EP2185738A2 - Production of alloys based on titanium aluminides - Google Patents
Production of alloys based on titanium aluminidesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2185738A2 EP2185738A2 EP08749011A EP08749011A EP2185738A2 EP 2185738 A2 EP2185738 A2 EP 2185738A2 EP 08749011 A EP08749011 A EP 08749011A EP 08749011 A EP08749011 A EP 08749011A EP 2185738 A2 EP2185738 A2 EP 2185738A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- halogen
- alloy
- enriched
- titanium aluminide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
- C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing an alloy based on titanium aluminides.
- Alloys based on titanium aluminides prepared using melt and powder metallurgy techniques with a predetermined alloy composition of titanium and aluminum and optionally other constituents, e.g. Niobium, boron, chromium, molybdenum, manganese and vanadium etc. as well as carbon in different compositions are known in the art.
- Titanium-aluminide alloys have properties that are particularly favorable for use as a lightweight material, in particular for high-temperature applications. These lightweight materials based on titanium aluminides open due to their strength and creep properties at high temperatures Possibilities for the production of mechanically stressed components in the high temperature technology, eg as turbine blades in the aircraft industry, final stage blades, engine valves, etc. In addition, they offer because of their low density (about 3.8 - 4.3 g / cm 3 ) as a substitute for nickel base Superalloys, which typically have a density of 8.5 g / cm 3 .
- Amounts of halogens in the surface of Titanaluminid- materials significantly improve the oxidation behavior due to the so-called halogen effect, whereby the range of application of the materials to temperatures above 1000 0 C is extended.
- DE-A-103 51 946 discloses a method of treating the surface of a titanium aluminide alloy-containing member to improve its oxidation resistance.
- DE-C-196 27 605 discloses a method of increasing corrosion resistance for alloys on the
- the present invention seeks to provide titanium aluminide alloys having a high oxidation resistance, wherein at
- the object is to provide a component of a corresponding titanium aluminide alloy.
- the object is achieved by a method for producing an alloy based on titanium aluminides, wherein metal droplets are obtained from a titanium aluminide molten metal, in particular using the gas atomization method, by applying a halogen-containing metal droplet
- the produced component is or is maintained, as well as in depth by the introduced, in particular homogeneously distributed or evenly distributed random halogens in the alloy or in the material, the oxidation resistance of the entire alloy is maintained.
- Chlorine and / or fluorine are preferably introduced as halogens into the bulk material prepared from titanium aluminide.
- further halogens e.g. of iodine and / or bromine possible.
- hot isostatic pressing achieves an alloy with high isotropy and uniform compaction of the material.
- the process of hot isostatic pressing takes place at very high pressures, e.g. 100 Mpa and under high temperatures, e.g. between
- the molten metal and / or the metal droplets are treated by means of a carrier gas, preferably by means of an inert gas, wherein in particular the
- Carrier gas is mixed with the halogen-containing gas or is.
- inert gases such as argon or helium or other inert gases have proven to be effective, whereby when mixed with a halogen-containing gas, the molten metal is treated specifically to enrich the metal droplets with halogens.
- a titanium-aluminide-metal powder is formed, from which the alloy is formed. This is usually done by hot isostatic pressing.
- a component is produced from the shaped alloy which has a high resistance to oxidation even if the surface of the component is damaged.
- the components may be components for example from the automotive, aerospace, aircraft and industrial machine tools sector.
- the object is achieved by a method for producing an alloy based on titanium aluminides, wherein titanium-containing powder and aluminum-containing powder or titanium powder and aluminum powder and / or powdered titanium aluminide, in particular titanium aluminide metal powder, by means of or in are ground in a mill, preferably by means of or in a ball mill, wherein in the mill, in particular ball mill, a halogen-enriched atmosphere is provided during the grinding process or, so that during the grinding process, halogen-enriched titanium aluminide metal powder is formed and then the halogenated powdered titanium aluminide is formed into an alloy by preferably hot isostatic pressing.
- the metal powder has an intensive contact with ball milling and introduction of gases in the ball mill, a, in particular homogeneous, enrichment of powdered titanium aluminide is also achieved, whereby the halogens are distributed throughout the alloy produced or formed.
- the distribution of the halogens in the alloy is such that the (relative) content in any predetermined volume or partial volume or even in small partial volume of the finished alloy Halogens (per volume) is almost constant or kept constant.
- Powder form or in addition to the pre-alloyed metal powder and elemental powdered titanium and elemental powdered aluminum use or provide, so that by the grinding process both from the titanium powder and the aluminum powder, a TiAl alloy is formed in powder form, due to the presence of the halogen-containing gas at a high Pressure in the ball mill in the ball mill is or will be enriched in its halogen content.
- the halogen-enriched atmosphere is provided as a gaseous and / or liquid atmosphere, whereby an intensive exchange or intensive accumulation of the powder in the gaseous or in the liquid, halogen-containing atmosphere, such as in liquid carbon tetrachloride ( CCI 4 ).
- the halogen-enriched atmosphere in particular gaseous atmosphere, with at least one inert gas, such as argon or helium provided.
- a component is produced from the alloy with a constant (relative) proportion of halogens in each volume or partial volume or volume of the alloy.
- a process for producing a titanium aluminide-based alloy wherein powdered titanium aluminide, especially titanium-aluminide-metal powder, is heated in a preferably closed container for a predetermined period of time, wherein A halo-enriched atmosphere is provided so as to form a halogen-enriched titanium aluminide metal powder during the heating period, and then alloying the halogen-enriched titanium aluminide metal powder by preferably hot isostatic pressing.
- titanium aluminide alloys are also prepared in which halogens are added to the entire material, wherein the (relative) proportion of halogens (by volume) in the alloy over the entire volume or in a (small) subvolume of the
- the proportion of halogens may vary with a typical fluctuation range of ⁇ 15%, preferably ⁇ 10%, more preferably ⁇ 5%, since the proportion of halogens in the alloy typically between 0.005 at% to 1.5 at%, preferably between
- halogens in addition to fluorine and / or chlorine, in a Alloy are distributed, other halogens such as bromine and / or iodine can be used.
- a halogen-containing gas is understood to mean a gas which, in addition to other gases, preferably inert gases, has both a halogen element and a mixture of several halogen elements.
- the pulverulent titanium aluminide, in particular titanium aluminide metal powder is subjected to a vacuum in the container.
- a further method step in the gassing of the metal powder is characterized in that the atmosphere enriched with halogens with at least one inert gas, in particular after evacuation of the container is provided.
