in particular mastic asphalt mixture, for pavement coating layers, asphalt intermediate layers, asphalt binder layers, and/or asphalt compression layers

Info

Publication number: EP2393984A1
Application number: EP10702839A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Bernd Jannicke
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-02-03
Filing date: 2010-02-03
Publication date: 2011-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-03
Also published as: EP2393984B1; WO2010089097A1; DE102009007301A1; US20120195684A1; US8394188B2; DE102009007301B4

Abstract

The invention relates to an autocompressing asphalt mixture, in particular a mastic asphalt mixture, in particular for pavement coating layers, asphalt intermediate layers, asphalt binder layers, and/or asphalt compression layers, preferably of the class 0/8 or 0/5, made of chippings, sand, filler, and binding agents, as well as optionally additives, the total mass of all components being 100% by mass. Said particular mastic asphalt mixture is characterized in that the chippings content having aggregate size > 1 mm is between 60% by mass and 80% by mass, that the sand content of natural and crushed sand having a grain size > 0.063 mm and = 2 mm is between 2% by mass and 15% by mass, that the filler content having an aggregate size = 0.063 is between 12% by mass and 25% by mass, and that the binding agent content is between 6.0% by mass and 8.5% by mass.

Description

Self-compacting asphalt mix, in particular mastic asphalt mix, for

Road surface layers, intermediate asphalt layers, asphalt binder layers and / or asphalt sealing layers

The invention relates to a self-compacting asphalt mix, in particular the Gussasphaltprinzip, especially a Gussasphaltmischgut, for roadway, asphalt pavement, asphalt binder layers and / or Asphaltdichtungsschichten in road construction with the features of the preamble of claim 1. The invention is also a road surface, asphalt pavement, Asphaltbinder- layer The invention furthermore relates to a method for producing a roadway covering layer from an asphalt mixture according to the invention having the features of the preamble of claim 9. Finally, the invention relates to a method for transporting self-compacting asphalt mixture Site of use according to the preamble of claim 15.

General information for the production of road surface layers, asphalt interlayers, asphalt binder courses and / or asphalt sealing layers from bituminous mixtures can be found in the "Technical delivery conditions for asphalt mixtures for the construction of traffic surface pavements" (TL Asphalt-StB 07, version 2008). Classifications for grain sizes from rock to rock flour (filler) result from the work "Technical delivery conditions for aggregates in road construction" (TL Gestein-StB 04, version 2007). This also includes the designation for the different rock classes.

Road surface layers, intermediate layers, binder layers and / or asphalt sealing layers are distinguished according to two installation methods, rolled asphalt and mastic asphalt.

Rolled asphalt is named after the fact that it has to be compacted after installation and precompression mainly by the use of heavy rollers, with or without vibration. Mastic asphalt can, on the other hand, be poured out, distributed and installed in a final position by means of a built-in device (mastic asphalt paver or paver), ie it does not have to be compacted. Due to its installation characteristics, mastic asphalt is already designed so that compaction through the use of heavy rollers is not required. In the case of rolled asphalt, the mix already contains the aggregates (grit and sand) for the formation of a textured, splinter-rich and thus non-slip road surface of the road surface course. Rolled asphalt, however, must be compacted to the required degree of compaction by the use of heavy rollers. The poor compaction of rolled asphalt after its installation is a major cause of road surface damage. It happens again and again that due to unfavorable installation conditions installation errors, eg. B. Minderverdichtungen occur.

The built-in defects of rolled asphalt speak in favor of mastic asphalt for the production of road surface layers, intermediate layers, binder layers and / or sealing layers, in particular in road construction. Road surface layers, intermediate layers, binder layers and / or sealing layers are all types of cover, intermediate, binder and sealing layers in road and road construction, even where the respective layers are not used in the narrower sense. It is also about all types of other surfaces, including bridges and tunnels.

Mastic asphalt is a mixture of grit, sand, filler and binder. The filler is made of small-grained stone powder <0.063 mm (TL Gestein-StB 04, version 2007), the binder is usually bitumen. This mixture is composed so that it can be poured and brushed during installation and so also applies as mastic asphalt screed application. After installation and smoothing of the poured asphalt layer, no further compaction is required.

