EP2349845A1

EP2349845A1 - Bulk material bagging device

Info

Publication number: EP2349845A1
Application number: EP09755872A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Heinz Brand; Peter Näf
Original assignee: Buehler AG
Current assignee: Buehler AG
Priority date: 2008-11-07
Filing date: 2009-11-09
Publication date: 2011-08-03
Also published as: CN102202976A; WO2010052325A1; BRPI0921609A2

Abstract

The device according to the invention relates to a bulk material bagging device comprising a bagging carousel (31), a dosing device and a control device, said bagging device issuing pre-defined bulk fill amounts into transport containers (21). Bagging nozzles (32) are provided at the bagging carousel, said nozzles having a pneumatic for hanging a transport container thereon. The bagging carousel (31) comprises at least one device, or a combination of the following devices: Each bagging nozzle (32) comprises at least a switch, preferably a hand switch and especially preferred a retractable hand operated lever valve (206) for actuating the pneumatics; the bagging carousel (31) comprises a foot switch for actuating the pneumatics; the bagging carousel (31) comprises a slide that is mounted prior to the bagging nozzle (32) in the transport direction of the bulk material during dosing.

Description

Bulk-bagging

The present invention relates to a bulk bagging device and a method for bagging predetermined bulk material filling weights in transport containers, in particular in bags, with the features of the preambles of the independent claims.

In addition to the classic transport packaging, specialized filling and packaging facilities for consumer containers are known in the so-called packaging industry. As a rule, fill quantities of a few hundred grams, at most a few kg are created. 5 - 10 kg weights are usually perceived as the upper limit. The size is adapted for easy handling for sale and consumer, and from the point of sale to the end user, for example in the kitchen. Transport containers are mainly used for transport from one processing plant to the next. In the classic case, from the mill to the baker. The weight of transport containers, usually adapted to male employees, is between 20 and 100 kg.

In practice, three levels of automation were developed for the filling of transport bags, according to the specific requirements:

> Automatic portioning, attachment and closing of the bag by hand

> automatic portion supply, attaching the bags by hand fully automatic closing of the bags

> Automatic portioning, fully automatic bag hitching and bag closing It can be seen that in any case, the provision of portions is the basis for all automation levels. The core problem is forming and accurately weighing bulk material portions in a small amount of time. One and the same bulk material can behave differently, whether the goods could mix with air during transport and has got a more or less liquid-like behavior, or if extreme conditions such as heat or cold also disturb the machine elements and resulting adhesive forces between bulk material and wall parts ,

Compared to the dimensions of storage silo systems, the contents of the bag are small portions. Nevertheless, large dimensions are required for the dimensioning of filling devices, for example, from intermediate depots. If it is assumed that room heights of 3 to 4 m, the bagging devices take 1 - 2 floors to complete.

After the bulk weighing scale, we usually use a weighing scale shaker to collect the full contents of the balance in front of the bag in a funnel, which also requires height.

Contrary to the practice of the past two decades, to replace the bag by tank and large container transport, there is now a reverse tendency to small transport container, so the bag. In many countries professional associations require a reduction in the bag weight of, for example, 50 to 25 kg, which, with the same Ausstosgestage a doubling of the number of bags with it. Therefore increasingly bagging stations are required with a very high unit performance. For special fine industrial products such as cement, lime, plastics, etc., the so-called valve sacks are the most common. The product will filled through a beak-like filler neck through a correspondingly small valve opening of the bag. After reaching the desired weight, the bag opening can be closed immediately by prepared paper folds.

The enormous advantage is that the product is only very slightly mixed with air. The main drawback of this system is its limited usability. Cereals, semolina, flour, bran and feed, etc. are known to have very different bulk densities, so that different weights are filled in the same bag size for different products.

In the case of classic flour sacks, on the other hand, a small amount of empty space in the precipitated, closed paper or plastic bag does not interfere because this bag is tightly closed after filling, be it with a sewing machine or with glue.

The bag is suitable for a simple piece goods transport over longer distances and is in many ways a convenient unit for optimal "handling". Depending on the specific good special criteria, such as hygiene issues, dust-free, full bag filling, in the foreground. In almost all cases, the customer demands exact filling weight of each individual bag. But only by a high degree of automation can be cost-effective to fill a large number of bags per hour weight. Legislators generally have to follow certain methodological rules of the game in so-called net bagging scales via calibration regulations. The following weighing procedure results for the creation of a predefined filling quantity:

> O-taring of the weighing container

> Coarse dosage > Fine-tuning

> Sti l l stood

> Checking the filling quantity or the target weight

> possible correction of coarse flow and / or fine flow cut-off point

At higher bagging capacities, O-tare and the control of the filling quantity and, as a result, correction of the fine-flow cut-off point, can only take place cyclically, ie, for example, at every 20th filling. The following influencing factors must also be taken into account:

> the impact pressure of the coarse and fine flow ^ the wake of the coarse and fine flow

^ the different fall height for different bagging weights.

For decades, the so-called bagging scale was created for the special task, most commonly as a net sagging scale. In the bagging scale itself, the predetermined portion weight is prepared weighing accurate, which is filled after attachment of an empty bag to a sack in the kindestest possible time in the bag. In this way, provided from several 100 to more than 1000 servings per hour and filled the product into the appropriate number of bags. In many applications today, much larger services are required, for example up to 2000 servings per hour.

