EP2203997A1 - Equipement d'automatisme fonctionnant par liaison sans-fil - Google Patents
Equipement d'automatisme fonctionnant par liaison sans-filInfo
- Publication number
- EP2203997A1 EP2203997A1 EP08842297A EP08842297A EP2203997A1 EP 2203997 A1 EP2203997 A1 EP 2203997A1 EP 08842297 A EP08842297 A EP 08842297A EP 08842297 A EP08842297 A EP 08842297A EP 2203997 A1 EP2203997 A1 EP 2203997A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- module
- input
- time
- clock
- command
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control method implemented in automation equipment.
- the invention also relates to automation equipment capable of implementing this control method.
- a programmable logic controller is an automation equipment capable of controlling, controlling and / or monitoring one or more processes to be controlled.
- a programmable PLC is composed of different modules that communicate with each other, usually by a transmission bus, called in this field bus "backplane".
- the modules are mechanically fixed in a rack (or tray), which comprises a printed circuit which also supports the backplane bus and the connection elements intended to cooperate with connectors generally present on the rear part of the modules so as to achieve the necessary connection between the modules and the bus.
- the number of modules depends of course on the size and the type of process to automate.
- a programmable controller may comprise: a power supply module supplying the different voltages to the other modules through the backplane bus.
- a central processing unit UC which comprises an onboard software, called a "firmware" program, integrating a real-time operating system OS, and an application program, or user program, containing the instructions to be executed by the embedded software to perform the desired automation operations.
- the CPU module also generally includes a front-end connection to PC personal computer programming tools.
- input / output modules of various types depending on the process to be controlled, such as digital / digital inputs / outputs, analog, counting, etc. These input / output modules are connected to sensors and actuators involved in the automated management of the process.
- one or more communication modules to communication networks (Ethernet, CAN, etc.) or human-machine interfaces (screen, keyboard, etc.).
- an input / output module can comprise between 1 and 32 input / output channels, a PLC controller being able, depending on the models, to manage several hundred input / output channels.
- the link is of the wireless radio type
- a certain level of determinism is difficult to guarantee.
- the routing time of a radio message varies especially because of interference or attenuation.
- Even if some systems like "Bluetooth" are very resistant because they constantly change radio frequency and include automatic retransmissions and error-correcting codes, and reliable to the extent that a message will arrive almost certain to the recipient, they do not allow to guarantee a constant duration of routing, in particular because of the automatic retransmissions.
- the various mechanisms currently implemented for wired networks in order to obtain determinism can not be transposed to wireless networks. For example, using a field network dedicated to the communication exchanges between the central unit and the input / output modules and having known characteristics, can not be applied to a wireless network because unlike a wire, the medium (vacuum) used to convey waves is not controllable.
- the object of the invention is to propose a control method implemented in automation equipment that makes it possible to obtain a certain level of determinism in the exchanges made through a wireless link between a central unit module and its modules. remote inputs / outputs.
- a control method implemented in automation equipment comprising: a central unit module comprising a first clock, a first wireless communication module associated with the central unit module, at least an input / output module comprising a second clock synchronized with the first clock, a second wireless communication module associated with the input / output module, the first and the second wireless communication modules being able to communicate with each other by a wireless link, characterized in that the method comprises steps of: sending a command by the central processing unit unit to the input / output module via the wireless communication modules, said command being accompanied by an hour transmission of the command, execution of the command by the input / output module at a given time, this instant being determined from the time of emiss ion of the command received by the input / output module and a predetermined latency and stored in the input / output module.
- the step of executing the command is implemented at the given instant calculated from the sum of the transmission time and the latency time.
- the input / output module implements steps of: comparison between the transmission time and the second clock at the time of receipt of the command to calculate a duration of routing of the command, determining a waiting time before the execution of the command, this duration of expectation corresponding to the difference between the latency and the routing time of the command.
- the second clock is synchronized with the first clock during a synchronization step performed by successive message exchange between the central unit module and the input / output module and by measurement of the duration of routing messages between the two modules.
- the second clock may for example be synchronized with the first clock during a synchronization step implemented by employing a GPS receiver equipping the central unit module and the input / output module.
- the step of synchronizing the clocks is implemented at the start of the automation equipment. This step can also be implemented regularly after starting the automation equipment.
- the latency time is determined dynamically during the synchronization step of the clocks taking into account a maximum routing time between the two modules.
- the latency can also be entered manually by the user taking into account the implementation of its equipment and recommendations of the manufacturer.
- the wireless link used is for example of the "Bluetooth" type.
- the invention also relates to automation equipment capable of implementing the method defined above, this equipment comprising: a central unit module comprising a first clock, a first wireless communication module associated with the central processing unit, at least one input / output module comprising a second clock synchronized with the first clock, a second wireless communication module associated with the input / output module and able to communicate with the first communication module through a wireless link ,
- FIG. 1 represents an automation equipment consisting of a main rack including a CPU module and several remote secondary racks with input / output modules.
- An automation equipment such as a programmable logic controller is composed of several modules communicating with each other not a bus.
- Such equipment comprises, for example, a main rack 1 in which is mounted a power supply module 10 and a central processing unit 13 equipped with processing means ⁇ P1.
- the power supply module 10 supplies power to the other modules of the rack.
- An automation equipment may also include one or more input / output modules 12 mounted on the main rack 1.
- An automation equipment may also comprise remote input / output modules 22a, 22b mounted in secondary racks 2a. , 2b, 2c disposed more closely to the application to be controlled.
- a specific power supply module 20 mounted on each secondary rack 2a, 2b, 2c feeds the modules of the rack.
