EP2367233A1 - Planar antenna system - Google Patents
Planar antenna system Download PDFInfo
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- EP2367233A1 EP2367233A1 EP10002812A EP10002812A EP2367233A1 EP 2367233 A1 EP2367233 A1 EP 2367233A1 EP 10002812 A EP10002812 A EP 10002812A EP 10002812 A EP10002812 A EP 10002812A EP 2367233 A1 EP2367233 A1 EP 2367233A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna system
- planar antenna
- base
- radiator
- short
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OI(OC(=O)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
Definitions
- the invention relates to a planar antenna system having a base area formed by a conductive layer of a printed circuit board according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Both in the industrial sector and in the consumer sector devices are often provided for the purpose of voice and data communication with transmitting and receiving devices that work in the UHF range.
- Examples of such devices are mobile phones, in particular GSM mobile phones, but also industrial automation components, in particular RFID readers and sensors connected by radio.
- the antennas of the transmitting and receiving devices in industrial applications require the smallest possible "form factor", that is, that they should be constructed as small as possible and in particular as flat as possible.
- the structure should be made mechanically robust. Another important requirement is the ability to function on both non-conductive and metallic mounting surfaces. Another important aspect is the bandwidth, whereby, depending on the radio standard (GSM, WLAN, etc.), wide frequency ranges must be covered.
- PIFA antennas planar inverted F antenna
- PIFA planar inverted F antenna
- planar antennas in particular the PIFA antenna
- cover a comparatively small frequency range is often circumvented in the prior art in that a plurality of antennas, a so-called antenna array, is set up, in which the extension the frequency range is made by the coupling of two nearly identical individual systems.
- the coupling factor and the resonance frequencies of the individual systems thereby determine the behavior of the overall system.
- some disadvantages occur; Among other things, the electrical coupling of a second antenna system is not trivial.
- the second antenna element in contrast to the first antenna element is not fed directly, but at this radiation coupled.
- the bandwidth can be further increased, with pronounced maxima and minima are avoided or reduced.
- a planar antenna system with a base area formed by a first conductive layer of a printed circuit board, with a first radiator surface arranged parallel to the base surface, which is conductively connected to the base area by means of a short circuit connection and which feeds a feed point Connection of a high-frequency circuit has.
- a second radiator surface coupled with this radiation-coupled second radiator surface is arranged in parallel over the base surface of the first radiator surface, wherein one side of the second radiator surface is connected by means of a second short-circuit connection with the base surface.
- a flat-building, compact antenna system which in comparison to the known antennas and antenna systems has a high bandwidth and which by the two radiator surfaces common base operation on both metallic / conductive and on non-metallic / non-conductive substrates (mounting surfaces ) without significant change in high frequency characteristics.
- the antenna system on the one hand to produce a cost-effective and on the other hand easy to integrate in a high-frequency circuit or to combine with such by the structure as part of a circuit board.
- the radiation power of the antenna is further improved when the first and second short-circuit connections are arranged substantially on the same line.
- the base area is formed by a first layer of the printed circuit board and the emitter areas are formed by a further, second layer of the same printed circuit board, a series of plated-through holes represents a particularly effective and inexpensive type of short-circuit connection.
- the radiator surfaces can also be formed by separately applied sheets (shaped sheets), so that the thickness of the printed circuit board does not have to be adapted to the required distance between the base surface and the radiator surfaces.
- shaped sheets By choosing a thin printed circuit board (substrate) or a foil printed circuit board then results in a construction in which the area between the base and the radiator surfaces consists to a large extent of an air layer, whereby the losses caused by the carrier material, be further reduced.
- carrier material can be completely dispensed with in the area of the radiator surfaces.
- a particularly advantageous variant is the mounting of the carrier plates on the side of the base of the circuit board.
- the high-frequency characteristics also arise in the antenna system according to the invention primarily from the geometric dimensions of the radiator surfaces and the distance between the radiator surfaces and the base surface.
- the antenna system can be tuned without changing the radiators, ie the geometries, to have to make.
- both the first, directly fed emitter surface and the radiation-coupled second emitter surface are each provided with an impedance element.
- the second radiator surface results in a particularly broadband usability of the antenna system; in cases where a narrow band application is given, the second radiator surface may also be rectangular, which is a special form of the trapezoid.
- FIG. 1 For example, in one embodiment of the antenna system, a printed circuit board of a radio sensor in an industrial automation arrangement is shown.