From EP 348 610 A2 a bagging plant is known, which is suitable for the packaging of multicomponent mixtures, wherein the individual components are weighed, dosed and packaged. For this purpose, individual filling stations of the baghouse with combined stocking, weighing and transfer devices equipped, which treat the individual components individually.

From EP 288 415 A2 a bagging device for the gravimetric filling of quantities of bulk material from a storage container via a coarse metering system and a fine metering system is known.

In both known bagging devices (EP 348 61 A2 and EP 288 415 A2), the bulk material is filled in a separate weighing container until the measured weight of bulk material in the container is filled into exactly one bag filling in a bag. During this time, the discharge of the bulk material from the stock in the weighing container is stopped.

EP 348 077 A1 shows a bagging device in which the bulk material is filled directly into a bag and weighed there. It is filled while until the weight of the bulk material in the bag corresponds to the desired Sackfüllgewicht. Then the filling is stopped, the filled bag is hung off, a new bag is attached and only then is the entire process repeated.

All of the above-mentioned bagging devices belong to the category of net bagging scales, which have the disadvantages described below.

In the article "Gravimetric dosing - with a belt scale or differential scale" of the journal "Carts and dosing", No. 6, Nov. 1989, the manual "Handbook of the car", Manfred Koch Siek, Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, 1985, pp. 335-339, and the company brochures "Continuous Weighing and Feeding Equipment", F 9100 e and "Peser et doser en continu", F 9100 f of the company Schenk describes a differential metering balance, which bulk material discharges by means of a discharge from a weighing container. The output depends on the weight loss of the bulk quantity per unit time in the weighing container. This process is known in the relevant literature under the term "differential metering weighing". The aim of such differential dosing scales is to continuously produce a predetermined, temporally constant quantity of bulk material - a continuous stream of bulk material. To generate this continuous flow, the weighing container must be recharged cyclically with bulk material. Since during the reload time no weight decrease of the bulk material in the weighing container can be measured, the differential metering scale switches over to a volumetric discharge. For this purpose, the discharge device is further controlled for a short time at the same speed which was previously determined during the differential metering weighing.

WO 86 05 875 shows an apparatus for automatically detecting a continuous bulk material throughput by means of a continuous scale, consisting of a weighing container and an adjustable closure member for adjusting the outlet cross-section of the weighing container. This device continuously detects the time-varying amount of passing or passing bulk material.

Net bagging scales empty the filling weight suddenly and with very high performance. This creates some serious problems. The bag inflates greatly due to the air displacement through the filling and additionally loads the bag material. In addition, the bed receives a considerable amount of air during emptying of powdery products, so that the venting of the sack is another known problem. The sack must also be chosen as large as possible for reasons of optimal ventilation and rapid filling, However, large bag sockets considerably impair the functional reliability of a mechanical sack container. For products that can be reduced in volume by compaction elements to reduce prepackage or to save expensive bag material, the compaction time increases due to the strong fluidization of the product and reduces the bagging performance.

As a connection from the balance to the sack neck, a scale-bulk hopper is used. Behangserscheinungen in this funnel affect on the one hand the weight accuracy of the pack and on the other hand, the hygiene very negative. Especially with products that are prone to sticking, frequent cleaning, especially of the hopper, is inevitable.

Also known is a bagging device according to EP-B-522102, in which the quantities of bulk material discharged from a weighing container are determined gravimetrically via a differential weight reduction of the weighing container and the quantity discharge is controlled to the predetermined bulk filling weight, wherein the device is also known as Absackkarussell can be designed.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages of the known, in particular therefore to provide a device and a method for the cost-effective and simplified transport container handling and to facilitate the dosing of bulk materials.

These objects are achieved by an apparatus and a method according to the characterizing part of the independent claims. The device according to the invention relates to a bulk material bagging device with a bagging carousel, a metering device and a control device which discharges predetermined quantities of bulk material into transport containers. At Absackkarussell Absackstutzen are provided with a pneumatic for attaching a Transportgebindes. The bagging carousel has at least one or a combination of the following devices: each bagging neck has at least one switch, preferably a manual switch, and most preferably a resettable hand lever valve for actuating the pneumatic; the baggage carousel has a foot switch for actuating the pneumatic; The bagging carousel has a slide, which is upstream of the bagging nozzle in the transport direction of the bulk material during metering.

As Absackkarussell is understood in the context of the present application, a device for slumping bulk materials in transport containers, which has at least one bag neck for attaching a transport container and a trailer position for a transport container, a dosing for dosing of bulk material in the transport container and a discharge position at the Transport container is separated from Absackkarussell. Furthermore, this bagging carousel has means for transporting the transport package from the attachment position to the metering position and to the discharge position.

The pneumatic of the bag neck is designed for attachment of the transport package to the bag neck in such a way that in a later step, the bulk material can be dosed into the transport container.

Under a metering device is in the sense of the application, a device for metering a bulk material in terms of Mass or the volume of the bulk material understood. This may be, for example, a balance with which the material to be dosed is weighed, a time-controlled switch of a defined volume flow or else a device for the portionwise dosing of pre-portioned bulk material volumes. Furthermore, this may also be a forced discharge screw, in which bulk material is conveyed defined by the rotation of the forced discharge screw and thus can be metered into a transport container.

