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EP2208268B1 - Bougie d'allumage a support pour electrode de masse - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage a support pour electrode de masse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2208268B1
EP2208268B1 EP08846605A EP08846605A EP2208268B1 EP 2208268 B1 EP2208268 B1 EP 2208268B1 EP 08846605 A EP08846605 A EP 08846605A EP 08846605 A EP08846605 A EP 08846605A EP 2208268 B1 EP2208268 B1 EP 2208268B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground electrode
spark plug
chamber
carrier
electrode
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EP08846605A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2208268A1 (fr
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Christian Francesconi
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/54—Sparking plugs having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • spark plugs are known from the prior art, for example JP-A-2007 035570 ,
  • the aim of the invention is to simplify the production of such spark plugs, especially in view of the fact that complicated to be made complex components are avoided and the spark plug is made of easily manufacturable parts. This is particularly important for mass production. Furthermore, the electrical properties of such spark plugs should at least match those of comparable spark plugs, if not exceed these properties. Accordingly, care must be taken to ensure optimum power supply to the individual ground electrodes. Furthermore, a spark plug according to the invention should allow it to be formed as a prechamber spark plug or as a swirl chamber spark plug. Finally, the ignition properties and the thermal conductivity of the ignition electrodes should be optimized to achieve better hot corrosion resistance.
  • the arrangement of the ground electrodes on a separate carrier ensures a uniform supply of current to the ground electrodes, without any current dissipation, e.g. via an antechamber or vortex chamber in direct contact with the ground electrodes.
  • the ground electrode carrier is arranged at a distance from the inner wall surface of the chamber, that is, an antechamber or vortex chamber, the ground electrodes and their support constitute a system independent of the wall portion of the chamber. This allows easy readjustment of the electrodes and thus can Use-related electrode burn-off to be corrected. Due to the possibility of making the carrier and the ground electrodes in particular as a one-piece component, considerable advantages in terms of manufacture result.
  • ground electrodes can be manufactured as a one-piece component and that there is a gap between the ground electrode carrier and the inner wall of the pre-chamber or swirl chamber results in improved thermal conductivity from the ignition electrodes to the spark plug housing.
  • the particular shape of the ground electrodes and the manner of application of noble metal alloy provides further advantages in terms of improved ignition performance.
  • a particularly simple production with stable construction of the spark plug is achieved by the special shape of the mass electrode carrier.
  • the cylindrical ring Cross-section having mass electrode support is adjusted in a simple manner in a circumferentially constant distance from the inner wall surface of the wall part of the vortex or pre-chamber, so that defined conditions with respect to combustion and power line arise.
  • the structure and assembly of the spark plug are simplified, since the cylindrical annular ground electrode carrier and also a cylindrical ring-shaped cross-section vortex chamber or an antechamber in a simple manner can be placed on the spark plug and fastened there.
  • the ground electrode carrier can be formed on its inner wall surface with a thread or also have a smooth surface; the same applies to a vortex chamber or antechamber.
  • Either the ground electrode carrier or the vortex chamber or the pre-chamber are screwed onto the respective protruding paragraphs of the spark plug housing and possibly set by welding in position or these components are pushed with the most accurate fit on the spark plug and secured in position, in particular by welding.
  • the features of claim 2 provide a simply constructed ground electrode.
  • At least one nose can be formed, which fixes the cylinder ring in its position.
  • the ground electrode carrier, the cylinder ring and the pre-chamber or the swirl chamber abut each other to ensure good heat transfer and / or good power line.
  • the features of claim 4 offer advantages in terms of the function of the spark plug.
  • ground electrode carrier It is advantageous if one, three or five ground electrodes are carried by the ground electrode carrier and / or if the ground electrodes are distributed on the ground electrode carrier equidistant from each other about the center electrode and / or if each of the finger-like ground electrodes extending from the ground electrode carrier is transverse to its longitudinal extent has at least in some areas rechteckfömigen or cylindrical ring section-shaped cross-section.
  • the ground electrode supports are easy to manufacture or give good burn-off properties.
  • the spark plug contributes when the at least one or each of the ground electrode (s) in the form of a finger goes off the carrier and its brennraum suiter end portion extending parallel to the longitudinal axis and / or the facing surface region of the center electrode and / or if the spark gap between is formed parallel to the longitudinal axis extending, opposite surface areas of the ground electrode and the center electrode.
  • the spark plug housing can be manufactured with the required accuracy without too much effort.
  • the distance between the outer surface of the ground electrode carrier and the wall part of the chamber is smaller than the thickness of the wall part of the chamber and / or that the thickness of the ground electrode carrier is three to fifteen times, preferably is five to ten times, the thickness of the spark gap and / or that the distance between the outer wall surface of the ground electrode carrier and the inner wall surface of the chamber 50 to 200% of the thickness of the spark gap.