- the container and / or the powdery titanium aluminide to a temperature between 300 0 C to 1300 0 C 1 are preference, between 500 ° C to 1000 0 C, heated, whereby a good
- the process steps evacuate, gassing and heating can also be performed several times in succession to a higher
- the powdered titanium aluminide in particular titanium aluminide metal powder, with negative pressure or a
- the object is achieved by a component which is or is made of an alloy which is produced by one of the said methods or method steps.
- Titanium aluminide alloys are preferably produced using casting metallurgy or powder metallurgy techniques, titanium being used to carry out the processes.
- aluminide alloys in powder form are present in order to add the metal powders according to the invention with halogens.
- Components made of titanium aluminides are customarily produced by the known shaping methods and atomization methods.
- the TiAl-based intermetallic compounds may be alloys having a general composition of titanium and aluminum according to the desired and predetermined requirements in the art
- Titanium aluminide alloys prepared according to the presented process of the present invention may generally comprise, for example, between 30 atomic% to 70 atomic% aluminum, with further additional substances or elements, which are mentioned below, corresponding to the desired alloying requirements or the material to be recorded.
- the alloys may have aluminum contents between 44 at% to 49 at% of Al.
- other ingredients such as e.g. Chromium (Cr), niobium (Nb), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum (Mo), zirconium (Zr), tungsten
- Alloys which are based on the intermetallic phase ⁇ (TiAl) of a tetragonal structure are also of particular interest for industrial practice.
- These ⁇ -titanium aluminide alloys are characterized by properties such as a low density (3.85 to 4.3 g / cm 3 ), high elastic modulus and high strength and creep resistance up to 700 0 C.
- a particularly high-strength titanium aluminide alloy is an alloy composition of titanium, aluminide and niobium, to which optional components of boron and / or carbon are added, the proportion of boron and / or carbon in the alloy being below a concentration of 0.5 atom%. is selected.
- the titanium aluminide alloy has a composition of Ti - 45 at% Al-x Nb at 5 at% ⁇ x ⁇ 10 at% and optionally up to 0.5 at% B (boron) and / or up to 0.5 atom % C (carbon).
- the abovementioned alloy likewise contains boron, preferably with a boron content in the alloy in the range from 0.05 atom% to 0.8 atom%.
- the addition of boron advantageously leads to the formation of stable precipitates which contribute to the mechanical hardening of the alloy according to the invention and stabilization of the microstructure of the alloy.
- the alloy contains carbon, preferably with a carbon content in the range of 0.05 at% to 0.8 at%.
- carbon preferably in combination with the above-mentioned additive boron, leads to the formation of stable precipitates, which also for mechanical hardening of the alloy and the
- an alloy based on titanium aluminides produced using fusion and powder metallurgy techniques and having an alloy composition of Ti - Al - y Nb - x B having 44.5 at% ⁇ z ⁇ 47 at%, especially at 44.5 at % ⁇ z ⁇ 45.5 at%, 5 at% ⁇ y ⁇ 10 at% and 0.05 at% ⁇ x ⁇ 0.8 at%, said molybdenum (Mo) being in the range of 0.1 atomic% to 3 Atom%, a titanium aluminide alloy is provided with a fine and homogeneous grain morphology to form a stable ⁇ -phase at high temperatures above 700 0 C.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Herstellung von Legierungen auf Basis von Titanaluminiden Production of alloys based on titanium aluminides
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Legierung auf Basis von Titanaluminiden.The invention relates to a method for producing an alloy based on titanium aluminides.
Legierungen auf der Basis von unter Verwendung von schmelz- und pulvermetallurgischen Techniken hergestellten Titanaluminiden mit einer vorbestimmten Legierungszusammensetzung aus Titan und Aluminium und ggf. weiterer Bestandteile wie z.B. Niob, Bor, Chrom, Molybdän, Mangan und Vanadium etc. sowie Kohlenstoff in unter- schiedlichen Zusammensetzungen sind im Stand der Technik bekannt.Alloys based on titanium aluminides prepared using melt and powder metallurgy techniques with a predetermined alloy composition of titanium and aluminum and optionally other constituents, e.g. Niobium, boron, chromium, molybdenum, manganese and vanadium etc. as well as carbon in different compositions are known in the art.
Titan-Aluminid-Legierungen weisen Eigenschaften auf, die für einen Einsatz als Leichtbau-Werkstoff, insbesondere für Hochtem- peraturanwendungen, besonders günstig sind. Diese Leichtbauwerkstoffe auf Basis von Titanaluminiden eröffnen aufgrund ihrer Festigkeits- und Kriecheigenschaften bei hohen Temperaturen Möglichkeiten zur Fertigung mechanisch beanspruchter Bauteile in der Hochtemperaturtechnik, z.B. als Turbinenschaufeln im Flugzeugbau, Endstufenschaufeln, Motorventile, etc. Darüber hinaus bieten sie sich wegen ihrer geringen Dichte (ca. 3,8 - 4,3 g/cm3) als Ersatz für Nickelbasis-Superlegierungen an, die typischerweise eine Dichte von 8,5 g/cm3 aufweisen.Titanium-aluminide alloys have properties that are particularly favorable for use as a lightweight material, in particular for high-temperature applications. These lightweight materials based on titanium aluminides open due to their strength and creep properties at high temperatures Possibilities for the production of mechanically stressed components in the high temperature technology, eg as turbine blades in the aircraft industry, final stage blades, engine valves, etc. In addition, they offer because of their low density (about 3.8 - 4.3 g / cm 3 ) as a substitute for nickel base Superalloys, which typically have a density of 8.5 g / cm 3 .
Der Ansatz der Titan-Aluminid-Legierungen ist durch ihre begrenzte Oxidationsbeständigkeit auf Temperaturen unterhalb von ca. 75O0C begrenzt. Darüber hinaus ist bekannt, dass durch geringeThe approach of titanium aluminide alloys is limited by their limited oxidation resistance to temperatures below about 75O 0 C. In addition, it is known that by low
Mengen an Halogenen in der Oberfläche der Titanaluminid- Werkstoffe das Oxidationsverhalten aufgrund des so genannten Halogeneffekts deutlich verbessern, wodurch der Einsatzbereich der Werkstoffe auf Temperaturen bis über 10000C erweitert wird.Amounts of halogens in the surface of Titanaluminid- materials significantly improve the oxidation behavior due to the so-called halogen effect, whereby the range of application of the materials to temperatures above 1000 0 C is extended.