The inventive device using a switch on each Absackstutzen has the advantage that in manual or automatic attachment of the Transportgebindes the correct attachment of the Transportgebindes by an operator of the bulk bagging device is verifiable and then the further steps such as fastening by the switch of the transport package caused by the pneumatic system and the metering of bulk material in the transport container. The attachment of the switch to each bag neck also has the advantage that it is mounted directly adjacent to the pneumatics. Thus, it is not necessary to provide, for example, a central device for controlling the pneumatic, wherein the control signals for the pneumatic must be guided by the bulk bagging device, which come in particular in the usually dusty environment during sagging in particular electrical signal transmission to signal interruptions or false signals can.

This has the further advantage that such a bulk bagging device is cheaper than the prior art, since it is simpler. This is particularly the case when the switch is designed as a pneumatic resettable manual valve. An electric switch However, formed switch for actuating the pneumatic is also possible.

The device according to the invention using a footswitch has the advantage that in the case of manual or also automatic attachment of the transport container, the correct attachment of the transportable container by an operator of the bulk material bagging device can be checked. In contrast to the solution with manual switch, the foot switch is designed as a central switch. The signals for controlling the pneumatic system must therefore be guided through the bulk material bagging device. This has the advantage that only one switch is necessary, which leads to cost advantages and to a further simplified Transportgebindehandhabung.

Preferably, the metering device is designed as a balance with a weighing container.

This has the advantage that the bulk material is conveyed and weighed in a first step in the weighing container and then according to the mass to be filled in the transport container is conveyed. This is therefore a dosage according to the mass to be dosed.

More preferably, the balance is designed as a controlled differential balance, which gravimetrically detects the quantities of bulk material discharged from the weighing container into the transport containers via a differential weight decrease of the weighing container, thereby controlling the discharge of bulk material to the predetermined bulk material filling weight.

This has the advantage, inter alia, that filling portions are controlled by controlling the discharge from the differential balance over the discharge provided differential weight cyclically and filled through a bagging directly into bags and dosed.

In the following, the terms differential weighing and differential dosing weighing are to be clearly distinguished.

In differential weighing, only the weight loss of a starting weight present at an initial time is tracked. For this purpose, the weighing container is filled with a known amount of bulk material and determines the weight of the weighing container, including bulk material. Subsequently, as long as bulk material discharged from the weighing container until the difference of the currently present weight of weighing container and bulk material to start weight exactly corresponds to a predetermined bulk filling weight. It does not matter which amount of weight is delivered within a certain period of time. For example, initially a very large amount of bulk can be discharged within a short time. Subsequently, the more the difference weight approaches the given bulk material filling weight, the slower it is discharged.

In a differential metering weighing, however, a certain weight of bulk material is continuously discharged per unit time, for example, 10 kg of bulk material per second.

Significant disruptive effects no longer exist based on EP B 522 102, for example:

^ Impact pressure of coarse and fine flow

> Afterflow of coarse and fine flow

> varying fall height

> Scale dump and corresponding dust zone > no change

Other sources of interference could be drastically reduced in their influence:

> Only minimal fluidization occurs

> The effort for the compaction of the bulk material in the bag and the need for Sackrüttelung is minimized

^ Reduction of the sack neck

The filling portions are provided cyclically by controlling the discharge from a differential bagging scale via the determination of the differential weight and filled via a bagging directly into bags.

For this purpose, the differential weighing system has a differential weighing container with bulk material dosing and a controlled product discharge, as well as computer means which control both the sack and the weighing container filling process from weight values of the weighing system.

It is cyclically, alternately after each or several fillings a refill of the differential balance tank. It is provided in the differential scale from 1.5 to a maximum of 5 times, preferably 1.5 to 3 times a portion, from which transport bags of 10 to 100 kg weight can be filled.

A bulk bagging device is provided with a scale and a control device, which discharges predetermined bulk material filling quantities from a weighing container into transport containers, wherein the balance is designed as a controlled differential balance, which in each case from the weighing container into the transport container discharged bulk quantities gravimetrically detected by a differential weight loss of the weighing container while controlling the bulk material discharge to the specified bulk material filling weight.

This not only makes the entire filling device simpler, lower and more hygienic, but also allows an enormous automation step, so that the goal of doubling the bagging performance can be achieved without disadvantages.

The device may be further equipped. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the product discharge of the differential bagging scale opens directly into a flow filling nozzle of a bag-tacking device. The weighing process can be improved by arranging a controllable closing device at the end of the discharge area of the differential bagging scale.

For products with unfavorable flow behavior, the apparatus may comprise an upright balance container, a speed controllable discharge screw with a substantially horizontally directed discharge from the balance container, as well as a transfer piece from the balance container to the discharge screw and differential weighing elements, wherein the discharge via gravity directly into the Drainage pipe opens. Preferably, the differential bagging scale has both a coarse and a fine metering, wherein the coarse and the fine discharge are designed as controlled Zwangsaustragselemente, preferably discharge screws. For free-flowing products, however, it is proposed that the product discharge device is designed as a metering with controllable metering slides. In a further embodiment, the differential bagging scale is assigned to a bagging carousel and, in the cycle of the bagging carousel, transfers the respectively predetermined portions via a bagging nozzle, respectively, into the pouring nozzle for bagging.

For the formation of highest bagging capacities, two or more differential bagging scales for a fluid filling nozzle of a bagging carousel are preferably assigned in one system. It can be provided either in tandem or briefly with twice the hourly capacity portions.

It has proved to be particularly advantageous if the flow filling nozzle has a free passage cross-section which is smaller or approximately corresponds to the cross-section of the product discharge from the weighing container. This measure also allows an increase in automation, as a small sock neck is easier to drive through the rapid mechanical movements of the bag trailer. In addition, for a large range of, for example, 20 to 100 kg bags of the same bag neck can be used.