In road construction, depending on the surface properties, mixtures, in particular mineral mixtures, generally aggregate mixtures of class 0/8 (with a maximum particle size of 8 mm) or 0/5 (with a particle size of 5 mm) or even 0/3 ( with a maximum grain size of 3 mm). These mixtures apply in particular to noise-optimized road surface layers. The grain size is important for the surface properties, the grip and the rolling properties and noise of the road surface. It plays a subordinate role for the stability, because this is primarily determined by the mortar, in particular consisting of sand, filler and binder.

Due to its good installation and flow properties, a road surface layer of mastic asphalt mix would have a closed, smooth surface without further processing. This would not be suitable for driving. As a road surface this must therefore be provided with grit. To increase the roughness of the surface and the Grip takes place in the usual mastic asphalt so regularly a scattering with grit or sand, which must be incorporated into the surface.

The application of chippings in rolled mastic asphalt involves the steps of heating, wrapping with bitumen, on-site transport and storage, spreading a defined amount (12-15 kg / m 2), kneading with a rubber tyred roller, temper rolling with a smooth shroud, sweeping, picking and Transport away the excess spill. This procedure also results in risks for grip, noise and ride comfort. If the mastic asphalt mix has too much mortar on the surface, then the chippings sink. With too little mortar on the surface of the subsequently applied Abstreusplitt not liable. Optionally, too rough surfaces result due to different installation thicknesses and too low installation temperatures or even by unfavorable use of rollers.

However, mastic asphalt is the most economical and long-lasting pavement of asphalt for heavily used traffic areas. The tightness of mastic asphalt protects the binder, ie the bitumen, from oxidation and subsequent embrittlement and prevents water from penetrating the road structure.

More recently, mastic asphalt mixtures have also been processed in a modified process into road surface layers. This improved mastic asphalt is processed with 10 to 13 kg / m² of grit (coarse aggregate) with special properties in terms of grain size and grain shape. This wastes but is not rolled. However, the installation of this type of mastic asphalt mix is very difficult because all installation parameters, ie installation temperature, no precipitation on the day before installation, correct temperature of the hot spalling must be complied with.

The standard specification "Technical delivery conditions for asphalt mix for the construction of traffic surface pavements" (TL Asphalt-StB 07) mentions and approves the following as the usual formula for molten cast asphalt (M.% is the percentage of the mass of the constituent in the total mass of the sample or mixture, this definition being for the subject matter of claim 1 of this invention, but for the needs of the definition of the total mass of the mixture in the sense of the cited state of the art according to TL Asphalt-StB 07 as well as the mixture of the below given embodiment this invention is understood to mean only the binder content): Split content (coarse aggregate> 2 mm) between 35 and 55% by mass, sand content (natural and / or crushed sand, grain size> 0,063 mm, ≤ 2 mm) between 25% by mass and 45% %

Filler content (fine aggregate <0.063 mm) between 20 and 32% by mass, so that the aggregate mixture has a total mass of 100% by mass, and

Binder content between 6.8% by mass and 8.5% by mass.

For the purposes of the present invention, "chippings" are understood to mean a coarse aggregate of as a rule> 2 mm, and by sand a fine aggregate of aggregate in a range of> 0.063 mm and <2 mm. In this case, chippings can also be present in mixtures with an aggregate in the range of> 1 mm and <2 mm. Such inventively usable mixtures can therefore z. B. have an aggregate in the range> 1 mm and ≤ 3 mm. The grit and / or sand in the context of the present invention may be formed not only of rock, but also of substitutes such. B. rubber granulate, for example, from processed car tires. Nonetheless, in the present invention, the granulation ranges are consistently referred to as aggregates, even though they include substitutes such as rubber granules with corresponding grain sizes.

In many cases, a small proportion of natural asphalt is added. In addition, additives and / or additives are used to varying degrees, partly to change the viscosity of the bitumen so that processing can be carried out at slightly lower installation temperatures.

While rolled asphalt can be transported to the job site with normal trucks, the transport of hot cast asphalt to the site requires the use of special cast-aseptic agitator boilers. These are specially equipped lorries in whose transport container the mastic asphalt mixture is constantly stirred and kept at its optimum temperature, in particular slightly higher than the installation temperature. Thus, the transport of mastic asphalt mix is more expensive than that of rolled asphalt mix.

