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EP2160320B1 - Appareil de respiration sous l'eau autonome amélioré - Google Patents

Appareil de respiration sous l'eau autonome amélioré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2160320B1
EP2160320B1 EP08737552A EP08737552A EP2160320B1 EP 2160320 B1 EP2160320 B1 EP 2160320B1 EP 08737552 A EP08737552 A EP 08737552A EP 08737552 A EP08737552 A EP 08737552A EP 2160320 B1 EP2160320 B1 EP 2160320B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container enclosure
watertight container
watertight
enclosure
diving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08737552A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2160320A1 (fr
Inventor
Luciano Manini
Roberto Giampieretti
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/18—Air supply
    • B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C2011/027—Shells for diving equipment, i.e. substantially rigid housings or covers, e.g. streamlined shells

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, as described for example in FR-A-2651203 .
  • Such apparatus are generally made intended for traditional underwater activities, in which the diver dives following the "surface-bottom-surface” diving technique typical of the most currently common diving standards, codified by the US Navy.
  • the "surface-bottom-surface” diving technique codified by the US Navy provides for that the diving starts with a descent step to the programmed depth along a monotonic descending path, that the diver remains at such depth for the entire period of time available, that is for the period of time compatible with the air store capacity available at the end of the descent and the air consumption rate calculated for the ascent, and that the diver completes the diving resurfacing with a suitably slow monotonic ascent, possibly performing safety stops to comply with periods provided for by the controlled decompression directives.
  • this might be the case of tourists or non-professional sportsmen who, attracted by the possibility to explore the marine depths, in their most entertaining areas, that is over the first metres in depth, easily experimented the snorkelling activity - looking underwater equipped with a diving mask, swim fins and a snorkel - due to the special comfort of access which characterises such activity and those who would like to take a further step ahead into actual diving activity undertaken at a non-professional level as well as occasionally but feel discouraged for a number of operational difficulties which tend to negatively influence their approach to traditional diving.
  • the various operational components making up the known scuba diving equipment required for diving must be preliminarily assembled to each other each time one prepares for a diving session.
  • the structure of the assembled system is made up of different elements of the equipment, which are exposed both to corrosion phenomena and to the possible deposit of material dispersed in water, for example salt in sea diving, over the entire duration of the diving session. Therefore, at the end of each session, each component must be cleaned by washing using fresh and pure water, in such a manner to preserve their condition and functionality over time. Consequently, also the end of diving session operations are complex and tedious, with the disadvantage of further jeopardising the good approach of the occasional or neophyte non-professional diver towards regular diving activity.
  • the range of the field of use provided for the configuration of the traditional equipment requires large dimensions of the various components of the equipment, each of which must be capable of safely meeting the maximum depth conditions, though such depth shall never be reached under the common usage of the equipment by non-professional divers, often solely interested in exploring substantially shallower depths with respect to the maximum depth the equipment is designed for.
  • Such design set-up implies that the user constantly manoeuvres, for example even at a depth amounting to only 10 m, equipment designed for much greater depths, leading to additional unwanted encumbrance in terms of complexity of the equipment and procedures, but above all in terms of weight as well as the manageability of the equipment.
  • the objective of the present invention is that of providing a device capable of overcoming the abovementioned drawbacks of the known art in an extremely easy, inexpensive and particularly functional manner.
  • Another objective is that of providing an improved light, manageable and compact self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.
  • Another objective is that of providing a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus suitable to be employed not only under the general diving conditions outlined by the US Navy code but also, due to its versatility, in other diving conditions, "developed snorkelling", characterised by a different diving technique articulated in several short periods of stay underwater up to a depth of 12 m, one separated from the other by a surface exploration “snorkelling” session.
  • Another objective is that of providing an improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus which is easy to use and requiring fewer preliminary preparation and final maintenance operations at each diving session with respect to the traditional equipment.
  • Another objective is that of providing an improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus with the possibility to use power supplied by rechargeable batteries accommodated inside the apparatus itself.