The high capacity bagging stations include two roughing scales and a precision metering balance with associated computer means and the bagging carousel 3-6 (8) fluid filling nozzles, i. Absack, on.

This constellation allows to create programs for an exact control of the product shift, so that, for example, after a certain amount of product that has to be bagged, nowhere remain product remains. Also, product changes can be prepared and carried out more quickly with the same bagging device. It is very particularly preferable for the resettable hand lever valve to be assigned an ejection cylinder for actuating a valve spool.

This has the advantage that a well-serviced pneumatics is made possible, which also has only a small size. Through switched ram valves, i. Valve stem, so the Absackstutzenpneumatik is simplified.

For this purpose, a resettable hand lever valve is preferably provided on each bag neck, which is actuated and returned to the ejector cylinder or electrically.

In particular, the valve stem is thus actuated at a discharge position by means of the ejection cylinder, which returns the resettable hand lever valve. The attachment of the Transportgebindes from Absackstutzen is thereby solved and the transport package detached from the Absackstutzen.

The ejection cylinder preferably presses directly onto the plunger valve.

Most preferably, the foot switch is provided with an electric switch and / or a pneumatic valve.

Preferably, a side packer with an active surface, in particular with a blower grate, is provided, which is driven by means of a drive, in particular a three-phase motor, whereby shaking movements of the active surface can be generated substantially perpendicular to the active surface and preferably has a baffle device. The baffle device is designed in particular as a striking plate. This has the advantage that the bulk material in the transport container is compacted by contact with the effective surface and the shaking movements of the side packer, whereby more bulk material can be metered into the transport container.

By the impact device, the movements, in particular vibrations, the transport package and / or the bulk material in the transport container, whereupon the side packer vibrates movements by means of the active surface, damped or completely suppressed. Thus, the efficiency of the transmission of the vibratory movements is improved on the transport container and thus further increases the compression of the bulk material in the transport container.

For example, the baffle device may be formed as a striking plate with openings that covers the active surface designed as a chafing. For compacting bulk material, a transport container is in contact with the impact plate, wherein shaking movements are transmitted to the transport container by the impact grate, i. the grate engages in the openings of the impact plate and thus creates the operative connection between the grate and the transport container.

Advantageously, the side packer has an aspiration channel. This channel is advantageous under negative pressure relative to a prevailing ambient pressure.

Ambient pressure is understood here and below to mean the atmospheric pressure prevailing in the vicinity of the bulk material bagging device, which may be, for example, in the range from 500 mbar to 1500 mbar. The aspiration channel has the advantage that it can be dissipated by this dust, which is produced during the bagging of bulk material. In particular, when subjected to a transport container with shaking by the side packer dust that is to be dissipated as possible. This advantageously takes place in the vicinity of a dust source, ie in the side packer.

The removal of dust is advantageous because it reduces hygiene, i. the sanitation is improved in the device. In addition, this also improves the service life of the mechanical components, since less contamination also causes less mechanical abrasion in the device.

A further aspect of the present invention is directed to a bulk bagging device with a bagging carousel, a metering device and a control device which discharges predetermined bulk material quantities into transport containers. At Absackkarussell Absackstutzen are provided with a pneumatic for attaching a Transportgebindes. The bulk bagging device has a slide, which is upstream of the bagging neck with respect to the transport direction of the bulk material during dosing.

This has the advantage that the dosage in the transport container is significantly simplified in free-flowing bulk material.

The slider is designed in particular as a two-part slider.

Preferably, the metering device is designed as a balance with a weighing container. More preferably, the balance is designed as a controlled differential balance, which gravimetrically detects the quantities of bulk material discharged from the weighing container into the transport containers via a differential weight decrease of the weighing container, thereby controlling the discharge of bulk material to the predetermined bulk material filling weight.

Another alternative aspect of the invention is directed to a method for sagging of predetermined bulk material quantities in transport containers with a bulk bagging device, in particular with a bulk bagging device. This is done in particular with a bulk bagging device as described above. The bulk bagging device comprises a bagging carousel and at least one bagging nozzle. The method includes in a first step, the connection of a transport container with a Absackstutzen at a trailer position, whereupon a mounted on the Absackstutzen switch is actuated for switching a pneumatic for securing a transport container. In a next step, the sack nozzle with the transport container is moved to a dosing position. Here, a given bulk material filling quantity is metered into the transport container with a metering device. The sack nozzle with the transport container contained in the bulk material filling quantity is moved to a discharge position. In particular, the switch, which is designed as a resettable hand lever valve, reset, preferably automatically. Then the Transportgebindes is replaced by the Absackstutzen. The transport container is then conveyed out of the bulk bagging device.

This method is preferably carried out with the device described above and thus has all the advantages described above. An additional aspect of the present invention is directed to the use of a bulk bagging apparatus as described above for carrying out the method of bagging bulk material described above. In particular, cement, lime, plastics, grain, semolina, flour, bran, animal feed or mixtures of these bulk goods are bagged as bulk goods.

