EP2365100A2 - Method for producing a molded part having at least two structure zones with different ductilities - Google Patents
Method for producing a molded part having at least two structure zones with different ductilities Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2365100A2 EP2365100A2 EP10401175A EP10401175A EP2365100A2 EP 2365100 A2 EP2365100 A2 EP 2365100A2 EP 10401175 A EP10401175 A EP 10401175A EP 10401175 A EP10401175 A EP 10401175A EP 2365100 A2 EP2365100 A2 EP 2365100A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- buffer
- semi
- semifinished product
- continuous furnace
- finished
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a molded part having at least two structural regions of different ductility from a semifinished product, in particular a board made of hardenable steel with a heating in a continuous furnace and a curing process, wherein the semifinished product is heated in the continuous furnace to Austenitmaschinestemperatur, hereinafter a first Partial region of the semifinished product is cooled to a temperature at which the structure of the portion is converted into ferritic-pearlitic structure, while a second portion of the semifinished product is kept at Austenitmaschinestemperatur, subsequently the semifinished product is formed and annealed in a press-hardening tool to the molding.
- a B-pillar is known as a body component for a motor vehicle, said B-pillar is designed in the form of a longitudinal profile having a first length section with a predominantly martensitic material structure and a strength over 1,400 N / mm 2 and a second length section of higher ductility with having a predominantly ferritic-pearlitic material structure and a strength of less than 850 N / mm 2 .
- a method of manufacturing a metal mold component for automotive components which has regions with higher ductility.
- a board made of suitable steel is provided which in partial areas, which should have a higher strength than the rest of the component in the finished molded component, in a time of less than 30 seconds to a temperature between 600 ° C and 900 ° C is brought.
- the heat-treated board is formed in a press tool to form the molding. The remuneration is also made in the press tool.
- a method of a similar kind is known.
- a board or a semi-finished product is heated to Austenitmaschinestemperatur and then inserted into a forming tool with a press.
- the shaping of the semifinished product and quenching of the semifinished product takes place by the contact with the forming tool.
- the semi-finished product is then shaped and cured in the forming tool.
- the present invention seeks to provide a method which is easy to control, energie attorney can be operated and a treatment and shaping of corresponding semi-finished products or boards in the Taktrythmus of Presshärtetechnikmaschinemaschinees without affecting the flow rate through the continuous furnace allows.
- the invention proposes that the semifinished product, after passing through the continuous furnace with the second portion, is inserted into a chamber of a buffer, in particular a buffer furnace, which keeps the second portion at austenitizing temperature, while the first portion is out of the chamber of the buffer , in particular projects the buffer furnace and this projecting area is cooled in air or with air to the temperature, in which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed, the semifinished product is subsequently removed from the intermediate store, in particular the buffer oven, and transferred to the press-hardening tool for the purpose of forming and tempering.
- a buffer in particular a buffer furnace
- the continuous furnace can be operated continuously at normal speed.
- the semifinished product After passing through the continuous furnace, the semifinished product is placed in the buffer store and held there in partial areas at Austenitmaschinestemperatur and cooled in some areas such that adjusts a ferritic-pearlitic structure.
- the storage of the semifinished product in the buffer does not affect the speed of passage of the parts through the continuous furnace.
- the semifinished product is removed from the intermediate store and cyclically transferred to the hardening tool for the purpose of forming and tempering. This procedure is easy to control and readily applicable to different geometries of the semifinished product.
- the cache can be designed differently.
- the temporary storage is provided as a buffer oven, which is equipped with the semi-finished, so that the second portion is within the furnace chamber of the buffer furnace or in a corresponding heat range of the buffer, while the first portion of the semifinished in a suitable manner slowly to target temperature is cooled.
- the cooling process can take place over a time range of approximately 60 seconds.
- the buffer in particular the buffer furnace in its furnace chamber has several deposit areas for several semi-finished parts, wherein the time sequentially removed from the continuous furnace semi-finished parts are each inserted into one of the deposit areas and cyclically passed to the press hardening tool after the partial cooling ,
- This design makes it possible to store a plurality of semi-finished products or blanks in the buffer, so that a continuous decrease of semi-finished products can take place from the continuous furnace and the removal of the semi-finished parts can be cyclically carried out according to the desired cooling to the hardening tool without the speed of the Continuous furnace would have to be reduced.
- the recording capacity of the buffer is adapted to the sequence of the procedure, so that also the hardening tool can work in the corresponding working cycle.
- a possible training for this purpose is seen in that two buffers, in particular buffer ovens are positioned on both sides next to the exit of the continuous furnace, which are alternately charged with semi-finished, which is removed from the continuous furnace.
- the air stream serving for cooling being guided into the gap between the first portion of the semifinished product and the water cooling is preferably sucked through this gap.
- the water cooling above the entire semi-finished part, which forms the first portion extends.
- This transition region is to make different width depending on the application of the finished molded part.
- an oven door at Output end of the continuous furnace is provided above a zone of the semi-finished product, which is formed between the first and second partial area, wherein the width of the zone is determined by the thickness of the oven door.
- this transition region can be determined so that it can be, for example, at least 40 mm and a maximum of 200 mm. Especially in the automotive industry, in which moldings are desired that have a specific crash behavior, this variable transition area is conducive to ensure appropriate performance of the finished workpiece.
- the temporary storage is generated by an extension of the discharge area of the continuous furnace, wherein the semi-finished products each lifted with the second portion within the extension of the support plane of the continuous furnace and is shifted to one or more below or above or formed levels while each of the first portions of the continuous furnace or the extension in the transport direction of the continuous furnace are projecting positioned and cooled.
- the buffer is not a separate element, which is to be arranged for example next to the outlet end of the continuous furnace, but the buffer is by an extension of the delivery area of the continuous furnace itself generated.
- this extension of the continuous furnace a positioning of the semi-finished products heated in the continuous furnace in the desired manner, so that the second portion remains within the corresponding region of the continuous furnace, while the first portion of the semi-finished protrudes from this extension of the continuous furnace and in This projecting region can be cooled, as described above.
- Such a configuration is low energy, but the continuous furnace must be designed accordingly.
- the intermediate memory has contact areas or contact zones with different temperatures, in particular austenitizing temperature on the one hand and a temperature at which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed, so that the semifinished product deposited thereon forms corresponding structural zones in different areas ,
- the buffer can have heated areas and cooled areas which form contact areas or contact zones on which the semifinished product is deposited, so that different areas of the semifinished product can be kept or cooled to the desired degree to temperature.
- the invention further relates to an apparatus for producing molded parts, each having two structural regions of different ductility from semi-finished products, in particular blanks, made of hardenable steel, consisting of a continuous furnace with a continuous conveyor, by means of which the semifinished product can be transported through the continuous furnace, and a press-hardening tool of which the semifinished product is tempered and formed into the molded part.
- At least one intermediate storage is provided, and at least one handling apparatus for handling the semifinished product, by means of which the semifinished products can be received at the delivery end of the continuous furnace and in the intermediate storage can be stored, wherein the buffer has a first heated portion for receiving a second portion of the semi-finished part, and a second cooled portion for receiving a first portion of the semi-finished part, further comprising a handling apparatus or the handling apparatus is provided by means of which the semi-finished parts be removed from the cache and inserted into the press hardening tool.
- the arrangement of the buffer including the corresponding handling apparatus ensures that on the one hand the continuous furnace can be operated continuously, on the other hand, the press hardening tool can be operated in the best possible power stroke, wherein the corresponding moldings can be stored, brought to the desired temperature by the buffer and the handling apparatuses and then converted and tempered in the press hardening tool.
- a handling apparatus In coordination with the working cycle either a handling apparatus can be sufficient, which takes over both the moldings from the continuous furnace and spends in the buffer, as well as the intermediate parts in the form of molded parts transferred to the press hardening tool. If the power stroke does not allow the arrangement of a single handling apparatus, the arrangement of, for example, two handling devices is possible by means of which the two working operations can be performed.
- the temporary storage has a plurality of storage spaces for semi-finished parts.
- the temporary storage and / or storage locations of the temporary storage medium are or are vertically adjustable parallel to the transport direction of the continuous conveyor and / or transversely thereto.
