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EP2366759A1 - Procédés et dispositifs d'extraction d'hydrocarbures de sable oléagineux - Google Patents

Procédés et dispositifs d'extraction d'hydrocarbures de sable oléagineux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2366759A1
EP2366759A1 EP10156735A EP10156735A EP2366759A1 EP 2366759 A1 EP2366759 A1 EP 2366759A1 EP 10156735 A EP10156735 A EP 10156735A EP 10156735 A EP10156735 A EP 10156735A EP 2366759 A1 EP2366759 A1 EP 2366759A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suspension
extractant
filter
filter cake
hydrocarbons
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10156735A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Urs Peuker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP10156735A priority Critical patent/EP2366759A1/fr
Priority to US13/039,402 priority patent/US8871083B2/en
Priority to CA 2734067 priority patent/CA2734067A1/fr
Publication of EP2366759A1 publication Critical patent/EP2366759A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and apparatus for the extraction of hydrocarbons from oil sands.
  • An oil sands are usually a mixture of clay, silicates, water and hydrocarbons.
  • the oil phase of various hydrocarbons contained in oil sands of up to about 18% has a very different, often degradation region-specific composition, which may include bitumen, crude oil and asphalt.
  • the treatment of oil sand is carried out with the aim of separating the rock or sand fraction comprising clay substance and silicates from the actual valuable substance, ie the oil phase comprising the hydrocarbons.
  • the US 4,240,897 describes a method for extraction of bitumen from oil sands by means of hot water.
  • the DE 10 2007 039 453 A1 describes a method for recovering bitumen from oil sand-water mixtures by means of flotation.
  • oil sands are mixed with caustic soda, thus mobilizing the oil phase.
  • phase separation aqueous-oily primarily by flotation.
  • the remaining rock or sand content after extraction still contains up to 10% of the oil phase, which is partly adsorptively bound to the surface of the ultrafine particles.
  • the US 4,968,412 describes a two-stage process for the removal of bitumen from oil sands, in which in a first step, an addition of organic solvent and a separation of the clay substance take place. In a second step, a washing of the treated oil sands with water is carried out with addition of surfactant.
  • the US 2008/0060978 A1 describes a process for the extraction of hydrocarbons from oil sands, in which the oil sands are mixed with organic solvents and fed to a centrifugal separator.
  • a problem in the extraction of hydrocarbons from oil sands with the help of organic solvents is, inter alia, in the treatment of the separated, still solvent-containing rock or sand fraction.
  • the methods and apparatus of the invention enable a highly effective extraction process in which at least 85 to 98% of the hydrocarbons contained in the oil sands can be separated.
  • the devices according to the invention are readily interpretable in an order of magnitude, so that a recovery of at least 100,000 barrels of oil phase per day is possible.
  • the separated rock and sand fraction, containing clay substance is essentially free of extractants and oil phase and can usually be backfilled directly into the soil at the place where the oil sands are mined. This is particularly cost-effective, environmentally friendly and saves storage space.
  • step a2) of the second method at least one additive is added to influence a settling behavior of particles contained in the first suspension.
  • a thickener is preferably added. This will cause the settling of particles supported in the suspension or the rock or sand fraction including the clay substance of the oil sands.
  • the expulsion of a residual amount of extract phase or second extract phase from the filter cake in step c) or step c1) of the two methods is carried out by water vapor is forced through the filter cake.
  • Such a procedure is also referred to in the literature as steam pressure filtration.
  • the filter cake comprising the rock or sand fraction of the oil sands, is freed by pressing the water vapor of organic extractant and expelled therein dissolved amount of hydrocarbons or oil phase with the extractant. This increases the yield of hydrocarbons or improves the degree of separation to about 95 to 98%, which characterizes the separation success.
  • the thickness of the filter cake to be treated in this way is preferably in the range from 2 to 100 mm, preferably in the range from 5 to 25 mm.
  • the treated filter cake is then free of organic solvents and volatile hydrocarbons and can be used directly, e.g. in the area of the mining site of the oil sands, are backfilled into the soil. Separate storage of the separated rock or sand fraction deleted. Only a small proportion of low-volatility hydrocarbons may still be present.
  • the first unit of the devices according to the invention is preferably designed as a vapor deposition unit for carrying out steps c) or c1) of the methods.
  • the vapor deposition unit is arranged integrated in a preferred embodiment of the invention in the filter apparatus. As a result, a space-saving and resource-saving arrangement is achieved.
  • the filter cake in step c) or c1) of the two methods may also be by vacuum drying or hot steam stripping.
  • this is less efficient than the above-described treatment of the filter cake by means of a vapor pressure filtration.
  • the filter apparatus preferably comprises a continuous filter, in particular in the form of a rotary filter.
  • the rotary filter is in particular a disc or drum filter.
  • the rotary filter is equipped with a vapor deposition unit in the form of a steam hood.
  • the first extractant which is suspended with the oil sand
  • a mixture of at least two different organic solvents is preferably used. Particular preference is given here to mixtures comprising at least two organic solvents from the group of toluene, benzene, Heptane and hexane, but also other organic solvents can be used here.
  • a pure organic solvent preferably in the form of toluene or heptane, may alternatively be used together with the oil sand to form the suspension or first suspension.
  • technical solvents such as paraffin, naphtha, gasoline or kerosene with production-related fluctuating chemical composition.
  • the filter cake is subjected to a first washing step between steps c) and d) or steps c1) and d1), the filter cake being washed with at least one organic second extractant.
  • the chemical composition of the first extractant and the at least one second extractant is preferably different.
  • the chemical compositions of the first extractant and optionally of the at least one second extractant are preferably adjusted depending on a content of the oil sands of molecules containing ⁇ 10 carbon atoms, in particular bulky molecules from the group of cycloalkanes and / or naphthenic acids and / or asphaltenes.
