EP2114812B1 - Cable guide for an elevator drive - Google Patents

Abstract

An elevator car and the counterweight (30) are each guided on a pair of vertical guide rails disposed along a shaft wall. At least two cables (41, 42) are guided in the upper part about a traction cylinder (26) mounted on a mounting bridge on the guide rails. The rotational axle of the cylinder drive is parallel to the adjacent shaft wall. The cables (41) guided in the lower area and arranged on the side of the shaft wall support the counterweight (30) such that half of the cables (41) comprise, on the lower side, one of the cable pulleys (29) acting as free rollers and the other half of the cables (41) comprise on the lower side thereof the other two cable pulleys (29). The axle pins (11) of said cable pulleys (29) extend horizontally, adjacently and parallel in relation to each other and support the counter-weight (30). The axle pins (11) of said cable pulleys (29) are also perpendicular to the axle of the drive cylinder (26). Said cables (41) on the other side of said cable pulleys (29) travel in an upward direction to the mounting bridge and are secured there. The at least two other cables (42) travelling from the traction cylinder (26) in a downward direction support the elevator car. One half of said cables (42) support one of the two cable pulleys (28) and the other half support the other cable pulleys (28).

Description

This invention relates to the cable guide for a lift drive, that is for driving a lift cabin, which is guided in a lift shaft along vertical rails. As a special feature, this cable guide allows the drive to be maintained from the lift cabin. The drive unit is arranged laterally in an upper region of the shaft space, wherein the cabin is partially passable by this drive, so that the lowest possible shaft head height and at the same time a minimum shaft space cross-section are necessary.

Conventionally, many lift drives are arranged in the upper end of the lift shaft. To maintain these lift drives, a lift fitter must climb onto the cabin roof of the lift cabin to gain access to the lift drive. This is basically dangerous, and even some fitter have been injured in the past when performing such checks and maintenance between the elevator car and the shaft ceiling or even killed by crushing. Therefore, the legislature has issued strict guidelines that are to make crushing impossible.

As a central rule, the danger of crushing in the end positions of the elevator car with free spaces or protective niches must be avoided in new elevators. Due to the wording of point 2.2. in the Elevator Regulation and the EC Elevator Directive means that for the legislature the optimal safety is achieved with a mandatory shelter. The shaft head, the shaft pit and the shelter are defined by the harmonized standards SN EN 81-1 / 2: 1998. According to this, in point 5.7.1, it is said to be the upper shelter of traction sheave lifts under d): The space above the cabin must be able to accommodate a cuboid lying on one of its sides with minimum dimensions of 0.5mx 0.6mx 0.8m, permanently. An additional free space can be created with temporary measures, for example by using supports, if it is ensured that the lift shaft is only accessible if these measures are taken and thus this space is created. The height of this additional free space with footprint 0.48mx 0.25m depends on the maximum speed of the lift cabin and is calculated in meters to 1 + 0.035 xv ² , where v is used in [m / s]. These regulations apply and must be complied with even if it is not necessary at all to climb onto the cabin roof to maintain the lift.

So far, however, it was hardly necessary to avoid committing the elevator cabin (cab roof). Most lift drives are located in the upper end of the lift shaft head and therefore the lift cabin (cabin roof) must be accessible to carry out the maintenance work. The situation is different with a lift construction in which the upper end of the shaft head remains completely free. From the architecture comes the increasing desire to be able to do without unsightly light shaft heads on the buildings. However, this presents the lift manufacturers with new challenges, precisely because with every construction, the applicable lift regulations must be met. Latest lift drive designs allow a minimum shaft head height of just 280cm. This is the measure of the top floor floor up to the bottom of the lift shaft head, that is to the ceiling of the elevator shaft. For example, a lift to be installed has a cabin of 220cm inside height. Approximately 10cm are needed for crossing above the cabin. For the lift door drive, it also requires certain height. This leaves only 50cm left in the top normal lift position. These are called Safety buffer needed. If the lift stops at the top floor with a heavy load, exactly at floor level, and then is relieved of load, the cabin can still lift by a few cm due to the elasticity of the suspension ropes. Even then there must still be a gap wide air up to the lift shaft head, so that in no case can strike the elevator car at the same. In this constellation with elevator cabin height of 220cm plus the minimum height of the lying prescribed cuboid of 0.50m, which means 220cm + 50cm + 10cm crossing, this headroom height of 280cm results straight. There is a desire to further reduce this measure of the shaft head, because the usual floor height in residential buildings is 240cm. Then comes the concrete ceiling and possibly the flat roof construction above. With lift shaft heads of 280cm from the top floor you are in many cases still higher than the corresponding roof construction, so that the lift head always protrudes high out of the roof. But that is exactly what should be avoided. In addition, it should be sought with a new drive design to be able to carry out all maintenance if possible from the elevator car out.