- the temporary storage or the storage locations of the buffer in the transport direction of the continuous conveyor for example, in the direction of the handling apparatus and formed away from it. Furthermore, they are vertically adjustable trained, so that by means of the handling apparatus can always be worked on the same horizontal plane and the different storage spaces of the cache are adjustable in this plane so that either moldings inserted or moldings can be removed.
- the storage spaces of the buffer store have heatable and / or coolable contact areas, on which a semi-finished part can be stored and heated in appropriate zones and / or cooled.
- the buffer is a buffer furnace whose entrance has an oven door, so that the inserted semi-finished part is arranged with the second portion inside the buffer furnace and with the first portion outside thereof, wherein in the region of the arrangement of the first portion a cooling device is arranged.
- the transition area between the two areas with different ductility is influenced by the corresponding dimensioning of the oven door, ie its thickness, ie it is increased or decreased, depending on the desired design of the molded part.
- the cooling device is an air cooling with fan.
- the cooling device is coupled to a suction fan, so that the air flow is sucked off.
- a plate-shaped water cooling element is arranged, wherein an educated between this and the portion of the semi-finished part gap to the cooling device, in particular a fan with cooling air is connected.
- the area of the water cooling element facing the semifinished part is dyed black.
- such a plate-shaped water cooling element designed in the form of a cooling plate ensures equalization of the cooling, which leads to a homogeneous structure in the cooled region of the molded part.
- the plate-shaped water cooling element may preferably consist of steel with good heat conduction.
- the method is used to produce a molded part having at least two structural regions of different ductility from a semifinished product 1, in particular a circuit board, made of hardenable steel.
- a plant for the realization of the method consists for example of a continuous furnace 2, which has a continuous conveyor, which runs through the continuous furnace 2 and which transports the semifinished product 1, in particular the blanks, in the direction of passage 3.
- the semifinished product 1 is heated to Austenitmaschinestemperatur, for example to about 930 ° C.
- a first portion 4 of the semifinished product 1 is cooled to a temperature at which the structure of the portion 4 is converted into a ferritic-pearlitic structure. This happens at approx. 500 ° C. The cooling is sufficiently slow that the desired structure can be formed.
- a second portion 5 of the semifinished product is kept at Austenitmaschinestemperatur, ie at about 930 ° C.
- the semifinished product 1 is introduced into a pressing tool 6 and shaped and tempered therein.
- a pressing tool 6 Such press hardening tools are known in the art.
- the semifinished product 1 after passing through the continuous furnace 2 with the second portion 5 in a chamber of a buffer 7, for example in the form of a buffer furnace 8 is inserted, as illustrated by the movement arrow 9.
- the second subregion 5 is thus kept at austenitizing temperature in the corresponding intermediate store 7 or in the buffer oven 8, which is heated accordingly.
- the first portion 4 protrudes from the chamber of the buffer 7, in particular the buffer furnace 8 before.
- This projecting area is cooled slowly in air or preferably with air to the temperature at which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed.
- the cooling time is about 60 seconds, for example.
- the air used for cooling sucked by means of a blower.
- the semi-finished product 1 pretreated in this way is then removed from the intermediate storage 7, in particular the buffer oven 8, and transferred to the hardening tool 6 for the purpose of forming and tempering, as illustrated by the movement arrow 10.
- two intermediate storage 7 or two buffer ovens 8 can be positioned on both sides next to the exit of the continuous furnace 2, which are alternately charged with semifinished product 1, which is removed from the continuous furnace 2.
- the furnace chamber of the buffer 7 or the buffer furnace 8 is closed by an oven door 11 to the outside except for a passage gap for the semifinished product 1.
- a water cooling 12 is provided in the first portion 4 of the semifinished product 1, by means of which the cooling effect is enhanced.
- the air stream serving for cooling is guided into the gap 13 between the first subregion 4 and the water cooling 12, preferably through this gap 13 sucked, so that the cooling effect is enhanced to affect the desired course of cooling according to the desired timing.
- the water cooling 12 is located above the entire semi-finished part 1, which forms the first portion 4.
- the water cooling may also extend below the area of the oven door 11 (partially).
- the transition region which forms between the first subregion 4 and the second subregion 5 can be enlarged or reduced, so that it can correspond to the requirements of the finished workpiece, for example 40 mm or up to 200 mm ,
- the buffer 7 can be generated by an extension 15 of the delivery area of the continuous furnace 2.
- the semi-finished parts 1 can each be lifted with the second portion 5 within the extension 15 of the support plane of the continuous furnace 2 or otherwise transported in the transverse direction, so that they can be moved into several levels below or above, as in FIG. 3 is illustrated, wherein each of the first portions 4 from the continuous furnace 2 and the extension 15 in the transport direction 3 of the continuous furnace 2 are projecting positioned and cooled, as also in FIG. 3 is illustrated.
- the Continuous furnace 2 can be used to form the intermediate memory 7.
- a corresponding latch 7 may be provided with contact surfaces 16, 17 in the storage areas of the semifinished products 1, are positioned on each of the semi-finished parts 1, wherein these contact surfaces or contact zones 16, 17 have different temperatures.
- the austenitizing temperature can thus be maintained in the region, for example of the contact surfaces 17, while on the other hand a lower temperature is provided in the regions 16, in which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed. In this way it is possible to form the semifinished product 1 deposited thereon in different regions with corresponding structural zones.
- the movements which are indicated by the movement arrows 9 and 10, respectively, can be generated by handling apparatuses which are designed and provided for handling the molded parts 1. For the sake of clarity, these handling devices are not shown in the drawing. For carrying out the handling operations according to movement arrows 9, 10, one and the same handling unit can be used, provided that the cycle time is sufficient and / or but two separate handling devices or more may be provided, if this is necessary to achieve the required Cycle time is required.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the storage locations of the buffer 7 can also be adjusted parallel to the transport direction in the direction of the movement arrow 18 in order to simplify the handling operation or to facilitate the positioning of the semifinished product 1. Also, a vertical adjustment is possible, as indicated by the movement arrow 19 in FIG. 3 is illustrated. The corresponding movements can be generated by corresponding units in all illustrated embodiments.
- the water cooling device 12 is preferably designed as a plate-shaped element, wherein this plate-shaped element has a size such that at least the first region of the deposited semi-finished product is completely covered.
- a plate-shaped water cooling element is formed of steel, which is dyed black on its surface facing in the first region 4, in order to absorb the radiant heat particularly well.
- the corresponding semifinished parts 1, in particular blanks can thus be formed with at least two structural areas of different ductility.
- the temperature in the first sub-range, can be set such that a strength of 550 to 700, under certain circumstances even up to 900 N / mm 2 is achieved.
- a martensitic microstructure is provided by appropriate temperatures, in the end result of this area after forming in the Press hardening tool may have a strength of 1350 to 1650 N / mm 2 .
- two semi-finished parts 1 are always transported in pairs through the continuous furnace, the conveying speed is turned off so that in the 10 second rhythm at the end corresponding semifinished products can be removed by handling equipment, which are then transferred to corresponding buffer 7.
- the elements each remain for 60 seconds.
- a batch-wise charging of the press-hardening tool 6 can take place so that maximum application is possible without the continuous furnace 2 having to be clocked or slowed down in terms of its conveying speed.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments, but is often variable within the scope of the disclosure.