  • the device according to the invention preferably has an analysis device for determining the content of the oil sands of such molecules, which is connected to a control device for adjusting the chemical composition of the first extractant and optionally of the at least one second extractant depending on the particular content.
  • the control device transmits a corresponding control signal to the first metering device and optionally the further or third metering device.
  • Performing the first washing step improves the extraction efficiency. It is unproblematic if the first extractant and the at least one second extractant are of different composition.
  • the at least one second extraction agent is completely soluble in the first extractant.
  • the second extraction agent used is preferably a mixture of at least two different organic solvents.
  • the filter cake is preferably washed during the first washing step in chronological succession with differing in their chemical composition second extractants.
  • the second extractants preferably comprise organic solvents differing in their boiling temperatures, a concentration of that solvent, which has a lowest boiling temperature in comparison with the other solvents, in each case increasing in the second extractants used in succession.
  • the proportion of volatile solvents in the second extractant increases. This allows a particularly effective leaching of low-volatility solvents and hydrocarbons from the filter cake.
  • the filter cake between the first washing step and the step d) or d1) is subjected to a second washing step, wherein the filter cake with at least one organic third extractant from an organic Solvent is washed, which has a lower boiling temperature than water.
  • the filter cake with at least one organic third extractant from an organic Solvent is washed, which has a lower boiling temperature than water.
  • it preferably also has a lower boiling temperature than the first extractant and optionally the at least one second extractant. This can further increase the efficiency of the extraction.
  • the third extractant can be removed particularly effectively from the filter cake due to its boiling point below that of water, in particular by means of a vapor pressure filtration.
  • step d) of the first method a separation of the hydrocarbons from the extract phase or, after step d1) of the second method, a separation of the hydrocarbons from the first and the second extract phase takes place in particular.
  • a remaining liquid mixture is processed by the contained organic solvents separated by type and used to form the first extractant and / or the at least one second extractant and / or the third extractant.
  • the organic solvents used for the extraction and formation of the various extractants are therefore individually recycled and reused in the extraction process.
  • the devices preferably comprise at least one treatment plant for processing the after separation of the Hydrocarbons from the extract phase or the first and the second extract phase remaining liquid mixture. It is further preferred if at least one recirculation device for returning at least one organic solvent separated from the liquid mixture to at least one of the metering devices is present.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a method and apparatus using vapor pressure filtration.
  • a suspension 3 is prepared from oil sands 1 and an organic first extractant 2a.
  • the first extraction agent 2a is provided via a first metering device 20a, which produces a mixture of organic solvents 2, here, for example, inter alia, toluene and heptane, in the desired mixing ratio.
  • the oil sand 1 and the first extractant 2a are suspended in a mixer 21.
  • the formed suspension 3 is transferred to a filter apparatus 25 for carrying out a vapor pressure filtration.
  • the structure of a possible filter apparatus 25 for performing a vapor pressure filtration is in the cross section of FIG. 3 refer to.
  • the filter apparatus can also be designed as a hyperbaric filter.
  • the filter apparatus 25 comprises a basin 25c for receiving the suspension 3 and a drum covered with filter cloth 25e, that is to say a drum filter 25a, with a plurality of mutually separate filter chambers.
  • the drum filter 25a is rotated in the direction of the arrow about a drum axis 25d, whereby at least in a part of the filter chambers a pressure prevails which is lower than that above the filter cloth 25e.
  • the filter cake 25b comprises filterable particles of the suspension 3, ie, clay substance agglomerates 11a and other particles of the rock and sand fraction 11b.
  • a major amount of extract phase 5 comprising a first amount of hydrocarbons and first extraction agent 2a is separated and removed from the filter chambers in the area of the drum axis 25d.
  • the drum filter 25a continuously rotates, so that the filter cake 25d emerges from the suspension 3.
  • a first washing step takes place on the filter cake 25b, in which at least one organic second extraction agent 2b, here for example toluene and heptane, is applied to the filter cake 25b on a side facing away from the filter fabric 25e.
  • the second extraction means 2b displaces an amount of extract phase 5 comprising the first extraction means 2a from the open pore space of the filter cake 25b.
  • a second extraction agent 2b is shown, which is applied to the filter cake 25b.
  • several different second extraction means 2b are preferably applied to the filter cake 25b in succession.
  • a second washing step is preferably carried out, in which the filter cake 25b is acted upon on its side remote from the filter fabric 25e by a third extraction agent 2c, here for example pure hexane or heptane.
  • a third extraction agent 2c here for example pure hexane or heptane.
  • the third extraction means 2c displaces an amount of extract phase 5 comprising the second extraction means 2b from the open pore space of the filter cake 25b.
  • a first unit 26 is integrated in the form of a vapor deposition unit.
  • the vaporization unit comprises a steam hood, which surrounds a part of the drum filter 25a. Steam 8 is introduced into the steam hood over the filter cake 25b and sucked through it. In this case, an amount of extract phase 5, which is still in the filter cake, is removed, including the third extractant 2c. The water vapor 8 is forced through the filter cake 25b and the filter cake 25b of extract phase 5 comprising the third extractant freed.
  • extract phase 5 penetrating into the filter chambers are collected in the region of the drum axis 25d and removed from the filter apparatus 25 by means of a second unit, not shown here in detail, for example in the form of a tube.
  • a filter residue 25b 'remains a substantially dehumidified, solvent-free filter cake, which is removed from the filter fabric 25e, for example by compressed air and / or a mechanical wiper and e.g. can be backfilled at the mining site of the oil sands 1 into the soil.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows another method and another device using a vapor pressure filtration.
  • a first suspension 3 ' is produced from oil sands 1 and an organic first extraction agent 2a.
