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EP2373054A1 - Reproduction dans une zone de sonorisation ciblée mobile à l'aide de haut-parleurs virtuels - Google Patents

Reproduction dans une zone de sonorisation ciblée mobile à l'aide de haut-parleurs virtuels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2373054A1
EP2373054A1 EP10155873A EP10155873A EP2373054A1 EP 2373054 A1 EP2373054 A1 EP 2373054A1 EP 10155873 A EP10155873 A EP 10155873A EP 10155873 A EP10155873 A EP 10155873A EP 2373054 A1 EP2373054 A1 EP 2373054A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound sources
target
focused
drive signals
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10155873A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2373054B1 (fr
Inventor
Sascha Spors
Jens Ahrens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Telekom AG
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Technische Universitaet Berlin
Deutsche Telekom AG
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Application filed by Technische Universitaet Berlin, Deutsche Telekom AG filed Critical Technische Universitaet Berlin
Priority to EP10155873.2A priority Critical patent/EP2373054B1/fr
Publication of EP2373054A1 publication Critical patent/EP2373054A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/13—Application of wave-field synthesis in stereophonic audio systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the reproduction of a sound field in a limited area using multiple speakers.
  • stereophonic techniques For generating a spatial sound impression stereophonic techniques can be used. These techniques use two or more loudspeakers to produce a spatial sound impression in natural hearing through level differences and / or differences in propagation time. However, the desired spatial hearing impression arises only within a limited range, the so-called "sweet spot" within the speaker assembly. Furthermore, there are various approaches to tracking or enlargement of the sweet spot in stereophonic playback, as for example in the DE-A-10 125 229 , or the DE-A-10 2005 052 904 are described. In stereo, however, a soundfield is not physically reconstructed, but creates an illusion that sounds very similar to the natural model, but has very different physical properties. Also, with the stereophonic only the impression of a sound source can be taught that has at least the distance to the nearest speakers.
  • the technique of wave field synthesis can be used for the authentic physical reconstruction of a sound field over a wide range.
  • This technique uses a large number of loudspeakers, thereby avoiding the problem that in a sweet spot within the loudspeaker arrangement, the reconstruction of the desired sound field is significantly more accurate than in the rest of the listening area, as occurs, for example, in stereo technology
  • the loudspeaker drive signals for the individual Speakers are calculated analytically. In the practical implementation, however, there are large deviations from the desired sound field over the entire potential listening area.
  • the technique of wave field synthesis is, for example, in the publication of S. Spors, R. Rabenstein and J.
  • Wave field synthesis can also be used to generate so-called virtual focused sound sources. This is the physical re-synthesis of a sound source located between the listener and the speakers. Focused sound sources in wave field synthesis and their properties are described, for example, in the publication of S. Spors, H. Wierstorf, N. Geier, and J. Ahrens, “Physical and Perceptual Properties of Focused Sources in Wave Field Synthesis," which are convention papers of the 127th Convention of the Audio Engineering Society, New York, USA, 9 .-12. October 2009, is published ,
  • Ambisonics Another known technique for reconstruction of a sound field is called Ambisonics and is for example in the WO 2005/0195954 A2 described.
  • This technique requires circular arrays of loudspeakers, with the loudspeaker signals typically being generated using numerical algorithms.
  • the limitation of the spatial bandwidth of the drive signals necessary in the calculation path causes the reconstruction of the desired sound field in the center of the loudspeaker arrangement to be most accurate. In the center of the loudspeaker arrangement is therefore a sweet spot. With increasing distance from the center of the loudspeaker arrangement, the deviations in the reconstructed sound field become larger.
  • J. Hannemann and KD Donohue "Virtual Sound Source Rendering Using a Multipole Expansion and Method-of-Moments Approach," J.
  • the loudspeaker arrangement for the reconstruction of the sound field should be freely selectable and the desired display area should be freely selectable within or in front of the loudspeaker arrangement.
  • the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for reproducing a sound field in a target sound area by means of a plurality of electroacoustic transducers. It is a basic idea of the present invention to use focused sources as virtual sound sources for the reproduction in the spatially limited target sound area.
  • the focused sources are generated by the electroacoustic transducers.