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Abstract
Um ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteiles mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität aus einem Halbzeug (1) aus Stahl mit einer Erwärmung in einem Durchlaufofen (2) und einem Härteprozess, wobei das Halbzeug (1) in dem Durchlaufofen (2) auf Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt wird, nachfolgend ein erster Teilbereich (4) des Halbzeugs (1) auf eine Temperatur gekühlt wird, bei welcher das Gefüge des Teilbereichs in ferritisches-perlitisches Gefüge umgewandelt wird, während ein zweiter Teilbereich (5) des Halbzeugs (1) auf Austenitisierungstemperatur gehalten wird, nachfolgend das Halbzeug (1) in einem Presshärtewerkzeug (6) zu dem Formteil umgeformt und vergütet wird, zu schaffen, welches gut beherrschbar ist, energiegünstig betrieben werden kann und eine Behandlung und Formung von entsprechenden Halbzeugen oder Platinen im Taktrythmus des Presshärtewerkzeuges ohne Beeinflussung der Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit durch den Durchlaufofen ermöglicht, wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Halbzeug (1) nach Durchlauf durch den Durchlaufofen (2) mit dem zweiten Teilbereich (5) in eine Kammer eines Zwischenspeichers (7) eingelegt wird, der den zweiten Teilbereich (5) auf Austenitisierungstemperatur hält, während der erste Teilbereich (4) aus der Kammer des Zwischenspeichers (7) vorragt und dieser vorragende Bereich mit Luft auf die Temperatur gekühlt wird, bei welcher das ferritisch-perlitische Gefüge gebildet wird. To a method for producing a molded part having at least two structural regions of different ductility from a semi-finished steel (1) with a heating in a continuous furnace (2) and a hardening process, wherein the semifinished product (1) in the continuous furnace (2) is heated to Austenitisierungstemperatur , Subsequently, a first portion (4) of the semifinished product (1) is cooled to a temperature at which the structure of the portion is converted into ferritic-pearlitic structure, while a second portion (5) of the semifinished product (1) is kept at Austenitisierungstemperatur, Subsequently, the semi-finished product (1) in a press-hardening tool (6) is formed and tempered to create the molded part, which is easy to control, energiegünstig can be operated and a treatment and molding of corresponding semi-finished products or boards in the Taktrythmus of the press hardening tool without affecting the flow rate through the continuous furnace, w It is proposed that the semifinished product (1), after passing through the continuous furnace (2) with the second subregion (5), is inserted into a chamber of a buffer (7) which keeps the second subregion (5) at austenitizing temperature, during the first subregion (4) protrudes from the chamber of the buffer (7) and this projecting portion is cooled with air to the temperature at which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteiles mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität aus einem Halbzeug , insbesondere einer Platine, aus härtbarem Stahl mit einer Erwärmung in einem Durchlaufofen und einem Härteprozess, wobei das Halbzeug in dem Durchlaufofen auf Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt wird, nachfolgend ein erster Teilbereich des Halbzeugs auf eine Temperatur gekühlt wird, bei welcher das Gefüge des Teilbereichs in ferritisches-perlitisches Gefüge umgewandelt wird, während ein zweiter Teilbereich des Halbzeugs auf Austenitisierungstemperatur gehalten wird, nachfolgend das Halbzeug in einem Presshärtewerkzeug zu dem Formteil umgeformt und vergütet wird.The invention relates to a method for producing a molded part having at least two structural regions of different ductility from a semifinished product, in particular a board made of hardenable steel with a heating in a continuous furnace and a curing process, wherein the semifinished product is heated in the continuous furnace to Austenitisierungstemperatur, hereinafter a first Partial region of the semifinished product is cooled to a temperature at which the structure of the portion is converted into ferritic-pearlitic structure, while a second portion of the semifinished product is kept at Austenitisierungstemperatur, subsequently the semifinished product is formed and annealed in a press-hardening tool to the molding.
Aus der
In dieser Druckschrift ist ein entsprechendes Werkstück beschrieben, welches für in der Automobiltechnik erwünschte Eigenschaften ausgebildet ist.In this document, a corresponding workpiece is described, which is designed for desired properties in the automotive industry.
Aus der
In der Druckschrift ist eine weitere Verfahrensweise beschrieben, wonach eine Platine zunächst pressformtechnisch vor- oder endgeformt wird und anschließend partielle Bereiche des Zwischen- oder Formbauteiles in der oben beschriebenen Weise wärmebehandelt werden. Die Bereiche weisen dann gegenüber dem übrigen Bauteil eine wesentlich höhere Festigkeit auf. Die Vergütung kann im Presswerkzeug vorgenommen werden mit reduzierten oder sogar ohne Formoperationen. Gegebenenfalls findet nur ein Nachpressen statt. Eine weitere Verfahrensweise ist in dieser Druckschrift beschrieben, wobei dann die Platine zunächst komplett auf eine Temperatur zwischen 900°C und 950°C homogen erwärmt wird, in einem Pressenwerkzeug zum Formbauteil umgeformt und anschließend vergütet wird. Im Anschluss daran wird eine gezielte partielle Erhöhung der Duktilität des Formbauteiles in gewünschten Bereichen durch partielles Nachwärmen vorgenommen.In the document, a further procedure is described, according to which a circuit board first vorformformtechnik before or final formed and then partial areas of the intermediate or molded component are heat treated in the manner described above. The areas then have a much higher strength compared to the rest of the component. The coating can be carried out in the pressing tool with reduced or even without forming operations. If necessary, only a repressing takes place. Another procedure is described in this document, in which case the board is first heated completely homogeneously to a temperature between 900 ° C and 950 ° C, is formed in a press tool to form the mold component and then annealed. Subsequently, a targeted partial increase in the ductility of the molded component in desired areas by partial reheating is made.
Eine solche Verfahrensweise ist relativ aufwendig.Such a procedure is relatively expensive.
In der
Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung ist es schwierig, Bauteile mit unterschiedlich langen ersten und zweiten Bereichen auszubilden, da die Trennung der Temperaturbereiche im Regelfall durch eine im Durchlaufofen vorgesehene Trennwand erfolgt, die nur mit großem Aufwand versetzbar ist, um unterschiedlich ausgebildete Teile zu erzeugen.In such an embodiment, it is difficult to form components with different lengths first and second areas, since the separation of the temperature ranges usually carried by a provided in the continuous furnace partition, which can be displaced only with great effort to produce differently shaped parts.
Aus der
Diese Verfahrensweise ist zwar zielführend, jedoch relativ aufwendig und schwer beherrschbar. Schließlich ist aus der
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches gut beherrschbar ist, energiegünstig betrieben werden kann und eine Behandlung und Formung von entsprechenden Halbzeugen oder Platinen im Taktrythmus des Presshärtewerkzeuges ohne Beeinflussung der Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit durch den Durchlaufofen ermöglicht.Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a method which is easy to control, energiegünstig can be operated and a treatment and shaping of corresponding semi-finished products or boards in the Taktrythmus of Presshärtewerkzeuges without affecting the flow rate through the continuous furnace allows.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung vor, dass das Halbzeug nach Durchlauf durch den Durchlaufofen mit dem zweiten Teilbereich in eine Kammer eines Zwischenspeichers, insbesondere eines Pufferofen eingelegt wird, der den zweiten Teilbereich auf Austenitisierungstemperatur hält, während der erste Teilbereich aus der Kammer des Zwischenspeichers, insbesondere des Pufferofens vorragt und dieser vorragende Bereich an Luft oder mit Luft auf die Temperatur gekühlt wird, bei welcher das ferritisch-perlitische Gefüge gebildet wird, nachfolgend das Halbzeug aus dem Zwischenspeicher, insbesondere dem Pufferofen entnommen und dem Presshärtewerkzeug zum Zwecke des Umformens und Vergütens übergeben wird.To achieve this object, the invention proposes that the semifinished product, after passing through the continuous furnace with the second portion, is inserted into a chamber of a buffer, in particular a buffer furnace, which keeps the second portion at austenitizing temperature, while the first portion is out of the chamber of the buffer , in particular projects the buffer furnace and this projecting area is cooled in air or with air to the temperature, in which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed, the semifinished product is subsequently removed from the intermediate store, in particular the buffer oven, and transferred to the press-hardening tool for the purpose of forming and tempering.