In the following the invention will be further explained by means of exemplary embodiments. The figures show:

Figure 1 shows schematically a Einfachabsackstation with a differential bag scale;

FIG. 2 shows the differential weighing in interaction with a bagging carousel;

FIG. 2a shows the sequence of play of the main sagging movement;

Figure 3,3a weighing principle of a net bag scale;

Figure 4 is a weight-time diagram of a net bagging scale of the prior art;

Figure 5 is a weight-time diagram of the new differential bag scale;

FIG. 6 shows a disposable for a high-performance bagging, for example for 1200 sacks per hour;

FIG. 6a shows the sequence of movement of FIG. 6, analogously to FIG. 2a; FIG. 7 shows a solution analogous to FIG. 1 but with a bag packing machine;

Figure 4-neck bagging carousel for pourable bulk solids;

9 shows a differential bagging scale for low-flow goods on a larger scale;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic of a bag-neck pneumatics with four sack sockets;

FIG. 11 shows a sack shaker;

FIG. 12 shows the station according to the invention for free-flowing products;

FIG. 13 shows a variant for non-free flowing products;

Figure 14 shows a variant combined with a balance;

Figure 15 shows a variant combined with two scales;

Figure 16 schematically shows a detail of a metering device with manual valve

Reference is now made to FIG. 1. A differential scale 1 is supported by columns 2, a platform 3 and weight sensing elements 4, suspended on the ceiling 5, respectively.

The differential weigher 1 essentially consists of a weighing container 6, a transfer piece 7 and a forced discharge screw 8, which are driven by a drive motor 9 via a gear 10. driven and controlled by a computer 11. The coarse and fine flow metering can be carried out with a metering screw with 2 speeds or the fine flow metering via a separately driven, not shown, fine flow screw.

So that no uncontrollable wake arises from the feed 8, the outlet opening 16 is controllably opened and closed via a flap 15 via the computer 11. A bagging head 17, which is supported independently of the differential scale 1 on the floor 18, has a bagging neck 19 and a bag holder 20, which holds a bag 21 firmly clamped in FIG. The displaced by the product in the bag 21 air can escape via an aspiration 22. A product feed head 24 is connected to the weighing container 6 in a dustproof manner via a rubber membrane 23. In the feed head 24 opens a product feed conveyor 25, which is controlled by a drive motor 9 cyclically by the computer 11, in accordance with the balance signal.

FIG. 2 shows a differential scale 1 directly above a bagging carousel 31, on which bagging nozzles 32, 321, 32 '' are visible. It is also important that the bag, especially with pleated bags, evenly filled with product from bottom to top. A compaction system, for example a side packer 33, very effectively compacts the product in the bag by means of vibrating and vibrating movements during the coarse and fine metering from bottom to top. Depending on the problem, a second side packer 33 can also be used, behind a bagging nozzle 32 'or 32 ". After the bag is filled and bagged, the bag is deposited on a conveyor belt 34 and guided through a closing station 35 and provided for transport away. FIG. 2 a shows a time sequence diagram, for example of a bagging carousel according to FIG. 2, with four bagging sockets. The curve 40 indicates the time course of the product refill N in the differential scale 1. The curve 41 represents the course of product discharge from the differential scale 1, where G is the coarse flow, F is the fine flow and B is the settling time for the balance. The line 42 represents the time course of the step movement of the carousel; S means the time for a step movement of a suture about 90 ', in the curve 43 the shaking time R is shown, while the side packer 33 compresses the product.

Figures 3, 3a and 4 serve to explain the technical terms. Here mean product in the weighing container, P = impact pressure, D = Doppler effect, N Nachstrom, FH = fall height.

FIGS. 3 and 3a show that the amount of the afterflow (dotted) depends on the drop height. In FIG. 3 a, the downstream flow is smaller than in FIG. 3. As the fall height increases, the falling speed of the bulk material increases. The narrower the cross section of the weighing vessel, the faster the level of bulk material in the weighing vessel increases. The upward growth of the column of bulk material in the scale against the falling product flow creates an analogous phenomenon as when two cars collide. The impact force is greater in both cases, compared to the impact on a stationary body. In weighing technology this is called the Doppler effect. The effective final weight can only be determined when the backflow in the weighing container has settled and the balance has calmed down. These and other confounding factors must be taken into account in every bulkhead weigher, for example by appropriate time delays. In the weighing technique, a weight-time diagram according to FIG. 4 is known. FIG. 5 shows a weight-time diagram in the differential bulk scale according to the new solution. In the example shown, an interplay between filling the balance and filling the bag is shown.

For the replenishment of the differential weigher it takes approx. 1 - 2 seconds until a weight of approx. 25 kg is reached. Quite essential here is that for the refill with the exception of the last bag quantities does not need to be refilled to an exact predefined weight, as determined after refilling the standstill determination the exact weight in the differential bulk and sent to a computer. Thereafter, the filling weight is discharged with the differential weighing system to a predefined weight (FA), first as a coarse flow and then as a fine flow. The filling weight is reached within approx. 4 seconds. It is particularly interesting that the exact actual weight measurement in the balance immediately applies to the closing of the discharge metering device of the differential weighing weigher, or the moment of leaving the last crumb of the bulk material from the weighing part. The afterglow is already balanced. Doppler effects, impact pressure, etc. have noticeably no influence on the creation of the filling weight, as they take place outside, and afterwards after weighing. All confounding factors listed above have been dispelled from the filling phase and transferred to the refilling phase and thus made harmless for bag filling and weight production.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a complete bagging system. In this case, the sacks are attached by a trailer automatic 40 to the fluid filling nozzle 32 of the bagging carousel 31. The bag filling is alternated between the bulk scale 1, resp. tive 1 'created, with refilling - filling takes place alternately. The fine dosing is controlled by a computer 41 and a corresponding dosing command to a fine dosing scale, which is also equipped as a differential dosing, given. A bulk material metering via metering screw 43, 43 ', and also 43 "can take place via a distributor 44. The bagging carousel is designed as a 6- nozzle carousel, the sixth, 321, being provided for attachment of the bags by hand.

