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EP2014980A1 - Ceramic burner plate - Google Patents

Ceramic burner plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2014980A1
EP2014980A1 EP07013787A EP07013787A EP2014980A1 EP 2014980 A1 EP2014980 A1 EP 2014980A1 EP 07013787 A EP07013787 A EP 07013787A EP 07013787 A EP07013787 A EP 07013787A EP 2014980 A1 EP2014980 A1 EP 2014980A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
burner plate
ceramic
burner
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07013787A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernd H. Prof. Schwank
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schwank GmbH
Original Assignee
Schwank GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schwank GmbH filed Critical Schwank GmbH
Priority to EP07013787A priority Critical patent/EP2014980A1/en
Priority to CA002637506A priority patent/CA2637506A1/en
Priority to JP2008181487A priority patent/JP2009018988A/en
Priority to US12/171,374 priority patent/US20090029306A1/en
Priority to CNA2008101379823A priority patent/CN101413665A/en
Publication of EP2014980A1 publication Critical patent/EP2014980A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/16—Radiant burners using permeable blocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/105—Porous plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/03082—Wick made of specific material, e.g. ceramic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ceramic burner plate for infrared radiators, which has as its main component a lithium silicate.
  • Ceramic burner plates are used in infrared radiators in which a gas-oxygen mixture is burned on the surface of the ceramic plates for heat generation. This creates infrared radiation, which is used for heat generation.
  • infrared heaters over conventional heating systems is, on the one hand, that infrared radiators can dissipate heat almost lossless, since no carrier medium is needed for energy transport, but the heat in the form of infrared radiation is emitted, on the other hand draft phenomena, as they occur in conventional combustion systems, can be avoided ,
  • radiators are heated directly by an atmospheric burner and operated with a suitable fuel such as natural gas or LPG.
  • a suitable fuel such as natural gas or LPG.
  • they are installed on the wall or ceiling and are used primarily for heating high or poorly insulated rooms, their property as an infrared radiation source having an advantageous effect, since primarily the illuminated surfaces are heated and only secondarily, the ambient air is heated.
  • the name Hellstrahler is attributed to the visible combustion of a fuel-air mixture on the ceramic burner plate, which thereby anneals.
  • the ceramic burner plates can reach temperatures of 950 ° C and more.
  • a dark radiator also generate the heat by burning an oxygen-fuel gas mixture, but in contrast to the light radiators in a closed jet pipe.
  • the hot gases generated by the combustion heat the surface of the jet pipe, which emits the heat predominantly as radiation.
  • a dark radiator consists essentially of a burner plate having a burner, a fan, a radiation tube and a reflector disposed above.
  • the fan is arranged in front of the burner, so that air is pressed into the system. As a result, a laminar flame distribution is achieved, which leads to a more uniform heating of the jet pipe.
  • the fan is not exposed to the hot exhaust gases in this construction, which significantly reduces the mechanical stress on the fan.
  • the radiation yield of modern dark radiators can be up to 65%.
  • Burner plates for infrared radiators are generally known in the art. So revealed the DE 21 63 498 a burner plate for infrared radiator with mounted on the radiation side wells and with for supplying the fuel-air mixture from the mixture side of the plate to the emission side extending, mutually parallel combustion channels, of which at least one concentrically arranged in the bottom of the recess and others on the Side of the recess and are distributed to the surfaces located between the wells, which is characterized in that the combustion channels are distributed over the recesses and the material webs therebetween such that the resulting flames so evenly on the side surfaces of the recess on the one hand and the intervening On the other hand material webs act, that the resulting temperature in the wells of the web surface resulting temperature is approximately equal.
  • This embodiment of the burner plate represents the standard today used embodiment of the burner plate.
  • the DE 94 02 556 U1 discloses a ceramic gas burner plate which is conventionally made of cordierite. It can be produced synthetically from clay, steatite and alumina or alumina as magnesium aluminum silicate become.
  • German patent application DE 44 45 426 A1 discloses a radiant burner with a gas-permeable burner plate, which burner plate may be made of fiber materials such as silicon carbide fibers in the gas-permeable regions, whereas the gas-impermeable regions are formed of alumina or cordierite-based ceramics.
  • the DE 40 41 061 A1 discloses a burner plate.
  • the burner plate disclosed here is particularly suitable for flat burners and is based on an aluminum titanate ceramic.