Gemäß der Erfindung kann der Durchlaufofen kontinuierlich in üblicher Geschwindigkeit betrieben werden. Nach dem Durchlauf durch den Durchlaufofen wird das Halbzeug in den Zwischenspeicher eingelegt und dort in Teilbereichen auf Austenitisierungstemperatur gehalten und in Teilbereichen derart gekühlt, dass sich ein ferritisch-perlitisches Gefüge einstellt. Die Ablage des Halbzeugs in dem Zwischenspeicher beeinflusst nicht die Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit der Teile durch den Durchlaufofen. Nach der entsprechenden Erwärmung bzw. Kühlung des Halbzeuges im Zwischenspeicher wird das Halbzeug aus dem Zwischenspeicher entnommen und taktweise dem Härtewerkzeug zum Zwecke des Umformens und Vergütens übergeben. Diese Verfahrensweise ist gut beherrschbar und auf unterschiedliche Geometrien des Halbzeuges ohne weiteres anwendbar. Zudem ist sichergestellt, dass die Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit durch den Durchlaufofen nicht in zwingender Abhängigkeit mit der Übergabe an das Härtewerkzeug gekoppelt ist, sondern durch den Zwischenspeicher ist eine entsprechende zeitliche Abstimmung möglich, so dass der kontinuierliche Betrieb des Durchlaufofens und der taktweise Betrieb des Härtewerkzeuges leicht aneinander angepasst werden können. Der Zwischenspeicher kann unterschiedlich gestaltet sein. Beispielsweise und bevorzugt ist der Zwischenspeicher als Pufferofen vorgesehen, der mit dem Halbzeug entsprechend bestückt wird, so dass der zweite Teilbereich sich innerhalb der Ofenkammer des Pufferofens oder in einem entsprechenden Wärmebereich des Zwischenspeichers befindet, während der erste Teilbereich des Halbzeugs in geeigneter Weise langsam auf Solltemperatur gekühlt wird. Beispielsweise kann der Abkühlungsverlauf über einen Zeitbereich von ca. 60 Sekunden erfolgen.According to the invention, the continuous furnace can be operated continuously at normal speed. After passing through the continuous furnace, the semifinished product is placed in the buffer store and held there in partial areas at Austenitisierungstemperatur and cooled in some areas such that adjusts a ferritic-pearlitic structure. The storage of the semifinished product in the buffer does not affect the speed of passage of the parts through the continuous furnace. After the corresponding heating or cooling of the semifinished product in the intermediate store, the semifinished product is removed from the intermediate store and cyclically transferred to the hardening tool for the purpose of forming and tempering. This procedure is easy to control and readily applicable to different geometries of the semifinished product. In addition, it is ensured that the flow rate through the continuous furnace is not necessarily coupled with the transfer to the hardness tool, but by the buffer a corresponding timing is possible, so that the continuous operation of the continuous furnace and the cyclic operation of the hardness tool easily adapted to each other can be. The cache can be designed differently. For example, and preferably, the temporary storage is provided as a buffer oven, which is equipped with the semi-finished, so that the second portion is within the furnace chamber of the buffer furnace or in a corresponding heat range of the buffer, while the first portion of the semifinished in a suitable manner slowly to target temperature is cooled. For example, the cooling process can take place over a time range of approximately 60 seconds.
Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei vorgesehen, dass der Zwischenspeicher, insbesondere der Pufferofen in seiner Ofenkammer mehrere Einlagebereiche für mehrere Halbzeugteile aufweist, wobei die aus dem Durchlaufofen zeitlich nacheinander abgenommenen Halbzeugteile jeweils in einen der Einlagebereiche eingelegt werden und taktweise nach der teilweisen Kühlung an das Presshärtewerkzeug übergeben werden.Particularly preferably, it is provided that the buffer, in particular the buffer furnace in its furnace chamber has several deposit areas for several semi-finished parts, wherein the time sequentially removed from the continuous furnace semi-finished parts are each inserted into one of the deposit areas and cyclically passed to the press hardening tool after the partial cooling ,
Diese Ausbildung ermöglicht es, eine Vielzahl von Halbzeugen oder Platinen in dem Zwischenspeicher zu lagern, so dass eine kontinuierliche Abnahme von Halbzeug von dem Durchlaufofen erfolgen kann und die Entnahme der Halbzeugteile taktmäßig entsprechend der gewünschten Abkühlung an das Härtewerkzeug erfolgen kann, ohne dass die Geschwindigkeit des Durchlaufofens reduziert werden müsste.This design makes it possible to store a plurality of semi-finished products or blanks in the buffer, so that a continuous decrease of semi-finished products can take place from the continuous furnace and the removal of the semi-finished parts can be cyclically carried out according to the desired cooling to the hardening tool without the speed of the Continuous furnace would have to be reduced.
Die Aufnahmekapazität des Zwischenspeichers ist an die Abfolge der Verfahrensweise angepasst, so dass auch das Härtewerkzeug im entsprechenden Arbeitstakt arbeiten kann.The recording capacity of the buffer is adapted to the sequence of the procedure, so that also the hardening tool can work in the corresponding working cycle.
Eine mögliche Ausbildung hierzu wird darin gesehen, dass zwei Zwischenspeicher, insbesondere Pufferöfen beidseits neben dem Ausgang des Durchlaufofens positioniert werden, die wechselweise mit Halbzeug beschickt werden, das aus dem Durchlaufofen entnommen wird.A possible training for this purpose is seen in that two buffers, in particular buffer ovens are positioned on both sides next to the exit of the continuous furnace, which are alternately charged with semi-finished, which is removed from the continuous furnace.
Um eine besonders gleichmäßige Kühlung des ersten Teilbereiches des Halbzeuges sicherzustellen, ist vorgesehen, dass in einem den ersten Teilbereich des Halbzeugs überlagernden Bereich eine Wasserkühlung vorgesehen wird, wobei der zur Kühlung dienende Luftstrom in den Spalt zwischen dem ersten Teilbereich des Halbzeuges und der Wasserkühlung geführt wird, vorzugsweise durch diesen Spalt gesaugt wird.In order to ensure particularly uniform cooling of the first portion of the semifinished product, provision is made for water cooling to be provided in a region overlapping the first portion of the semifinished product, the air stream serving for cooling being guided into the gap between the first portion of the semifinished product and the water cooling , is preferably sucked through this gap.
Vorzugsweise ist dabei vorgesehen, dass sich die Wasserkühlung oberhalb des gesamten Halbzeugteils, welches den ersten Teilbereich bildet, erstreckt.Preferably, it is provided that the water cooling above the entire semi-finished part, which forms the first portion extends.
Hierdurch wird eine besonders gleichmäßige Kühlung über den gesamten ersten Teilbereich erreicht.As a result, a particularly uniform cooling over the entire first portion is achieved.
Zwischen dem ersten Teilbereich und dem zweiten Teilbereich bildet sich zwangsläufig ein Übergangsbereich aus. Dieser Übergangsbereich ist je nach Anwendung des fertigen Formteiles unterschiedlich breit zu gestalten. Um dies zu erreichen, ist vorgesehen, dass eine Ofentür am Ausgabeende des Durchlaufofens oberhalb einer Zone des Halbzeugs vorgesehen wird, die zwischen erstem und zweitem Teilbereich gebildet wird, wobei die Breite der Zone durch die Dicke der Ofentür bestimmt wird.Between the first partial area and the second partial area, a transitional area inevitably forms. This transition region is to make different width depending on the application of the finished molded part. To achieve this, it is provided that an oven door at Output end of the continuous furnace is provided above a zone of the semi-finished product, which is formed between the first and second partial area, wherein the width of the zone is determined by the thickness of the oven door.
Durch eine entsprechende Dicke der Ofentür kann dieser Übergangsbereich bestimmt werden, so dass er beispielsweise mindestens 40 mm und maximal 200 mm betragen kann. Gerade im Automobilbau, bei dem Formteile erwünscht sind, die ein bestimmtes Crashverhalten haben, ist dieser variable Übergangsbereich förderlich, um entsprechende Leistungen des fertigen Werkstückes zu gewährleisten.By an appropriate thickness of the oven door, this transition region can be determined so that it can be, for example, at least 40 mm and a maximum of 200 mm. Especially in the automotive industry, in which moldings are desired that have a specific crash behavior, this variable transition area is conducive to ensure appropriate performance of the finished workpiece.
Eine mögliche Weiterbildung wird darin gesehen, dass der Zwischenspeicher durch eine Erweiterung des Abgabebereiches des Durchlaufofens erzeugt wird, wobei die Halbzeuge jeweils mit dem zweiten Teilbereich innerhalb der Erweiterung von der Auflageebene des Durchlaufofens abgehoben und in ein oder mehrere darunter oder darüber gebildete Ebenen verlagert wird, während jeweils die ersten Teilbereiche aus dem Durchlaufofen oder der Erweiterung in Transportrichtung des Durchlaufofens vorragend positioniert und gekühlt werden.A possible development is seen in that the temporary storage is generated by an extension of the discharge area of the continuous furnace, wherein the semi-finished products each lifted with the second portion within the extension of the support plane of the continuous furnace and is shifted to one or more below or above or formed levels while each of the first portions of the continuous furnace or the extension in the transport direction of the continuous furnace are projecting positioned and cooled.