FIG. 6a shows the coordinated functional sequence of the bagging device shown in FIG. 6, analogous to FIG. 2a. Where K = carousel; MWBC-GI = differential bagging scale, coarse flow I; MWBC-GII = differential bagging scale, coarse flow II; MWBC-F = differential bagging scale, fine flow; R = vibrator.

FIG. 7 shows a further, more comfortable embodiment of a so-called bag-packing machine, which is a single-off-nozzle. A single bag 21 is attached analogously to the figure 1, wherein a telescopic bag neck performs a vertical movement V, which in the bag 21 any dust can be avoided. The vertical movement takes place via a pneumatic cylinder 51. This known as a bag packing machine bagging here is supported on a support 53 on the ground, analogous to Figure 1. For the movements are by the operator via an input device the desired data is given. A bagging game then runs in the sequence via a control unit 54, and accordingly the corresponding balance control 55.

In FIG. 8, instead of the differential scale 1 of FIG. 1 with forced discharge, a differential scale 60 for free-flow is provided Goods with adjustable Austragdosierschieber 61, 61 'shown. In this case 63 different metering positions can be selected via pneumatic cylinder 62 and the balance control 63 in order to obtain a rapid yet optimal filling of the bags. There are now some very interesting combinatorial effects. A collecting funnel 64 is formed as a structural unit with the Absackstutzen 32. Both parts are firmly supported like a feed head 65 via a support 66 on the floor 18. The weighing container 6 has top and bottom in the range of rubber sleeves 67, 68 respectively cross-sectional similarity with the fixed transition pieces. Via an air equalization pipe 69, all the air displaced in the bottom of the bag is now directed upwards in a large-area manner so that neither dust nor differential pressure problems arise between the top and the bottom.

In the feed head 65, a controllable slide 71 is arranged under a trimelle 70, which is actuated via a pneumatic cylinder 72. The balance electronics is connected directly to a control box 73, from which the main working commands are given, including a semi-automatic bag clamping device 74.

In the following, reference is now made to FIG. The production flow Pl enters vertically into a differential scale 1 for low-flow goods at the top, and leaves them below again as P2. The flow measuring device has a feed head 102, which is firmly connected to a platform 103 via brackets 104 and supported on the floor 105. An inlet tube 106 as well as a discharge tube 107 are stationary. The weighing member 108 is dustproof relative to the feed head 102 and opposite the discharge pipe 107 via a flexible rubber boot 109. The weighing member 108 consists of an upright balance container 110, which in the lower part of a slight conical taper 110 'has. The scale container 110 and the conical taper are designed as a round tube shape. Between the balance container 110 and a discharge screw 111, an overflow piece 112 is arranged which optimally ensures the transition from the upright tube shape of the balance container 110 into a horizontal tube shape of the discharge screw 111 in terms of product flow. As in Figure 1, the Überleitstück 112 from top to bottom has an approximately constant cross section, and in the embodiment has a shape from round to rectangular. The weighing member 108 is suspended in the circumferential direction on, for example, three weight transducers 113 on the platform 103. Very interesting is the suspension of the whole weighing member 108 including a drive motor 114, so that the drive motor 114 and the discharge screw 111 in each case an opposite direction beyond the weighing part 108 protrude, and to a certain extent with respect to a central axis 115 hold each other the balance. Immediately to the inlet pipe 106 is a Vorbunker 116 which is controlled by a pneumatic cylinder 117 and a bottom flap 118 via an electronic control 119, respektiv a pneumatic signal conversion 120 to selectable program, wherein setpoints for the product discharge from an external computer 121 and the actual value Weight signals are obtained from the weight transducer 113.

The Vorbunker has less than 50% of the maximum capacity of the balance container 110, preferably about 30% to 90%. But this is quite deliberately deviated from the conventional application of a differential scale here, as for the filling of the balance container only a part is vorspeicherbar so that the feed weighing technology is also detected, which is important for the detection of a production flow, if not additional control devices for the Inflow still to be accepted. The balance container has about twice its height, the diameter being 0.3 to 0.6 m. For this purpose, the pipe worm has a diameter of 0.100 to 0.250 m, so that an average ratio of balance tank cross section to pipe worm cross section of about 1:10 is formed.

FIG. 9 shows yet another, particularly interesting design idea in that the drive motor 114 with or without flange-mounted discharge worm shaft 122 can be pulled out like a drawer in the direction of the axis 124 of the discharge worm 111 via an extension 123. This allows very high standards to meet the purity of the product route.

In the upright balance container 110, the product descends steadily in a vertical direction, is guided with the transfer part 112 directly in the feed of the discharge screw shaft 122 and horizontally discharged from the scale container 110 and again vertically via the discharge pipe 7, metrologically newly controlled, steadily discharged.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic of a pneumatic system for bagging nozzles 32 of a bagging carousel.

To each outlet nozzle 32 (only one of which is explicitly shown), a resettable hand lever valve 206 is arranged, which is actuated by means of an ejection cylinder (Kurzhubzylinder) 201. This presses on a plunger valve 202. The solenoid valve 203 controls the ejection cylinder and by means of manual lever valve 206, the pneumatic cylinder 204th A common maintenance unit 205 ensures the reliability of the air supply.

This allows a simple, easy to maintain pneumatics, which also has only a small size.