  • combustion chamber end of the wall portion of a vortex chamber overhangs the combustion chamber end of the center electrode and / or the ground electrodes and / or that in the wall portion of the chamber opposite each ground electrode extending parallel to the ground electrode, optionally open to the combustion chamber end of the Wandungsmaschines slot is formed, which frees the access to the end region of the ground electrode, improve the ignition characteristics of the spark plug or allow readjustment of the ground electrodes relative to the center electrode.
  • the wall part of the chamber and the carrier are electrically conductive and are electrically connected to the spark plug housing and / or if each finger-shaped ground electrode from its wearer in the direction is bent toward the center electrode and after another turn in a direction substantially parallel to the center electrode and / or if the wall part of the chamber, the envelope and / or the at least one ground electrode with its support of nickel-based alloy and / or high temperature stainless steel and / or hot corrosion resistant , are made of heat conductive metal alloys, and / or that the antechamber is made of brass.
  • An embodiment of a spark plug which is optimized with regard to the burn-off properties and the accuracy of the ignition is achieved if it is provided that the wall part of the chamber and the carrier are electrically conductive and electrically conductively connected to the spark plug housing and / or that each finger-shaped ground electrode is separated from its Carrier is bent in the direction of the center electrode and after a further turn in a direction approximately parallel to the center electrode and / or that the wall portion of the chamber, the envelope and / or the at least one ground electrode are made with its support made of nickel-based alloy and / or high-temperature stainless steel and / or hot corrosion-resistant, good thermal conductivity metal alloys, and / or that the pre-chamber is made of brass.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through an embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 . 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e show embodiments of a center electrode.
  • Fig. 3 shows an applied noble metal alloy.
  • 4 and 5 show views of an embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 . 7 . 10 and 11 show embodiments of a spark plug according to the invention.
  • Fig. 8, 9 . 12, 13 and 14a to f schematically show the application of noble metal alloy on corresponding surface areas of a ground electrode or a center electrode.
  • Fig. 15 shows in detail a cylinder ring inserted between a ground electrode carrier and the inner wall surface of a vortex chamber.
  • Fig. 1 shows a spark plug for use in an internal combustion engine, in particular for their use in a gasoline engine.
  • a spark plug housing 2 is supported, wherein from the insulating body 1, a base center electrode 3a is enclosed or going off.
  • the center electrode 3 is mounted on this base center electrode 3a of the spark plug.
  • This center electrode 3 may be formed of a single pin-like component. It can be provided that, as in the present case, the center electrode 3 is filled with a material 3b of high thermal conductivity in order to allow a better heat conduction from the electrode surfaces 12 to the base center electrode 3a.
  • the combustion-chamber-side end of the center electrode 3 may be formed by a quiver 28, which is advantageously fastened to the base center electrode 3 a, in particular by repeated welding, in the region 3 '. This leads to a further improvement in heat dissipation.
  • At least one ground electrode 4 is arranged over the circumference of the center electrode 3.
  • one, three or five ground electrode (s) 4 are supported by a ground electrode support 6, and desirably the ground electrodes 4 are distributed on the ground electrode support 6 equidistantly around the center electrode 3.
  • the ground electrode carrier 6 is carried by the spark plug housing 2, or is fixed thereto or departing therefrom.
  • the at least one ground electrode 4 is in the form of a finger from the carrier 6 or finger-like ground electrodes 4 may be fixed or welded to the carrier 6.
  • the fingers 4 and the carrier 6 can also be designed as a one-piece component.
  • the combustion chamber side end portion 11 of the fingers extends parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the spark plug or to the facing surface region 12 of the center electrode 3.
  • the ignition gap 13 is formed between the opposing surface areas 26, 12 of the ground electrode 4 and the center electrode 3.
  • the spark plug housing 2 has two concentric, cylindrical end shoulders 17, 18, of which the inner end shoulder 17 projects beyond the outer end shoulder 18 in the direction of the combustion chamber.
  • the inner dimensions of the wall part 8 and the ground electrode carrier 6 are adapted to the respective outer dimensions of the end paragraphs 17 to 18.
  • a simple mounting of the carrier 6 or a chamber 5a or 5b results when on the concentric, circular periphery owning Endab mechanismsn 17, 18 each have an external thread and on the inner wall surface 19 of the Wandungsteils 8 of the respective chamber 5a, 5b and on the inner wall surface 20 of the carrier 6 is formed in each case one adapted to the respective external thread internal thread.
  • the heat conduction from the electrodes 4 to the spark plug housing 2 is improved when the carrier 6 is screwed or welded onto the end paragraph 18 or screwed or placed and then welded or connected by multiple circumferential welds with the final paragraph 18.
