EP2377619B1 - Cutting body - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cutting body.

Such a cutting body is from the FR 0 240 440 or DE 102 15 833 B4 known. Such cutting body are mounted circumferentially on a rotor, including a thru axle is used. This thru axle is inserted through holes in the rotor and through the bearing bore of the cutter body. Often a plurality of cutting bodies are mounted side by side on the thru-axle, thereby ensuring an improved cutting performance. The thru axle forms a pivot bearing for the cutting body. During operation, the flail hits with its flail head on the material to be shredded and cut it. If excessive counterforce occurs, the flail can swing away on the stub axle. Although the flail head is equipped with carbide, it is subject to wear and must therefore be changed at regular intervals. An exchange of the cutting body is also required if it breaks off, for example due to impermissible use conditions in the area of the flail head. To change the cutting body, the thru axle must be loosened and pulled. Then the cutting bodies can be removed and replaced with new cutting bodies.

Out DE 20 2007 013 269 U1 a beater is known for a shredding device. The flail has a lower body, in which a through hole is introduced. A cutting head can be interchangeably connected to the lower body.

WO 2005/043981 A2 discloses an incisor for a mulcher. The incisor has a base part which is connected to the rotor of the mulcher. On the base part, a cutting element can be exchangeably attached. The Cutting element is equipped with inserts and can be attached to the base part in two mounting positions rotated by 180 °

In the WO 02/055203 A1 a beater is described which has a base body. The main body is penetrated by a hole. At the end facing away from the bore of the base body has a receptacle for a cutting body.

In EP 0 240 440 A2 is a hammer tool for crushing motor vehicles disclosed. A similar tool is in the US 3,829,032 described.

EP 1 693 110 A1 discloses a tool for a tiller. In this case, a base part is used, which can be fastened on the peripheral surface of a cutting roller. The base part has a receptacle into which a cutting tool can be inserted. The cutting tool is equipped with cutting elements made of hard material.

Another striking tool is from the AU-B-44210/79 known. Here is a hammer tip interchangeably connected to one arm of the hammer.

It is an object of the invention to provide a cutting body of the type mentioned above, which allows for simplified maintenance and is economically effective.

This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Here, one makes use of the knowledge that the cutting body wears primarily in the area of its cutting surfaces. The fact that now the cutting insert is interchangeable, only the cutting insert must be replaced in case of wear. In particular, the thru-axle does not have to be removed, but the cutting body can remain on the rotor. On the one hand, this makes much easier and faster maintenance possible. Furthermore, the service life of the cutting body can be significantly increased, because the cutting insert represents the actual wear part and the expensive mallet or bearing body can be used for several cutting inserts again. That way, one becomes significantly more economical use of the cutting body possible. Furthermore, the inventively provided, mutually spaced guide webs or guide seats offer the possibility of a stable support on the forces of varying directions and torques can be safely derived in the mallet.

According to a preferred variant of the invention, it is provided that the cutting element receptacle has a support surface which is arranged transversely to the tool feed direction and on which the cutting insert or the bearing body can be supported with a seat surface. About the support surface recorded during operation of the cutting insert cutting forces can be safely absorbed and dissipated.

According to the invention, the cutting elements on two guide receptacles, which are arranged opposite to each other. Due to the spacing of the guide receivers, forces from varying directions can be safely absorbed. On the other hand, a spacing is formed by the spacing over which torque can be safely dissipated. Particularly preferably, the guide receptacles are aligned such that they are positioned one behind the other lying in the tool feed direction. As a result, a particularly good power dissipation is possible.

The stability of the cutting body is increased by the fact that the guide receptacles are connected to each other with a connecting portion which extends substantially in the tool feed direction. The connecting portion prevents the two guide seats can be bent during tool use due to the forces occurring in the opposite direction.

According to a preferred variant of the invention, provision can be made for the guide receptacle of the cutting element receptacle to have two guide walls arranged at a distance from each other, which are connected to one another via a connecting piece extending transversely to the guide walls. This way will enclosed a guide geometry, can be positively and securely held with the guide webs of the cutting insert or the bearing body.