The invention is now based on the problem of specifying a self-compacting asphalt mix for road surface layers, asphalt interlayers, Asphaltbinderschichten and / or asphalt sealant layers, which works without the costly scattering with grit in a second operation during installation and still good Properties with regard to evenness, noise reduction and grip. A corresponding road surface layer, asphalt interlayer, asphalt binder layer and / or asphalt sealing layer is likewise an object of the invention. The process for producing such a road surface layer, asphalt interlayer, asphalt binder layer and / or asphalt sealing layer should also be improved. Finally, the transport of such an asphalt mixture for road surface layers, intermediate asphalt layers, asphalt binder layers and / or asphalt sealing layers should also be optimized compared to the prior art.

The above-indicated problem is solved in a self-compacting asphalt mix, in particular a mastic asphalt mix, with the features of the preamble of claim 1 by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. The asphalt mixture according to the invention thus has the following composition:

- Slag content with an aggregate> 1 mm, preferably> 2 mm, between 60 and 80% .-% by mass, preferably between 65 and 75 .-% M .-%, sand content of natural and / or crushed sand with a grain size in a range of> 0.063 mm and <2 mm, preferably ≤1 mm, between 2 and 15% by mass .-%, preferably between 6 and 12% by mass .-%, filler content with an aggregate ≤ 0.063 mm between 12 and 25% by mass, preferably between 15 and 20% by mass, more preferably between 15 and 19.5% by mass.

Binder content between 6.0% by mass and 8.5% by mass, preferably between 6.8% by mass and 7.5% by mass.

Essential to the invention is therefore an altered composition of the bituminous mixture in comparison with the previously given, previously customary values. Essential for the bituminous mixture according to the invention is a very binder-rich, fine-grained mortar (as a mortar is called a mixture of binder, filler and sand). The asphalt mixture according to the invention can be used for the production of road surface layers, which is the main use, asphalt interlayers, Asphaltbinderschichten and / or Asphaltdichtungsschichten, especially in road construction, in particular as sealing layers under open-pored asphalt or other hollow-rich cover layers, but also in the binder area of roads as asphalt interlayer or Asphaltbinderschicht due to its high stability, or as asphalt sealing layer. Also in the bituminous mixture according to the invention is preferably the class 0/8 (with a maximum grain size of 8 mm) or 0/5 (with a maximum grain size of 5 mm) can be realized. But also the use of smaller largest grains, z. B. 3 mm or 4 mm, or larger Größtkörnem, z. B. 11 mm or 16 mm, ie in particular such with a maximum grain in a range of> 2 mm to ≤ 16 mm, is possible.

According to a particularly preferred teaching of the invention it is provided that the sand content of natural and / or crushed sand having a particle size ≤ 2 mm, preferably <1 mm, more preferably> 0.063 mm and ≤ 1 mm, between 6 M .-% and 12 M. .-% lies. This is a particularly preferred classification, which contributes to the optimization of the bituminous mixture according to the invention. Even more preferably, a sand with an aggregate in a range of> 1 mm or <2 mm is present only to a small extent in the asphalt mixture, preferably in a range from 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass Amount included is from the total sand content in a range of 2% by mass to 15% by mass, preferably 6% by mass to 12% by mass.

Preferably, the sand content will consist predominantly of natural sand, possibly also natural sand in the form of quartz sand. Crushed sand, in particular from oversize grain of the filler and the undersize of the chippings, should preferably form only a small component of the sand content. The sand content preferably has a flow coefficient of <30 (according to DIN EN 933-6, Section 8).

For the filler, it is of particular advantage if it is predominantly or exclusively limestone filler, ie rock powder from limestone (limestone rock powder). This leads to the desired mortar property in the asphalt mix. In addition, the partial or total replacement by filler from other rocks or substitutes such as glass, metal (s), plastics, fly ashes, in particular with certain properties (eg stiffening), possible.

The bituminous mixture according to the invention has already contained the surface properties determining aggregates from the very beginning in the bituminous mixture. This is reflected in the significantly increased chippings content with aggregates> 1 mm, preferably> 2 mm. The aggregates of the road surface layer and, where necessary, the intermediate layer, binder layer and / or sealing layer, therefore, do not need to be applied as a scrape in a further operation. For the asphalt mixture according to the invention, the binder is a bitumen or at least one thermoplastic binder or mixtures of these binders, preferably a bitumen for the production of temperature-reduced asphalt (see Merkblatt für Temperaturabsenkung von Asphalt (M TA), 2006 edition), a polymer Modified bitumen according to DIN EN 12591 or a Straßenbaubitumen is.