  • the ground electrode carrier 6, and in particular also the portion 41 of each finger-like ground electrode 4 leaving the carrier 6, are arranged at a distance 21 from the inner wall surface 7 of the chamber 5a or 5b. This distance is provided in order to ensure a defined or independent current flow in the ground electrode carrier 6 and the chamber 5a and 5b and the wall part 8 regardless of the ground electrode support 6 screw on the spark plug housing 2 or to be able to remove it. Furthermore, as already mentioned above, the distance 21 enables an independent or defined heat dissipation from the electrodes 4 to the spark plug housing 2.
  • a spark plug is shown with a chamber which is formed as antechamber 5a and thus surrounds the mass electrodes 4 and the center electrode 3 on the peripheral side and the combustion chamber side, ie on all sides.
  • 5 . 6 and 10 is a Spark plug with a vortex chamber 5b shown, which surrounds the ground electrodes 4 and the center electrode 3 only circumferentially.
  • the spark plug according to the invention may have an antechamber 5a or a swirl chamber 5b. Also, mixed types or modifications of such chambers can be provided.
  • the wall part 8 of the combustion chamber side open vortex chamber 5b or the wall part 8 of the center electrode 3 and the ground electrodes 4 surrounding prechamber 5a and the ground electrode carrier 6 have annular cross-section or are each formed by a cylinder ring.
  • a delimiting or final, preferably flat or dome-shaped, end wall 9 is worn or integrally formed with the wall part 8, wherein advantageously in Wall part 8 and / or in the end wall 9 passage recesses 10 are formed for the passage of ignited gas jets.
  • the total area of the passage recesses 10 in the end wall 9 of the antechamber 5a is 1 to 3%, preferably 1.5 to 2.5%, of the surface of the end wall 9.
  • a simple production and the ignition properties are supported when the carrier 6 and the cylindrical annular wall part 8 of the respective chamber 5a, 5b are arranged concentrically to form a predetermined distance 21 to each other.
  • the distance 21 between the support 6 and the wall part 8 of the respective chamber 5a, 5b is advantageously less than the thickness 22 of the wall part 8 of the chamber 5a, 5b.
  • the thickness 23 of the carrier 6 may be three to fifteen times, preferably five to ten times, of the spark gap 13.
  • the distance 21 between the outer wall surface 29 of the carrier 6 and the inner wall surface 7 of the chamber 5a and 5b is advantageously 50 to 200% of the thickness of the spark gap 13.
  • Each finger-shaped ground electrode 4 is advantageously bent from its support 6 directly or by forming a direction of the support wall continuing section 41 in the direction of the center electrode 3 and has after another turn 30 to the center electrode 3 approximately parallel direction. This ensures that the base formed by the ground electrode support 6 a correspondingly greater distance from the center electrode 3 than those surfaces of the ground electrode 4, which limit the spark gap 13 with the center electrode 3.
  • Fig. 2 . 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e As can also be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, side-by-side tracks 40 made of a noble-metal alloy 24 are applied or melted in circumferential regions or on radially outwardly facing surface regions 12 of the center electrode 3 and / or on the surface 26 of the respective finger-shaped ground electrodes facing the center electrode 3.
  • Fig. 2b can the noble metal alloy accordingly Fig. 2 and 2a be applied to areas 48 of the cylindrical portion of the center electrode 3, which are formed at most of welded or integrally molded plate-shaped areas or elevations. Also on the ground electrodes 4 such raised portions 48 can be formed, to which the noble metal alloy is melted.
  • the ground electrode (s) 4 is finger-shaped and are the combustion chamber end located end portions 11 of the individual ground electrodes 4 at a constant distance from the center electrode 3 in the longitudinal direction and / or parallel extend to the ignition gap 13 forming surface 12 of the center electrode 3.
  • noble metal alloy 24 is applied or formed , in particular melted or welded.
  • the noble metal alloy 24 is in particular formed from Ir / Rh, Pt / Rh, Ir / Pt / Rh and is alloyed or melted onto the respective surface by means of a laser operated continuously or advantageously discontinuously.
  • the wall part 8 of the chamber 5a, 5b, the sheath 28 of the center electrode 3 and / or the at least one ground electrode 4 with its carrier 6 are made of nickel-based alloy and / or high-temperature stainless steel and / or hot corrosion-resistant, good thermal conductivity metal alloys; the antechamber 5a can also be made of brass.
  • the noble metal alloy 24 in adjacent, optionally overlapping or closely dense or merging with their lateral areas tracks 40 parallel or transverse to the longitudinal extent of the center electrode 3 on the the ignition gap 13 limiting surfaces of the center electrode 3 and / or on the end portions 11 of the individual ground electrodes 4 is applied.