According to a variant of the invention, the guide walls may be aligned parallel to each other. In this way, an easily manufacturable guide geometry is formed.

Another variant of the invention is such that the guide walls are at an angle to each other. About the employment of the guide walls, the game between the cutting insert and the guide can be minimized, so that a backlash-free or almost backlash-free positioning is possible. In the cutting body according to the invention, the flail head with the cutting element receptacle forms a plug-in receptacle into which the cutting insert or the bearing body can be replaceably inserted with a plug-in projection. With this measure, an easily available arrangement is created, which allows quick and easy maintenance.

According to the invention, it is further provided that the plug-in receptacle formed as a pocket-shaped recess. This pocket-shaped recess forms a stable geometry. If it is additionally provided that the plug-in receptacle is open transversely to the tool feed direction by means of an opening to the environment, then dirt that has entered the area between the plug-in projection and the plug-in receptacle can flow out into the environment via the recess. In this way, jamming of the plug-in projection in the socket is prevented. In the case of the cutting body according to the invention, the cutting element receptacle also has an insertion opening for the insertion projection, which opens the cutting element receptacle in the tool feed direction. This arrangement of the plug-in receptacle guarantees that the cutting forces occurring during operation will always press the cutting insert into the plug-in receptacle. In order to On the one hand, the plug-in insert is held securely and, on the other hand, the forces can be safely removed.

A further variant of the invention is such that in the flail head fastening receptacles are introduced, which open into the region of the cutting element recording. By the fastening receptacles fasteners can be passed and connected directly to the cutting insert or bearing body to keep them captive.

If it is provided that the cutting insert or the flail head is fixed by means of one or more fasteners on the flail so that it is held under spring bias in the cutting element recording, then on the one hand manufacturing tolerances can be compensated. On the other hand, a Nachsetzmöglichkeit is offered in case of wear.

This cutting insert can be quickly and easily mounted or replaced. According to the invention, it is provided that the guide webs are arranged on both sides of the insertion projection and are oriented in or opposite to the tool feed direction, and that the guide receptacles are arranged on both sides of a cutting element holder and oriented in or opposite to the tool feed direction. This orientation of the guide webs or guide receptacles provides a voltage-optimized cross-sectional structure. In the direction of the tool feed direction, the two guide webs widen the geometry of the cutting insert and thereby contribute to improved power dissipation.

The guide webs are such that they are provided with fastening receptacles. Fasteners can work together with the mounting fixtures to hold the cutting insert securely. If both guide webs provided with mounting receptacles, then there is a large mounting distance, which is particularly useful for torque removal and thus secure attachment of the cutting insert.

The cutting insert according to the invention is furthermore also such that the insertion projection has a lateral broadening between the guide webs. This lateral broadening enlarges the cross-section of the plug-in projection transversely to the tool feed direction and thus stiffens the insertion projection.

The plug-in approach may also have a plane, extending in the tool feed direction bearing surface, with which it can be supported over a large area on a mating surface of the cutting element recording or alternatively the plug-in receptacle has such a guide surface.

If it is provided that the cutting head in the transition region to the plug neck has at least one extending transversely to the insertion longitudinal axis seat, this seat can be supported on a corresponding counter surface of the flail head to achieve a large force transfer.

Within the scope of the invention, the cutting head can also be formed on a flail head to optimize its load.

Figur 1

in perspektivischer Seitenansicht einen Schneidkörper;

Figur 2

in perspektivischer Seitenansicht einen Schneideinsatz für den Schneidkörper gemäß Figur 1;

Figur 3

den Schneideinsatz gemäß Figur 2 in perspektivischer Rückansicht;

Figur 4

die aus dem Schneidkörper gemäß Figur 1 und dem Schneideinsatz gemäß den Figuren 2 und 3 gebildete Baueinheit in Ansicht von hinten;

Figur 5

die Baueinheit gemäß Figur 4 in perspektivischer Rückansicht;

Figur 6

eine aus zwei Schneidkörpern zusammengesetzte Schneidbaugruppe;