Another disadvantage of conventional drives for lift cabins is the fact that it works with electric motors, transmissions and pulleys or traction sheaves and stress the cable guides too much space between the cabin and the elevator shaft. In addition, the mass balance is not optimal what makes it necessary then that the drive structures must be very strongly connected to the lift shaft, so that the reaction forces can be absorbed.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cable guide for a drive for a lift cabin, which requires a minimum elevator head height at a certain elevator car height and which makes it possible to perform all of the driven by him lift maintenance, inspection and maintenance of Inside of the lift cabin. The cable guide of this drive should also take up a minimal space between the outside of the elevator car and the shaft wall and an optimal To provide weight distribution between the elevator car and its payload and the counterweight, so that hardly more forces act on the shaft wall to which the drive structure is attached and secured. DE 20 2006 002 064 discloses a cable guide according to the preamble of claim 1.

This object is achieved by a cable guide for driving a lift cage and its counterweight, which are each guided on a pair of vertical guide rails along a shaft wall, and which is characterized in that at least two ropes above a mounted on a mounting bridge to the guide rails Traction tube or a multi-drive pulley are guided, with axis of rotation in each case parallel to the adjacent shaft wall running, and that the down on the shaft wall side ropes carry the counterweight by half of the ropes one and the other half of the ropes the other of two than comprising pulleys acting pulleys on its underside, the axle bolts of these pulleys horizontally and juxtaposed parallel to each other and carry the counterweight, and wherein the axle bolts of these sheaves perpendicular to the axis of the drive tube or the multi-drive pulley, and that the ropes on the other side of these sheaves lead upwards to the mounting bridge and are fastened there, and in that the other at least two cables leading downwards from the traction tube or the multiple drive sheave carry the lift cabin, one half of the ropes carrying the one and the other other half carries the other of two acting as loose rollers sheaves, the axle bolts horizontally, side by side and parallel to each other and carry the elevator car landing.

Figur 1:

Einen Traktionsantrieb mit Treibrohr in einer Ansicht auf die Wand des Liftschachtes gesehen, mit den daran befestigten Führungsschienen und der Montagebrücke für den Traktionsantrieb;

Figur 2:

Eine Ansicht auf die Wand des Liftschachtes mit den daran befestigten Führungsschienen sowie dem Traktionsantrieb mit Treibrohr, wenn die Liftkabine mit geöffnetem Wandteil auf der Höhe des Antriebs steht;

Figur 3:

Eine Ansicht des Liftschachtes von oben gesehen, von unterhalb des Antriebes gegen abwärts auf die Seilscheiben für das Gegengewicht und das Liftkabinen-Podest gesehen;

Figur 4:

Eine Ansicht des Liftschachtes von oben gesehen, mit dem Traktionsantrieb mit Treibrohr ohne Montagebrücke, zur Veranschaulichung dessen Montageposition in Bezug auf die beiden Führungsschienenpaare;

Figur 5:

Eine perspektivische Ansicht des Traktionsantriebes mit Treibrohr und Montagebrücke sowie der Führungsschienen, an welchen diese Montagebrücke montiert ist;

Figur 6:

Eine schematische Darstellung der Seilführung zu diesem Antrieb mit hängendem Traktionsantrieb und zugehörigem Treibrohr.