Beispielsweise ist aus DE-A-103 51 946 ein Verfahren zur Behandlung der Oberfläche eines aus einer Titanaluminid-Legierung bestehenden Bauteils zur Verbesserung seiner Oxidationsbeständigkeit bekannt. Ferner offenbart DE-C-196 27 605 ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit für Legierungen auf derFor example, DE-A-103 51 946 discloses a method of treating the surface of a titanium aluminide alloy-containing member to improve its oxidation resistance. Further, DE-C-196 27 605 discloses a method of increasing corrosion resistance for alloys on the
Basis von Titanaluminid, wobei Halogene über den Vorgang der Ionenimplantation in die Werkstoffoberfläche übertragen werden.Base of titanium aluminide, whereby halogens are transferred into the material surface via the process of ion implantation.
Darüber hinaus sind in DE-T-693 09 167 Erzeugnisse aus einer intermetallischen Verbindung eines Ti-Al-Systems mit hoherIn addition, in DE-T-693 09 167 products of an intermetallic compound of a Ti-Al system with high
Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Oxidation und Verschleiß sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Erzeugnisses beschrieben.Resistance to oxidation and wear and a method for producing this product described.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, Titanaluminid-Legierungen mit einer hohen Oxidationsbeständigkeit bereitzustellen, wobei beiBased on this prior art, the present invention seeks to provide titanium aluminide alloys having a high oxidation resistance, wherein at
Anwendung der Legierungen bzw. beim Einsatz der Legierungen etwaige Beschädigungen der Legierung in der Oberfläche keine Auswirkungen auf die Oxidationsbeständigkeit haben soll. Des Weiteren besteht die Aufgabe darin, ein Bauteil aus einer entsprechenden Titanaluminid-Legierung bereitzustellen.Application of the alloys or when using the alloys any damage to the alloy in the surface should have no effect on the oxidation resistance. Furthermore, the object is to provide a component of a corresponding titanium aluminide alloy.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Legierung auf Basis von Titanaluminiden, wobei aus einer Titanalu- minid-Metallschmelze, insbesondere unter Verwendung des Gas- Atomisations-Verfahrens, Metalltröpfchen erhalten werden, die Metalltröpfchen mittels Beaufschlagung mit einem halogenhaltigenThe object is achieved by a method for producing an alloy based on titanium aluminides, wherein metal droplets are obtained from a titanium aluminide molten metal, in particular using the gas atomization method, by applying a halogen-containing metal droplet
Gas mit Halogenen angereichert werden, so dass halogenangereicherte Titan-Aluminid-Metalltröpfchen oder halogenangereichertes TiAI-Metallpulver entstehen und anschließend aus den halogenangereicherten Titan-Aluminid-Metalltröpfchen oder dem TiAI- Metallpulver durch, vorzugsweise heißes isostatisches, Pressen, dieHalogen-enriched titanium-aluminide metal droplets or halogen-enriched TiAl metal powder are formed and then from the halogen-enriched titanium-aluminide metal droplets or the TiAl metal powder by, preferably hot isostatic pressing, the
Legierung geformt wird.Alloy is formed.
Dadurch, dass halogenhaltiges Gas verwendet wird, um Metalltröpfchen mit Halogenen anzureichern, wird erreicht, dass dem gesam- ten Werkstoff aus der Titanaluminid-Legierung Halogene zulegiert werden, wodurch eine feine bzw. homogene Verteilung der Halogene im gesamten Werkstoff und in jedem Teilvolumen des Werkstoffs bzw. der Legierung und nicht nur an der Oberfläche des Werkstoffs bzw. der Legierung erreicht wird.By using halogen-containing gas to enrich metal droplets with halogens it is achieved that halogens are added to the entire titanium aluminide alloy material, resulting in a fine or homogeneous distribution of the halogens throughout the material and in each partial volume of the material or the alloy and not only on the surface of the material or the alloy is achieved.
Erfindungsgemäß sind Halogene auch in tieferen Schichten, als die bisherigen bekannten Oxidationsschichten von Titanaluminid- Legierungen, die größer sind bzw. tiefer liegen, beispielsweise in Tiefen von mehr als 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 μm und mehr unterhalb der Oberfläche der Legierung bzw. in der gesamten Legierung vorhanden, wodurch die Oxidationsbeständigkeit auch nach Beschädigung der Oberfläche eines aus der Titanaluminid-Legierung - A -According to the invention, halogens are also in deeper layers than the previous known oxidation layers of titanium aluminide alloys, which are larger or lower, for example, in depths of more than 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 microns and more below the surface of the alloy or present in the entire alloy, whereby the oxidation resistance even after damage to the surface of a titanium aluminide alloy - A -
hergestellten Bauteils vorhanden ist bzw. beibehalten wird, da auch in der Tiefe durch die eingebrachten, insbesondere homogen verteilten bzw. gleichmäßig statistisch verteilten Halogene in der Legierung bzw. im Werkstoff die Oxidationsbeständigkeit der gesamten Legierung aufrecht erhalten wird.produced component is or is maintained, as well as in depth by the introduced, in particular homogeneously distributed or evenly distributed random halogens in the alloy or in the material, the oxidation resistance of the entire alloy is maintained.
Durch den intensiven Kontakt der Halogene mit den Titan-Aluminid- Metalltröpfchen findet eine Passivierung des Metallpulvers bzw. der Metalltröpfchen statt.Due to the intensive contact of the halogens with the titanium-aluminide metal droplets, a passivation of the metal powder or of the metal droplets takes place.
Vorzugsweise werden als Halogene Chlor und/oder Fluor in das aus Titanaluminid hergestellte Bulk-Material eingebracht. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist auch die Verwendung weiterer Halogene wie z.B. von Jod und/oder Brom möglich.Chlorine and / or fluorine are preferably introduced as halogens into the bulk material prepared from titanium aluminide. Within the scope of the invention, the use of further halogens, e.g. of iodine and / or bromine possible.
Darüber hinaus wird durch das heiße isostatische Pressen (HIP) eine Legierung mit einer hohen Isotropie und einer gleichmäßigen Verdichtung des Materials erreicht. Typischerweise findet der Vorgang des heißen isostatischen Pressens bei sehr hohen Drü- cken, z.B. 100 Mpa und unter hohen Temperaturen, z.B. zwischenIn addition, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) achieves an alloy with high isotropy and uniform compaction of the material. Typically, the process of hot isostatic pressing takes place at very high pressures, e.g. 100 Mpa and under high temperatures, e.g. between
10000C bis 20000C, statt.1000 0 C to 2000 0 C instead.