  • an Al 2 TiO 5 ceramic is disclosed as being suitable for the production of corresponding burner plates.
  • the DE 91 16 829 discloses a burner plate for radiant burners, which consists predominantly of alumina.
  • the aluminum silicates used to produce the burner plates known from the prior art have a relatively low firing temperature of at most 1000 ° C., which is in the range of the operating temperature of the infrared radiators. This leads to a heavy load on the burner plates.
  • magnesium silicates such as cordierite have a significantly higher firing temperature of 1300 ° C, but these must either be fired from ground and mixed raw materials at high temperatures or burned masses must be ground, mixed into the burner plate mass and then at low temperature finished burned. In addition to a higher load on the material, this leads to a significantly higher outlay in the production of the burner plates.
  • the object of the present invention is to specify a ceramic burner plate which is improved with respect to its material.
  • a ceramic burner plate for infrared radiators which is characterized in that the burner plate has a lithium oxide content of between 0.63 wt .-% and 7.6 wt .-%.
  • a lithium oxide content in the range between 0.63 wt .-% and 7.6 wt .-% corresponds to a content of lithium silicate in the ceramic composition for the production of the burner plate of 15% assuming a lithium oxide content in the lithium silicate of 4.2% and 100% of a lithium silicate with an assumed lithium oxide content of 7.6 wt .-%.
  • lithium silicates such as silicates of the feldspar-type petalite the general formula Li 2 O * Al 2 O 3 * 2, or spodumene 8SiO the general formula Li 2 O * Al 2 O 3 4SiO 2 * can of course.
  • lithium minerals such as lepidolite or synthetic lithium carbonates can be used.
  • the burner plates according to the invention may contain as further constituents at least one oxide of the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , CaO, MgO, K 2 O, Na 2 O, Mn 3 O 4 , Cr 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 or ZrO 2 .
  • the ceramic burner plates according to the invention can have the abovementioned oxides in the amounts stated in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 Al 2 O 3 22.0-35.0% SiO 2 55.0-70.0% Fe 2 O 3 0,00-8,00% TiO 2 0,00-4,00% CaO 0,00-4,00% MgO 0,00-10,0% K 2 O 0,00-2,00% Na 2 O 0,00-2,00% Mn 3 O 4 0,00-8,00% Cr 2 O 3 0,00-2,00% P 2 O 3 0.00-1.00% ZrO 2 0.00-5.00% Li 2 O 1,00-7,60%
  • these oxides are added to the material for producing the ceramic burner plate in the form of suitable minerals.
  • Bindetones with a high plastic clay mineral content and a high Al 2 O 3 content can be used according to the invention. Bindetones with an Al 2 O 3 content> 30% by weight are preferably used.
  • Bindetones having a low alkali content ⁇ 1.5% by weight are advantageously used in accordance with the invention.
  • the proportion of free quartz in the advantageously used binding clays is ⁇ 8 wt .-%.
  • magnesium silicates can be added to the material for producing the ceramic burner plate.
  • a mixture of the aforementioned oxide-containing materials is added to the material for producing the ceramic burner plate.
  • the ceramic burner plates according to the invention exhibit a continuous capacity at temperatures> 1100 ° C.
  • the ceramic burner plates according to the invention are not brittle like the plates known from the prior art, but soft, which significantly simplifies their processing.
  • the burner plates according to the invention exhibit an extremely low thermal expansion, which reduces their mechanical load and, moreover, simplifies the secure bonding of the plates at different temperatures to carrier systems.
  • the plates of the invention show a high thermal shock resistance and are extremely durable.
  • the mechanical hardness of the ceramic burner plates according to the invention can be controlled via the firing temperature in relatively large areas.
  • the ceramic burner plates according to the invention show, for example, at a firing temperature ⁇ 1025 ° C, a standard breaking strength of 16 - 18 kg. An increase in the firing temperature increases the breaking strength.
  • a ceramic burner plate according to the invention for example, at a firing temperature of 1100 ° C, a standard breaking strength of up to 22 kg. By increasing the firing temperature, the breaking strength can be further increased to well over 24 kg.
  • a ceramic burner plate according to the invention with a density of 1.2 g / cm 3 and a porosity of 54% shows the following composition.
  • ceramic plate Al 2 O 3 26,17 SiO 2 65.89 Fe 2 O 3 1.36 TiO 2 1.05 CaO 0.47 MgO 4.00 K 2 O 0.66 Na 2 O 0.29 Mn 3 O 4 0.03 Cr 2 O 3 ⁇ 0.01 P 2 O 5 0.08 ZrO 2 ⁇ 0.01 Li 2 O-dried sample 1.49 AAS Weight change d. Annealing (1025 ° C) -0.03
  • the thermal shock resistance TWB (1-3) of the ceramic burner plate according to the invention was 1, wherein the thermal shock resistance is determined by means of a quenching test.
  • a TWB value of 1 correlates with a thermal expansion of the ceramic plate of about 0.2 at 950 ° C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