Based on the drawings, this cable guide and the associated drive with the guide rails of a lift cabin and a counterweight in a lift shaft are shown and described. The function of this drive and its cable guide and their peculiarities are explained and explained.
It shows:

FIG. 1:

A traction drive with a driving tube in a view on the wall of the Lift shaft seen, with the attached guide rails and the mounting bracket for the traction drive;

FIG. 2:

A view of the wall of the elevator shaft with the guide rails attached thereto and the traction drive with a driving tube, when the elevator car is at the height of the drive with the wall portion open;

FIG. 3:

A view of the lift shaft seen from above, seen from below the drive against downwards on the sheaves for the counterweight and the elevator car podium;

FIG. 4:

A view of the elevator shaft seen from above, with the traction drive with driving tube without mounting bridge, illustrating its mounting position with respect to the two guide rail pairs;

FIG. 5:

A perspective view of the traction drive with drive tube and mounting bridge and the guide rails on which this mounting bridge is mounted;

FIG. 6:

A schematic representation of the cable guide to this drive with suspended traction drive and associated driving tube.

In FIG. 1 is shown a lift drive on which this cable guide is feasible. It is a view of the wall 7 of the elevator shaft with the attached guide rails 23,24 for the elevator car and the counterweight and the now gearless traction drive with drive pipe 26. The special feature of this traction drive is that it is a gearless drive with stationary stator and outer, rotating and internally equipped with permanent magnets propellant tube 26 is, via which the drive cables for the elevator car and the counterweight are guided in cable grooves 8, and which traction drive is mounted suspended on a bridge 25, the vertical guide rails 23,24 is fixed for the elevator car and the counterweight. This traction drive has a drive tube 26 with at least 240mm Außendruchmesser, and brings a power of at least 2.4 kW and a torque of at least 295 Nm, with stronger versions are used, with much more power and torque. As a variant, an electric motor with gearbox and multiple drive pulley can serve instead of this drive.

The FIG. 2 shows the same, but now with the elevator car 1 and its doors 18 and pedestal or elevator car floor 36 when the elevator car 1 is stopped at the height of the traction drive, and this traction drive is accessible through its own open maintenance window. As a special feature, this traction drive is suspended on a bridge 25, which rest on C-shaped frame members 27 on the inner guide rails 23 for the counterweight, while these frame members 27 are laterally attached to the outer guide rails 24 for the elevator car. The maintenance window in the elevator cabin is open except for the lower, for example 90 cm high side wall part 6. It extends virtually over the entire width of the elevator car 1. Before this maintenance window, the removable side wall part 3 is placed on the elevator car floor, so the pedestal 36, so that its upper edge 4, the lower side wall part 6 surmounted by 10cm and forms a parapet. In the figure, one recognizes the rails 23 for the guidance of the counterweight, and arranged outside the motor parallel to the rails 24 for the guidance of the elevator car 1. Furthermore, it can be seen here that the mounting bridge 25 at this uppermost position of the elevator car 1 below its upper edge is located. Therefore, the entire drive through the maintenance window from the interior of the elevator car 1 is accessible, and the elevator car 1 can be driven with open maintenance window off and on.

The FIG. 3 shows a view of the elevator shaft seen from above, seen from below the drive down. Here you can see the lift cabin from above on the pedestal 36 and left and right the lift doors. The view falls on the pulleys 29, the counterweight 30 and on the sheaves 28 for the Lift Cabin Pedestal 26. The counterweight 30 is disposed between the inner guide rails 23 and its sheaves 29 are designed as loose rollers on the axle 11, the counterweight 30 hangs. At the axle pin 10 of the pulleys 28 for the elevator car on the other hand rests the pedestal 36 for the elevator car by these axles 10 lead into the interior of the elevator car landing stage 36.

The FIG. 4 shows this lift shaft seen from above, with the traction drive with driving tube 26 without mounting bridge, illustrating the position of the driving tube 26 with respect to the two guide rail pairs 23,24. As can be seen, the axis of rotation 37 of the drive tube 26 runs exactly between the two planes 38, 39, which are formed by the two guide rail pairs 23 and 24. This arrangement of the drive tube 26 an excellent mass balance is achieved, so that the forces acting on the suspension of the traction drive on the guide rails torques and forces remain minimal and also hardly significant forces on the attachment of the guide rails 23,24 act on the lift shaft wall 7.

The FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the traction drive with its driving tube 26, which is shown here in dashed lines, because it is covered by a cover plate 40 on the mounted drive. It can be seen the mounting bridge 25 and the guide rails 23,24, to which this mounting bracket 25 is mounted. A first pair of parallel guide rails 23 is provided for the guidance of the counterweight, and parallel to the plane between these two guide rails 23, a further pair of parallel guide rails 24 is arranged at a greater distance from each other, on which the elevator car is guided. The guide rails 24 are screwed via square sections 34 and an end flange 35 with the wall 7 of the elevator shaft. In the same way, the inner guide rails 23 are connected to the wall 7. The traction drive tube 26 extends horizontally and parallel to the two planes between the guide rails 23 and 24 of the two pairs of vertical guide rails. The inner pair of vertical guide rails 23 on which the counterweight is guided is closer to the shaft wall 7 than the guide rails 24 of the other pair of guide rails on which the elevator car is guided. The bridge 25, together with two frame members 27, each consisting of a bent to a C-shape steel plate, a frame. The open side of the two C-shaped frame members 27 are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the lower, horizontally extending legs 33 of the C-shape resting on the upper ends of the inner guide rails 23, while the upper, horizontally extending legs 32 of the C-shape a profile resting on these legs 32 are connected and screwed so that it forms a bridge 25. The vertically extending portions of the C-shaped frame members 27 are clamped by means of clamping elements 31, so-called frogs, with the outside on them outer guide rails 24. In the FIG. 5 one recognizes the guided over the driving tube 26 ropes 41,42. For the clean guidance of these cables, the driving tube 26 is equipped with rope grooves 8. There are six ropes, that is, on each side of the driving tube 26 result in 2 x three ropes 41,42, which lead down. The here front ropes 42 lead further down to loose roles whose axles 10 carry the elevator car platform 36, and the rear six ropes 41 lead to loose roles, the axle bolts carry the counterweight.

The FIG. 6 shows now, after the arrangement of the pulleys and the drive of the cables has been shown and described, in a schematic representation of the actual inventive cable guide. From the driving tube 26, the six ropes 42 on the side facing the elevator car and its pedestal 36 initially lead vertically downwards, and then they are guided around the pulleys 28, whose axle bolts 10 protrude into the pedestal 36 of the elevator car and thus wear the same. Of the total of six ropes 42, three are wound around one pulley 28 and the other three ropes are passed around the adjacent pulley 28. On the outer sides of these two sheaves 28, the ropes 42 lead back up and are finally attached to the frame in which hangs the traction drive. For the rope attachment, the lower leg 33 offer the C-shaped frame members 27 at. There, the rope ends are bolted and with Secured locknuts. Because there are three ropes each 42, the sheaves 28 corresponding to three adjacent rope grooves. The ropes 41, which lead to the wall side of the driving tube 26 down, so here the viewer of the figure facing ropes 41, down and there in the same way to two sheaves 29. Their axle 11 are connected to a counterweight 30, the depends on this axle 11. On the other side of the pulleys 29, so here on the outer sides, lead the ropes 41 back up and are also attached to the lower legs 33 of the C-shaped frame members 27.

Claims (8)