  • FIG. 10 shown and indicated by 10 is an improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • such improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 10 comprises a watertight container enclosure 11, preferably made of rigid material, which can be selectively opened and worn by a user like a backpack, internally provided with a pressure reducer 22, connectable in a removable manner to an air store 18 in turn constrainable in a removable manner inside a watertight container enclosure 11.
  • the abovementioned pressure reducer 22 is further connected from one side to an external console element 25, in particular on an upper portion of the rear surface of the watertight container enclosure 11, which is constrainable to other devices to convey the air contained in the store 18 to the external.
  • such improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 10 as just described above is assembled in a stable manner, that is it does not require any assembly activity before and/or after use.
  • the watertight container enclosure 11 is a parallelepiped-shaped element made up of a first and a second shell element 12 and 13, preferably made of rigid material, joint to each other by watertight joining means 14, such as for example gaskets, in which the second shell element 13 forms the front surface of the watertight container enclosure 11, while the first shell element 12 forms the side and rear surfaces.
  • the abovementioned constraint means 15 fixed externally on the rear portion of the first shell element 12, that is the surface adapted to come into contact with the back of the diver, are the abovementioned constraint means 15 adapted to allow a user to wear and/or transport the enclosure 11 itself during its use as if it were a backpack.
  • such constraint means 15 are an ergonomic backrest element 15 provided with shoulder straps 16, preferably upholstered, and with a ventral belt 17, or a harness, in such a manner to provide the abovementioned transport structure for the enclosure 11 of the mountain backpack type.
  • the air store 18 accommodated inside the enclosure 11, and precisely in the inner compartment of the first shell element 12, is the air store 18, which is generally a common cylinder 18.
  • such cylinder 18 is accommodated in the inner compartment of the first shell element 12 in a space laterally delimited by two bulkheads 19 and by a cover 20 provided with watertight gaskets 21.
  • the improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 10 further comprises a pressure reduction group 22 constrained inside the enclosure 11, an example of such component is shown in figure 4 , which acts the function of first stage for reducing the pressure of the air regulator group from the cylinder 18 to external devices.
  • a related set of fittings 23a, 23b which are in turn connected to couplings 24a and 24b of a console element 25.
  • the pressure reduction group 22 of the regulator group is accommodated, as already mentioned, inside the container enclosure 11 and it interacts with the cylinder 18.
  • the operation of the pressure reduction group 22 is based on a membrane device which detects the variations of the external pressure and consequently commands a valve regulating the air flow rate at the exit, opening or closing depending on the abovementioned pressure variations.
  • such membrane 26 is located on the console 25 and forms the sole element of the pressure reduction group 22 which remains in contact with the external liquid environment. Furthermore, such pressure reduction group 22 is connected to the fittings 27 of the cylinder by means of a high pressure pipe fitting 28 arranged outside the watertight enclosure 11.
  • fittings 27 must be compulsorily accessible during use according to the provisions of the EN regulations in force.
  • the couplings 24a are of the high pressure type while the couplings 24b are of the low pressure type and they respectively correspond to fittings 23a and 23b projecting from the pressure reduction group 22.
  • Coupled to the abovementioned couplings shall be other external devices entirely known and not subject of the present invention such as for example the second regulator stage, the second store regulator stage and the pressure gauge or any other more advanced equipment.
  • the improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 10 also provides for that inside the enclosure 11 rechargeable batteries might be accommodated to supply power. Said power can be used to supply the control equipment, acoustic or visual safety devices, communication systems, propulsion elements or as auxiliary sources of energy for external components, such as torches and underwater photography flashes.
  • the improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 10 can comprise buoyancy control means.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of a first embodiment of such buoyancy control means 30-36 which are accommodated inside the second shell element 13.
  • the buoyancy control means 30-36 provide a controlled flooding mechanism for a part of the enclosure 11.
  • the enclosure 11 is watertight and it is connected to the external by two pumps 30 and 31 shown in figure 6 through the respective distribution devices 32 and 33.
  • the flooding and emptying circuits are connected with the external environment through the vent and suction valves 34 and 35.
  • the diver By commanding the two abovementioned pumps 30 and 31, the diver is capable of regulating the level of flooding of the enclosure 11, in such a manner to achieve the desired net thrust, ascending or descending, such as the vertical force generated between the overall Archimedes' thrust and the weights of the diver, of the dry equipment and of the ballast water added into the enclosure 11.