The ceramic burner plate has lithium oxide content between 0.63 and 7.6 weight percent. The burner plate has oxide from the group consisting aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide or zirconium dioxide as another components.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine keramische Brennerplatte für Infrarotstrahler, welche als Hauptbestandteil ein Lithiumsilikat aufweist.The present invention relates to a ceramic burner plate for infrared radiators, which has as its main component a lithium silicate.

Keramische Brennerplatten werden in Infrarotstrahlern eingesetzt, in welchen zur Wärmeerzeugung ein Gas-Sauerstoff-Gemisch an der Oberfläche der Keramikplatten verbrannt wird. Hierbei entsteht Infrarotstrahlung, welche zur Wärmeerzeugung genutzt wird. Der Vorteil von Infrarotstrahlern gegenüber herkömmlichen Heizungssystemen ist zum einen, dass Infrarotstrahler nahezu verlustfrei Wärme abgeben können, da kein Trägermedium zum Energietransport benötigt wird, sondern die Wärme in Form von Infrarotstrahlung abgegeben wird, zum anderen Zuglufterscheinungen, wie sie bei konventionellen Verbrennungssystemen auftreten, vermieden werden.Ceramic burner plates are used in infrared radiators in which a gas-oxygen mixture is burned on the surface of the ceramic plates for heat generation. This creates infrared radiation, which is used for heat generation. The advantage of infrared heaters over conventional heating systems is, on the one hand, that infrared radiators can dissipate heat almost lossless, since no carrier medium is needed for energy transport, but the heat in the form of infrared radiation is emitted, on the other hand draft phenomena, as they occur in conventional combustion systems, can be avoided ,

Während früher die als Brennerplatten eingesetzten Keramikplatten relativ einfach aufgebaut waren, zeigen heutige keramische Brennerplatten komplexe Oberflächenstrukturen, durch welche sich die Leistungsausbeute und das Emissionsverhalten deutlich beeinflussen lassen. Heute befinden sich beispielsweise zwischen 3000 und 4000 Löcher mit einem Durchmesser von 1 bis 1,3 mm auf einer Brennerplatte. Die sogenannte Tiefeneffektstruktur der Brennerplatte ähnelt einer gleichmäßig angeordneten Bienenwabe. Hierdurch vergrößert sich die spezifische Oberfläche und damit die Wärmeübertragungsfläche und die Strahlungsausbeute.While the ceramic plates used as burner plates used to be relatively simple in construction, today's ceramic burner plates show complex surface structures, by means of which the power yield and the emission behavior can be significantly influenced. Today, for example, there are between 3000 and 4000 holes with a diameter of 1 to 1.3 mm on a burner plate. The so-called depth effect structure of the burner plate is similar to a uniformly arranged honeycomb. This increases the specific surface and thus the heat transfer surface and the radiation yield.