Figur 7

in perspektivischer Seitenansicht und Explosionsdarstellung eine weitere Ausgestaltungsvariante eines Schneidkörpers;

Figur 8

den Schneidkörper gemäß Figur 7 in Zusammenbau-Darstellung und veränderter Perspektive; und

Figur 9

den Schneidkörper gemäß Figur 8 in Ansicht von links.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

in a perspective side view of a cutting body;

FIG. 2

in perspective side view of a cutting insert for the cutting body according to FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3

the cutting insert according to FIG. 2 in perspective rear view;

FIG. 4

from the cutting body according to FIG. 1 and the cutting insert according to FIGS. 2 and 3 formed assembly in view from behind;

FIG. 5

the unit according to FIG. 4 in perspective rear view;

FIG. 6

a cutting assembly composed of two cutting bodies;

FIG. 7

in a perspective side view and exploded view of a further embodiment variant of a cutting body;

FIG. 8

the cutting body according to FIG. 7 in assembly presentation and changed perspective; and

FIG. 9

the cutting body according to FIG. 8 in view from the left.

The FIGS. 1 to 6 show no inventive embodiment of a cutting body.

FIG. 1 shows a cutting body having a bearing body 10. The bearing body 10 is penetrated by a bearing bore 13, wherein the bearing bore 13 unilaterally opens into a side surface 11 which is aligned vertically to the central longitudinal axis of the bearing bore 13. In the side surface 11 radial grooves 12 are incorporated. The bearing body 10 has a spherical peripheral surface 14 which is provided on its underside with a radially projecting thickened projection 15. In this approach 15 is a, in the FIG. 1 introduced unrecognizable grease nipple, which opens into the region of the bearing bore 13. Grease can be injected via the grease nipple. Through the bearing bore 13 projects in the mounted state, a thru axle of a cutting rotor. With the pressed-in grease, the contact area between the thru-axle and the bearing bore 13 can be lubricated and thus the service life extended.

As the FIG. 1 can be seen, the approach 15 is arranged opposite to a mallet 20, which is also integrally formed on the bearing body 10. Thus, the projection 15 forms a counterweight to the flail 20, which reduces the oscillations of the cutting body on the thru-axle in favor of improved wear behavior.

On the bearing body 10, two projections 16 are formed in the form of claws on the side facing away from the side surface 11 side. These projections 16 are connected by means of webs 17 to a connecting portion 21 of the bracket 20 for improved rigidity. The web 17 is integrally connected to the projection 16 and the connecting portion 21. Between the projections 16 recordings 18 are left. The FIGS. 4 and 6 show the design and arrangement of the projections 16 and the receptacles 18 in detail. As can be seen from these illustrations, the projections 16 and the receptacles 18 are mutually rotated by 180 °. The function of the projections 16 and receptacles 18 will be described later with reference to FIG FIG. 6 explained in more detail.

As already mentioned above, a connecting portion 21 of a bracket 20 is integrally formed on the bearing body 10. The connecting portion 21 has a front surface 22, which is provided with two inclined flank surfaces 22.1, wherein the flank surfaces run 22.1 V-shaped and inclined in the tool feed direction V. Turned away from the bearing body 10, a flail head 23 is integrally formed on the connecting portion 21. The mallet head 23 has a pocket-shaped cutting element receptacle 25, which is excluded from the mallet head 23. In this case, the cutting element holder 25 has a wall-shaped connecting portion 25.2, which runs parallel to the tool feed direction V. At its two end regions of the connecting portion 25.2 each forms a guide wall 25.1. This guide wall 25.1 is connected in each case via a connecting piece 25.8 with another guide wall 25.3. In this case, the connecting piece 25.8 extends transversely to the plane formed by the connecting portion 25.2. The two guide walls 25.1 and 25.3 and the connecting piece 25.8 each form a guide receptacle. As FIG. 1 can be seen, two, transverse to the central longitudinal axis of the bearing bore 13 successive guide receptacles are provided with a U-shaped geometry. On the one hand, as mentioned above, these two guide receptacles are connected to one another via the connecting section 25.2. On the other hand, a bottom 25.4 is used, which connects the guide seats end. These connections ensure a stable cohesion of the two guide seats.