  • the deposition of the noble metal or the formation of the webs takes place in the axial direction of the spark plug or parallel to the longitudinal direction of the center electrode 3.
  • the noble metal alloy 24, in particular in adjacent webs 40 is applied in a plurality of superimposed layers 41 in order to form corresponding layer thicknesses. It is also possible to melt the precious metal alloy 24 scaly webs and / or applied in adjacent and / or superimposed webs, such as Fig. 3 shows in section.
  • a high stability is achieved when the noble metal alloy 24 by melting or welding of platinum and / or iridium and / or Pt / Rh and / or Ir / Rh or fused with surface areas (n) of the center electrode 3 and / or end regions (n ) 11 of the respective ground electrode (s) 4 is formed or applied.
  • the noble metal alloy sheets 40 4 noble metal alloy electrode platelets may be applied, in particular welded, to the raised regions 48 of the center electrode 3 and / or the end surface regions 11 of the respective ground electrode (s). Fig. 2c, 2d, 2e ).
  • the number of finger-shaped ground electrodes 4 is odd or that the ground electrodes 4 do not face each other with respect to the central axis A of the center electrode 3.
  • the application of the noble metal alloys 24 to the outgoing from the carrier 6 ground electrodes 4 is easily possible.
  • ground electrodes are easily possible if they are already attached to the ground electrode support 6 or integral with it, as with the corresponding application tools, that is laser welders and a correspondingly supplied noble metal alloy wire, easy access to the noble metal alloy 24 to be coated surface areas Is found.
  • the surface of the ground electrode 4 facing the center electrode 3 and / or its noble metal alloy 24 may be adapted to the surface course of the center electrode 3 or the noble metal alloy 24 applied thereto or have a comparable curvature.
  • the ignition gap 13 or the distance between the individual ground electrodes 4 and the center electrode 3 and the noble metal alloy 24 applied to the respective ground electrode 4 and / or on the center electrode 3 0.1 to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.15 to 0.5 mm.
  • Stable ignition surfaces are obtained when the noble metal alloy 24 is applied in particular adjacent tracks 40, wherein the width B of the applied webs 40 is 1.5 to 8 times, preferably 2 to 5 times, the height H of the applied web 40 , It is advantageous if the width B of an applied web 40 is one third to one tenth, preferably one quarter to one eighth, the width of the end region 11 of a finger-shaped ground electrode 4 in the region of the ignition gap 13.
  • the cross-section of the tracks 40 may be rectangular or correspond to the elongated half of an ellipsoid.
  • finger-shaped ground electrodes 4 are bent from its support 6 to the center electrode 3 and that at this bent portion 51, an end portion 11 of the finger-like ground electrode 4 connects, which is substantially parallel to the surface of the center electrode. 3 runs and the center electrode 3 facing surface 26 and / or the surface 14 of the end portion 11 of the ground electrode 4, the noble metal 24 has.
  • Fig. 1 For the operation and the ignition behavior of the spark plugs, it is, as in Fig. 1 illustrated, advantageous when in the wall part 8 and / or in the top wall 9 of the antechamber 5a through recesses 10 are formed, exits through the ignited in the antechamber 5a fuel in the form of burning gas jets, the arrangement and direction of the individual für Stammsaus fundamentalungen 10 is made so that a number, preferably all, of the gas jets leaving the pre-chamber 5a propagate in diverging directions.
  • the end wall 9 and the cylindrical wall 8 of the antechamber 5a may be integrally formed or joined together by welding.
  • a wire or rod 44 made of noble metal alloy 24 of the respective surface 12, 26 is approximated and moved either parallel or transversely relative to the respective longitudinal extension of the finger of the ground electrode 4 and the surface or axis of the center electrode 3 and with the material of the finger 4th or the center electrode 3 or with already applied noble metal alloy firmly connected or welded or fused.
  • the melting and / or welding is carried out according to the invention throughout with a pulsed laser beam 43.
  • Fig. 8 schematically shows the application of noble metal alloy 24 in tracks 40 which are parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the center electrode 3. Similarly, the noble metal alloy can be applied in tracks on the surface 26 of the end portion 11 of the ground electrodes 4. When applying the noble metal alloy 24, a relative movement takes place between the rod or wire 44 and the surface 12 or 26.
  • Fig. 9 shows the application of noble metal alloy 24 on the end portion 11 of a finger-like ground electrode 4 transverse to the longitudinal extent of the ground electrode 4.
  • This ground electrode 4 is advantageously already connected during the application of the noble metal alloy 24 with the ground electrode support 6 or formed integrally therewith.