  • the first extraction agent 2a is provided via a first metering device 20a, which generates a mixture of organic solvents 2, here inter alia, for example, toluene and heptane, in the desired mixing ratio.
  • the mixing ratio is predetermined by a control device 29.
  • the control device 29 receives the desired value for the mixing ratio of an analysis device 28, which at regular intervals performs a sampling 28a on the oil sands 1 and a chemical analysis of the oil sands 1.
  • the analysis device 28 determines an optimal composition for the first extraction agent 2a and sends a corresponding signal to the control device 29, which causes the first metering device 20a, the first extraction means 2a in provide the determined composition and mix the oil sands 1. This prevents the bulky molecules from forming gel-like compounds with a solvent 2 from the first extractant 2a, which are difficult to extract.
  • the oil sand 1 and the first extractant 2a are suspended in a mixer 21.
  • the formed first suspension 3 ' is transferred with the addition of an additive 4 in a settling tank 22.
  • the additive 4 is formed by a thickening agent, which is metered into the suspension 3 'by means of a second metering device 20b.
  • particles of the first suspension 3 ' are deposited by sedimentation.
  • a first subset 3'a of the first suspension 3 ' is transferred from an upper region of the settling tank 22 into at least one sedimenting centrifuge, here in the form of a decanter 23, by means of which a first extract phase 5a comprising a first amount of extracted hydrocarbons 10 and the first Extraction agent 2a is separated from a residual phase 6.
  • a second suspension 7 comprising a second subset 3'b of the first suspension 3 'is formed from the lower region of the at least one sedimentation tank 22 and the remaining phase 6.
  • the second suspension 7 is placed in a filter apparatus 25, by means of which a filter cake 25b comprising filterable particles of the second suspension 7 is separated from a main amount of second extract phase 5b comprising a second amount of extracted hydrocarbons 10 and first extraction agent 2a. Furthermore, a residual amount of second extract phase 5b is expelled from the filter cake 25b.
  • steam pressure filtration also compare FIG. 3 and the associated description.
  • the at least one second extraction means 2b used for carrying out the first washing step and the third extraction means 2c used for carrying out the second washing step are metered onto at least one third metering device 20c onto the filter cake 25b to be washed (cf. FIG. 3 ).
  • the composition of the at least one second extraction agent is predetermined by the control device 29 as a function of the chemical analysis of the oil sands 1.
  • the composition of the at least one second extractant is preferably also changed and adjusted.
  • Second extraction agents 2b used successively during the first washing step preferably comprise organic solvents 2 differing in their boiling temperatures, a concentration of that solvent 2, which has a lowest boiling temperature in comparison to the other solvents 2, increasing in each case in the successively employed second extraction means 2b , In the course of the first washing step, the proportion of volatile solvents 2 in the second extractant 2b thus increases. This allows particularly effective leaching of low volatility hydrocarbons and solvents from the filter cake 25b and effective complete removal of the solvents from the filter cake 25b by vapor pressure filtration.
  • the second extract phase 5b which can be removed from the filter apparatus 25, is combined in a second unit 27 with the first extract phase 5a, which originates from the decanter 23, to the extract phase 5.
  • This is conveyed to a treatment plant 30, which separates the extracted from the oil sand 1 hydrocarbons 10 and separates the organic solvent 2 sorted.
  • the sorted recovered solvent 2 'can be supplied to the first metering device 20a or the third metering device 20c and used to form the desired extraction agent 2a, 2b, 2c.
  • solvents 2, 2 'can also be supplied to the second metering device 20b in order, for example, to mix or dissolve the additive 4 before adding it to the first suspension 3'. Remaining small amounts of waste from the treatment plant 30, such as. in the form of water 9, etc., are discharged separately.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a method and apparatus without the use of vapor pressure filtration.
  • the process sequence corresponds to the formation of the second suspension 7 in principle the in FIG. 2 shown.
  • Same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 denote the same elements.
  • an analysis device and a control device were dispensed with here. These are not necessary in particular if the composition of the processed oil sands 1 does not fluctuate or varies only slightly over a longer period of time. Also on the presentation of a treatment plant 30 and a return of the sorted recovered solvent 2 'was omitted here. This would be equally advantageous here.
  • the second suspension 7 is according to FIG. 4 a filter apparatus 25 'fed in the form of a vacuum filter press.
  • a main amount 5'b at the second extract phase 5b comprising extracted hydrocarbons and first extraction agent 2a is separated from a filter cake 25b.
  • the filter cake 25b is, optionally after performing a first washing step and possibly a second washing step, in transferred a first unit 26 in the form of a vacuum dryer.
  • the filter cake 25b is heated and evaporated still contained second extract phase and removed.
  • the resulting residue 25b 'comprising the rock or sand fraction containing clay substance is solvent-free and can be backfilled into the soil, for example directly at the place of decomposition of the oil sands 1.
  • the vaporized extractants and volatile extracted hydrocarbons are passed through a condenser 31 and fed as a residual amount 5 "b to the second extract phase 5b of the first extract phase 5a to form the extract phase 5.
  • the 1 to 4 merely show examples of possible methods and devices according to the invention.
  • a person skilled in the art will readily be able to operate several mixers and / or settling tanks in parallel and to arrange them only with a sedimenting centrifuge, in particular a decanter, and / or a filter apparatus.
  • a settling tank and a sedimenting centrifuge, in particular a decanter, several downstream filter apparatuses may be arranged downstream, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
EP10156735A 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Procédés et dispositifs d'extraction d'hydrocarbures de sable oléagineux Withdrawn EP2366759A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10156735A EP2366759A1 (fr) 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Procédés et dispositifs d'extraction d'hydrocarbures de sable oléagineux
US13/039,402 US8871083B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2011-03-03 Methods and devices for extracting hydrocarbons from oil sand
CA 2734067 CA2734067A1 (fr) 2010-03-17 2011-03-15 Procedes et dispositifs permettant l'extraction d'hydrocarbures a partir de sables bitumineux