The pocket-shaped cutting element holder 25 is opened laterally by means of a cutout. This section is bounded by two legs 25.6, which are supported by the guide walls 25.3. The two legs 25.6 are connected to each other via a transition section 25.7 U-shaped. It is also conceivable to make the legs 25.6 V-shaped against each other. In this case, the transition section 25.7 is oriented parallel to the bottom 25.4. The connecting portion 25.2 and the guide walls 25.3 each provide support surfaces 25.5, which are aligned perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the cutting element holder 25.

In the cutting element holder 25, a cutting insert 30 can be used, as the FIG. 4 lets recognize. The cutting insert 30 is closer in the FIGS. 2 and 3 detail. As these drawings illustrate, the cutting insert 30 has an insertion projection 33, to which a cutting head 35 is integrally formed. The insertion projection 33 has two diametrically opposite guide webs 31, which have a square or rectangular geometry in cross section. From the guide webs 31 side mounting receivers 32 are excluded. Between the two guide webs 31, the plug-in projection 33 has a widening 33.1, which is made in one piece. The broadening 33.1 is limited to a termination surface 33.2. This end surface 33.2 merges flush into the cutting head 35 and is aligned parallel to a contact surface 39 which limits the insertion projection 33 in the region of the rear side.

The cutting head 35 is substantially triangular in side view. It has a front projection 37 and a rear projection 36. These two projections 36 and 37 project beyond the guide webs 31 and thus form wear aprons. The cutting head 35 forms on both sides of the projections 36 and 37 seats 36.1 and 37.1. In this case, the seat 36.1 is executed continuously, as the FIG. 3 can detect and arranged at right angles to the central longitudinal axis of the plug-in projection 33. The seat 37.1 is interrupted by the broadening 33.1. The seat 37.1 is also perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the plug-in projection 33. From the Cutting head 35 are recessed two stepped milled recesses, one of which forms a cutting element 38.1 and the other a support 38.2. The cutting element holder 38.1 serves to receive a cutting element of hard material, preferably of hard metal. To the cutting element is an armor plate 40, which is also made of hard material, preferably made of hard metal, recognized gap-free. Both the armor plate and the cutting element 50 are materially connected to the cutting head 35, for example, soldered or glued. The cutting element 50 has a planar front surface 51, to the roof-shaped two auxiliary surfaces 52 are connected. In the Abknickbereich between the front surface 51 and the two auxiliary surfaces 52 part cutting are formed. Furthermore, a partial cutting edge between the two auxiliary surfaces 52 is arranged. The two secondary surfaces 52 form radially outwardly a curved main cutting edge 53. This geometry of the cutting element is particularly robust. The triangular assignment of the three secondary cutting edges in the form of a roof improves the successive cutting engagement in the material to be shredded and thereby contributes significantly to reducing the required machine output. In addition, the arcuate curvature of the main cutting edge contributes to reducing the required engine power.

FIG. 4 shows the assignment between the main body according to FIG. 1 and the cutting insert 30 according to FIGS FIGS. 2 and 3 , As can be seen from this illustration, the cutting insert 30 is inserted with its insertion projection 33 in the cutting element holder 25. The insertion movement takes place through the front opening of the cutting element holder 25, which is oriented in the direction of the tool feed direction V. The cutting insert 30 can be guided with its two guide webs 31 in the guide receptacles of the cutting element holder 25. The insertion movement of the cutting insert 30 is limited to the seat surfaces 36.1 and 37.1, which lie plane-parallel on the support surfaces 25.5 of the flail head 23. When inserted, the bottom 25.4 of the bracket 20 is at a distance from the bottom 34 of the plug-in projection 33. In this way, a Nachsetzraum is formed. For fixing the cutting insert 30 are longitudinally slotted Spring tension sleeves (heavy tension sleeves) or elastomeric elements used. These are driven through the fastening receivers 24 and the fastening receivers 32 of the plug-in projection 33 arranged in alignment therewith. In this case, the assignment of the cutting insert 30 to the flail head 23 is made such that the fastening elements 24.1 introduce a spring preload. This preload pushes the seats 36.1 and 37.1 of the cutting insert 30 spring-biased on the support surfaces 25.5 of the flail head 23. If, during operation, the contact surface between this support surface 25.5 and the seat surfaces 36.1 and 37.1 is worn out, the fastening elements 24.1 can compensate for this wear with their spring tension and the cutting insert is subsequently set. In this case, the Nachsetzraum formed between the bottom 25.4 and the bottom 34 allows the Nachsetzbewegung.