FIG. 11 shows a side packer (sack vibrator) 33 with a striking plate 210 which covers a baffle 211. The grate 211 is set in motion by means of a three-phase motor, whereby only positive amplitude of the motor-driven eccentric are used for compression strokes. This allows a much higher compression of the bag contents. Also provided is an aspiration port 213 on the impact plate 210, as well as an adjustment 212 of the impact plate to adapt to different blind neck diameter u.a.

The aspiration port 213 serves to remove dust, which arises during the application of a, for example, filled with flour transport container with shaking. As a result, the hygiene is improved in a bulk bagging device.

FIG. 12 shows the differential metering scale and bulk material sagging device according to the invention. Compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the weighing container 6 and the transfer piece 7 are followed by a curved, two-stage slide 90 in front of the bagging head 17. This makes possible a considerable simplification in comparison to a discharge of the screw in the case of easily flowing products.

FIGS. 13-15 show variants for heavy products such as these.

FIG. 16 schematically shows a detail of a bulk material bagging device with a resettable manual valve 206 Feeding of bulk material in a transport container 21 is not shown here.

The bulk material bagging device has a cover 5, through which a carousel drive 93 is guided for receiving a bagging carousel 31. This bagging carousel 31 has a plurality of bagging nozzles 32 for receiving transport containers 21. The bagging nozzles 32 each have a switch designed as a resettable manual valve 206. This resettable manual valve 206 corresponds to the resettable manual valve 206 described in FIG.

The transport container 21 is suspended manually at the attachment position by an operator on the bag neck 32. Thereafter, a closing pulse for the pneumatics not shown here for attaching the transport container 21, i. a clamping device, triggered by pressing the resettable manual valve 206. As a result, a rotation of the bagging carousel 31 is triggered, whereby the transport container 21 is moved to a metering position. A predetermined bulk filling quantity is then metered into the transport container 21, whereupon the bagging nozzle 32 is moved with the transport container 21 containing the bulk material to a discharge position. The transport container 21 is now detached from the Absackstutzen 32. Further embodiments of the invention relate to:

a) bulk bagging device with a scale and a control device, which discharges predetermined bulk material quantities from a weighing container into transport containers, wherein the balance is designed as a controlled differential scale, which in each case discharged from the weighing container in the transport package bulk quantities via a differential weight loss of the weighing container detected gravimetrically and thereby the Schüttgutmengen discharge to the specified bulk material filling weight controls and which is designed as Absackkarussell, with Absackstutzen the Absackkarussells is provided with a Pneu ^¬ matic for attaching a bag having at least one resettable hand lever valve or a foot switch.

b) bagging device as described in a), wherein the differential scale is designed for transferring predetermined proportions on the Absackstutzen or flow-filling columns in the cycle of the bagging carousel.

c) bagging device as described in b), wherein that a flow-filling nozzle position two differential scales are assigned.

d) bagging device as described in a) to c), wherein a further flow-Füllstutzenposition is associated with a further controlled differential scale.

e) bagging device as described in d), wherein the at least two differential scales are coordinated with each other so that they admit two to the given bulk filling weight ad ^¬ dierende portions in the transport container, where the first portion as a coarse flow and the second as a fine flow from ^{¬ is} worn.

f) Bagging device as described in a) to e), wherein the control device has at least one controllable slide (61, 61 '). g) bagging device as described in a) to e), wherein the control device Zwangsaustrageelemente, in particular Austrageschnecken presents.

h) Bagging device as described in a) to g), wherein the

Output of the stone device in the formed as a flow filling nozzle bag neck of a Sackanhängevorrichtung opens.

i) bagging device as described in h), wherein the fluid filling nozzle has a free passage cross section, which corresponds approximately to the cross section of the output of the control device or is smaller.

j) bagging device as described in g) to i), wherein at the output (16) of the control device, a closing device is arranged.

k) bagging device as described in a) to j), wherein it is designed for filling products with unfavorable flow behavior, wherein

- The differential scale comprises an upright weighing container with differential weighing elements;

- The control device comprises a substantially horizontally oriented, speed controllable discharge screw with an opening into the Absackstutzen output; and

- Between transfer container and discharge screw a transfer is arranged.

1) bagging device as described in a) to d), wherein the hand lever valve is associated with an ejection cylinder, followed by a valve stem. m) bagger as described in a), wherein a side loader is provided with a shock grid, which is driven by a rotary current motor, in which only positive Amplitu are effective ^¬ on the blow grill.

n) bagging device as described in a), the foot

Switch is provided with an electric switch and / or a pneumatic valve.

Further alternative embodiments of the invention relate to:

A) bulk bagging device with a balance and a control device, which discharges predetermined bulk material quantities from a weighing container into transport containers, the balance being designed as a controlled differential balance, wel ^¬ che from the weighing container in the transport container ever ^¬ discharged discharged bulk quantities detected gravimetrically via a differentielee weight loss of the weighing container while controlling the bulk material discharge to the given bulk material filling weight and which is designed as Absackkarussell, characterized in that the weighing container ^¬ ter a slide is arranged downstream.

B) bagging device as described in A), wherein the differential scale is designed to transfer predetermined proportions on the bag neck or flow-filling columns in the cycle of the bagging carousel.

C) bagging device as described in B), wherein a flow filling nozzle position two differential scales are assigned. D) bagging device as described in A) to C), wherein a further flow-Füllstutzenposition is associated with a further controlled differential scale.