- the automation equipment may also include a first communication module 1 1 associated with the central processing unit 13 and for example mounted in the main rack 1, and for each secondary rack 2a, 2b, 2c remote, a second communication module 21 associated with remote I / O modules of the secondary rack.
- the remote I / O modules on the secondary racks can now communicate with the central rack unit of the main rack via a wireless radio link, for example of the "Bluetooth" type.
- the first communication module 1 1 and the second communication module 21 each include an antenna 100, 200 and a wireless communication function, for example of "Bluetooth" type.
- wireless communication module we will talk about wireless communication module to discuss the first and second communication modules 1 1, 21 integrating the wireless communication function.
- these communication modules may comprise other communication interfaces.
- the duration of data transmission in a wireless communication network between the CPU and I / O modules is inconsistent due to attenuation or interference.
- an automation equipment which consists of a main rack 1 comprising at least one power supply module 10, a central processing unit 13 and a first wireless communication module 1 1 and a a remote secondary rack 2a carrying a supply module 20, an input / output module 22a and a second wireless communication module 21.
- the central processing unit 13 and the input / output module 22a communicate with each other, by wireless radio link using their wireless communication module 1 1, 21. It should be understood that everything described for the input / output module defined below is valid for all other input modules / remote exits.
- the invention is based on two principles:
- a first principle consists in setting up a universal clock between the central unit module 13 and the remote input / output module 22a.
- the CPU module 13 manages with its processing means ⁇ P1 a first clock h1 and the input / output module manages with its processing means ⁇ P2 a second clock h2.
- These two clocks h1, h2, for example of the software type, are synchronized so that the central processing unit 13 and the input / output module 22a have a common time frame.
- the synchronization of the two clocks h1, h2 can be carried out by equipping the central processing unit 13 and the input / output module 22a of a GPS receiver (Satellite Guidance) or by periodically executing a clock synchronization algorithm.
- This algorithm consists in exchanging several times, by the wireless link, between the module central unit 13 and the input / output module 22a, messages accompanied by the transmission time and to measure each time the round trip of the message.
- the number and duration of message exchanges depends on the level of accuracy and reliability desired.
- the synchronization procedure can be performed at the start of the automation equipment and possibly repeated from time to time to avoid a drift of the universal clock. This type of synchronization procedure is well known in the prior art.
- the central processing unit 13 can thus send to the input / output module 22a a message comprising, for example a command accompanied by the transmission time TO of the message.
- a second principle consists in executing the command sent at a given instant which is calculated by the processing means ⁇ P2 of the input / output module 22a from the transmission time TO which it has received and a time determined latency x stored in a memory M of the input / output module 22a.
- the execution time of the command can be calculated in two ways by the processing means ⁇ P2 of the input / output module 22a: the input / output module 22a can compare the transmission time TO received to its clock current and calculate the difference that corresponds to the routing time y of the order. From the stored latency time x, it only remains for it to wait for a determined duration corresponding to x-y milliseconds to execute the command received from the central unit module. - More simply, the input / output module can execute the command by adding its latency x to the transmission time TO received regardless of the routing time y of the message, since this duration of routing is less than the stored latency x.
- the latency x can be defined statically or dynamically.
- Defining the latency period statically consists in entering or selecting in the input / output module 22a a maximum value defined by the user according to the installation environment of his equipment and the manufacturer's recommendations for the automation equipment.
- a safety margin may be provided to ensure that, even in the worst case, the stored latency x will always be greater than the message routing time between the CPU module 13 and the input module. / outputs 22a.
- the worst case may for example correspond to the time required to scan the entire spectrum.
- defining the latency time dynamically means recovering the maximum value of the routing time for several messages flowing between the central processing unit module 13 and the input / output module 22a. This procedure can for example be implemented during the synchronization of the clocks h1, h2 of the CPU unit 13 and the input / output module 22a. With respect to this maximum value, it is sufficient to provide a small margin of safety to define the latency x. The number of measurements of the routing time makes the choice of the latency time more reliable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
- Programmable Controllers (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0758535A FR2923127B1 (fr) | 2007-10-24 | 2007-10-24 | Equipement d'automatisme fonctionnant par liaison sans-fil. |
| PCT/EP2008/063660 WO2009053261A1 (fr) | 2007-10-24 | 2008-10-10 | Equipement d'automatisme fonctionnant par liaison sans-fil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2203997A1 true EP2203997A1 (fr) | 2010-07-07 |
| EP2203997B1 EP2203997B1 (fr) | 2012-04-04 |
Family
ID=39471970
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08842297A Not-in-force EP2203997B1 (fr) | 2007-10-24 | 2008-10-10 | Equipement d'automatisme pour synchroniser un reseau fonctionnant par liaison sans-fil |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2203997B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE552663T1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2923127B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2009053261A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130236491A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2013-09-12 | Iosif Grigorievich Atabekov | Spherical nano and microparticles derived from plant viruses for the display of foreign proteins or epitopes |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2364203B (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2004-03-17 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Synchronisation |
| KR20050000051A (ko) * | 2003-06-23 | 2005-01-03 | 주식회사 우성엠피아이 | 무선통신기능을 갖는 피엘시 |
-
2007
- 2007-10-24 FR FR0758535A patent/FR2923127B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-10-10 EP EP08842297A patent/EP2203997B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-10-10 AT AT08842297T patent/ATE552663T1/de active
- 2008-10-10 WO PCT/EP2008/063660 patent/WO2009053261A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009053261A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE552663T1 (de) | 2012-04-15 |
| EP2203997B1 (fr) | 2012-04-04 |
| FR2923127B1 (fr) | 2010-02-26 |
| WO2009053261A1 (fr) | 2009-04-30 |
| FR2923127A1 (fr) | 2009-05-01 |
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