  • the noble metal alloy 24 may be deposited in adjacent webs 40 and / or limited local elongate regions, or deposited in superimposed layers 41. Depending on the desired composition of the noble metal alloy 24, mixing or alloying of, if appropriate, applied in successive application steps, possibly different noble metal alloys 24 with one another or with the surface material can take place during application.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show the application of noble metal alloy 24 on elevations 48, which are formed on a center electrode 3 in particular integrally therewith. Such surveys are from the Fig. 2 and 2a to 2e seen. Again, the noble metal alloy 24 is melted in the course of a relative movement between the center electrode 3 and the rod or wire 44 by means of a laser beam 43.
  • the wire or bar 44 is made of noble metal alloy 24 accordingly Fig. 14a positioned on the region of the electrode 3 to be alloyed and then at the front and rear ends by means of a Melting point 56 fixed. In the same way can be applied to the surfaces 26 of the ground electrodes 4 noble metal alloy.
  • the fixed piece of wire 57 is then melted or bonded to the surface 12. It can also gem.
  • Fig. 14a to 14e a plurality of wire portions 57 are attached side by side and only as a final step, the entire noble metal wire pieces with the surface of the center electrode 3 and the surface of the end portion 11 of the ground electrode carrier fingers 4 fused or applied to these surfaces.
  • FIGS. 6, 10 and 11 show an embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention, in which the center electrode 3 has a plurality of substantially mutually parallel, identically formed, fingers 31, which in each case a finger-shaped ground electrode 4 is opposite.
  • the mutually facing, the ignition gap 13 bounding surfaces 26 of the fingers 31 of the center electrode 3 and the finger-shaped ground electrodes 4 carry adjacent molten sheets 40 of precious metal alloy 24.
  • the individual finger-shaped ground electrodes 4 are arranged on a ground electrode carrier 6, which is arranged at a distance 18 from the inner wall surface of the wall electrode 8 surrounding this grounding member 8 an antechamber 5a and a swirl chamber 5b.
  • the tracks 40 of the noble metal alloy 24 on the center electrode 3 and on the ground electrode 4 are parallel to each other.
  • the tracks 40 on the center electrode 3 are parallel with respect to the tracks 40 on the ground electrode 4.
  • the ground electrode carrier 6 and the wall part 8 of the chamber 5 a, 5 b are electrically conductively connected to the spark plug housing 2.
  • the center electrode 3 is connected to the base center electrode 3a of the spark plug by welding, and this base center electrode 3a is guided in the insulator body 1 and electrically insulated from the housing by the insulator body.
  • the shape, number and size of the passage openings 10 and the flushing openings 15 in the wall part 8 is adapted to the intended use.
  • Fig. 11 shows a spark plug with a swirl chamber 5b.
  • Fig. 1 it is shown that the finger-shaped ground electrodes are integrally formed with the carrier 6; However, it is readily possible to weld the ground electrodes 4 to the carrier 6.
  • Fig. 3 shows the application of a noble metal alloy 24 in the form of juxtaposed, possibly laterally overlapping webs 40, wherein the individual webs 40 can also be applied in the form of superposed layers 41.
  • the ratio of the width B and the height H of the individual webs depends on the selected alloy material and the base material.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of a center electrode 3, which is composed of an electrode inner part 27 and a cylindrical inner shell 28 surrounding this cylindrical shell 28, are formed on the elevations 48.
  • the electrode inner part can be advantageously carried out of good heat conducting material 3b.
  • the opposite, the ignition gap delimiting surfaces 11, 26 of the finger-shaped ground electrodes 4 and the center electrode 3 may be formed such that over the width and height of the Zündspaltes 13, the opposing surfaces, apart from the curves of the individual webs 40, parallel.
  • the noble metal alloy layers applied to the ground electrodes 4 and the electrode 3 may advantageously have the same structure or surface structure.
  • a noble metal alloy 24 not only the alloys of precious metals used but also the pure metals are understood. It is possible to apply pure metals or different noble metal alloys and to melt an alloy during application. The pure metals can also be deposited or applied unalloyed and form the ignition surfaces.
  • the surface 26 of the ground electrodes 4, which faces the center electrode 3, extends over a length range of the ground electrode 4 as it leaves the electrode carrier 6 to an extent of about 30 to 70%, in particular 40 to 60%.
  • the ground electrodes have over their longitudinal extension a substantially constant cross-sectional shape, in particular in its portion along which the surface 26 is formed. This particular from the Fig. 1 . 4 and 5 apparent form of the ground electrodes 4 allows easy production of existing sheets or blanks and results in a defined power and heat dissipation. This constant cross-section is present in particular in the section of the ground electrodes 4, which is located on the combustion chamber side of the turn 51.
  • the ground electrodes 4 are designed such that they extend from their support 6 substantially straight and without bending in the direction of the combustion chamber and have a constant cross-sectional shape over their longitudinal extension. After a turn in the end in the direction of the intended center electrode ends the bent portion of the ground electrode 4 and forms an ignition surface 26 from.