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10156735A EP2366759A1 (fr) 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Procédés et dispositifs d'extraction d'hydrocarbures de sable oléagineux

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EP2366759A1 true EP2366759A1 (fr) 2011-09-21

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EP10156735A Withdrawn EP2366759A1 (fr) 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Procédés et dispositifs d'extraction d'hydrocarbures de sable oléagineux

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US (1) US8871083B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2366759A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2734067A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9486721B2 (en) 2011-05-02 2016-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Filter device, method for its operation and use thereof

Families Citing this family (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2734439A1 (fr) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-21 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Une methode pour extraire du bitume d'un circuit de petrole de sable bitumineux
EP2522414A1 (fr) 2011-05-11 2012-11-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de filtre, son procédé de fabrication et d'utilisation
US8552244B1 (en) 2012-11-02 2013-10-08 Syncrude Canada Ltd. Process for recovering solvent from spent oil sand solids
US10288350B1 (en) 2018-06-07 2019-05-14 Syncrude Canada Ltd. Process for separating solvent from spent oil sand solids using superheated steam
CN111467870B (zh) * 2020-05-06 2021-03-09 阜宁县石油机械有限公司 一种石油开采用的砂石过滤装置
CN118776275B (zh) * 2024-09-10 2024-11-26 连云港恒鑫通矿业有限公司 一种高效的铁精粉烘干脱水装置

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9486721B2 (en) 2011-05-02 2016-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Filter device, method for its operation and use thereof

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US8871083B2 (en) 2014-10-28
US20110226672A1 (en) 2011-09-22
CA2734067A1 (fr) 2011-09-17

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