1. Rope guide for driving of an elevator cabin and its balance weights (30), which are in each case guided along a pair of vertical chain guides (23, 24) along a shaft wall (7), whereas the ropes are guided above around a traction pipe (26) or a multiple driving-rope sheave mounted to a mounting bridge (25) along the chain guides (23, 24), comprising a rotational axis deviating respectively parallel to the touching shaft wall (7), characterized in that the traction drive is mounted hanging on the mounting bridge (25) and in that the mounting bridge (25) rests over the above ends of the inner pair of the chain guides (23) and is fixed at the outer two chain guides (24) of the pair of chain guides (24), on which the elevator cabin (1) is guided and in that at least two ropes (41, 42) are guided above and around the traction pipe (26) and the multiple driving-rope sheave and in that the leading ropes (41) at the shaft wall side which are conducted downwards carry the counter weight (30) in a manner that half of the ropes (41) cover one and the other half of the ropes (41) the other of two rope sheaves (29) functioning as lose roles on its underside, whereby the axle pins (11) of those sheave ropes (29) move horizontally and being placed next to each other laying and parallel to one another carrying the counter weight (30), and in that the axle pins (11) of those rope sheaves (29) are perpendicular to the axle of the traction pipe (26) or the multiple driving-rope sheave and in that the ropes (41) at the other side of those rope sheaves (29) lead upwardly to the mounting bridge (25) and are fixed at that place and in that, in addition, at least the two other ropes (42) which lead around and upwards from the traction pipe (26) or the multiple driving-rope sheave carry the elevator cabin whereas one half of the ropes (42) carries one and the other half of the two rope sheaves (28) acting as lose roles, whose axle pins (10) are directed horizontally next to each other and parallel one to another and that carry the elevator cabin podium (26).
2. Rope guide for driving an elevator cabin and its counter weights according to claim 1, characterized in that six ropes (41, 42) are guided above and around the traction pipe (26) or a multiple driving-rope sheave, and in that the six ropes (41) directed downwardly on the shaft wall side carry the counter weight (30), whereas three ropes (41) include the one and three of the ropes (41) the other of two rope sheaves (29) acting as two movable roles on its bottom so that the ropes (41) lead upwardly to the mounting bridge (25) at the other side of those rope sheaves (29) and are fixed at this place and in that furthermore the other six ropes (42) leading downwards from the traction pipe (26) or from the multiple driving-rope sheave carry the elevator cabin in a manner that three of the ropes (42) carry the one and three of the ropes the other of two rope sheaves (28) acting as movable roles of which the axle pins (10) carry the elevator cabin podium(26).
3. Rope guide for driving an elevator cabin and its counter weights according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the traction drive or the multiple driving-rope sheave is mounted in a way that rotational axis (37) of the traction pipe (26) or of the multiple driving-rope sheave is so located that it compensates on one hand the weight forces having an impact on the traction pipe or the multiple driving-rope sheave of elevator cabin (1) and on the counter weight (30) on the other hand in the middle between the two levels (38, 39) of the two chain guides (23, 24).
4. Rope guide for driving an elevator cabin and its counter weights according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driving mechanism for this rope guide is a gearless traction drive with stationary stator and a an outer turning traction pipe (26) that is internally equipped with permanent magnets over which the driving ropes (41, 42) for the elevator cabin (1) and the counter weight (30) are guided in grooves (8) and the traction drive is mounted hanging on a bridge (25) that is fixed on vertical chain guides (23, 24) for the elevator cabin (1) and the counter weight (30).
5. Rope guide for driving an elevator cabin and its counter weights according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bridge (25) is located in the highest position of the elevator cabin (1) underneath its top edge and is fixed on the vertical chain guides (23, 24) for the elevator cabin (1) and the counter weight (30) and in that the traction drive has a traction pipe (26) with at least an outer diameter of 240 mm and a capacity of at least 2,4 kW and a torque of at least 295 Nm.
6. Rope guide for driving an elevator cabin and its counter weights according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first pair of parallel chain guides (23) is available for guiding the counter weights (30) and another pair of chain guides (24) is arranged parallel to the level (38) between those two chain guides (23) with a bigger distance one to another and in that a further pair of chain guides (24) on which the elevator cabin (1) is guided and the traction pipe (26) of the traction guide is directed horizontally and parallel to the both levels (38, 39) between the chain guides (23, 24) of the two pairs of vertical chain guides (23, 24).
7. Rope guide for driving an elevator cabin and its counter weights according to claim 5, characterized in that the counter weight (30) is guided on the inner pair of vertical chain guides (23) and in that those chain guides (23) are guided closer to the shaft wall (7) than the chain guides (24) of the other pair of chain guides (24) on which the elevator cabin (1) is guided.
8. Rope guide for driving an elevator cabin and its counter weights according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the bridge (25) on which the traction guide is mounted hanging rests on the upper ends of the inner pair of chain guides (23) and is fixed on the both outer chain guides (24) of the pair of chain guides (24) on which the elevator cabin (1) is conducted, as the bridge (25) in this way forms a frame consisting of two frame elements (27) which compose each of steel plates folded in C-shape, whereas that two frame elements (27) are placed with their open side of the C-shape opposing one to another and whereas the blades (33) running underneath horizontally of the C-shape rest on the upper ends of the inner chain guides (32) whereas the upper horizontally running blades (32) of the C-shape are connected and screwed on with one of those profiles laying on one of those blades (32) whereas the vertically deviating blocks of the C-shaped frame elements (27) are jammed via jamming devices (31) with its outwardly located chain guides (24).

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