Gemäß dieser Ausgestaltung ist der Zwischenspeicher nicht ein separates Element, welches beispielsweise neben dem Auslaufende des Durchlaufofens anzuordnen ist, sondern der Zwischenspeicher ist durch eine Erweiterung des Abgabebereiches des Durchlaufofens selbst erzeugt. Beispielsweise kann in dieser Erweiterung des Durchlaufofens eine Positionierung der im Durchlaufofen erwärmten Halbzeuge in der gewünschten Weise erfolgen, so dass der zweite Teilbereich innerhalb des entsprechenden Bereiches des Durchlaufofens verbleibt oder angeordnet wird, während der erste Teilbereich der Halbzeuge aus dieser Erweiterung des Durchlaufofens vorragt und in diesem vorragenden Bereich gekühlt werden kann, wie dies oben beschrieben ist. Eine solche Ausgestaltung ist energietechnisch günstig, wobei allerdings der Durchlaufofen entsprechend gestaltet sein muss.According to this embodiment, the buffer is not a separate element, which is to be arranged for example next to the outlet end of the continuous furnace, but the buffer is by an extension of the delivery area of the continuous furnace itself generated. For example, in this extension of the continuous furnace, a positioning of the semi-finished products heated in the continuous furnace in the desired manner, so that the second portion remains within the corresponding region of the continuous furnace, while the first portion of the semi-finished protrudes from this extension of the continuous furnace and in This projecting region can be cooled, as described above. Such a configuration is low energy, but the continuous furnace must be designed accordingly.
In Weiterbildung oder alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Zwischenspeicher Kontaktflächen oder Kontaktzonen mit unterschiedlichen Temperaturen, insbesondere einerseits Austenitisierungstemperatur und andererseits einer Temperatur, bei der das ferritisch-perlitische Gefüge gebildet wird, aufweist, so dass das darauf abgelegte Halbzeug in unterschiedlichen Bereichen entsprechende Gefügezonen bildet.In a further development or alternatively, it can be provided that the intermediate memory has contact areas or contact zones with different temperatures, in particular austenitizing temperature on the one hand and a temperature at which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed, so that the semifinished product deposited thereon forms corresponding structural zones in different areas ,
Der Zwischenspeicher kann demzufolge beheizte Bereiche und gekühlte Bereiche aufweisen, die Kontaktflächen oder Kontaktzonen bilden, auf denen das Halbzeug abgelegt wird, so dass unterschiedliche Bereiche des Halbzeuges in gewünschtem Maße auf Temperatur gehalten bzw. gekühlt werden können.Accordingly, the buffer can have heated areas and cooled areas which form contact areas or contact zones on which the semifinished product is deposited, so that different areas of the semifinished product can be kept or cooled to the desired degree to temperature.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formteilen mit jeweils zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität aus Halbzeugen, insbesondere Platinen, aus härtbarem Stahl, bestehend aus einem Durchlaufofen mit einem Stetigförderer, mittels dessen das Halbzeug durch den Durchlaufofen transportierbar ist, sowie einem Presshärtewerkzeug, mittels dessen das Halbzeug vergütet und zu dem Formteil umgeformt wird.The invention further relates to an apparatus for producing molded parts, each having two structural regions of different ductility from semi-finished products, in particular blanks, made of hardenable steel, consisting of a continuous furnace with a continuous conveyor, by means of which the semifinished product can be transported through the continuous furnace, and a press-hardening tool of which the semifinished product is tempered and formed into the molded part.
Um eine solche Vorrichtung insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 1 bis 8 vorteilhaft auszugestalten, ist vorgesehen, dass mindestens ein Zwischenspeicher vorgesehen ist, sowie mindestens ein Handlings-Apparat zur Handhabung des Halbzeugs, mittels dessen die Halbzeugteile am Abgabeende des Durchlaufofens aufnehmbar und im Zwischenspeicher ablegbar sind, wobei der Zwischenspeicher einen ersten beheizten Bereich zur Aufnahme eines zweiten Teilbereichs des Halbzeugteiles aufweist, sowie einen zweiten gekühlten Bereich zur Aufnahme eines ersten Teilbereichs des Halbzeugteiles, wobei ferner ein Handlings-Apparat oder der Handlings-Apparat vorgesehen ist, mittels dessen die Halbzeugteile aus dem Zwischenspeicher entnehmbar und in das Presshärtewerkzeug einlegbar sind.In order to advantageously design such a device, in particular for carrying out the method according to
Durch die Anordnung des Zwischenspeichers einschließlich der entsprechenden Handlings-Apparate wird erreicht, dass einerseits der Durchlaufofen kontinuierlich betrieben werden kann, andererseits das Presshärtewerkzeug im bestmöglichen Arbeitstakt betrieben werden kann, wobei durch den Zwischenspeicher und die Handlings-Apparate die entsprechenden Formteile zwischengelagert, auf die gewünschte Temperatur gebracht und dann im Presshärtewerkzeug umgeformt und vergütet werden können.The arrangement of the buffer, including the corresponding handling apparatus ensures that on the one hand the continuous furnace can be operated continuously, on the other hand, the press hardening tool can be operated in the best possible power stroke, wherein the corresponding moldings can be stored, brought to the desired temperature by the buffer and the handling apparatuses and then converted and tempered in the press hardening tool.
In Abstimmung auf den Arbeitstakt kann entweder ein Handlings-Apparat ausreichen, der sowohl die Formteile vom Durchlaufofen übernimmt und in den Zwischenspeicher verbringt, als auch die im Zwischenspeicher befindlichen Formteile in das Presshärtewerkzeug überführt. Falls der Arbeitstakt die Anordnung eines einzigen Handlings-Apparates nicht ermöglicht, ist auch die Anordnung von beispielsweise zwei Handlings-Apparaten möglich, mittels derer die beiden Arbeitsoperationen durchgeführt werden können.In coordination with the working cycle either a handling apparatus can be sufficient, which takes over both the moldings from the continuous furnace and spends in the buffer, as well as the intermediate parts in the form of molded parts transferred to the press hardening tool. If the power stroke does not allow the arrangement of a single handling apparatus, the arrangement of, for example, two handling devices is possible by means of which the two working operations can be performed.
Bevorzugt ist zudem vorgesehen, dass der Zwischenspeicher mehrere Ablageplätze für Halbzeugteile aufweist.Preferably, it is also provided that the temporary storage has a plurality of storage spaces for semi-finished parts.
Um die Handlings-Operation zu vereinfachen, kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Zwischenspeicher und/oder Ablageplätze des Zwischenspeichers parallel zur Transportrichtung des Stetigförderers und/oder quer dazu, insbesondere vertikal verstellbar ist oder sind.In order to simplify the handling operation, it can be provided that the temporary storage and / or storage locations of the temporary storage medium are or are vertically adjustable parallel to the transport direction of the continuous conveyor and / or transversely thereto.
Hierbei wird der Zwischenspeicher oder die Ablageplätze des Zwischenspeichers in Transportrichtung des Stetigförderers beispielsweise in Richtung auf den Handlings-Apparat und von diesem weg bewegbar ausgebildet. Ferner werden sie vertikal verstellbar ausgebildet, so dass mittels des Handlings-Apparates immer auf der gleichen Horizontalebene gearbeitet werden kann und die unterschiedlichen Ablageplätze des Zwischenspeichers in diese Ebene verstellbar sind, damit entweder Formteile eingelegt oder Formteile abgenommen werden können.In this case, the temporary storage or the storage locations of the buffer in the transport direction of the continuous conveyor, for example, in the direction of the handling apparatus and formed away from it. Furthermore, they are vertically adjustable trained, so that by means of the handling apparatus can always be worked on the same horizontal plane and the different storage spaces of the cache are adjustable in this plane so that either moldings inserted or moldings can be removed.