Überdies ist vorgesehen, dass die Metallschmelze und/oder die Metalltröpfchen mittels eines Trägergases, vorzugsweise mittels eines inerten Gases, behandelt werden, wobei insbesondere dasMoreover, it is provided that the molten metal and / or the metal droplets are treated by means of a carrier gas, preferably by means of an inert gas, wherein in particular the
Trägergas mit dem halogenhaltigen Gas vermischt wird oder ist.Carrier gas is mixed with the halogen-containing gas or is.
Als Trägergas haben sich Inertgase wie Argon oder Helium oder weitere Inertgase bewährt, wodurch bei Vermischung mit einem halogenhaltigen Gas die Metallschmelze gezielt behandelt wird, um die Metalltröpfchen mit Halogenen anzureichern. Weiter ist in einer Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass aus den halogenangereicherten Metalltröpfchen ein Titan-Aluminid-Metall- pulver gebildet wird, aus dem die Legierung geformt wird. Dies erfolgt in der Regel durch heißes isostatisches Pressen. Insbeson- dere wird aus der geformten Legierung ein Bauteil hergestellt, das eine hohe Oxidationsbeständigkeit auch bei Beschädigung der Oberfläche des Bauteils aufweist. Bei den Bauteilen kann es sich um Bauteile beispielsweise aus dem Automobil-, Raumfahrt-, Flugzeugbau sowie Industriemaschinenwerkzeugbereich handeln.As the carrier gas, inert gases such as argon or helium or other inert gases have proven to be effective, whereby when mixed with a halogen-containing gas, the molten metal is treated specifically to enrich the metal droplets with halogens. It is further provided in one embodiment that from the halogen-enriched metal droplets, a titanium-aluminide-metal powder is formed, from which the alloy is formed. This is usually done by hot isostatic pressing. In particular, a component is produced from the shaped alloy which has a high resistance to oxidation even if the surface of the component is damaged. The components may be components for example from the automotive, aerospace, aircraft and industrial machine tools sector.
Ferner wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Legierung auf der Basis von Titanaluminiden, wobei titanhalti- ges Pulver und aluminiumhaltiges Pulver bzw. Titanpulver und Aluminiumpulver und/oder pulverförmiges Titanaluminid, insbeson- dere Titan-Aluminid-Metallpulver, mittels bzw. in einer Mühle gemahlen werden, vorzugsweise mittels oder in einer Kugelmühle gemahlen werden, wobei in der Mühle, insbesondere Kugelmühle, eine mit Halogenen angereicherte Atmosphäre während des Mahlvorgangs bereitgestellt wird oder ist, so dass während des Mahlvor- gangs halogenangereichertes Titan-Aluminid-Metallpulver entsteht und anschließend das mit Halogenen angereicherte pulverförmige Titan-Aluminid durch, vorzugsweise heißes isostatisches, Pressen zu einer Legierung geformt wird.Furthermore, the object is achieved by a method for producing an alloy based on titanium aluminides, wherein titanium-containing powder and aluminum-containing powder or titanium powder and aluminum powder and / or powdered titanium aluminide, in particular titanium aluminide metal powder, by means of or in are ground in a mill, preferably by means of or in a ball mill, wherein in the mill, in particular ball mill, a halogen-enriched atmosphere is provided during the grinding process or, so that during the grinding process, halogen-enriched titanium aluminide metal powder is formed and then the halogenated powdered titanium aluminide is formed into an alloy by preferably hot isostatic pressing.
Dadurch, dass das Metallpulver unter Kugelmahlen und Einleitung von Gasen in der Kugelmühle einen intensiven Kontakt hat, wird ebenfalls eine, insbesondere homogene, Anreicherung von pulver- förmigem Titanaluminid erreicht, wodurch in der gesamten hergestellten bzw. geformten Legierung die Halogene verteilt sind. Die Verteilung der Halogene in der Legierung ist derart, dass in jedem beliebigen, vorbestimmten Volumen oder Teilvolumen bzw. auch in kleinen Teilvolumen der fertigen Legierung der (relative) Gehalt an Halogenen (pro Volumen) nahezu konstant ist bzw. konstant gehalten wird.The fact that the metal powder has an intensive contact with ball milling and introduction of gases in the ball mill, a, in particular homogeneous, enrichment of powdered titanium aluminide is also achieved, whereby the halogens are distributed throughout the alloy produced or formed. The distribution of the halogens in the alloy is such that the (relative) content in any predetermined volume or partial volume or even in small partial volume of the finished alloy Halogens (per volume) is almost constant or kept constant.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist es bei diesem zweiten Verfahren möglich, anstelle von vorlegierten Metallpulver, d.h. Titanaluminiden inAccording to the invention, in this second method it is possible, instead of pre-alloyed metal powder, i. Titanium aluminides in
Pulverform, oder zusätzlich zum vorlegierten Metallpulver auch elementares pulverförmiges Titan und elementares pulverförmiges Aluminium einzusetzen bzw. bereitzustellen, so dass durch den Mahlvorgang sowohl aus dem Titanpulver und dem Aluminiumpulver eine TiAI-Legierung in Pulverform entsteht, die infolge der Anwesenheit des halogenhaltigen Gases bei einem hohen Druck in der Kugelmühle in der Kugelmühle in ihren Halogengehalt angereichert ist oder wird.Powder form, or in addition to the pre-alloyed metal powder and elemental powdered titanium and elemental powdered aluminum use or provide, so that by the grinding process both from the titanium powder and the aluminum powder, a TiAl alloy is formed in powder form, due to the presence of the halogen-containing gas at a high Pressure in the ball mill in the ball mill is or will be enriched in its halogen content.
Durch die Ausführung der genannten Verfahrensschritte wird ebenso eine, vorzugsweise gleichmäßige, Verteilung der Halogene an der Oberfläche als auch in der Tiefe einer Legierung wie bei dem vorangehend beschriebenen Verfahren zur Behandlung der Metallschmelze mit Halogengasen erreicht. Insofern gelten die oben genannten Ausführungen des ersten Verfahrens in gleicher Weise wie bei den hier beschriebenen Verfahrensschritten zur Herstellung der Legierung.By carrying out the above-mentioned process steps, a distribution of the halogens at the surface as well as in the depth of an alloy, which is preferably even, is achieved, as in the above-described method for treating the metal melt with halogen gases. In this respect, the abovementioned embodiments of the first method apply in the same way as in the method steps described here for the production of the alloy.