  • the activation of the virtual sound sources takes place in accordance with real speakers at the corresponding position in order to generate a desired sound field within the target sounding area.
  • control signals for the virtual focused sound sources are determined, which are arranged on a contour around the target PA range.
  • drive signals are determined for the actually arranged electro-acoustic transducers, by which the virtual sources and the output signals desired by them are generated. These drive signals are supplied to the electroacoustic transducers.
  • the virtual sound sources are closer to the target sound area and / or spatially denser than the electroacoustic transducers. Thereby, the accuracy of the reproduction within the target sounding area can be increased.
  • the result is a sweet spot, so a limited target sound area with improved playback properties.
  • a physical reconstruction of a sound field in a limited area is achieved by means of several loudspeakers or electroacoustic transducers. This can be done by means of a closed, preferably convex arrangement of the electroacoustic transducer. However, it is also a non-closed, for example, linear arrangement of the electro-acoustic transducer possible. Furthermore, the desired display area can be placed dynamically and freely within or in front of the loudspeaker arrangement and thus, for example, adapted dynamically to a listener position.
  • the calculation of the control of the virtual sound sources and the actually existing electroacoustic transducer can be done by various methods, in a particularly efficient manner, for example, with the wave field synthesis.
  • the invention can be advantageously applied to sonicating a moving listener or to sonicating a listener at a fixed position with electro-acoustic transducers disposed on the walls of a room. It is also possible to sonicate several listeners by generating focused sound sources that are arranged on contours surrounding several target PA areas. For this it may be necessary to compensate for the influence of the virtual sound sources among each other.
  • a device for reproducing a sound field in a target PA 3 is shown, with which the inventive method can be technically realized.
  • the electroacoustic transducers 16 are located on a contour 15, which in the in Fig. 1 embodiment shown encloses the potential target PA 3.
  • a closed arrangement is not absolutely necessary;
  • the electroacoustic transducers 16 convert the input electrical signals into sound signals.
  • virtual secondary sources (virtual loudspeakers) 14 are generated by the electroacoustic transducers 16, which in turn are arranged on a contour 13 which surrounds the target sound area 3.
  • These virtual loudspeakers 14 are generated as focused sound sources and driven according to real speakers at their position to produce the desired sound field corresponding to a desired virtual sound source 1 within the area 3.
  • the focused sound sources 14 are preferably arranged spatially denser than the electroacoustic transducers 16, since thereby the accuracy of the reproduction within the sounding area 3 is higher and in this way a "sweet spot" with improved reproduction properties arises.
  • the loudspeaker drive signals 12 for generating the focused sound sources 14 on the contour 13 are generated in a signal processing unit 4.
  • the positions 6 and the orientations 7 of the sound sources 14 are generally required.
  • a signal processing unit 5 is provided, which calculates the drive signals 11 for the virtual loudspeakers 14 within the target sonication area 3.
  • the positions 8 and 9 alignments of the virtual speakers 14 are needed.
  • the method according to the present invention is independent of the method used for resynthesis of the sound field within the target sounding area 3 and regardless of the method used to generate the virtual loudspeakers 14 by the electroacoustic transducers 16 by means of acoustic focusing.
  • the methods of wave field synthesis or ambisonics are suitable for this and can be selected independently of one another according to the requirements.
  • a particularly efficient implementation of the method according to the invention results from the use of wave field synthesis.
  • the signal processing units 4 and 5 can be realized as follows.
  • the driving signals of the virtual focused sound sources 14 corresponding to the positions of the electroacoustic transducers 16 and the virtual speakers 14 are generated.
  • the required electroacoustic transducers 16 are initially selected according to the position of the focused sound sources 14 and their emission direction.
  • a method can be used, as is known from the document of S. Spors, "Extension of Analytical Secondary Source Criterion for Wave Field Synthesis", in: 123rd Audio Engineering Society (AES) Convention, New York, USA, October 2007 is described.
  • the wavefronts converge towards the focal point, ie the position of the focused sound source, and diverge behind it like a point source at the focal point.
  • the direction of the wavefronts is equal to that of a point source in the focal point only in a half-space.
  • This half-space can be controlled according to the invention by appropriate methods, in the wave field synthesis, this is done for example by the selection of the active electroacoustic transducer.