  • the finger-like center electrodes opposite the ground electrodes 4 have a surface 12 facing the surface 26 and are derived from a center electrode 3 placed on a base electrode 3a.
  • FIG. 15 shows a detailed view of a spark plug according to the invention.
  • a cylinder ring 50 is inserted in a gap 21 between the ground electrode support 6 and the wall part 8 of an antechamber or a vortex chamber.
  • This cylinder ring 50 can be held in position with at least one nose 53 formed on the inner wall surface 19 of the wall part 8 and / or welded to the support 6 and / or the shoulder 17.
  • the wall portion 50 is in operation after appropriate thermal expansion with its outer surface on the inner wall surface 19 of the chamber and with its inner wall surface on the outer wall surface 52 of the ground electrode carrier 6 at.
  • the cylinder ring 50 is just like the ground electrode support 6 on the end paragraph 17, of which the ground electrode support 6 is supported or supported.
  • the cylinder ring 50 may be made of brass.
  • the height H of the cylinder ring 50 is 50 to 100% of the distance between the end paragraph 17 and the bend 51 of the finger-like electrodes.
  • the cylinder ring 50 may advantageously be made of metal or ceramic and

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne la bougie d'allumage d'un moteur à combustion interne, notamment une bougie d'allumage destiné à être utilisée dans des moteurs à allumage commandé au gaz, comprenant un corps (2), de préférence monobloc, supporté par un élément isolant (1), ainsi qu'une électrode centrale (3), notamment en forme de tige ou de doigts, et au moins une électrode de masse (4), de préférence plusieurs électrodes de masse, l'électrode centrale (3) et ladite au moins une électrode de masse (4) étant entourées d'une chambre supportée par le corps (2) de la bougie d'allumage, notamment d'une préchambre (5a) ou d'une chambre de turbulence (5b), ou bien placées à l'intérieur de cette chambre (5a, 5b). Selon l'invention, l'électrode (les électrodes) de masse (4) présente(nt), en guise de base, un support (6), fixé au corps (2) de la bougie d'allumage ou placé sur ce dernier, ou bien sort(ent) dudit support et ce support pour électrode de masse (6) ainsi que chaque électrode de masse (4) en forme doigt, sortant dudit support, sont placés à une distance (21) de la surface de paroi interne (7) de la chambre (5a, 5b).

Claims (13)

  1. Bougie d'allumage d'une machine à combustion interne, particulièrement pour l'utilisation dans des moteurs à gaz à allumage par étincelle, comprenant un culot de bougie (2), de préférence indivisé, porté par un corps d'isolation (1) ainsi qu'une électrode centrale (3) en forme de barre ou à plusieurs doigts et au moins une électrode de masse (4),
    dans laquelle l'électrode centrale (3) et l'au moins une électrode de masse (4) sont entourées par une chambre, particulièrement une antichambre (5a) ou une chambre à turbulence (5b), portée par le culot de bougie (2), ou sont situées au dedans de cette chambre (5a, 5b),
    dans laquelle, proche au culot, une partie de paroi (8) de la chambre à turbulence (5b) ouverte vers la chambre de combustion, ou proche au culot une partie de paroi (8) de l'antichambre entourant l'électrode centrale (3) et l'au moins une électrode de masse (4) a un coupe transversal en forme d'anneau de cercle ou sont formées chacune d'un anneau cylindrique,
    dans laquelle l'au moins une électrode de masse (4) comprend comme la base un support (6) monté au culot de bougie (2) ou étant disposé sur ceci et partant de ce support (6), et dans laquelle ce support d'électrode de masse (6) et chaque électrode de masse (4) en forme de doigt, départant de ceci, sont disposées à une distance (21) de la surface de paroi intérieure (7, 19) de la chambre (5a, 5b), caractérisée en ce
    - que le support d'électrode de masse (6), vu perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de la bougie d'allumage, a un coup transversal en forme d'anneau de cercle ou est formé par un anneau cylindrique,
    que deux épaulements finals (17, 18) cylindriques concentriques sont formés au culot de bougie (2), dont l'épaulement final intérieur (17), le cas échéant, dépasse l'épaulement final extérieur (18) en direction de la chambre de combustion, et
    - que le support d'électrode de masse (6) est mis, enfiché ou visser et/ou fixé par soudage, le cas échéant, par points ou à soudure, à l'épaulement intérieur (17), tandis que la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b) est mis, enfiché ou visser et/ou fixé par soudage, le cas échéant, par points ou à soudure, à l'épaulement extérieur (18).
  2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce, que l'au moins une électrode de masse (4) et son support (6) sont formés d'une seule partie ou sont reliés l'un à l'autre par soudage.