- the FIG. 1 shows the area (detail) of the circuit board, which includes the antenna system.
- the sensor ie the device which comprises the printed circuit board with the antenna system, is in the present embodiment for application (eg gluing) on a machine housing or the like. furnished, referring to the representation in the FIG. 1 the mounting surface (not shown) is disposed below the circuit board.
- the lowest conductive layer forms the base area GP ("Ground Plain ”) of the antenna system, that is to say a ground plane, is arranged above the base area GP, the substrate STR, that is to say the carrier material of the printed circuit board,
- the printed circuit boards used in real sensors can have a multiplicity of layers FIG. 1 For simplicity, only two layers are shown.
- an upper layer of the printed circuit board which is arranged on the side of the substrate STR opposite the base GP, is etched free, with the exception of the radiator surfaces S1, S2, so that the radiator surfaces S1, S2 remain as conductive regions arranged parallel to the base surface GP , While the emitter surface S1 is made rectangular, the emitter surface S2 has a trapezoidal blank, which is created by eliminating a triangular surface on one side of the emitter surface S2 opposite the emitter surface S1, thus resulting in a trapezoidal taper V of the emitter surface S2.
- the radiator surfaces S1, S2 are electrically connected to their bases with respect to the drawing with the base GP. As shown, this can be realized by strips of conductive material (eg copper sheet) vertically embedded in the printed circuit board, the short-circuit connections KS1, KS2, which are conductively connected to the base area GP and the radiator surfaces S1, S2 by soldering or another connection technique are. In an alternative embodiment, not shown here, the electrically conductive connections can also be realized by a number of plated-through holes in each case.
- conductive material eg copper sheet
- the emitter surface S1 is provided with a feeding point SP, which, for example by means of a coaxial conductor, is connected to a high frequency circuit (transmitter, receiver), not shown here.
- the emitter surface S2 has no such feed point because the emitter surface S2 is radiation-coupled to the emitter surface S1.
- the radiator surface S1 is coupled to the base area GP with an impedance element Z1, wherein the impedance element Z1 can consist of the known passive components (L, C, R).
- the impedance element Z1 is used in addition to the appropriate choice of the geometries of the antenna surfaces (radiator surface S1, S2, distance of the radiator surfaces S1, S2 to the base GP) for tuning the antenna system.
- a second impedance element Z2 is arranged electrically between the radiating surface S2 and the base GP.
- the connection points of the impedance elements Z1, Z2 are preferably coupled to one of the short-circuit connections KS1, KS2 respectively remote end of the radiator surfaces S1, S2.
- the geometry of the taper V, ie in particular the basic angle of the triangular recess of the radiator surface S2, has a direct influence on the bandwidth of the planar antenna system, ie on the usable frequency range.
- the substrate STR can be recessed below the radiator surfaces S1, S2, the recess advantageously being at least as large as the surface of the radiating surfaces S1, S2. In fabrication, this can be easily realized if the circuit board is made by laminating the substrate STR and the layers, the recess (s) being made in the substrate STR before lamination with the conductive layers or be.
- FIG. 2 is an alternative embodiment of the in the FIG. 1 shown already shown planar antenna system.
- the emitter surface S2 made rectangular, thus has no taper V on.
- This special case is preferred for those applications which, compared to the antenna system of the FIG. 1 narrowband work.
- a rectangular or a trapezoidal section of the radiating surface S2 can be selected. It should be further pointed out that in the case of a rectangular radiator surface S2 already by a different width of the radiator surfaces S1 and S2 due to the resulting different resonant frequencies of the frequency range compared to an antenna system with only one radiator surface is wider.
- the base GP is not arranged below the substrate STR with reference to the drawing, but represents the top surface of the printed circuit board.
- the emitter surfaces S1, S2 are designed as sheets which are bent at right angles at their left edge, whereby the short-circuit connections KS1, KS2 are formed directly on the radiator surfaces S1, S2. These short-circuit connections KS1, KS2 are soldered to the base area GP or connected in a different way.