Darüber hinaus wird in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt die mit Halogenen angereicherte Atmosphäre als gasförmige und/oder flüssige Atmosphäre bereitgestellt, wodurch ein intensiver Austausch bzw. eine intensive Anreicherung des Pulvers in der gasförmigen bzw. in der flüssigen, halogenhaltigen Atmosphäre, wie z.B. in flüssigen Kohlenstofftetrachlorid (CCI4), ausgeführt wird.In addition, in a further process step, the halogen-enriched atmosphere is provided as a gaseous and / or liquid atmosphere, whereby an intensive exchange or intensive accumulation of the powder in the gaseous or in the liquid, halogen-containing atmosphere, such as in liquid carbon tetrachloride ( CCI 4 ).
Bevorzugterweise wird die mit Halogenen angereicherte Atmosphäre, insbesondere gasförmige Atmosphäre, mit wenigstens einem inerten Gas, wie z.B. Argon oder Helium, bereitgestellt. Ferner wird aus der Legierung mit einem konstanten (relativen) Anteil an Halogenen in jedem Volumen oder Teilvolumen bzw. Raumvolumen der Legierung ein Bauteil hergestellt.Preferably, the halogen-enriched atmosphere, in particular gaseous atmosphere, with at least one inert gas, such as argon or helium provided. Furthermore, a component is produced from the alloy with a constant (relative) proportion of halogens in each volume or partial volume or volume of the alloy.
Als weitere Lösung der Aufgabe wird ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Legierung auf Basis von Titanaluminiden bereitgestellt, wobei pulverförmiges Titanaluminid, insbesondere Titan-Aluminid-Metall- pulver, in einem, vorzugsweise geschlossenen, Behälter für eine vorbestimmte Zeitdauer erwärmt wird oder ist, wobei in dem Behälter eine mit Halogenen angereicherte Atmosphäre bereitgestellt ist oder wird, so dass während der Erwärmungszeit halogenangereichertes Titan-Aluminid-Metallpulver entsteht, und anschließend das mit Halogenen angereicherte Titan-Aluminid-Metallpulver durch, vorzugsweise heißes isostatisches, Pressen zu einer Legierung geformt wird.As a further solution to the problem, there is provided a process for producing a titanium aluminide-based alloy wherein powdered titanium aluminide, especially titanium-aluminide-metal powder, is heated in a preferably closed container for a predetermined period of time, wherein A halo-enriched atmosphere is provided so as to form a halogen-enriched titanium aluminide metal powder during the heating period, and then alloying the halogen-enriched titanium aluminide metal powder by preferably hot isostatic pressing.
Auch bei diesem dritten Verfahren wird eine Legierung bereitgestellt, die in gleicher Weise die Vorteile wie die vorangehend be- schriebenen hergestellten Legierungen aufweisen. Bei der Ausführung der Verfahrensschritte werden ebenfalls Titan-Aluminid- Legierungen hergestellt, bei denen Halogene dem gesamten Werkstoff zulegiert werden, wobei der (relative) Anteil der Halogene (pro Volumen) in der Legierung über das gesamte Volumen oder in einem (kleinen) Teilvolumen des Bauteils bzw. der Legierung konstant bleibt, wobei es durchaus sein kann, dass der Anteil der Halogene mit einer typischen Schwankungsbreite von ± 15 %, vorzugsweise ± 10 %, weiter vorzugsweise ± 5 %, variieren kann, da der Anteil von Halogenen in der Legierung typischerweise zwischen 0,005 Atom % bis 1 ,5 Atom %, vorzugsweise zwischenIn this third method too, an alloy is provided which has the same advantages as the above-described manufactured alloys. In carrying out the method steps, titanium aluminide alloys are also prepared in which halogens are added to the entire material, wherein the (relative) proportion of halogens (by volume) in the alloy over the entire volume or in a (small) subvolume of the The proportion of halogens may vary with a typical fluctuation range of ± 15%, preferably ± 10%, more preferably ± 5%, since the proportion of halogens in the alloy typically between 0.005 at% to 1.5 at%, preferably between
0,005 Atom % oder 0,01 Atom % bis 0,9 Atom %, schwanken kann. Als weitere Halogene neben Fluor und/oder Chlor, die in einer Legierung verteilt sind, können auch weitere Halogene wie Brom und/oder Jod eingesetzt werden.0.005 atom% or 0.01 atom% to 0.9 atom%, can vary. As further halogens in addition to fluorine and / or chlorine, in a Alloy are distributed, other halogens such as bromine and / or iodine can be used.
Um die hergestellte Legierung gemäß aller drei vorgestellten Verfahren an der Oberfläche oxidationsbeständig zu machen, wird eine gewünschte Oberfläche eines aus der Legierung hergestellten Gegenstands bzw. Bauteils oxidiert, für die eine Oxidationsbestän- digkeit gewünscht wird.In order to make the produced alloy oxidation-resistant on the surface according to all three methods presented, a desired surface of an article or component made of the alloy is oxidized, for which an oxidation resistance is desired.
Darüber hinaus ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung denkbar, dass bei den drei genannten Verfahren halogenartige Verbindungen, beispielsweise Silizium-Halogen-haltige Verbindungen oder Silizium- Halogen-Mischungen eingesetzt werden, die ebenfalls einen positiven Einfluss auf die Oxidationsbeständigkeit der Legierung haben.Moreover, it is conceivable within the scope of the invention that halogen-like compounds, for example silicon-halogen-containing compounds or silicon-halogen mixtures, are used in the three processes mentioned, which likewise have a positive influence on the oxidation resistance of the alloy.
Weiterhin wird unter einem halogenhaltigen Gas ein Gas verstanden, das neben anderen Gasen, vorzugsweise Inertgasen, sowohl ein Halogenelement als auch eine Mischung mehrerer Halogenele- mente aufweist.Furthermore, a halogen-containing gas is understood to mean a gas which, in addition to other gases, preferably inert gases, has both a halogen element and a mixture of several halogen elements.
In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt wird vor Erwärmung des Behälters das pulverförmige Titanaluminid, insbesondere Titan-Aluminid- Metallpulver, im Behälter mit einem Vakuum beaufschlagt. Darüber hinaus zeichnet sich ein weiterer Verfahrensschritt bei der Begasung des Metallpulvers dadurch aus, dass die mit Halogenen angereicherte Atmosphäre mit wenigstens einem inerten Gas, insbesondere nach einer Evakuierung des Behälters, bereitgestellt wird.In a further method step, prior to heating the container, the pulverulent titanium aluminide, in particular titanium aluminide metal powder, is subjected to a vacuum in the container. In addition, a further method step in the gassing of the metal powder is characterized in that the atmosphere enriched with halogens with at least one inert gas, in particular after evacuation of the container is provided.