  3. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce, qu'un anneau cylindrique (50) métallique et/ou d'une bonne conductibilité thermique est inséré entre la partie de paroi (8) et le support d'électrode de masse (6), qui colle à la surface de la paroi intérieure (19) de la partie de paroi (8) et à la surface extérieure (52) du support d'électrode de masse (6), particulièrement pendant le fonctionnement de la bougie d'allumage.
  4. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce, qu'une paroi terminale (9), de préférence plate ou en forme de dôme, est portée par la partie de paroi (8) cylindrique de l'antichambre (5a) au côté de la chambre de combustion, qui délimite ou ferme l'espace intérieur, ou est formé d'une seule partie avec la partie de paroi (8), des creux de passage (10) pour le passage des jets de gaz allumés étant formés dans la partie de paroi (8) et/ou dans la paroi terminale (9).
  5. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce, qu'une trois ou cinq électrode(s) de masse (4) est/sont portée(s) par le support d'électrode de masse (6) et/ou que les électrodes de masse (4) sont disposées d'une manière distribuée à distances égaux l'une par rapport à l'autre autour l'électrode centrale (3) sur le support d'électrode de masse (6) et/ou que chacune des électrodes de masse (4) en forme de doigt départant du support d'électrode de masse (6), au moins dans des zones partielles, a une coupe en travers transversalement à sa étendue longitudinale rectangulaire ou en forme d'une section d'anneau cylindrique.
  6. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce, qu'au moins une ou chaque électrode(s) de masse (4) départ du support d'électrode de masse (6) en forme d'un doigt et sa zone terminale (11) au côté de la chambre de combustion s'étend parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal (A) et/ou à la partie de surface (12) tournée vers elle(s) de l'électrode centrale (3) et/ou que le gap d'allumage (13) est formé entre des parties de surface (12, 14) opposées l'une par rapport à l'autre, s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal (A), de l'électrode de masse (4) et de l'électrode centrale (3).
  7. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce, qu'au moins un creux de rinçage ou une ouverture (15) pour le passage du mélange de combustible et air, préférablement présentant une coupe en travers circulaire, est formé dans la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b) et/ou un creux (16), préférablement en forme de fente, pour le déblayement d'au moins des zones terminales (11) des électrodes de masse (4) en forme de doigt est formé vis-à-vis la zone terminale (11) respective.
  8. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce, qu'un filetage mâle est formé à chacun des épaulements finals (17, 18) concentriques, et un filetage femelle, adapté au filetage mâle respectif, est formé à la surface de paroi intérieure (19) de la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b) et à la surface de paroi intérieure (20) du support (6) et/ou que le support d'électrode de masse (6) et la partie de paroi (8) cylindrique de la chambre (5a, 5b), en formant la distance prédéterminée (21), sont disposés concentriquement l'un par rapport à l'autre et/ou que la partie de paroi (8) cylindrique et le support (6) sont emboîtés à l'épaulement (17, 18) respectif et y sont fixés par soudage.
  9. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce, que la distance (21) entre la surface extérieure du support d'électrode de masse (6) et la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b) est plus petite, que l'épaisseur (22) de la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b) et/ou que l'épaisseur (23) du support d'électrode de masse (6) se monte à trois fois jusqu'à quinze fois, de préférence à cinq fois jusqu'à dix fois, de l'épaisseur du gap d'allumage (13) et/ou que la distance (21) entre la surface extérieure (29) du support d'électrode de masse (6) et la surface intérieure de paroi (7) de la chambre (5a, 5b) se monte à 50 à 200% de l'épaisseur du gap d'allumage (13).
  10. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce, qu'un alliage de métal précieux, ou au moins une lamette d'un alliage de métal précieux, est appliqué ou fondu ou soudé en forme des traces l'une à côté de l'autre et, le cas échéant, l'une sur l'autre dans des zones de circonférence ou aux élévations localement délimitées ou aux zones de surface (12) tournées radialement vers l'extérieur de l'électrode centrale (3) et/ou à la surface (26) de l'électrode de masse (4) respective en forme de doigt tournée vers l'électrode centrale (3) ou aux élévations (48) formées sur cette surface (26).
  11. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce, que l'électrode centrale (3) est réalisée en forme d'un composant compacte ou en forme d'un composant (28) en forme de carquois rempli d'un matériau de haute conductibilité de chaleur poussé, le cas échéant, sur l'électrode central de base (3a) et est soudé avec celle-ci une fois ou plusieurs fois tout autour d'elle.