Like from the FIG. 5 can be seen, the fastening elements 24.1 are on both sides of the fastening receptacle 24 through the flail head 23 passed.

FIG. 6 indicates that the cutting insert 30 is set with its widening 33.1 through the opening formed between the legs 25.6. The closing surface 33.2 is flush with the adjoining side cheek surface of the flail head 23. In this way, a planar lateral transition between the cutting insert 30 and the mallet head 23 is created, which has a favorable wear. In addition, the widening 33.1 offers protection against penetration of crushed material.

FIG. 6 can be further seen that two cutting body, which are constructed mirror-symmetrically with respect to their bearing body 10, can be connected together. For this purpose, the projections 16 of a cutting body are set in the receptacles 18 of the other cutting body claw-like. This creates a rotationally fixed connection in the circumferential direction. Through the bearing bores 13 of the two cutting body, a through axle can be pushed through, over which the axial allocation of the two cutting body is maintained. Alternatively, instead of the jaw connection, another connection between the cutting bodies may be provided, for example they may be connected to one another be screwed or frictionally engaged or otherwise positively held together.

In the FIGS. 7 to 9 an embodiment variant of a cutting body according to the invention is shown. As if from a comparison of FIGS. 4 and 9 can be seen, the two cutting body substantially the same geometry. In particular, the cutting bodies in the region of their bearing body 10 are constructed identically and coincidentally have the side surfaces 11 with the interrupting radial grooves 12 and the projections 16 and the receptacles 18 located therebetween. Furthermore, the projections 16 are connected via webs 17 and the bearing body 10 is penetrated by the bearing bore 13.

With the bearing body 10 of the mallet head 23 is interchangeable connected. In this case, the same connection mechanism as in the embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 to 6 consisting of an insertion projection 33 and a cutting element holder 25 is used, wherein in kinematic reversal of the insertion projection 33 on the bearing body 10 and the cutting element holder 25 is provided on the flail head 23. The separation between the mallet head 23 and the bearing body 10 is made in the region of the connecting portion 21. The flail head 23 is again substantially identical to the flail head 23 according to FIGS FIGS. 1 to 6 constructed and it can be referenced with the same reference numerals to the above statements. In particular, the mallet head 23 has the front surface 22 with a concave course. This merges into an immediately adjoining concave surface of the bearing body 10. The mallet head 23 is provided with a cutting element holder 38.1, in which the cutting insert 30 is soldered directly. In this case, the cutting element holder 38.1 is formed by a cutting head 35, which is integrally formed on the flail head 23. Below the cutting insert 30 consisting of hard metal armor plate 40 is soldered.

For interchangeable fixation of the flail head 23 to the bearing body 10 of the bearing body 10 of the plug-in projection 33 is formed directly. The plug-in projection 33 corresponds in its basic design to the plug-in projection 33 according to the Embodiment after Figure 1 to 6 , in particular to the FIGS. 2 to 3 is referenced. Accordingly, the insertion projection 33 has two guide webs 31, which extend in the radial direction and are formed lying on a widening 33.1 in the feed direction V front and back. The insertion projection 33 again has the end face 33.2 and a contact surface 39. From the guide webs 31 side mounting receivers 32 are excluded. The flail head 23 has in accordance with the geometric configuration of the cutting element holder 25 after FIG. 1 a cutting element receptacle 25 which comprises two guide receptacles corresponding to the guide webs 31, wherein the guide receptacles of guide walls 25.1 and 25.3 and a connecting portion 25.2 are limited. The guide receptacles are again connected to a bottom 25.4 and a transition section 25.7, wherein the transition section 25.7 is integrally formed on legs 25.6.