Dabei kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Ablageplätze des Zwischenspeichers beheizbare und/oder kühlbare Kontaktbereiche aufweisen, auf denen ein Halbzeugteil ablegbar und in entsprechenden Zonen erwärmbar und/oder kühlbar ist.It can also be provided that the storage spaces of the buffer store have heatable and / or coolable contact areas, on which a semi-finished part can be stored and heated in appropriate zones and / or cooled.
Bevorzugt kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Zwischenspeicher ein Pufferofen ist, dessen Eingang eine Ofentür aufweist, so dass das eingelegte Halbzeugteil mit dem zweiten Teilbereich im Inneren des Pufferofens und mit dem ersten Teilbereich außerhalb desselben angeordnet ist, wobei im Bereich der Anordnung des ersten Teilbereichs eine Kühlvorrichtung angeordnet ist.Preferably, it can also be provided that the buffer is a buffer furnace whose entrance has an oven door, so that the inserted semi-finished part is arranged with the second portion inside the buffer furnace and with the first portion outside thereof, wherein in the region of the arrangement of the first portion a cooling device is arranged.
Wie schon oben ausgeführt, wird durch die entsprechende Bemessung der Ofentür, also deren Dicke, der Übergangsbereich zwischen den beiden Bereichen mit unterschiedlicher Duktilität beeinflusst, also vergrößert oder verkleinert, je nach gewünschter Gestaltung des Formteiles.As already stated above, the transition area between the two areas with different ductility is influenced by the corresponding dimensioning of the oven door, ie its thickness, ie it is increased or decreased, depending on the desired design of the molded part.
Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die Kühlvorrichtung eine Luftkühlung mit Gebläse ist. Vorzugsweise wird die Kühlvorrichtung mit einem Sauggebläse gekoppelt, so dass der Luftstrom abgesaugt wird.It is preferably provided that the cooling device is an air cooling with fan. Preferably, the cooling device is coupled to a suction fan, so that the air flow is sucked off.
Bevorzugt ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass oberhalb einer Auflagestelle des ersten Teilbereichs des Halbzeugteiles ein plattenförmiges Wasserkühlelement angeordnet ist, wobei ein zwischen diesem und dem Teilbereich des Halbzeugteiles gebildeter Spalt an die Kühlvorrichtung, insbesondere ein Gebläse mit Kühlluft, angeschlossen ist.Preferably, it is provided that above a support point of the first portion of the semi-finished part, a plate-shaped water cooling element is arranged, wherein an educated between this and the portion of the semi-finished part gap to the cooling device, in particular a fan with cooling air is connected.
Um eine gute Absorption der Wärmestrahlung durch das Wasserkühlelement zu erreichen, ist zudem vorgesehen, dass die dem Halbzeugteil zugewandte Fläche des Wasserkühlelementes schwarz gefärbt ist.In order to achieve a good absorption of the heat radiation through the water cooling element, it is additionally provided that the area of the water cooling element facing the semifinished part is dyed black.
Insgesamt sorgt ein solches in Form einer Kühlplatte ausgebildetes plattenförmiges Wasserkühlelement für eine Vergleichmäßigung der Kühlung, was zu einem homogenen Gefüge in dem gekühlten Bereich des Formteiles führt.Overall, such a plate-shaped water cooling element designed in the form of a cooling plate ensures equalization of the cooling, which leads to a homogeneous structure in the cooled region of the molded part.
Das plattenförmige Wasserkühlelement kann vorzugsweise aus Stahl mit guter Wärmeleitung bestehen.The plate-shaped water cooling element may preferably consist of steel with good heat conduction.
Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensweise und der Vorrichtung sind in der Zeichnung gezeigt und im Folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the method according to the invention and the device are shown in the drawing and described in more detail below.
Es zeigt:
Figur 1- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel schematisch in Draufsicht gesehen;
Figur 2- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel, ebenfalls in Draufsicht sowie eine Einzeldarstellung in Seitenansicht, teilweise geschnitten;
- Figur 3
- eine weitere Ausführungsform in Draufsicht und teilweise in Seitenansicht geschnitten;
Figur 4- eine weitere Ausführungsform in Draufsicht;
Figur 5- eine Einzelheit in Seitenansicht;
- Figur 6
- desgleichen in Draufsicht gesehen.
- FIG. 1
- a first embodiment seen schematically in plan view;
- FIG. 2
- a second embodiment, also in plan view and a single view in side view, partially cut;
- FIG. 3
- another embodiment in plan view and partially cut in side view;
- FIG. 4
- a further embodiment in plan view;
- FIG. 5
- a detail in side view;
- FIG. 6
- likewise seen in plan view.
In den Zeichnungen ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erläutert.In the drawings, the inventive method is explained.
Das Verfahren dient zur Herstellung eines Formteiles mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität aus einem Halbzeug 1, insbesondere einer Platine, aus härtbarem Stahl. Eine Anlage zur Realisierung des Verfahrens besteht beispielsweise aus einem Durchlaufofen 2, welcher einen Stetigförderer aufweist, der durch den Durchlaufofen 2 läuft und der das Halbzeug 1, insbesondere die Platinen, in Durchlaufrichtung 3 transportiert. In diesem Durchlaufofen 2 wird das Halbzeug 1 auf Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt, beispielsweise auf ca. 930°C. Nachfolgend wird, wie dies noch später weiter erläutert wird, ein erster Teilbereich 4 des Halbzeugs 1 auf eine Temperatur gekühlt, bei welcher das Gefüge des Teilbereichs 4 in ein ferritisches-perlitisches Gefüge umgewandelt wird. Dies geschieht bei ca. 500°C. Die Kühlung erfolgt ausreichend langsam, damit das gewünschte Gefüge sich bilden kann.The method is used to produce a molded part having at least two structural regions of different ductility from a
Ein zweiter Teilbereich 5 des Halbzeugs wird auf Austenitisierungstemperatur gehalten, also bei ca. 930°C.A
Sobald die entsprechende Gefügeumwandlung erfolgt ist, wird das Halbzeug 1 in ein Presswerkzeug 6 eingebracht und in diesem umgeformt und vergütet. Derartige Presshärtewerkzeuge sind im Stand der Technik bekannt.As soon as the corresponding structural transformation has taken place, the
Als Besonderheit ist vorgesehen, dass das Halbzeug 1 nach Durchlauf durch den Durchlaufofen 2 mit dem zweiten Teilbereich 5 in eine Kammer eines Zwischenspeichers 7, beispielsweise in Form eines Pufferofens 8 eingelegt wird, wie durch den Bewegungspfeil 9 veranschaulicht ist. Der zweite Teilbereich 5 wird damit in dem entsprechenden Zwischenspeicher 7 bzw. im Pufferofen 8, der entsprechend aufgeheizt ist, auf Austenitisierungstemperatur gehalten. Der erste Teilbereich 4 ragt aus der Kammer des Zwischenspeichers 7, insbesondere des Pufferofen 8, vor. Dieser vorragende Bereich wird an Luft oder vorzugsweise mit Luft auf die Temperatur langsam gekühlt, bei welcher das ferritisch-perlitische Gefüge entsteht. Die Abkühlungszeit beträgt beispielsweise etwa 60 Sekunden. Vorzugsweise wird die Luft, die zur Kühlung dient, mittels eines Gebläses abgesaugt.As a special feature, it is provided that the
Das so vorbehandelte Halbzeug 1 wird dann aus dem Zwischenspeicher 7, insbesondere dem Pufferofen 8, entnommen und dem Härtewerkzeug 6 zum Zwecke des Umformens und Vergütens übergeben, wie durch den Bewegungspfeil 10 verdeutlicht ist.The
Vorzugsweise weist der Zwischenspeicher 7, insbesondere der Pufferofen 8, in seiner Ofenkammer mehrere Einlagebereiche für mehrere Halbzeugteile 1 auf, so dass diese mehrfach übereinander aufgenommen werden können. Hiermit ist es möglich, bei kontinuierlichem Betrieb des Durchlaufofens 2 die an der Abgabeöffnung zur Verfügung stehenden Halbzeugteile 1 jeweils in einen der Einlagebereiche einzulegen, wo sie über eine entsprechende Zeit verweilen. Nach entsprechender Zeitdauer können taktweise die entsprechenden Halbzeugteile 1 entnommen und an das Härtewerkzeug 6 übergeben werden. Je nach erforderlicher Kapazität können zwei Zwischenspeicher 7 bzw. zwei Pufferöfen 8 beidseits neben dem Ausgang des Durchlaufofens 2 positioniert werden, die wechselweise mit Halbzeug 1 beschickt werden, welches aus dem Durchlaufofen 2 entnommen wird.Preferably, the
Wie anschaulich in
Durch die Dicke der Ofentür 11 kann der Übergangsbereich, welcher sich zwischen dem ersten Teilbereich 4 und dem zweiten Teilbereich 5 bildet, vergrößert oder verkleinert werden, so dass dieser den Anforderungen an das fertige Werkstück entsprechend, beispielsweise 40 mm oder bis zu 200 mm betragen kann.Due to the thickness of the
Wie in
Wie anhand der