Um eine gute und homogene Anreicherung des Titan-Aluminid- Metallpulvers im Behälter zu erreichen, werden der Behälter und/oder das pulverförmige Titanaluminid für eine Zeitdauer von 15 min bis 25 Stunden, vorzugsweise von 30 min bis 10 Stunden, erwärmt. Hierdurch wird eine ausreichend hohe, gleichmäßige Anreicherung von Titanaluminiden gemäß dem gewünschten Anreicherungsgrad an Halogenen in der geformten Titanlegierung erreicht.In order to achieve a good and homogeneous enrichment of the titanium aluminide metal powder in the container, the container and / or the powdered titanium aluminide for a period of 15 minutes to 25 hours, preferably from 30 minutes to 10 hours, heated. This achieves a sufficiently high, uniform enrichment of titanium aluminides according to the desired degree of halogenation in the shaped titanium alloy.
Weiterhin werden der Behälter und/oder das pulverförmige Titanaluminid auf eine Temperatur zwischen 3000C bis 13000C1 vorzugs- weise zwischen 500°C bis 10000C, erwärmt, wodurch eine guteFurthermore, the container and / or the powdery titanium aluminide to a temperature between 300 0 C to 1300 0 C 1 are preference, between 500 ° C to 1000 0 C, heated, whereby a good
Anreicherung des Metallpulvers mit Halogenen oder halogenartigen Verbindungen erreicht wird.Enrichment of the metal powder with halogens or halogen-like compounds is achieved.
Die Verfahrensschritte Evakuieren, Begasen und Erwärmen können auch mehrfach hintereinander ausgeführt werden, um eine höhereThe process steps evacuate, gassing and heating can also be performed several times in succession to a higher
Anreicherung an Halogenen zu erreichen.To achieve enrichment of halogens.
Außerdem wird in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt nach einer Erwärmung des Behälters das pulverförmige Titanaluminid, insbe- sondere Titan-Aluminid-Metallpulver, mit Unterdruck oder einemIn addition, in a further process step after heating of the container, the powdered titanium aluminide, in particular titanium aluminide metal powder, with negative pressure or a
Vakuum beaufschlagt.Vacuum applied.
Schließlich wird aus der durch heißes isostatisches Pressen geformten Legierung ein Bauteil hergestellt.Finally, a component is made from the alloy formed by hot isostatic pressing.
Darüber hinaus wird die Aufgabe durch ein Bauteil gelöst, das aus einer Legierung hergestellt ist oder wird, die nach einem der genannten Verfahren bzw. Verfahrensschritten hergestellt ist.Moreover, the object is achieved by a component which is or is made of an alloy which is produced by one of the said methods or method steps.
Titan-Aluminid-Legierungen werden vorzugsweise unter Verwendung von gießmetallurgischer oder pulvermetallurgischer Techniken hergestellt, wobei zur Ausführung der Verfahren die Titan- Aluminid-Legierungen in Pulverform in der Regel vorliegen, um die Metallpulver erfindungsgemäß mit Halogenen anzureichen. Bauteile aus Titanaluminiden werden üblicherweise mit den bekannten Umformverfahren und Verdüsungsverfahren entsprechend herges- teilt.Titanium aluminide alloys are preferably produced using casting metallurgy or powder metallurgy techniques, titanium being used to carry out the processes. As a rule, aluminide alloys in powder form are present in order to add the metal powders according to the invention with halogens. Components made of titanium aluminides are customarily produced by the known shaping methods and atomization methods.
Beispielsweise können bei den genannten Verfahren die TiAI- basierenden intermetallischen Verbindungen Legierungen mit einer allgemeinen Zusammensetzung von Titan und Aluminium entspre- chend den gewünschten und vorbestimmten Anforderungen in derFor example, in the above processes, the TiAl-based intermetallic compounds may be alloys having a general composition of titanium and aluminum according to the desired and predetermined requirements in the art
Legierung sein.Be alloy.
Titan-Aluminid-Legierungen, die nach den vorgestellten erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt werden, können allgemein beispielsweise zwischen 30 Atom % bis 70 Atom % Aluminium aufweisen, wobei zusätzlich noch weitere Stoffe oder Elemente, die weiter unten genannt sind, entsprechend den gewünschten Anforderungen an die Legierung bzw. den Werkstoff aufgenommen werden.Titanium aluminide alloys prepared according to the presented process of the present invention may generally comprise, for example, between 30 atomic% to 70 atomic% aluminum, with further additional substances or elements, which are mentioned below, corresponding to the desired alloying requirements or the material to be recorded.
In technisch wichtigen Bereichen von Legierungen, in denen dieIn technically important areas of alloys in which the
TiAI-Legierungen beispielsweise als Leichtbau-Werkstoff eingesetzt werden, können die Legierungen Gehalte an Aluminium zwischen 44 Atom % bis 49 Atom % AI haben. Zusätzlich können weitere Bestandteile wie z.B. Chrom (Cr), Niob (Nb), Mangan (Mn), Vanadium (V), Tantal (Ta), Molybdän (Mo), Zirkonium (Zr), WolframFor example, if TiAl alloys are used as a lightweight material, the alloys may have aluminum contents between 44 at% to 49 at% of Al. In addition, other ingredients such as e.g. Chromium (Cr), niobium (Nb), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum (Mo), zirconium (Zr), tungsten
(W), Silizium (Si) sowie ggf. Zusätze von Kohlenstoff (C) und/oder Bor (B) enthalten sein, wobei diese Zusatzstoffe einen Anteil von 0,1 Atom % bis 10 Atom % haben können.(W), silicon (Si) and, if appropriate, additions of carbon (C) and / or boron (B), these additives having a proportion of from 0.1 atom% to 10 atom%.
Für die industrielle Praxis sind insbesondere Legierungen ebenfalls interessant, die auf der intermetallischen Phase γ(TiAI) einer tetragonalen Struktur beruhen. Diese γ-Titanaluminid-Legierungen zeichnen sich durch Eigenschaften wie eine geringe Dichte (3,85 bis 4,3 g/cm3), hohe elastische Module und hohe Festigkeit sowie Kriechfestigkeit bis zu 7000C aus.Alloys which are based on the intermetallic phase γ (TiAl) of a tetragonal structure are also of particular interest for industrial practice. These γ-titanium aluminide alloys are characterized by properties such as a low density (3.85 to 4.3 g / cm 3 ), high elastic modulus and high strength and creep resistance up to 700 0 C.