As FIG. 7 can be seen, the plug-in projection 27 extends radially to the feed direction V. He has in the feed direction V a relatively wide height, which is still significantly increased by the guide webs 31. Thus, the insertion projection 33 in the feed direction V optimized load on a high moment of resistance to bending and a large cross-sectional area against shear forces.

To assemble the flail head 23 this is pushed with its guide receptacle 25 on the plug-in projection 33. On the above related explanations to the FIGS. 1 to 6 is referred to.

In the assembled state, fastening receptacles 24 of the flail head 23 are in alignment with the fastening receptacles 32 in the insertion projection 33. In order to fix the flail head 23, fastening elements 24.1, for example, heavy-duty sleeves, can again be used.

As FIG. 9 can be seen, go the front surface 22 and the opposite to the front surface 22 arranged rear of the flail head 23 flush in the bearing body 10 and thus form no disturbing projections, the one Would favor negative wear. Similarly, the widening 33.1 of the plug-in projection 33 is flush with the side surface of the flail head 23.

Claims (9)

1. Cutting body that has a flail (20) comprising:

   a bearing body (10) retaining a bearing hole (13), and a cutting insert (30).

   The cutting insert (30) has a flail head (23) and a cutting head (35) comprising a cutting element (50) made of hard material, wherein the flail head (23) connects to the bearing body (10) via a connection portion (21).

   For interchangeably retaining the cutting insert (30) on the bearing body (10) the flail head (23) has a cutting element retainer (25), by means of which the flail head (23) can be detachably connected to the bearing body (10).

   The flail head (23) comprising the cutting element retainer (25) forms a socket into which the bearing body (10) can be interchangeably inserted with a plug-in projection (33).

   The socket is designed as a pocket-like recess, wherein the cutting element retainer (25) has a plug-in opening for the plug-in projection (33), which plugin opening opens the cutting element retainer (25) radially inwards towards the bearing body (10).

   The cutting element retainer (25) has two guide retainers (25.1), which are arranged opposite one another.

   The plug-in projection (33) has guide webs (31) which are on opposite sides and extend in the longitudinal direction of the plug-in projection.

   The guide webs (31) are arranged on both sides of the plug-in projection (33) and are oriented in or counter to the tool feed direction (V).

   The plug-in projection (33) has a lateral widening (33.1) between the guide webs (31).

   The invention is characterised

   in that the guide webs (31) have at least one fastening retainer (32).
2. Cutting body according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the cutting element retainer (25) has a support surface (25.5), which is arranged transversely with respect to the tool feed direction (V) and on which the bearing body (10) comprising a seat surface (37.1) can be supported.
3. The cutting body according to one of claims 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the guide retainers (25.1) comprising a connection portion (25.2) are connected to one another, said connection portion extending substantially in the tool feed direction (V).
4. The cutting body according to one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   the guide retainer (25.1) of the cutting element retainer (25) has two guide walls (25.1, 25.3) arranged spaced with respect to one another, which are connected to one another via a connection piece (25.8) extending transversely with respect to the guide walls (25.1, 25.3).
5. Cutting body according to claim 4,
   characterised in that
   the guide walls (25.1, 25.3) are oriented parallel with respect to one another.
6. The cutting body according to claim
   4, characterised in that
   the guide walls (25.1, 25.3) are at an angle to one another.
7. The cutting body according to one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that the socket is opened towards
   the environment transversely with respect to the tool feed direction (V) by means of an opening.
8. The cutting body according to one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterised in that
   the plug-in projection (33) has a planar contact surface (39) extending in the tool feed direction (V), and/or
   the cutting element retainer (25) has a planar guide surface extending in the tool feed direction (V).
9. The cutting body according to one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterised in that
   the cutting head (35) is moulded on a flail head (23).

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