- the impedance elements Z1, Z2 can be used for mechanical support of the antenna sheets in their relative to the FIG. 2 used in right-hand areas.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein planares Antennensystem, mit einer durch eine erste leitfähige Schicht einer Leiterplatte ausgebildeten Grundfläche (GP), mit einer parallel über der Grundfläche (GP) angeordneten ersten Strahlerfläche (S1), welche mit einer Seite mittels einer ersten Kurzschlussverbindung (KS1) leitend mit der Grundfläche (GP) verbunden ist, und welche einen Speisepunkt (SP) zum Anschluss einer Hochfrequenzschaltung aufweist. Dabei ist parallel über der Grundfläche (GP) neben der ersten Strahlerfläche (S1) eine mit dieser strahlungsgekoppelte zweite Strahlerfläche (S2) angeordnet, wobei eine Seite der zweiten Strahlerfläche (S2) mittels einer zweiten Kurzschlussverbindung (KS2) mit der Grundfläche (GP) verbunden ist. Ein solches planares Antennensystem ist besonders kompakt und flachbauend aufzubauen und konstruktiv einfach herzustellen. Ein solches Antennensystem lässt sich breitbandig mit einem flachen Frequenzgang abstimmen.The invention relates to a planar antenna system, with a base area (GP) formed by a first conductive layer of a printed circuit board, with a first radiator area (S1) arranged in parallel above the base area (GP), which is conductive on one side by means of a first short-circuit connection (KS1) is connected to the base (GP) and which has a feed point (SP) for connecting a high-frequency circuit. In this case, a second radiator surface (S2) coupled to the radiation is arranged parallel to the base radiator (GP) next to the first radiator surface (S1), one side of the second radiator surface (S2) being connected to the base surface (GP) by means of a second short-circuit connection (KS2) is. Such a planar antenna system has a particularly compact and flat construction and is structurally simple to manufacture. Such an antenna system can be tuned broadband with a flat frequency response.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein planares Antennensystem mit einer durch eine leitfähige Schicht einer Leiterplatte ausgebildeten Grundfläche gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a planar antenna system having a base area formed by a conductive layer of a printed circuit board according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Sowohl im industriellen Bereich als auch im Consumer-Bereich werden Geräte häufig zum Zwecke der Sprach- und Datenkommunikation mit Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen versehen, die im UHF-Bereich arbeiten. Beispiele für solche Geräte sind Mobiltelefone, insbesondere GSM-Mobiltelefone, aber auch industrielle Automatisierungs-Komponenten, insbesondere RFID-Lesegeräte und per Funk angebundene Sensoren. Die Antennen der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen in industriellen Anwendungen erfordern einen möglichst kleinen "Formfaktor", das heißt, dass diese möglichst klein und insbesondere möglichst flachbauend konstruiert sein sollen. Zudem soll der Aufbau mechanisch robust ausgeführt sein. Eine weitere, wichtige Anforderung ist die Funktionsfähigkeit sowohl auf nichtleitenden, als auch auf metallischen Montageoberflächen. Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt ist die Bandbreite, wobei je nach Funkstandard (GSM, WLAN, o.ä.) weite Frequenzbereiche abgedeckt sein müssen.Both in the industrial sector and in the consumer sector devices are often provided for the purpose of voice and data communication with transmitting and receiving devices that work in the UHF range. Examples of such devices are mobile phones, in particular GSM mobile phones, but also industrial automation components, in particular RFID readers and sensors connected by radio. The antennas of the transmitting and receiving devices in industrial applications require the smallest possible "form factor", that is, that they should be constructed as small as possible and in particular as flat as possible. In addition, the structure should be made mechanically robust. Another important requirement is the ability to function on both non-conductive and metallic mounting surfaces. Another important aspect is the bandwidth, whereby, depending on the radio standard (GSM, WLAN, etc.), wide frequency ranges must be covered.
Für die beschriebenen Anforderungen werden im Stand der Technik häufig sog. "PIFA-Antennen" (PIFA = planar inverted F-Antenna) eingesetzt, weil diese nur wenig Bauraum beanspruchen und besonders flachbauend ausgeführt sein können. Obwohl andere Antennen-Typen das Erfordernis der Funktionsfähigkeit in einem weiten Frequenzbereich (hohe Bandbreite) oft besser erfüllen können, wird dennoch häufig auf das Konstruktionsprinzip der PIFA-Antenne zurückgegriffen, weil alternative Konstruktionen für die oft sehr stark miniaturisierten Geräte zu viel Platz beanspruchen. Zudem ist die Funktionsfähigkeit der Antennen und damit der Geräte auf metallischen Untergründen überwiegend nur beim Einsatz von planaren Antennen gewährleistet.For the requirements described so-called. "PIFA antennas" (PIFA = planar inverted F antenna) are often used in the art, because they require little space and can be designed particularly flat. Although other types of antennas can often better meet the requirement for operability in a wide frequency range (high bandwidth), the design principle of the PIFA antenna is often resorted to because alternative constructions take up too much space for the often highly miniaturized devices. In addition, the functionality of the antennas and thus the devices on metallic substrates predominantly guaranteed only when using planar antennas.