Insbesondere weist eine bevorzugte Legierung eine Zusammensetzung von Ti - (45 bis 49 Atom %) Al - (5 Atom % bis 10 Atom %) X bestehen, wobei X = Cr, Nb, Mn, V, Ta, Mo1 Zr, W1 Si ist und gegebenenfalls mit Zusätzen von C und/oder B ausgebildet ist.In particular, a preferred alloy has a composition of Ti - (45 to 49 atomic%) Al - (5 atomic% to 10 atomic%) X where X = Cr, Nb, Mn, V, Ta, Mo 1 Zr, W 1 Si is and optionally with additions of C and / or B is formed.
Eine besonders hochfeste Titanaluminid-Legierung ist eine Legierungszusammensetzung aus Titan, Aluminid und Niob, der wahlweise noch Komponenten aus Bor und/oder Kohlenstoff zugefügt werden, wobei der Anteil an Bor und/oder Kohlenstoff in der Legierung unterhalb einer Konzentration von 0,5 Atom % gewählt wird. Typischerweise hat die Titanaluminid-Legierung eine Zusammensetzung von Ti - 45 Atom % Al-x Nb mit 5 Atom % < x < 10 Atom % und wahlweise bis zu 0,5 Atom % B (Bor) und/oder bis zu 0,5 Atom % C (Kohlenstoff).A particularly high-strength titanium aluminide alloy is an alloy composition of titanium, aluminide and niobium, to which optional components of boron and / or carbon are added, the proportion of boron and / or carbon in the alloy being below a concentration of 0.5 atom%. is selected. Typically, the titanium aluminide alloy has a composition of Ti - 45 at% Al-x Nb at 5 at% <x <10 at% and optionally up to 0.5 at% B (boron) and / or up to 0.5 atom % C (carbon).
Darüber hinaus können durch die erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auch Titanaluminid-Legierungen mit einer feinen und homogenen Gefügemorphologie bereitgestellt werden, wobei die Titanaluminide eine Legierungszusammensetzung aus Ti - z AI - y Nb mit 44,5 Atom % < z < 47 Atom %, insbesondere mit 44,5 Atom % < z < 45,5 Atom %, und 5 Atom % ≤ y ≤ 10 Atom % aufweisen, wobei diese Molybdän (Mo) im Bereich zwischen 0,1 Atom % bis 3,0 Atom %, enthält. Der Rest der Legierung besteht aus Ti (Titan).In addition, titanium aluminide alloys having a fine and homogeneous grain morphology can also be provided by the processes according to the invention, the titanium aluminides having an alloy composition of Ti - Al - y Nb with 44.5 atom% <z <47 atom%, in particular 44, 5 atomic% <z <45.5 atomic%, and 5 atomic% ≦ y ≦ 10 atomic%, wherein said molybdenum (Mo) ranges from 0.1 atomic% to 3.0 atomic%. The rest of the alloy is Ti (titanium).
Vor allem bei Ti - (44,5 Atom % bis 45,5 Atom %) AI - (5 Atom % bis 10 Atom %) Nb hat die Zugabe von Molybdän mit einem Gehalt ab 1 ,0 Atom % bis 3,0 Atom % zu guten Mikrostrukturen mit einer hohen Gefügehomogenität geführt. Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung enthält die vorgenannte Legierung ebenfalls Bor, vorzugsweise mit einem Bor- Gehalt in der Legierung im Bereich von 0,05 Atom % bis 0,8 Atom %. Der Zusatz von Bor führt vorteilhafterweise zur Bildung von stabilen Ausscheidungen, die zur mechanischen Härtung der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung und Stabilisierung des Gefüges der Legierung beitragen.Especially for Ti - (44.5 at% to 45.5 at%) Al - (5 at% to 10 at%) Nb the addition of molybdenum with a content from 1, 0 at% to 3.0 at% led to good microstructures with a high structural homogeneity. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the abovementioned alloy likewise contains boron, preferably with a boron content in the alloy in the range from 0.05 atom% to 0.8 atom%. The addition of boron advantageously leads to the formation of stable precipitates which contribute to the mechanical hardening of the alloy according to the invention and stabilization of the microstructure of the alloy.
Darüber hinaus ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Legierung Kohlenstoff enthält, und zwar vorzugsweise mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt im Bereich von 0,05 Atom % bis 0,8 Atom %. Auch der Zusatz von Kohlenstoff, vorzugsweise in Kombination mit dem vorbeschriebenen Zusatzstoff Bor, führt zur Bildung von stabilen Ausscheidungen, die ebenfalls zur mechanischen Härtung der Legierung und zurMoreover, it is advantageous if the alloy contains carbon, preferably with a carbon content in the range of 0.05 at% to 0.8 at%. The addition of carbon, preferably in combination with the above-mentioned additive boron, leads to the formation of stable precipitates, which also for mechanical hardening of the alloy and the
Stabilisierung des Gefüges beitragen.Stabilization of the structure contribute.
Auch durch eine Legierung auf Basis von unter Verwendung von schmelz- und pulvermetallurgischen Techniken hergestellten Titanaluminiden mit einer Legierungszusammensetzung aus Ti - z AI - y Nb- x B mit 44,5 Atom % < z < 47 Atom %, insbesondere mit 44,5 Atom % < z < 45,5 Atom %, 5 Atom % < y < 10 Atom % und 0,05 Atom % < x < 0,8 Atom %, wobei diese Molybdän (Mo) im Bereich zwischen 0, 1 Atom % bis 3 Atom % enthält, wird eine Titanaluminid-Legierung mit einer feinen und homogenen Gefügemorphologie unter Ausbildung einer stabilen ß-Phase bei hohen Temperaturen oberhalb von 7000C bereitgestellt.Also by an alloy based on titanium aluminides produced using fusion and powder metallurgy techniques and having an alloy composition of Ti - Al - y Nb - x B having 44.5 at% <z <47 at%, especially at 44.5 at % <z <45.5 at%, 5 at% <y <10 at% and 0.05 at% <x <0.8 at%, said molybdenum (Mo) being in the range of 0.1 atomic% to 3 Atom%, a titanium aluminide alloy is provided with a fine and homogeneous grain morphology to form a stable β-phase at high temperatures above 700 0 C.