Finally, also applies to the bituminous mixture according to the invention that the viscosity of the bitumen can be lowered and / or changed by the use of viscosity-changing binders or by the use of viscosity-modifying additives to the binder and thus the installation temperature of the bituminous mixture can be lowered. In particular, it comes with the invention Bituminous also with use of suitable additives to a lower installation temperature (after mixing and transport) in a range of about 160 ° C to about 180 ⁰ C, or to about 190 ⁰ C in comparison with a lower temperature limit so far of about 200 ⁰ C to about 230 ⁰ C.

It is essential in the application for the production of road surface layers that the bituminous mixture according to the invention does not have to be subjected to any additional skimming step on the road, although it is much less sensitive in terms of compliance with the installation parameters than the above-explained, noise-improved bituminous mixture or as the conventional rolled mastic asphalt.

The invention also provides a process for producing a roadway top layer, intermediate layer, binder layer and / or sealing layer from an asphalt mixture according to the invention. According to the invention, the asphalt mixture according to one of claims 1 to 7 is used here.

According to a particularly preferred teaching of the invention is that the bituminous mixture with a temperature between about 160 ° C, preferably about 180 ⁰ C, and 23O ⁰ C, preferably between about 180 ⁰ C and about 200 ⁰ C, on a pad for the installation of a The road surface layer, the asphalt intermediate layer, the asphalt binder course and / or the asphalt sealing layer, wherein the term underlay also includes the roadway substructure, is installed. This is the installation temperature of the bituminous mixture. The installation method with paver or with cast asphalt screed ensures that the asphalt overlay mix is in cross section with different properties, in particular the arrangement of the void content and the air pores, but also the tightness. So there is a classic especially dense Asphaltmischgut in the lower area. In the middle range is advantageous a small cavity supply, based on to a stone mastic asphalt. The uppermost part of the asphalt surface layer is more reminiscent of an open-pored asphalt with its cavity offer. This distribution in the cross section combines the advantages of all three mentioned cover layer blends in one layer.

According to the invention, in the bituminous mixture according to the invention, the second working step of chipping with chippings, which is required for a road surface covering layer, is dispensed with. The asphalt mixture according to the invention, as well as the known from the prior art mastic asphalt, installed without additional compaction by rolling. Since the second step is eliminated, the use of rubber wheeled rollers and heavy smooth-walled rollers is also unnecessary for conventional mastic asphalt mixtures.

According to a preferred teaching of the invention, it is only expedient that a subsequent treatment of the asphalt mixture mixed with the substrate takes place by means of a light smooth-shelled roller, preferably a smooth-walled roller having a weight of less than 6 tons, in particular less than 4 tons. With this processing, only an alignment of the superficial grit grains takes place. This can not be compared with the expense of the second step in previous mastic asphalt mix.

In principle, the asphalt mixture according to the invention can be installed on a suitable base (eg asphalt binder course) with a classic heavy cast asphalt screed. According to the invention, however, it has been found that the present bituminous mixture can also be installed differently, namely in such a way that the mechanical installation takes place with a conventional lightweight road paver used for later-to-be-compacted rolled asphalt. It should preferably be provided that already the paver is operated with a slight pre-compaction of the resulting road surface layer. The road paver preferably incorporates the asphalt layer with a precompression of approximately 1/3 of the maximum power through the first compaction unit of the paver. More preferably, further compaction units of the road paver are not used.

A road surface layer, intermediate layer, binder layer and / or sealing layer of the asphalt mixture according to the invention has a comparatively high stability and a high resistance to deformation. Corresponding tests have yielded excellent values.

Another positive characteristic of the bituminous mixture according to the invention is the fact that it is possible, unlike in Gussasphalteinbauverfahren, the pad with To spray a pressure-sensitive adhesive or with a bitumen emulsion, for better bonding of the layers. In addition, it is possible to incorporate the asphalt mixture according to the invention even with a moist surface. The resulting steam escapes through the finest pores without affecting the bond. The covering remains in the lower part of the cross-section as tight as a conventional mastic asphalt.