Der Nachteil, dass die bekannten planaren Antennen, insbesondere die PIFA-Antenne, einen vergleichsweise geringen Frequenzbereich abdecken, wird im Stand der Technik oft dadurch umgangen, dass eine Mehrzahl von Antennen, ein sog. Antennen-Array, aufgebaut wird, bei dem die Erweiterung des Frequenzbereiches durch die Kopplung zweier nahezu identischer Einzelsysteme vorgenommen wird. Der Kopplungsfaktor und die Resonanzfrequenzen der Einzelsysteme bestimmen dabei das Verhalten des Gesamtsystems. Dabei treten jedoch konstruktionsbedingt einige Nachteile auf; unter anderem ist die elektrische Ankopplung eines zweiten Antennensystems nicht trivial. Weiter ist es aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, die Strahlungsfläche einer planaren Antenne ("Patch-Antenne") mit L-oder U-förmigen Unterbrechungen (Schlitzen) zu versehen, um die Ausprägung verschiedener Schwingungs-Moden zu ermöglichen, um somit die Bandbreite der Antenne zu erhöhen. Alle diese bekannten Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Bandbreite einer Antenne bzw. eines Antennensystems haben jedoch zum Nachteil, dass der Antennen-Gewinn beim Betrieb der Antenne in den entsprechenden Resonanzfrequenzen zwar sehr gut ist, außerhalb dieser Maxima jedoch weniger gut ist, so dass sich kein linearer Verlauf des Antennen-Gewinns, also des Frequenzzugangs, im Bereich der genutzten Bandbreite ergibt.The disadvantage that the known planar antennas, in particular the PIFA antenna, cover a comparatively small frequency range is often circumvented in the prior art in that a plurality of antennas, a so-called antenna array, is set up, in which the extension the frequency range is made by the coupling of two nearly identical individual systems. The coupling factor and the resonance frequencies of the individual systems thereby determine the behavior of the overall system. However, due to the design, some disadvantages occur; Among other things, the electrical coupling of a second antenna system is not trivial. Furthermore, it is known from the prior art to provide the radiation surface of a planar antenna ("patch antenna") with L-shaped or U-shaped interruptions (slits) in order to enable the expression of different oscillation modes, and thus the bandwidth to increase the antenna. However, all these known methods for increasing the bandwidth of an antenna or an antenna system have the disadvantage that the antenna gain in the operation of the antenna in the corresponding resonance frequencies is very good, but outside of these maxima is less good, so that no linear History of the antenna gain, ie the frequency access, in the range of bandwidth used results.
Es ist also eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine planare Antenne bzw. ein planares Antennensystem vorzuschlagen, welches zum Einen konstruktiv einfach, preisgünstig und flachbauend aufzubauen ist, und zum Anderen einen weiten nutzbaren Frequenzbereich aufweist.It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose a planar antenna or a planar antenna system, which on the one hand constructively simple, inexpensive and flat construction, and on the other hand has a wide usable frequency range.