  • the selected active electroacoustic transducer can then, for example, according to the focus operator, as in the thesis of E. Verheijen, "Sound Reproduction by Wave Field Synthesis", Delft University of Technology, 1997 , the input signals of the signal processing unit 4 are weighted and time-delayed.
  • Fig. 2 is shown schematically the arrangement and structure of the signal processing units, with which the electro-acoustic transducer 16 can be controlled.
  • the loudspeaker signals can be obtained by prefiltering in prefilter 18, weighting and delaying the signal from virtual source 10.
  • the output signals of the signal processing unit 5 thus arise by time delay and weighting of the source signal according to the theory of wave field synthesis (see the above-mentioned thesis by E. Verheijen) for the reproduction of virtual point sources and plane waves or other complex sound fields.
  • the signal processing unit 4 it is also possible to proceed for the focused sources in wave field synthesis, but here the delays are negative and the pre-filter 17 has a different characteristic.
  • the efficiency of realization by wave field synthesis lies in the fact that delays and weights of an input signal can be converted very efficiently. Furthermore, the necessary time delays and weights can be obtained by simple formulas from the geometry and the desired source. However, the use of other methods is also possible. Thus, the focused sound sources can be realized not only by the wave field synthesis, but it is also the use of higher order Ambisonics possible, as well as by AJ Berkhout, D. de Vries and P. Vogel, "Acoustic control by wave field synthesis", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Volume 93 (5): 2764-2778, May 1993 , is described. Furthermore, a Spectral Division Method (see the above-mentioned publication by S. Spors, R. Rabenstein and J. Ahrens) or the application of modified time reversal focusing approaches is also conceivable.
  • the control of the focused sound sources in addition to the above-described wave field synthesis, which may be model- or data-based, also be done by time and amplitude delay techniques, such as stereophony or VBAP, by Higher-order Ambisonics, a Spectral Division method, for example according to the doctoral thesis of J. Daniel, "Representation of champs acoustics, application à la transmission and reproduction of scenes sonorous complexes dans un contexte multimedia", united Paris 6, 2001 , or numerical (least-squares) approaches.
  • any combinations of the techniques for the realization and control of the virtual focused sound sources are conceivable.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 Examples of the sound fields produced by various arrangements of electroacoustic transducers are disclosed in U.S. Pat FIGS. 3 to 5 shown.
  • Fig. 3 a circular listening area is surrounded by 56 electroacoustic transducers.
  • the aim is to reproduce a plane wave.
  • Such a plane wave reproduction is shown in (a) and (b) for a frequency of 1 kHz and 4 kHz, respectively. It can clearly be seen in (b) that artifacts occur due to spatial aliasing. These extend over almost the entire listening area.
  • FIGS. 3 (c) and (d) show the generation of a focused source by wave field synthesis, again for a frequency of 1 kHz and 4 kHz, respectively.
  • (d) shows that there is an area around the focused source that is almost free of artifacts. This can be exploited in the process according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 (e) shows the reproduction using the method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 (e) It is shown that from the 56 electroacoustic transducers 56 are generated focused sources which are arranged circularly with a diameter of 40 cm around the center and which are driven for the reproduction of a 4 kHz level wave according to the method according to the invention. It is clear that resynthesis takes place without artifacts within the target sonication range.
  • Fig. 3 (f) the same scenario is shown, except that the target PA was moved here. Again, it is clear that resynthesis occurs without significant artifacts.
  • FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) shown Sound fields similar to those in Fig. 3 (e) and (f) are shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) shown, except that instead of the circular arrangement of the electro-acoustic transducer, a rectangular arrangement is used. Such an arrangement is typically used in practical systems.
  • Fig. 4 (a) the reproduction of a plane wave with 4 kHz and a (circular) target PA in the middle
  • Fig. 4 (b) the situation in which the target PA is shifted. Again, it is shown that the resynthesis takes place without significant artifacts.
  • FIGS. 5 (a) and (b) considered a linear speaker assembly, as used in part in practical systems.
  • corresponding Fig. 3 and 4 also shows the Fig. 5 the reproduction of a plane wave with 4 kHz, wherein in (a) the target sound area is located in the middle.
  • Fig. 5 (b) is changed from (a) the angle of incidence of the plane wave in the target sound area.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
EP10155873.2A 2010-03-09 2010-03-09 Reproduction dans une zone de sonorisation ciblée mobile à l'aide de haut-parleurs virtuels Active EP2373054B1 (fr)