A particular advantage of the bituminous mixture according to the invention and the production of a roadway covering layer from this is that a road marking can already be finally applied immediately after the production of the roadway covering layer. Unlike the bituminous asphalt mix which is provided with chippings, a lane marking does not have to be applied again after a few weeks or months later.

The invention also provides a method for transporting the bituminous mixture to a site where it is to be installed to a road surface layer, intermediate layer, binder layer and / or sealing layer. For this transport method, it is expediently possible according to the invention for the transport to take place by means of conventional (normal) trucks, if appropriate with built-in insulating and / or heating device, ie trucks without stirring device for the bituminous mixture, in particular asphalt mix.

In principle, the bituminous mixture according to the invention can also be transported in the casting asphalt tilers used for the known mastic asphalt mix, ie stir constantly during transport and maintain it at a high temperature. Due to its different composition, however, the bituminous mixture according to the invention is not dependent on continuous, in particular intensive, stirring in a mastic asphalt cooker. Rather, the asphalt mixture according to the invention also remains stable in its mixture for a long time during transport and exhibits only a slight settling or separation tendency, if at all.

The inventive composite bituminous mixture allowed compared to conventional mastic asphalt a displacement of the lower installation temperature limit by about 50 ⁰ C, preferably 30 ⁰ C, to a lower limit of about 160 ° C to about 18O ⁰ C, thereby reducing CO ₂ emissions.

Based on a comparison of the known method for producing a road surface layer of rolled mastic asphalt and the method according to the invention For the production of a road surface layer with the bituminous mixture according to the invention, the two systems should be compared again:

The conventional installation of a roadway layer of rolled mastic asphalt usually proceeds as follows:

Presentation of two marginal strips of mastic asphalt with a width of 0.5 m each as a lateral boundary and as a support for the caterpillar tracks of the mastic asphalt screed, installation of the mastic asphalt mixture with the mastic asphalt screed with a maximum size suitable for later use;

Application of the spill with approx. 12 to 15 kg / qm,

Kneading the spread by means of a rubber roller with simultaneous prevention of blistering in the case of a wet pad, smoothing the unevenness caused by the use of the rubber wheel, by means of a heavy, wide smooth-walled roller,

Sweeping and disposing of the rejected chippings,

Application of a temporary marking to release the traffic, which must be renewed by splitting the surface after some time, cutting and casting the joints between the road surface and the edge strips.

If a typical road paver for rolled asphalt is used for the production of a roadway covering layer from the bituminous mixture according to the invention, which does not use crawler tracks, in particular external ones, the method according to the invention reduces to two working steps:

Setting the paver to a slight pre-compression (in particular to about 1/3 of the maximum power of the first pre-compression unit) in relation to the intended thickness of the asphalt mix, installation of the asphalt mix by means of the paver in full pave width (no external crawler tracks) than

Upper layer blanket,

Slight rolling of the surface of the road surface layer by means of a light smooth coat roller for aligning the superficial grit grains.

On the surface described above, since there is no repellent chippings to be removed, the final lane mark can be applied immediately. Even when using a conventional mastic asphalt screed method of the invention is still far more effective than the known method for producing a road surface. It then occur only necessary for the formation of the edge strips for the crawler tracks of Gussasphaltbohle process steps. The advantages of the flatness, the grip and the marking remain.

embodiment

The following recipe has proven itself in tests:

20.0% by mass of limestone filler <0.063 mm (manufacturer: Hastenrather Kalkwerke Wwe. Wilhelm Meyer GmbH & Co. KG, 52249 Eschweiler, Germany);

4.0% by mass natural sand> 0.063 mm, <2 mm, flow coefficient 28 (manufacturer: ABB Asphalt-, Beton- und Baustoffhandel e.K., Hasenbuschstr 46, 52531 Übach-Palenberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany); 76.0 M .-% grit (basanite), PSV 52,> 2 mm, <5 mm (manufacturer: Andernacher Lavakontor GmbH & Co. KG Lavawerk, Eicher Str., 56645 Nickenich, Germany);

Bulk density of the resulting aggregate mixture (100% by mass of the aggregate mixture) 2.846 g / cm ³