Es ist ein zentraler Gedanke bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung der Aufgabe, ein Antennensystem mit zwei planaren Strahlern mit Hilfe einer gedruckten Schaltung (PCB = Printed Circuit Board) aufzubauen, wobei durch die Integration und die Kopplung zweier Einzel-Antennensysteme ein Betrieb in einem großen Frequenzbereich möglich ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist das zweite Antennenelement im Gegensatz zu dem ersten Antennenelement nicht direkt gespeist, sondern an diesem strahlungsgekoppelt. Durch eine trapezförmige Ausgestaltung des zweiten Antennenelementes kann die Bandbreite weiter erhöht werden, wobei ausgeprägte Maxima und Minima vermieden oder verringert werden.It is a central idea in the inventive solution of the task to build an antenna system with two planar radiators by means of a printed circuit board (PCB = Printed Circuit Board), wherein the integration and the coupling of two individual antenna systems operation in a large Frequency range is possible. According to the invention, the second antenna element, in contrast to the first antenna element is not fed directly, but at this radiation coupled. By a trapezoidal configuration of the second antenna element, the bandwidth can be further increased, with pronounced maxima and minima are avoided or reduced.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe sieht insbesondere ein planares Antennensystem mit einer durch eine erste leitfähige Schicht einer Leiterplatte ausgebildeten Grundfläche vor, mit einer parallel über der Grundfläche angeordneten ersten Strahlerfläche, welche mit einer Seite mittels einer Kurzschlussverbindung leitend mit der Grundfläche verbunden ist und welche einen Speisepunkt zum Anschluss einer Hochfrequenzschaltung aufweist. Dabei ist parallel über der Grundfläche der ersten Strahlerfläche eine mit dieser strahlungsgekoppelte zweite Strahlerfläche angeordnet, wobei eine Seite der zweiten Strahlerfläche mittels einer zweiten Kurzschlussverbindung mit der Grundfläche verbunden ist. Damit wird ein flachbauendes, kompaktes Antennensystem vorgeschlagen, welches im Vergleich zu den bekannten Antennen und Antennensystemen eine hohe Bandbreite aufweist und welches durch die den beiden Strahlerflächen gemeinsame Grundfläche einen Betrieb sowohl auf metallischen/leitenden als auch auf nicht-metallischen / nicht leitenden Untergründen (Montageflächen) ohne wesentliche Änderung der Hochfrequenzeigenschaften gestattet. Zudem ist durch den Aufbau als Bestandteil einer Leiterplatte das Antennensystem zum Einen kostengünstig herzustellen und zum Anderen leicht in eine Hochfrequenzschaltung zu integrieren bzw. mit einer solchen zu kombinieren.The object is achieved in particular by a planar antenna system with a base area formed by a first conductive layer of a printed circuit board, with a first radiator surface arranged parallel to the base surface, which is conductively connected to the base area by means of a short circuit connection and which feeds a feed point Connection of a high-frequency circuit has. In this case, a second radiator surface coupled with this radiation-coupled second radiator surface is arranged in parallel over the base surface of the first radiator surface, wherein one side of the second radiator surface is connected by means of a second short-circuit connection with the base surface. Thus, a flat-building, compact antenna system is proposed, which in comparison to the known antennas and antenna systems has a high bandwidth and which by the two radiator surfaces common base operation on both metallic / conductive and on non-metallic / non-conductive substrates (mounting surfaces ) without significant change in high frequency characteristics. In addition, the antenna system on the one hand to produce a cost-effective and on the other hand easy to integrate in a high-frequency circuit or to combine with such by the structure as part of a circuit board.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Antennensystems sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the antenna system according to the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Die Strahlungsleistung der Antenne wird weiter verbessert, wenn die erste und die zweite Kurzschlussverbindung im Wesentlichen auf derselben Linie angeordnet sind. Für den Fall, dass die Grundfläche von einer ersten Schicht (Layer) der Leiterplatte gebildet ist und die Strahlerflächen durch eine weitere, zweite Schicht (Layer) derselben Leiterplatte gebildet werden, stellt eine Reihe von Durchkontaktierungen eine besonders effektive und preiswerte Art der Kurzschlussverbindung dar. In einem solchen Fall beeinflussen die Hochfrequenz-Eigenschaften des Trägermaterials, welches zwischen der Grundfläche und den Strahlerflächen "eingebettet" ist, die Verluste während des Betriebs, so dass es von Vorteil ist, als Trägermaterial ein besonders verlust-günstiges Material zu wählen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, zumindest in dem Bereich zwischen den Strahlerflächen und der Grundfläche eine Aussparung im Trägermaterial vorzusehen, so dass die Verluste weiter verringert werden. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform können die Strahlerflächen auch durch separat aufzubringende Bleche (Formbleche) gebildet werden, so dass die Dicke der Leiterplatte nicht an den erforderlichen Abstand zwischen der Grundfläche und der Strahlerflächen angepasst werden muss. Durch Wahl einer dünnen Leiterplatte (Substrat) bzw. einer Folien-Leiterplatte ergibt sich dann eine Konstruktion, bei der der Bereich zwischen der Grundfläche und den Strahlerflächen zu einem hohen Anteil aus einer Luftschicht besteht, wodurch die Verluste, die durch das Trägermaterial bedingt sind, weiter verringert werden. In einer weiteren, alternativen Ausführungsform der Variante, in der Bleche eingesetzt werden, kann im Bereich der Strahlerflächen ganz auf Trägermaterial verzichtet werden. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Variante stellt dabei die Montage der Trägerbleche auf die Seite der Grundfläche der Leiterplatte dar.The radiation power of the antenna is further improved when the first and second short-circuit connections are arranged substantially on the same line. In the case, the base area is formed by a first layer of the printed circuit board and the emitter areas are formed by a further, second layer of the same printed circuit board, a series of plated-through holes represents a particularly effective and inexpensive type of short-circuit connection. In such a case influence the high-frequency properties of the carrier material, which is "embedded" between the base and the radiator surfaces, the losses during operation, so that it is advantageous to choose as the carrier material is a particularly loss-prone material. It is particularly advantageous to provide a recess in the carrier material, at least in the area between the radiator surfaces and the base area, so that the losses are further reduced. In an alternative embodiment, the radiator surfaces can also be formed by separately applied sheets (shaped sheets), so that the thickness of the printed circuit board does not have to be adapted to the required distance between the base surface and the radiator surfaces. By choosing a thin printed circuit board (substrate) or a foil printed circuit board then results in a construction in which the area between the base and the radiator surfaces consists to a large extent of an air layer, whereby the losses caused by the carrier material, be further reduced. In a further, alternative embodiment of the variant in which sheets are used, carrier material can be completely dispensed with in the area of the radiator surfaces. A particularly advantageous variant is the mounting of the carrier plates on the side of the base of the circuit board.