Im Bereich der Infrarotstrahler wird zwischen Hell- und Dunkelstrahlern unterschieden. Hellstrahler werden durch einen atmosphärischen Brenner direkt beheizt und mit einem geeigneten Brennstoff wie Erdgas oder Flüssiggas betrieben. Vielfach werden sie an Wand oder Decke installiert und dienen hauptsächlich zur Erwärmung hoher oder schlecht gedämmter Räume, wobei ihre Eigenschaft als Infrarotstrahlungsquelle sich vorteilhaft auswirkt, da primär die angestrahlten Oberflächen erwärmt werden und nur sekundär die Umgebungsluft aufgeheizt wird. Der Name Hellstrahler ist zurückgeführt auf die sichtbare Verbrennung eines Brennstoff-Luftgemisches auf der keramischen Brennerplatte, welche dabei aufglüht. Die keramischen Brennerplatten können hierbei Temperaturen von 950° C und mehr erreichen.In the field of infrared radiators, a distinction is made between bright and dark radiators. Light radiators are heated directly by an atmospheric burner and operated with a suitable fuel such as natural gas or LPG. In many cases, they are installed on the wall or ceiling and are used primarily for heating high or poorly insulated rooms, their property as an infrared radiation source having an advantageous effect, since primarily the illuminated surfaces are heated and only secondarily, the ambient air is heated. The name Hellstrahler is attributed to the visible combustion of a fuel-air mixture on the ceramic burner plate, which thereby anneals. The ceramic burner plates can reach temperatures of 950 ° C and more.

Dunkelstrahler erzeugen die Wärme ebenfalls durch Verbrennung eines Sauerstoff-Brenngas-Gemisches, jedoch im Unterschied zu den Hellstrahlern in einem geschlossenen Strahlrohr. Die durch die Verbrennung erzeugten Heißgase erhitzen die Oberfläche des Strahlrohres, welches die Wärme überwiegend als Strahlung abgibt. Ein Dunkelstrahler besteht im wesentlichen aus einem eine Brennerplatte aufweisenden Brenner, einem Ventilator, einem Strahlungsrohr und einem darüber angeordneten Reflektor. In modernen Dunkelstrahlern ist der Ventilator vor dem Brenner angeordnet, so dass Luft in das System eingedrückt wird. Hierdurch wird eine laminare Flammenverteilung erreicht, welche zu einer gleichmäßigeren Erwärmung des Strahlrohres führt. Darüber hinaus ist der Ventilator bei dieser Konstruktionsweise nicht den heißen Abgasen ausgesetzt, was die mechanische Belastung des Ventilators deutlich reduziert.Dark radiators also generate the heat by burning an oxygen-fuel gas mixture, but in contrast to the light radiators in a closed jet pipe. The hot gases generated by the combustion heat the surface of the jet pipe, which emits the heat predominantly as radiation. A dark radiator consists essentially of a burner plate having a burner, a fan, a radiation tube and a reflector disposed above. In modern dark radiators, the fan is arranged in front of the burner, so that air is pressed into the system. As a result, a laminar flame distribution is achieved, which leads to a more uniform heating of the jet pipe. In addition, the fan is not exposed to the hot exhaust gases in this construction, which significantly reduces the mechanical stress on the fan.

Die Strahlungsausbeute bei modernen Dunkelstrahlern kann bis zu 65 % betragen.The radiation yield of modern dark radiators can be up to 65%.

Brennerplatten für Infrarotstrahler sind allgemein aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. So offenbart die DE 21 63 498 eine Brennerplatte für Infrarotstrahler mit auf der Abstrahlungsseite angebrachten Vertiefungen und mit zur Zuführung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches von der Gemischseite der Platte nach der Abstrahlungsseite hin verlaufenden, parallel zueinander angeordneten Verbrennungskanälen, von denen mindestens einer konzentrisch im Grunde der Vertiefung angeordnet und weitere über die Seiten der Vertiefung und an die zwischen den Vertiefungen befindlichen Flächen verteilt sind, welcher dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Verbrennungskanäle über die Vertiefungen und die dazwischen stehenden Materialstege derart verteilt sind, dass die entstehenden Flammen so gleichmäßig auf die Seitenflächen der Vertiefung einerseits und die dazwischen befindlichen Materialstege andererseits einwirken, dass die in den Vertiefungen entstehende Temperatur der an der Stegoberfläche entstehenden Temperatur annähernd gleich ist. Diese Ausgestaltung der Brennerplatte stellt die heute standardmäßig genutzte Ausführungsform der Brennerplatte dar.Burner plates for infrared radiators are generally known in the art. So revealed the DE 21 63 498 a burner plate for infrared radiator with mounted on the radiation side wells and with for supplying the fuel-air mixture from the mixture side of the plate to the emission side extending, mutually parallel combustion channels, of which at least one concentrically arranged in the bottom of the recess and others on the Side of the recess and are distributed to the surfaces located between the wells, which is characterized in that the combustion channels are distributed over the recesses and the material webs therebetween such that the resulting flames so evenly on the side surfaces of the recess on the one hand and the intervening On the other hand material webs act, that the resulting temperature in the wells of the web surface resulting temperature is approximately equal. This embodiment of the burner plate represents the standard today used embodiment of the burner plate.