  • Shown in figure 6 is also a hole 36 made in the first shell 12 through which the pipe of the vent and suction valve 34 is engaged.
  • the distribution devices 32 and 33 serve to guarantee the uniformity of the flooding level in the enclosure 11.
  • the internal of the enclosure 11 can also be partitioned with separation walls in such a manner to create separate smaller flooding compartments.
  • Said flooding compartments are, in turn, watertight, they are not connected to each other and they can be connected to the two bilge pumps by a distribution group capable of guaranteeing a uniform flooding level in all the compartments.
  • buoyancy control means 30-36 are thus "constant displacement and variable ballast" means, wherein the term displacement indicates the weight of the water moved by the apparatus in question.
  • buoyancy control means 40-41 Also provided, according to the invention, is a second embodiment for the so-called “variable displacement and constant ballast" buoyancy control means 40-41.
  • FIG. 7 Such embodiment is shown in figure 7 where the first and the second shell element 12 and 13 forming the enclosure 11 are connected to each other by means of a deformable "bellows" component 40.
  • Such bellows 40 is preferably a band of flexible and impermeable material made of, as a non-exhaustive example, cordura or rubber capable of allowing the volumetric extensibility of the enclosure 11 and thus generating the suitable displacement variations of the apparatus.
  • the bellows 40 is stably fastened to the perimeter of one of the two shell elements 12 and 13, for example to the perimeter of shell element 13, while on the other side it is couplable to the perimeter of the other shell element 12 by means of a coupling and uncoupling group, provided with watertight gaskets, capable both of guaranteeing the watertight sealing of the content of the enclosure, and easy access to the internal components for maintenance operations.
  • a housing for the ballast required to compensate for the Archimedes' thrust is a housing for the ballast required to compensate for the Archimedes' thrust, made using the same variety of materials of which the traditional ballast is made, for example lead, but suitably shaped to find an appropriate accommodation in the abovementioned compartments.
  • Such accommodation is provided in such a manner to allow quick ejection of the ballast from the abovementioned housing when underwater, without jeopardising the watertight sealing of the other components held inside the enclosure 11.
  • FIGs 8a and 8b represent the latter embodiment provided with the bellows element 40 at two different steps of operation.
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b schematise two different volumetric configurations that the improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 10 is capable of achieving due to the extensibility of the bellows 40.
  • Such extensibility allows the diver to inflate the compartment by pumping low pressure compressed air drawn from the cylinder 18, or by insufflating it through the mouth by means of an auxiliary pipe, as well as deflating it by means of valves, manual or more advanced valves, schematised for exemplification purposes by the detail 41.
  • the improved self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 10 comprises a watertight container enclosure 11, preferably made of rigid material, which can be selectively opened and worn by a user like a backpack, internally provided with a pressure reducer 22 connectable on one side to an air store 18, generally a common cylinder 18, in turn constrainable inside the watertight container enclosure 11, and connected on the other side to an external console element 25 for supplying air.
  • buoyancy control means 30-36, 40-41 for allowing the user an ideal control of his buoyancy in water.
  • all the elements forming the assembly that is the pressure reducer 22, possibly the cylinder 18, and the buoyancy control means 30-36, 40-41 are provided built in inside the watertight container enclosure 11 in a stably assembled configuration without requiring any additional assembly.
  • an improved light, manageable and compact self-contained underwater breathing apparatus which requires fewer preliminary preparation and final maintenance operations at each diving session with respect to the traditional equipment, and which can be used for diving starting from a few metres up to reaching greater depths.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Appareil respiratoire autonome de plongée (10) comprenant une enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) qui peut être ouvert sélectivement et porté par un utilisateur comme un sac-à-dos, un réducteur de pression (22) retenu à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) et un élément de console externe (25) raccordable à d'autres dispositifs d'alimentation d'air, dans lequel ledit réducteur de pression (22) est raccordable d'un côté à une réserve d'air (18), pouvant être retenue à son tour à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11), et raccordé de l'autre côté audit élément de console externe (25) muni de moyens de contrôle de flottabilité (30-36, 40-41).
  2. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) est de forme parallélépipède et comprend un premier et un deuxième élément de coquille (12, 13) connectable sélectivement l'un avec l'autre par des moyens d'union étanches à l'eau (14), dans lequel ledit deuxième élément de coquille (13) forme la surface frontale de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11), alors que ledit premier élément de coquille (12) forme les surfaces arrière et latérales.