Wie bei den planaren Antennen und Antennensystemen aus dem Stand der Technik ergeben sich auch bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Antennensystem die Hochfrequenzeigenschaften in erster Linie aus den geometrischen Abmessungen der Strahlerflächen und dem Abstand der Strahlerflächen zu der Grundfläche. Durch eine Beschaltung mit konzentrierten Elementen (R, C, L) bzw. damit realisierten Impedanzgliedern lässt sich das Antennensystem abstimmen, ohne eine Änderung der Strahler, also der Geometrien, vornehmen zu müssen. Vorzugsweise wird sowohl die erste, direkt gespeiste Strahlerfläche als auch die strahlungsgekoppelte zweite Strahlerfläche mit je einem Impedanzglied versehen.As in the case of the planar antennas and antenna systems of the prior art, the high-frequency characteristics also arise in the antenna system according to the invention primarily from the geometric dimensions of the radiator surfaces and the distance between the radiator surfaces and the base surface. By wiring with lumped elements (R, C, L) or realized impedance elements, the antenna system can be tuned without changing the radiators, ie the geometries, to have to make. Preferably, both the first, directly fed emitter surface and the radiation-coupled second emitter surface are each provided with an impedance element.
Durch eine trapezförmige Ausgestaltung der zweiten Strahlerfläche ergibt sich eine besonders breitbandige Verwendbarkeit des Antennensystems; in den Fällen, in denen eine schmalbandige Anwendung gegeben ist, kann die zweite Strahlerfläche auch rechteckig ausgeführt sein, was eine Sonderform des Trapezes darstellt.By a trapezoidal configuration of the second radiator surface results in a particularly broadband usability of the antenna system; in cases where a narrow band application is given, the second radiator surface may also be rectangular, which is a special form of the trapezoid.
Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Antennensystems sind nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben.Embodiments of the antenna system according to the invention are described below with reference to the drawings.
Dabei zeigt:
- Figur 1
- ein planares Antennensystem, bei dem die Strahlerflächen durch eine Schicht einer Leiterplatte gebildet sind, und
- Figur 2
- ein planares Antennensystem, bei dem die Strahlerfläche durch auf die Leiterplatte ausgebrachte Formbleche gebildet sind.
- FIG. 1
- a planar antenna system in which the radiator surfaces are formed by a layer of a printed circuit board, and
- FIG. 2
- a planar antenna system in which the radiator surface are formed by discharged to the circuit board form sheets.
In der
Bezogen auf die Darstellung in der
Die Strahlerflächen S1, S2 sind mit ihren bezogen auf die Zeichnung linken Seiten mit der Grundfläche GP elektrisch leitend verbunden. Dies kann, wie dargestellt, durch senkrecht in die Leiterplatte eingelassene Streifen aus leitfähigem Material (z.B. Kupferblech), die Kurzschlussverbindungen KS1, KS2, realisiert sein, welche durch Löten oder eine andere Verbindungstechnik jeweils mit der Grundfläche GP und den Strahlerflächen S1, S2 leitfähig verbunden sind. In einer alternativen, hier nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform können die elektrisch leitenden Verbindungen auch durch jeweils eine Reihe von Durchkontaktierungen realisiert sein.The radiator surfaces S1, S2 are electrically connected to their bases with respect to the drawing with the base GP. As shown, this can be realized by strips of conductive material (eg copper sheet) vertically embedded in the printed circuit board, the short-circuit connections KS1, KS2, which are conductively connected to the base area GP and the radiator surfaces S1, S2 by soldering or another connection technique are. In an alternative embodiment, not shown here, the electrically conductive connections can also be realized by a number of plated-through holes in each case.