E) bagging device as described in A) to D), wherein the hand lever valve is associated with an ejection cylinder, followed by a valve stem.

F) bagging device as described in E), wherein a side packer is provided with a blower grate, which is driven by means of a three-phase motor, with only positive Amplitu ^¬ the effect on the chaff rust.

G) bagging device as described in E), wherein the foot switch is provided with an electric switch and / or a pneumatic valve.

Reference numerals, 1 ', 60, 108 differential scale column platform, 113 differential weighing elements ceiling, 110 weighing container, 112 transfer element, 111 control device (forced discharge screw), 114 drive motor 0 gear 1, 15 closing device (computer) 5 flap 6 outlet 7 bag head 8 , 105 Bottom 9, 32, 32 ', 32''Bag neck 0 Bag holder 1 Transport bag (bag) 2 Aspiration 3 Rubber membrane 4 Product feed head 5 Product feed conveyor 1 Bagging carousel 3 Side packer 4 Conveyor belt 5 Closing station 6, 37, 39 Curve 8 Line 0 Automatic trailer 3, 43 ', 43''dosing screw 4 distributor Fill screw, 62, 72, 117, 204 pneumatic cylinder, 66 supports

Control unit, 63 Balance control, 61 'Discharge dosing slide

Collecting funnel, 102 feed head, 109 rubber sleeves

Cross-cut tie

Air balance pipe

Trimelle

control box

Bag clamp

metering

pusher

bulk

Carousel drive3 Platform 4 Console 6 Inlet pipe 7 Discharge pipe 0 Balance tank 0 'Conical taper1, 122 Discharge screw 5 Center axis 6 Bunker 8 Bottom flap 9 Control 0 Signal conversion 1 Calculator 3 Extract 4 Axis 201 ejection cylinder

201 short-stroke cylinder

202 plunger valve

203 solenoid valves

205 Maintenance unit

206 manual valve

210 striking plate

211 whipped cream

212 adjustment

213 aspiration port

Claims

claims

1. bulk material bagging device with a bagging carousel (31), a metering device (80) and a control device, which predetermined bulk quantities in transport container

(21), characterized in that bagging sockets (32) of the bagging carousel (31) are provided with a pneumatic system for suspending a transport container (21), the bagging carousel comprising at least one or a combination of the following devices:

- Each bagging nozzle (32) has at least one switch, preferably a manual switch and particularly preferably a resettable hand lever valve, for actuating the pneumatic;

- The baggage carousel (31) has a foot switch for actuating the pneumatics;

- The bulk bagging device has a slide (90), which is upstream of the Absackstutzen (32) with respect to the transport direction of the bulk material during dosing.

2. bagging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the metering device (80) as a balance (1, 1 ', 108) with a weighing container (6, 110) is formed.

3. bagging device according to claim 2, characterized in that the balance (1, 1 ', 108) as a controlled differential scale

(1, 1 ', 108), which gravimetrically detects the quantities of bulk material discharged from the weighing container (6, 110) into the transport containers (21), in particular via a differential weight decrease of the weighing container (6, 110), and thereby the bulk material discharge to the pre-defined Bene bulk filling weight controls (8, 11, 61, 111, 121).

4. bagging device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the resettable hand lever valve (206) is associated with an ejection cylinder (201) for actuating a valve stem (202).

5. Bagging device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the foot switch is provided with an electric switch and / or a pneumatic valve.

6. Bagging device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a side packer (33) with an active surface, in particular with a flap (211) is provided, which is driven by means of a drive, in particular a three-phase motor, whereby Rüttelbewegungen the Active surface can be generated substantially perpendicular to the active surface, wherein the side packer (33) preferably a baffle device, in particular a striking plate (210).

7. bulk bagging device with a bagging carousel (31), a metering device (80) and a control device, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 6, which discharges predetermined bulk material quantities in transport containers (21), characterized in that a slide (90 ) is preceded by the Absackstutzen (32) with respect to the transport direction of the bulk material during dosing.

8. bagging device according to claim 7, characterized in that the metering device (80) as a balance (1, 1 ', 108) with a weighing container (6, 110) is formed.

9. bagging device according to claim 8, characterized in that the balance (1, 1 ', 108) as a controlled differential balance

(1, 1 ', 108), which gravimetrically detects the quantities of bulk material discharged from the weighing container (6, 110) into the transport containers (21), in particular via a differential weight decrease of the weighing container (6, 110), and thereby controls the bulk material discharge to the specified bulk filling weight (8, 11, 61, 111, 121)

10. A method for sagging of predetermined bulk material quantities in transport containers (21) with a bulk bagging device, in particular with a bulk bagging device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a bagging carousel with at least one bagging socket, comprising the following steps:

- Connecting a transport container (21) with a Absackstutzen (32) at a trailer position;

- actuating a manual switch attached to the bag neck (32) for switching a pneumatic system for fastening a transport container (21);

- Moving the Absackstutzen (32) with the Transportgebindes (21) to a metering position;

- Dosing a given bulk material filling with a metering device (80) in the transport container

(21);

- Moving the Absackstutzen (32) with the bulk material Füllmenge contained Transportgebindes (21) to a discharge position;

- Removing the transport container (21) from the Absackstutzen (32) and promote the Transportgebindes (21) from the bulk bagging device.

11. Use of a device according to one of claims 1 to 9 for carrying out a method according to claim 10 for slumping bulk material, in particular bulk materials from the list of the following products or mixtures thereof: cement, lime, plastics, cereals, semolina, flour, bran , Feed.