Darüber hinaus zeigt eine Legierungszusammensetzung aus Ti - z AI - y Nb- w C mit 44,5 Atom % < z ≤ 47 Atom %, insbesondere mit 44,5 Atom % < z ≤ 45,5 Atom %, 5 Atom % ≤ y < 10 Atom % undIn addition, an alloy composition of Ti - z Al - y Nb - w C with 44.5 atom% <z ≤ 47 atom%, in particular with 44.5 atom% <z ≤ 45.5 atom%, 5 atom% ≤ y <10 at% and
0,05 Atom % < w < 0,8 Atom %, wobei diese Molybdän (Mo) im Bereich zwischen 0,5 Atom % bis 3 Atom % enthält, eine feine und homogene Gefügemorphologie, wobei unter Ausbildung der ß- Phase diese ß-Phase bis Temperaturen von 13200C stabil sind.0.05 atom% <w <0.8 atom%, said molybdenum (Mo) in the Range between 0.5 atom% to 3 atom% contains, a fine and homogeneous Gefügemorphologie, wherein forming the ß-phase, this ß-phase to temperatures of 1320 0 C are stable.
Auch bei einer Legierungszusammensetzung aus Ti - z AI - y Nb- x B - w C mit 44,5 Atom % < z ≤ 47 Atom %, insbesondere mit 44,5 Atom % < z < 45,5 Atom %, 5 Atom % < y < 10 Atom %, 0,05 Atom % < x < 0,8 Atom % und 0,05 Atom % < w < 0,8 Atom %, wobei diese Molybdän (Mo) im Bereich zwischen 0,1 Atom % bis 3 Atom % enthält, wird die stabile ß-Phase bis Temperaturen vonAlso in the case of an alloy composition of Ti - z Al - y Nb - x B - w C with 44.5 atom% <z ≤ 47 atom%, in particular with 44.5 atom% <z <45.5 atom%, 5 atom% <y <10 at%, 0.05 at% <x <0.8 at% and 0.05 at% <w <0.8 at%, said molybdenum (Mo) ranging between 0.1 at% to Contains 3 atom%, the stable ß-phase is up to temperatures of
13200C ausbildet.1320 0 C trains.
Entsprechend den gewünschten Anforderungen ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgesehen, eine entsprechende, voranstehend angegebene TiAI-Legierung als Metallpulver bzw. in Pulverform für die Durchführung eines der genannten Verfahren bereitzustellen, um durch die erfindungsgemäße Halogenisierung bzw. Halogenan- reichung des TiAI-Metallpulvers eine TiAI-Legierung zu erhalten, die in einem kleinen Teilvolumen an der Oberfläche und in der Tiefe einen nahezu konstanten relativen Anteil an Halogenen aufweist, wodurch die Oxidationsbeständigkeit des Werkstoffs bzw. der gesamten Legierung verbessert wird.According to the desired requirements, it is provided within the scope of the invention to provide a corresponding TiAl alloy given above as metal powder or in powder form for carrying out one of said processes in order to achieve a halogenation or halogenation of the TiAl metal powder according to the invention TiAl alloy having a nearly constant relative proportion of halogens in a small partial volume at the surface and in the depth, whereby the oxidation resistance of the material or the entire alloy is improved.
Bevorzugterweise werden in einer Ausführungsform weiterhin siliziumhaltige Halogene oder Kombinationen von Silizium mitPreferably, in one embodiment, silicon-containing halogens or combinations of silicon with
Halogenen bei der Durchführung der Verfahren eingesetzt, wodurch die Oxidationsbeständigkeit der hergestellten Titanaluminid- Legierungen verbessert wird, dadurch, dass die die Oxidationsbeständigkeit erhöhenden Elemente bzw. Verbindungen sowohl an der Oberfläche als auch im Material durchgehend homogen bzw. statistisch verteilt enthalten sind. Insofem ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung weiter möglich, neben Halogenen auch weitere die Oxidationsbeständigkeit von Titanalu- minid-Legierungen erhöhenden Stoffe oder Mischungen einzusetzen. Halogens are used in carrying out the method, whereby the oxidation resistance of the titanium aluminide alloys produced is improved, characterized in that the oxidation resistance enhancing elements or compounds both the surface and in the material are continuously distributed homogeneously or statistically distributed. In this respect, it is further possible within the scope of the invention to use, in addition to halogens, further substances or mixtures which increase the oxidation stability of titanium aluminide alloys.
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| US9650309B2 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2017-05-16 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Stability of gas atomized reactive powders through multiple step in-situ passivation |
| US9833837B2 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2017-12-05 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Passivation and alloying element retention in gas atomized powders |
| CN105274392B (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-07-28 | 鲁东大学 | A kind of preparation method of automobile turbocharger turbo blade |
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| CN106906505B (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2019-01-08 | 浙江工业大学 | A method of ceramic coating is obtained based on halide effect and pretreatment and improves titanium-base alloy high temperature oxidation resistance |
| CN106906504B (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2019-01-18 | 浙江工业大学 | One kind being based on halide effect and SiO2The method of waterglass composite ceramic coat raising titanium-base alloy high temperature oxidation resistance |
| WO2019140048A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Arconic Inc. | Methods for making titanium aluminide materials |
| EP3943208A4 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2022-11-09 | IHI Corporation | Titanium aluminide alloy material for hot forging, and method for forging titanium aluminide alloy material |
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| DE19627605C1 (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1997-07-10 | Dechema | Increasing corrosion resistance of titanium-aluminium alloy |
| EP0770702A1 (en) * | 1995-10-23 | 1997-05-02 | DECHEMA Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chemisches Apparatewesen, Chemische Technik und Biotechnologie e.V. | Process for increasing the corrosion-resistance of TiAl based alloys |
| DE10351946A1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-10-07 | Dechema Gesellschaft Für Chemische Technik Und Biotechnologie E.V. | Process for treating the surface of a component consisting of an AL alloy, in particular a TiAL alloy, and the use of organic halocarbon compounds or halides incorporated in an organic matrix |
-
2007
- 2007-07-10 DE DE102007032406A patent/DE102007032406B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-04-21 WO PCT/EP2008/003173 patent/WO2009006954A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-04-21 EP EP08749011A patent/EP2185738B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-04-21 JP JP2010515354A patent/JP2010532822A/en active Pending
- 2008-04-21 AT AT08749011T patent/ATE546556T1/en active
- 2008-04-21 ES ES08749011T patent/ES2378254T3/en active Active
- 2008-04-21 CN CN2008800238258A patent/CN101796205B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-01-08 US US12/684,176 patent/US20100119402A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009006954A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007032406B3 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
| ES2378254T3 (en) | 2012-04-10 |
| CN101796205A (en) | 2010-08-04 |
| WO2009006954A2 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| CN101796205B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| JP2010532822A (en) | 2010-10-14 |
| WO2009006954A3 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
| US20100119402A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
| EP2185738B1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
| ATE546556T1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
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