Die Strahlerfläche S1 ist mit einem Speisepunkt SP versehen, der, beispielsweise mittels eines koaxialen Leiters, mit einer hier nicht dargestellten Hochfrequenzschaltung (Sender, Empfänger) verbunden ist. Die Strahlerfläche S2 weist keinen solchen Speisepunkt auf, weil die Strahlerfläche S2 mit der Strahlerfläche S1 strahlungsgekoppelt ist. Die Strahlerfläche S1 ist mit einem Impedanzglied Z1 an die Grundfläche GP gekoppelt, wobei das Impedanzglied Z1 aus den bekannten passiven Bauelementen (L, C, R) bestehen kann. Das Impedanzglied Z1 wird dabei, neben der passenden Wahl der Geometrien der Antennenflächen (Strahlerfläche S1, S2; Abstand der Strahlerflächen S1, S2 zur Grundfläche GP) zur Abstimmung des Antennensystems verwendet. In gleicher Weise ist ein zweites Impedanzglied Z2 elektrisch zwischen der Strahlerfläche S2 und der Grundfläche GP angeordnet. Die Anschlusspunkte der Impedanzglieder Z1, Z2 sind bevorzugt an einem von den Kurzschlussverbindungen KS1, KS2 jeweils entfernten Ende der Strahlerflächen S1, S2 angekoppelt. Die Geometrie der Verjüngung V, also insbesondere der Grundwinkel der dreieckigen Aussparung der Strahlerfläche S2, hat direkten Einfluss auf die Brandbreite des planaren Antennensystems, also auf den nutzbaren Frequenzbereich.The emitter surface S1 is provided with a feeding point SP, which, for example by means of a coaxial conductor, is connected to a high frequency circuit (transmitter, receiver), not shown here. The emitter surface S2 has no such feed point because the emitter surface S2 is radiation-coupled to the emitter surface S1. The radiator surface S1 is coupled to the base area GP with an impedance element Z1, wherein the impedance element Z1 can consist of the known passive components (L, C, R). The impedance element Z1 is used in addition to the appropriate choice of the geometries of the antenna surfaces (radiator surface S1, S2, distance of the radiator surfaces S1, S2 to the base GP) for tuning the antenna system. In the same way, a second impedance element Z2 is arranged electrically between the radiating surface S2 and the base GP. The connection points of the impedance elements Z1, Z2 are preferably coupled to one of the short-circuit connections KS1, KS2 respectively remote end of the radiator surfaces S1, S2. The geometry of the taper V, ie in particular the basic angle of the triangular recess of the radiator surface S2, has a direct influence on the bandwidth of the planar antenna system, ie on the usable frequency range.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform des planaren Antennensystems aus der
In der
In einem zweiten Unterschied des planaren Antennensystems aus der
Claims (12)
mit einer durch eine erste leitfähige Schicht einer Leiterplatte ausgebildeten Grundfläche (GP),
mit einer parallel über der Grundfläche (GP) angeordneten ersten Strahlerfläche (S1), welche mit einer Seite mittels einer ersten Kurzschlussverbindung (KS1) leitend mit der Grundfläche (GP) verbunden ist, und welche einen Speisepunkt (SP) zum Anschluss einer Hochfrequenzschaltung aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass parallel über der Grundfläche (GP) neben der ersten Strahlerfläche (S1) eine mit dieser strahlungsgekoppelte zweite Strahlerfläche (S2) angeordnet ist, wobei eine Seite der zweiten Strahlerfläche (S2) mittels einer zweiten Kurzschlussverbindung (KS2) mit der Grundfläche (GP) verbunden ist.Planar antenna system,
with a base area (GP) formed by a first conductive layer of a printed circuit board,
with a first radiator surface (S1), which is arranged parallel to the base (GP) and is conductively connected to the base (GP) by means of a first short-circuit connection (KS1) and which has a feed point (SP) for connecting a high-frequency circuit,
characterized,
in that, parallel to the base surface (GP), a second radiator surface (S2) coupled with this radiation is arranged parallel to the base surface (S1), one side of the second radiator surface (S2) being connected to the base surface (GP) by means of a second short-circuit connection (KS2) is.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die erste und die zweite Kurzschlussverbindung (KS2) im Wesentlichen auf derselben Linie angeordnet sind.Planar antenna system according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the first and the second short-circuit connection (KS2) are arranged substantially on the same line.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die erste Strahlerfläche (S1) im Wesentlichen rechteckig ist.Planar antenna system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the first radiator surface (S1) is substantially rectangular.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die zweite Strahlerfläche (S2) im Wesentlichen trapezförmig ist.Planar antenna system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the second radiation plane (S2) is substantially trapezoidal.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die erste Strahlerfläche (S1) über ein erstes Impedanzglied (Z1) mit der Grundfläche (GP) verbunden ist.Planar antenna system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the first radiator surface (S1) via a first impedance element (Z1) to the ground plane (GP) is connected.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das erste Impedanzglied (Z1) an einem der Kurzschlussverbindung (KS1, KS2) gegenüberliegenden Bereich der ersten Strahlerfläche (S1) angeschlossen ist.Planar antenna system according to claim 5,