Die Bewegungen, die durch die Bewegungspfeile 9 bzw. 10 angegeben sind, können durch Handlings-Apparate erzeugt werden, die zur Handhabung der Formteile 1 ausgebildet und vorgesehen sind. Der Übersichtlichkeit halber sind diese Handlings-Apparate in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt. Für die Durchführung der Handlings-Operationen gemäß Bewegungspfeile 9, 10 kann ein und dasselbe Handlings-Aggregat eingesetzt werden, sofern die Taktzeit hierfür ausreicht und/oder aber es können zwei separate Handlings-Apparate oder auch mehr vorgesehen sein, sofern dies zur Erreichung der erforderlichen Taktzeit erforderlich ist. Wie in
Die Wasserkühlvorrichtung 12 ist vorzugsweise als plattenförmiges Element ausgebildet, wobei dieses plattenförmige Element eine Größe hat, dass zumindest der erste Bereich des abgelegten Halbzeugs vollständig überdeckt ist. Vorzugsweise ist ein derartiges plattenförmiges Wasserkühlelement aus Stahl gebildet, welches auf seiner im ersten Bereich 4 zugewandeten Fläche schwarz eingefärbt ist, um die Strahlungswärme besonders gut aufnehmen zu können. Je nach Anwenderwunsch können somit die entsprechenden Halbzeugteile 1, insbesondere Platinen, mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität ausgebildet werden. Beispielsweise kann in dem ersten Teilbereich die Temperatur derart eingestellt werden, dass eine Festigkeit von 550 bis 700, unter Umständen auch bis 900 N/mm2 erreicht wird. Im zweiten Bereich 5 wird ein martensitisches Gefüge durch entsprechende Temperaturen zur Verfügung gestellt, wobei im Endergebnis dieser Bereich nach dem Umformen im Presshärtewerkzeug eine Festigkeit von 1350 bis 1650 N/mm2 haben kann.The
Im Ausführungsbeispiel werden immer paarweise zwei Halbzeugteile 1 durch den Durchlaufofen befördert, wobei die Fördergeschwindigkeit derart abgestellt ist, dass im 10 Sekunden-Rhythmus am Ende entsprechende Halbzeuge durch Handlings-Apparate abgenommen werden können, die dann in entsprechende Zwischenspeicher 7 überführt werden. In den Zwischenspeichern verbleiben die Elemente beispielsweise jeweils 60 Sekunden. Bei einer entsprechenden Anzahl von Ablageplätzen in den Zwischenspeichern kann eine taktweise Beschickung des Presshärtewerkzeuges 6 erfolgen, so dass ein maximales Ausbringen ermöglicht ist, ohne dass der Durchlaufofen 2 getaktet oder hinsichtlich seiner Fördergeschwindigkeit verlangsamt werden müsste.In the exemplary embodiment, two
Durch die entsprechenden Handlings-Operationen ist es möglich, unterschiedlich lange oder unterschiedlich breite Bereiche des Halbzeuges mit geringer oder hoher Duktilität auszubilden. Auch die Ausbildung des Übergangsbereiches zwischen diesen Bereichen ist durch entsprechende Anordnung, insbesondere unterschiedlicher Ofentüren ermöglicht, so dass noch weitere Anwendungsbereiche für die entsprechenden Formteile, die mit dem Verfahren erzeugt werden, ermöglicht sind.By means of the corresponding handling operations, it is possible to form regions of the semifinished product of varying lengths or widths with little or high ductility. Also, the formation of the transition region between these areas is made possible by appropriate arrangement, in particular different oven doors, so that even more applications for the corresponding moldings that are produced by the method are possible.
Die Erfindung ist im Übrigen nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, sondern im Rahmen der Offenbarung vielfach variabel.Incidentally, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments, but is often variable within the scope of the disclosure.
Alle neuen, in der Beschreibung und/oder Zeichnung offenbarten Einzel- und Kombinationsmerkmale werden als erfindungswesentlich angesehen.All new, disclosed in the description and / or drawing single and combination features are considered essential to the invention.
Claims (16)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Halbzeug (1) nach Durchlauf durch den Durchlaufofen (2) mit dem zweiten Teilbereich (5) in eine Kammer eines Zwischenspeichers (7), insbesondere eines Pufferofen (8) eingelegt wird, der den zweiten Teilbereich (5) auf Austenitisierungstemperatur hält, während der erste Teilbereich (4) aus der Kammer des Zwischenspeichers (7), insbesondere des Pufferofens (8) vorragt und dieser vorragende Bereich an Luft oder mit Luft auf die Temperatur gekühlt wird, bei welcher das ferritisch-perlitische Gefüge gebildet wird, nachfolgend das Halbzeug (1) aus dem Zwischenspeicher (7), insbesondere dem Pufferofen (8) entnommen und dem Presshärtewerkzeug (6) zum Zwecke des Umformens und Vergütens übergeben wird.Process for the production of a molded part with at least two microstructures of different ductility from a semifinished product (1), in particular a blank made of hardenable steel with a heating in a continuous furnace (2) and a hardening process, wherein the semifinished product (1) in the continuous furnace (2) is heated to Austenitisierungstemperatur, subsequently a first portion (4) of the semifinished product (1) is cooled to a temperature at which the structure of the portion is converted into ferritic-pearlitic structure, while a second portion (5) of the semifinished product (1) Austenitisierungstemperatur is held, then the semi-finished product (1) in a press-hardening tool (6) is formed and annealed to the molding,
characterized in that the semifinished product (1) after passing through the continuous furnace (2) with the second portion (5) in a chamber of a buffer (7), in particular a buffer furnace (8) is inserted, the second portion (5) Austenitizing temperature holds, while the first portion (4) protrudes from the chamber of the buffer (7), in particular the buffer furnace (8) and this projecting portion of air or air is cooled to the temperature at which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed , below the semifinished product (1) from the Temporary storage (7), in particular the buffer oven (8) removed and the press hardening tool (6) is transferred for the purpose of forming and tempering.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenspeicher (7), insbesondere der Pufferofen (8) in seiner Ofenkammer mehrere Einlagebereiche für mehrere Halbzeugteile (1) aufweist, wobei die aus dem Durchlaufofen (2) zeitlich nacheinander abgenommenen Halbzeugteile (1) jeweils in einen der Einlagebereiche eingelegt werden und taktweise nach der teilweisen Kühlung an das Presshärtewerkzeug (6) übergeben werden.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the buffer (7), in particular the buffer furnace (8) in its furnace chamber several deposit areas for several semi-finished parts (1), wherein the from the continuous furnace (2) temporally successively removed semi-finished parts (1) each inserted into one of the insert areas are transferred to the press-hardening tool (6) in cycles after the partial cooling.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Zwischenspeicher (7), insbesondere Pufferöfen (8) beidseits neben dem Ausgang des Durchlaufofens (2) positioniert werden, die wechselweise mit Halbzeug (1) beschickt werden, das aus dem Durchlaufofen (2) entnommen wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that two buffers (7), in particular buffer ovens (8) are positioned on both sides next to the outlet of the continuous furnace (2), which are alternately fed with semifinished product (1), which is removed from the continuous furnace (2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Wasserkühlung (12) oberhalb des gesamten Halbzeugteils (1), welches den ersten Teilbereich (4) bildet, erstreckt.Method according to claim 4,
characterized in that the water cooling (12) above the entire semi-finished part (1), which forms the first portion (4) extends.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenspeicher (7) Kontaktflächen (16, 17) oder Kontaktzonen mit unterschiedlichen Temperaturen, insbesondere einerseits Austenitisierungstemperatur und andererseits einer Temperatur, bei der das ferritisch-perlitische Gefüge gebildet wird, aufweist, so dass das darauf abgelegte Halbzeug (1) in unterschiedlichen Bereichen entsprechende Gefügezonen bildet.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the intermediate store (7) has contact surfaces (16, 17) or contact zones with different temperatures, in particular on the one hand austenitizing temperature and on the other hand a temperature at which the ferritic-pearlitic structure is formed, so that the semifinished product (1) deposited thereon forms corresponding structural zones in different areas.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Zwischenspeicher (7) vorgesehen ist, sowie mindestens ein Handlings-Apparat zur Handhabung des Halbzeugs (1), mittels dessen die Halbzeugteile (1) am Abgabeende des Durchlaufofens (2) aufnehmbar und im Zwischenspeicher (7) ablegbar sind, wobei der Zwischenspeicher (7) einen ersten beheizten Bereich zur Aufnahme eines zweiten Teilbereichs (5) des Halbzeugteiles (1) aufweist, sowie einen zweiten gekühlten Bereich zur Aufnahme eines ersten Teilbereichs (4) des Halbzeugteiles (1), wobei ferner ein Handlings-Apparat oder der Handlings-Apparat vorgesehen ist, mittels dessen die Halbzeugteile (1) aus dem Zwischenspeicher (7) entnehmbar und in das Presshärtewerkzeug (6) einlegbar sind.Apparatus for producing molded parts, each with two structural areas of different ductility from semi-finished products (1), in particular blanks, of hardenable steel, consisting of a continuous furnace (2) with a continuous conveyor, by means of which the semifinished product (1) can be transported through the continuous furnace, and a Press hardening tool (6), by means of which the semifinished product (1) is tempered and formed into the molded part,