  12. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce, qu'au côté de la chambre de combustion l'extrémité de la partie de paroi (8) d'une chambre à turbulence (5b) dépasse au côté de la chambre de combustion l'extrémité de l'électrode centrale (3) et/ou des électrodes de masse (4) et/ou que, opposée à chaque électrode de masse (4), une fente (16), qui s'étend parallèlement à l'électrode de masse (4) et, le cas échéant, est ouverte vers l'extrémité de la partie de paroi (8) au côté de la chambre de combustion, est formée dans la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b) et laisse libre l'accès à la zone terminale (11) de l'électrode de masse (4).
  13. Bougie d'allumage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce, que la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b) et le support (6) sont électriquement conduisant et sont reliés d'une façon électriquement conduisant au culot de bougie (2) et/ou que chaque électrode de masse (4) en forme de doigt est pliée (51) à partir de son support (6) vers la direction de l'électrode centrale (3) et s'étend, après un autre plie (30) dans une direction approximativement parallèle et/ou que la partie de paroi (8) de la chambre (5a, 5b), l'enveloppe (28) et/ou l'au moins une électrode de masse (4) avec son support (6) sont fabriqués d'un alliage à base de nickel et/ou d'un acier spécial à haute température et/ou des alliages de métal résistants à la corrosion haute, bien capable de conduire la chaleur, et/ou que l'antichambre (5a, 5b) est fabriquée du laiton.
EP08846605A 2007-11-05 2008-10-24 Bougie d'allumage a support pour electrode de masse Active EP2208268B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0177507A AT506140B1 (de) 2007-11-05 2007-11-05 Zündkerze
PCT/AT2008/000389 WO2009059339A1 (fr) 2007-11-05 2008-10-24 Bougie d'allumage à support pour électrode de masse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2208268A1 EP2208268A1 (fr) 2010-07-21
EP2208268B1 true EP2208268B1 (fr) 2011-05-11

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EP08846605A Active EP2208268B1 (fr) 2007-11-05 2008-10-24 Bougie d'allumage a support pour electrode de masse

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US8143772B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2208268B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT506140B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2008324739B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0820495B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2704609C (fr)
DK (1) DK2208268T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2366009T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2208268E (fr)
WO (1) WO2009059339A1 (fr)

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US9172217B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2015-10-27 Woodward, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug with tubular electrode and method of manufacturing same
US9476347B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2016-10-25 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow in fuel-fed prechambers
US8584648B2 (en) * 2010-11-23 2013-11-19 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow
AT511157B1 (de) 2011-02-21 2014-01-15 Francesconi Christian Zündkerze
AT510582B1 (de) * 2011-02-21 2012-05-15 Francesconi Christian Zündkerze
AT511866B1 (de) * 2011-08-22 2014-01-15 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Ohg Zündkerze für eine brennkraftmaschine
US9856848B2 (en) 2013-01-08 2018-01-02 Woodward, Inc. Quiescent chamber hot gas igniter
US8839762B1 (en) 2013-06-10 2014-09-23 Woodward, Inc. Multi-chamber igniter
US9765682B2 (en) 2013-06-10 2017-09-19 Woodward, Inc. Multi-chamber igniter
DE102013221963B4 (de) * 2013-10-29 2019-10-17 Dkt Verwaltungs-Gmbh Vorkammerzündkerze
US9653886B2 (en) 2015-03-20 2017-05-16 Woodward, Inc. Cap shielded ignition system
WO2016154056A1 (fr) 2015-03-20 2016-09-29 Woodward, Inc. Système d'allumage à préchambres parallèles
US10465557B2 (en) 2015-09-01 2019-11-05 Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc. Magnetic squeeze film damper system for a gas turbine engine
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DE102017102128B4 (de) 2016-02-18 2019-01-24 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Zündkerze für eine gasbetriebene Brennkraftmaschine
DE102020206663A1 (de) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-02 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Vorkammer-Zündkerze mit profilierter Masseelektrode
DE102022214083A1 (de) * 2022-12-20 2024-06-20 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Elektrode mit länglicher Erhebung oder Nut und Zündkerze mit einer solchen Elektrode als Masseelektrode
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2704609A1 (fr) 2009-05-14
ATE509400T1 (de) 2011-05-15
CA2704609C (fr) 2016-07-12
AU2008324739B2 (en) 2012-08-30
ES2366009T3 (es) 2011-10-14
AT506140B1 (de) 2009-11-15
EP2208268A1 (fr) 2010-07-21
WO2009059339A1 (fr) 2009-05-14
DK2208268T3 (da) 2011-09-05
BRPI0820495A2 (pt) 2015-06-16
US20110089803A1 (en) 2011-04-21
US8143772B2 (en) 2012-03-27
PT2208268E (pt) 2011-08-25
AU2008324739A1 (en) 2009-05-14
AT506140A1 (de) 2009-06-15
BRPI0820495B1 (pt) 2018-10-09

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