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EP10155873.2A EP2373054B1 (fr) 2010-03-09 2010-03-09 Reproduction dans une zone de sonorisation ciblée mobile à l'aide de haut-parleurs virtuels

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EP10155873.2A EP2373054B1 (fr) 2010-03-09 2010-03-09 Reproduction dans une zone de sonorisation ciblée mobile à l'aide de haut-parleurs virtuels

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EP2373054B1 EP2373054B1 (fr) 2016-08-17

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013167164A1 (fr) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-14 Imm Sound S.A. Procédé et appareil de reproduction sonore 3d ne dépendant pas du schéma ni du format
US9268522B2 (en) 2012-06-27 2016-02-23 Volkswagen Ag Devices and methods for conveying audio information in vehicles
CN106017837A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2016-10-12 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 一种等效声模拟源的模拟方法
CN106664480A (zh) * 2014-04-07 2017-05-10 哈曼贝克自动系统股份有限公司 声波场生成
CN114422713A (zh) * 2022-03-29 2022-04-29 湖南航天捷诚电子装备有限责任公司 一种图像采集及智能判读处理装置及方法

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WO2005019595A1 (fr) 2003-08-19 2005-03-03 Crp Group Limited Carenage pour colonne montante
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WO2009124772A1 (fr) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Appareil et procédé pour générer des caractéristiques de filtres

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013167164A1 (fr) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-14 Imm Sound S.A. Procédé et appareil de reproduction sonore 3d ne dépendant pas du schéma ni du format
CN104303522A (zh) * 2012-05-07 2015-01-21 杜比国际公司 用于布局与格式独立的三维音频再现的方法和装置
US9378747B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2016-06-28 Dolby International Ab Method and apparatus for layout and format independent 3D audio reproduction
CN104303522B (zh) * 2012-05-07 2017-04-19 杜比国际公司 用于布局与格式独立的三维音频再现的方法和装置
US9268522B2 (en) 2012-06-27 2016-02-23 Volkswagen Ag Devices and methods for conveying audio information in vehicles
US10070242B2 (en) 2012-06-27 2018-09-04 Volkswagen Ag Devices and methods for conveying audio information in vehicles
CN106664480A (zh) * 2014-04-07 2017-05-10 哈曼贝克自动系统股份有限公司 声波场生成
CN106664480B (zh) * 2014-04-07 2021-06-15 哈曼贝克自动系统股份有限公司 用于声波场生成的系统和方法
CN106017837A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2016-10-12 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 一种等效声模拟源的模拟方法
CN114422713A (zh) * 2022-03-29 2022-04-29 湖南航天捷诚电子装备有限责任公司 一种图像采集及智能判读处理装置及方法
CN114422713B (zh) * 2022-03-29 2022-06-24 湖南航天捷诚电子装备有限责任公司 一种图像采集及智能判读处理装置及方法

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