7.0 M .-% bitumen for the production of temperature-reduced asphalt, Sübit VR 35 (EP RuK = 88.0 ⁰ C), manufacturer / dealer: GKG MINERALOEL HANDEL GmbH & Co. KG Stuttgart, Liebknechtstr. 50, 70565 Stuttgart (Germany)

Density of asphalt mix (after adding 7.0 M .-% bitumen) 2.546 g / cm ³ Mixing temperature <190 ⁰ C (in mixing plant) Installation temperature approx. 180 ⁰ C (after mixing and transport)

The surface texture of a road surface layer of the bituminous mixture according to the invention has such a favorable shape that a significant reduction in noise compared to the known Gussasphaltmischgut and especially against previously classified as low-noise asphalt topcoats, eg stone mastic asphalt, is to be expected. The flat surface with grit grains lying relatively flat reduces the rolling noise of vehicles. On the surface creates a favorable pore space by rolling with the light smooth coat roller. This also promotes drainage in the wet. The reduction in noise of an asphalt cover sheet produced with the asphalt mixture according to the invention is so favorable that the D _str o value (correction value for different road surfaces according to RLS-90 - guidelines for noise protection on roads) that of an open-pored asphalt, D _Str o - 5 dBA ) is the same.

Claims

claims

1. Selbstdichtendes Asphaltmischgut, in particular a Gussasphaltmischgut, especially for road surface layers, asphalt layers, Asphaltbinder- layers and / or Asphaltdichtungsschichten, preferably the class 0/8 or 0/5, consisting of grit, sand, filler and binder, and optionally additives, wherein the total mass of all constituents is 100% by mass, characterized in that the chippings content with an aggregate of> 1 mm is between 60% by mass and 80% by mass that the sand content of natural and / or crushed sand is of a grain size > 0.063 mm and ≤

2 mm between 2 M .-% and 15 M .-% is that the filler content with an aggregate ≤ 0.063 mm between 12 M .-% and 25

M .-% is and that the binder content between 6.0 M .-% and 8.5 M .-%, preferably between 6.8

M .-% and 7.5 M .-%, lies.

2. Asphaltmischgut according to claim 1, characterized in that the sand content of natural and / or crushed sand with a grain size> 0.063 mm and ≤ 2 mm between 6 M .-% and 12 M .-%.

3. Asphaltmischgut according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sand content consists entirely or predominantly of natural sand.

4. Asphaltmischgut according to one of claims 1 to3, characterized in that the filler content wholly or mainly consists of limestone.

5. Asphaltmischgut according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the binder is a bitumen or at least one thermoplastic binder or mixtures thereof.

6. bituminous mixture according to claim 5, characterized in that the bitumen is a bitumen for the production of temperature-reduced asphalt, a polymer-modified bitumen according to DIN EN 12591 or a Straßenbaubitumen.

7. bituminous mixture according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized that the viscosity of the bitumen is lowered and / or used by the use of viscosity-changing binders or by the use of viscosity-modifying additives and thereby the installation temperature of the bituminous mixture is lowered.

8. Road surface layer, asphalt intermediate layer, Asphaltbinderschicht and / or asphalt sealing layer of an asphalt mixture, characterized in that an asphalt mixture is provided according to one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A process for the preparation of a road surface, asphalt pavement, Asphaltbinderschicht and / or Asphaltdichtungsschicht of an asphalt mix, characterized in that an asphalt mixture is used according to one of claims 1 to 7.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the asphalt mixture with a temperature between about 18O ⁰ C and 230 ° C, preferably between about 18O ⁰ C and about 200 ⁰ C, is installed.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the mechanical installation is carried out with a paver.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the paver is operated with a slight pre-compaction of the resulting layer, in particular the road surface layer.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that an aftertreatment of the built-up on a base asphalt mix by means of a light smooth-shell roll, preferably with a smooth-shell roll with a weight of less than 6 to, in particular less than 4 to.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that immediately after the installation of the asphalt mix as a road surface layer a final lane marking is applied to the road surface layer.

15. A method for transporting asphalt mix according to one of claims 1 to 7 to the place of use, characterized in that the transport by truck, optionally with built-in insulation and / or heating device, ie trucks without agitator for the asphalt mix, in particular mastic asphalt mix occurs.