characterized in that at least one buffer (7) is provided, as well as at least one handling apparatus for handling the semifinished product (1), by means of which the semi-finished parts (1) at the discharge end of the continuous furnace (2) are receivable and in the buffer (7) can be stored wherein the temporary store (7) has a first heated area for receiving a second partial area (5) of the semi-finished part (1), and a second cooled area for receiving a first partial area (4) of the semi-finished part (1), further comprising a handling apparatus or the handling apparatus, by means of which the semi-finished parts (1) from the buffer (7) and removable in the press hardening tool (6) can be inserted.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenspeicher (7) mehrere Ablageplätze für Halbzeugteile (1) aufweist.Device according to claim 9,
characterized in that the buffer (7) has a plurality of storage spaces for semi-finished parts (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenspeicher (7) und/oder Ablageplätze des Zwischenspeichers (7) parallel zur Transportrichtung (3) des Stetigförderers und/oder quer dazu, insbesondere vertikal verstellbar ist oder sind.Device according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized in that the buffer (7) and / or storage locations of the buffer (7) parallel to the transport direction (3) of the continuous conveyor and / or transversely thereto, in particular vertically adjustable or are.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablageplätze des Zwischenspeichers (7) beheizbare und/oder kühlbare Kontaktbereiche (16, 17) aufweisen, auf denen ein Halbzeugteil (1) ablegbar und in entsprechenden Zonen erwärmbar und/oder kühlbar ist.Device according to one of claims 9 to 11,
characterized in that the storage locations of the temporary storage device (7) have heatable and / or coolable contact areas (16, 17) on which a semi-finished part (1) can be stored and heated in corresponding zones and / or cooled.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung eine Luftkühlung mit Gebläse ist.Device according to claim 13,
characterized in that the cooling device is an air cooling with fan.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass oberhalb einer Auflagerstelle des ersten Teilbereichs (4) des Halbzeugteiles (1) ein plattenförmiges Wasserkühlelement (12) angeordnet ist, wobei ein zwischen diesem und dem Teilbereich (4) des Halbzeugteiles (1) gebildeter Spalt (13) an die Kühlvorrichtung, insbesondere ein Gebläse mit Kühlluft, angeschlossen ist.Apparatus according to claim 13 or 14,
characterized in that above a bearing point of the first portion (4) of the semi-finished part (1) a plate-shaped water cooling element (12) is arranged, wherein between this and the portion (4) of the semi-finished part (1) formed gap (13) to the cooling device , in particular a fan with cooling air, is connected.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dem Halbzeugteil (1) zugewandte Fläche des Wasserkühlelementes (12) schwarz gefärbt ist.Device according to claim 15,
characterized in that the semi-finished part (1) facing surface of the water cooling element (12) is colored black.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010010156A DE102010010156A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2010-03-04 | Process for producing a molded part with at least two structural areas of different ductility |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2365100A2 true EP2365100A2 (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| EP2365100A3 EP2365100A3 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
| EP2365100B1 EP2365100B1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| EP2365100B8 EP2365100B8 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10401175.4A Active EP2365100B8 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2010-10-15 | Method and apparatus for producing a molded part having at least two structure zones with different ductilities |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8460484B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2365100B8 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102191362B (en) |
| DE (2) | DE102010010156A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2587188T3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUE029747T2 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2365100T3 (en) |
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| DE102021109676A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Aerospace Transmission Technologies GmbH | Hardening cell for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces |
| EP4321631A3 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-02-28 | G-Tekt Corporation | Molding method, heat treatment system, and molded product |
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- 2010-10-15 ES ES10401175.4T patent/ES2587188T3/en active Active
- 2010-10-15 EP EP10401175.4A patent/EP2365100B8/en active Active
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| EP2497840B1 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2017-05-03 | Schwartz GmbH | Oven system and process for partially heating steel blanks |
| EP2497840B2 (en) † | 2011-03-10 | 2020-02-26 | Schwartz GmbH | Oven system for partially heating steel blanks |
| DE102011114764A1 (en) * | 2011-10-01 | 2013-04-04 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method for preparing hardened components of motor vehicle, involves cooling secondary portion of plate by forced convection, while plate is in holding position for predetermined time and then cured in mold form hardening tool |
| DE102011114764B4 (en) * | 2011-10-01 | 2016-04-21 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of form-hardened components and continuous furnace for heating a board provided for molding |
| DE102012016075A1 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-24 | Steinhoff & Braun's Gmbh | Method and device for producing a metal component |
| WO2013189597A1 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-27 | Steinhoff & Braun's Gmbh | Method and device for producing a press-hardened metal component |
| DE102012016075B4 (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2014-02-27 | Steinhoff & Braun's Gmbh | Method and device for producing a metal component |
| DE202012007777U1 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2012-09-18 | Steinhoff & Braun's Gmbh | Device for producing a metal component |
| EP2767599A1 (en) * | 2013-02-14 | 2014-08-20 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Heat treatment line and method for operating the heat treatment line |
| DE102013114014A1 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Continuous furnace for heating metal blanks |
| DE102013114014B4 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-03-16 | Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Continuous furnace for heating metal blanks |
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| WO2015110456A1 (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-30 | Schwartz Gmbh | Heat treatment device |
| EP3414350B1 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2025-03-05 | Schwartz GmbH | Heat treatment method and use of a heat treatment device |
| WO2018095825A1 (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-31 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Method for quickly heating steel sheet |
| EP4321631A3 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-02-28 | G-Tekt Corporation | Molding method, heat treatment system, and molded product |
| EP4316684A4 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2025-03-12 | G-Tekt Corporation | Molding method, heat treatment system, and molded product |
| DE102021109676A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Aerospace Transmission Technologies GmbH | Hardening cell for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL2365100T3 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| US20110214786A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
| DE102010010156A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
| EP2365100B8 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
| CN102191362A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| EP2365100A3 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
| CN102191362B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| HUE029747T2 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
| DE202010018370U1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
| ES2587188T3 (en) | 2016-10-21 |
| EP2365100B1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| US8460484B2 (en) | 2013-06-11 |
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