characterized,
in that the first impedance element (Z1) is connected to a region of the first radiator surface (S1) which is opposite the short-circuit connection (KS1, KS2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die zweite Strahlerfläche (S2) über ein zweites Impedanzglied (Z2) mit der Grundfläche (GP) verbunden ist.Planar antenna system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the second radiation plane (S2) via a second impedance element (Z2) with the base (GP) is connected.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das zweite Impedanzglied (Z2) an einem der Kurzschlussverbindung (KS2) gegenüberliegenden Bereich der zweiten Strahlerfläche (S2) angeschlossen ist.Planar antenna system according to claim 7,
characterized,
in that the second impedance element (Z2) is connected to a region of the second radiator surface (S2) which is opposite the short-circuit connection (KS2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die erste (S1) und die zweite Strahlungsfläche (S2) von einer zweiten leitfähigen Schicht der Leiterplatte gebildet sind.Planar antenna system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the first (S1) and the second radiation area (S2) are formed by a second conductive layer of the printed circuit board.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass ein Trägermaterial der Leiterplatte zwischen der Grundfläche (GP) und der ersten (S1) und der zweiten Strahlungsfläche (S2) jeweils eine Aussparung aufweist, wobei die Aussparung die Fläche der jeweils darüber angeordneten Strahlerfläche betrifft.Planar antenna system according to claim 9,
characterized,
that a carrier material of the conductor plate between the base (GP) and the first (S1) and the second radiation plane (S2) each having a recess, said recess relates to the area of the arranged above each emitter surface.
Patentansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die erste und/oder die zweite Kurzschlussverbindung (KS1, KS2) aus einer Reihe von Durchkontaktierungen der Leiterplatte besteht.Planar antenna system according to one of the preceding
claims,
characterized,
in that the first and / or the second short-circuit connection (KS1, KS2) consists of a series of plated-through holes of the printed circuit board.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die erste und die zweite Strahlerfläche (S2) durch jeweils ein über der Leiterplatte angeordnetes Blech gebildet ist.Planar antenna system according to one of the claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
that the first and the second emitter surface (S2) is formed by in each case one is arranged on the circuit board plate.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10002812A EP2367233A1 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | Planar antenna system |
| CN2011100644255A CN102195142A (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-03-17 | Planar antenna system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10002812A EP2367233A1 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | Planar antenna system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2367233A1 true EP2367233A1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
Family
ID=42102135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10002812A Withdrawn EP2367233A1 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | Planar antenna system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2367233A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102195142A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016178496A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-10-06 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | ANTENNA DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE HAVING THE SAME |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103390796B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2016-03-09 | 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司 | A kind of mobile phone terminal antenna |
| CN104078764B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2017-04-05 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of ultra broadband low-frequency range deformation PIFA for being applied to body area network |
| CN105703075A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 国基电子(上海)有限公司 | Near-field communication antenna |
| DE102016206342A1 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-19 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Cooking appliance with an area antenna and method for operating a cooking appliance |
| CN113659344A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-11-16 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | A patch antenna and electronic device based on parasitic coupling |
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| WO2001028035A1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-19 | Arc Wireless Solutions, Inc. | Compact dual narrow band microstrip antenna |
| WO2002019464A2 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-07 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | An antenna device |
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| CN102195142A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
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