  3. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier élément de coquille (12) est pourvu à l'intérieur de deux cloisons latérales (19) pour contenir ladite réserve d'air (18) et en ce que ledit appareil (10) comprend un élément de couverture (20) muni d'au moins un joint étanche à l'eau (21) pour couvrir la partie avant et supérieure de ladite réserve d'air (18).
  4. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit réducteur de pression (22), ladite réserve d'air (18) et lesdits moyens de contrôle de flottabilité (30-36, 40-41) sont incorporés à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) dans une configuration assemblée de manière stable sans nécessiter aucun assemblage additionnel.
  5. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit réducteur de pression (22) est raccordé audit élément de console (25) par une pluralité de raccords (23a, 23b) qui font saillie au niveau de la partie arrière avec des accouplements correspondants (24a, 24b) pour d'autres dispositifs.
  6. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de contrôle de flottabilité (30-36, 40-41) comprennent des mécanismes (30-36) avec ballast réglable.
  7. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits mécanismes (30-36) avec ballast réglable comprennent des mécanismes de noyage contrôlé (30-36) d'au moins une portion interne de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11).
  8. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que lesdits mécanismes de noyage contrôlé (30-36) d'au moins une portion interne de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) comprennent deux pompes (30, 31) équipées de deux vannes d'évent et/ou d'aspiration (34, 35) logées dans des trous (36) de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) et raccordées à deux dispositifs de distribution internes (32, 33) pour l'entrée et/ou la sortie d'eau par rapport à ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11).
  9. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau comprend à l'intérieur au moins un compartiment de noyage étanche à l'eau raccordé à au moins un desdits dispositifs de distribution (32, 33).
  10. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de contrôle de flottabilité (30-36, 40-41) comprennent des mécanismes (40-41) avec ballast constant.
  11. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdits deux éléments de coquille (12, 13) qui forment ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) sont unies par un élément à soufflet déformable (40) constitué de matériau flexible et imperméable adapté pour faire varier sélectivement le volume interne de ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11).
  12. Appareil (10) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) comprend à l'intérieur au moins un élément de ballast constant disposé dans un logement approprié et rapidement éjectable en plongée en maintenant ladite enveloppe de conteneur (11) étanche à l'eau.
  13. Appareil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) comprend une structure de dosseret ergonomique (15) au niveau de la partie arrière, équipée de deux sangles d'épaule (16) et d'une courroie ventrale (17).
  14. Appareil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) comprend à l'intérieur des dispositifs électroniques pour divers équipements accessoires.
  15. Appareil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) comprend à l'intérieur des batteries rechargeables pour alimenter en énergie des équipements liés à la sécurité du plongeur et/ou aux activités de plongée effectuées.
  16. Appareil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe de conteneur étanche à l'eau (11) comprend des espaces de stockage internes pour des composants externes de l'équipement de plongée.
EP08737552A 2007-06-25 2008-04-24 Appareil de respiration sous l'eau autonome amélioré Active EP2160320B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001273A ITMI20071273A1 (it) 2007-06-25 2007-06-25 Apparato respiratorio subacqueo autonomo perfezionato
PCT/IB2008/001042 WO2009001178A1 (fr) 2007-06-25 2008-04-24 Appareil de respiration sous l'eau autonome amélioré

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2160320A1 EP2160320A1 (fr) 2010-03-10
EP2160320B1 true EP2160320B1 (fr) 2011-09-07

Family

ID=39731214

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08737552A Active EP2160320B1 (fr) 2007-06-25 2008-04-24 Appareil de respiration sous l'eau autonome amélioré

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2160320B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE523421T1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20071273A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009001178A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2516023A (en) * 2013-07-07 2015-01-14 Andrew Russell Coughlin Shallow depth diving equipment housing
EP3501610B1 (fr) 2017-12-19 2024-02-07 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA Boîtier d'un appareil respiratoire à circuit fermé

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4449655A (en) * 1981-10-05 1984-05-22 U.S.D. Corp. Combination backpack and gear bag
IT1224614B (it) * 1988-01-25 1990-10-04 Falletta Angelo Barbierato Rob Zaino anfibio.
FR2651203B1 (fr) * 1989-08-31 1995-05-05 Paul Robin Carenage support d'equipement pour scaphandrier autonome.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20071273A1 (it) 2008-12-26
EP2160320A1 (fr) 2010-03-10
WO2009001178A1 (fr) 2008-12-31
ATE523421T1 (de) 2011-09-15

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