Die DE 94 02 556 U1 offenbart eine keramische Gasbrennerplatte, welche in konventioneller Weise aus Cordierit besteht. Sie kann synthetisch aus Ton bzw. Lehm, Steatit und Aluminiumoxid bzw. Tonerde als Magnesiumaluminiumsilikat hergestellt werden.The DE 94 02 556 U1 discloses a ceramic gas burner plate which is conventionally made of cordierite. It can be produced synthetically from clay, steatite and alumina or alumina as magnesium aluminum silicate become.

Die deutsche Patentanmeldung DE 44 45 426 A1 offenbart einen Strahlungsbrenner mit einer gasdurchlässigen Brennerplatte, wobei die Brennerplatte in den gasdurchlässigen Bereichen aus Faserwerkstoffen, wie beispielsweise Siliciumcarbidfasern, bestehen kann, wohingegen die gasundurchlässigen Bereiche aus auf Aluminiumoxid oder Cordierit basierenden Keramiken gebildet werden.The German patent application DE 44 45 426 A1 discloses a radiant burner with a gas-permeable burner plate, which burner plate may be made of fiber materials such as silicon carbide fibers in the gas-permeable regions, whereas the gas-impermeable regions are formed of alumina or cordierite-based ceramics.

Auch die DE 40 41 061 A1 offenbart eine Brennerplatte. Die hier offenbarte Brennerplatte ist insbesondere für Flachbrenner geeignet und beruht auf einer Aluminium-Titanat-Keramik. Insbesondere wird eine Al2TiO5 - Keramik als geeignet für die Herstellung entsprechender Brennerplatten offenbart.Also the DE 40 41 061 A1 discloses a burner plate. The burner plate disclosed here is particularly suitable for flat burners and is based on an aluminum titanate ceramic. In particular, an Al 2 TiO 5 ceramic is disclosed as being suitable for the production of corresponding burner plates.

Die DE 91 16 829 offenbart eine Brennerplatte für Strahlungsbrenner, welche zum überwiegenden Anteil aus Aluminiumoxid besteht.The DE 91 16 829 discloses a burner plate for radiant burners, which consists predominantly of alumina.

Die zur Herstellung der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Brennerplatten eingesetzten Aluminiumsilikate besitzen eine relativ niedrige Brenntemperatur von maximal 1000° C, was im Bereich der Arbeitstemperatur der Infrarotstrahler liegt. Dies führt zu einer starken Belastung der Brennerplatten.The aluminum silicates used to produce the burner plates known from the prior art have a relatively low firing temperature of at most 1000 ° C., which is in the range of the operating temperature of the infrared radiators. This leads to a heavy load on the burner plates.

Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Magnesiumsilikate wie Cordierit haben zwar eine deutlich höhere Brenntemperatur von 1300° C, jedoch müssen diese entweder aus gemahlenen und gemischten Rohstoffen bei hohen Temperaturen gebrannt werden oder vorgebrannte Massen müssen vermahlen, in die Brennerplatenmasse eingemischt und anschließend bei niedriger Temperatur fertiggebrannt werden. Dies führt neben einer höheren Belastung des Materials zu deutlich höherem Aufwand bei der Herstellung der Brennerplatten.Although known from the prior art magnesium silicates such as cordierite have a significantly higher firing temperature of 1300 ° C, but these must either be fired from ground and mixed raw materials at high temperatures or burned masses must be ground, mixed into the burner plate mass and then at low temperature finished burned. In addition to a higher load on the material, this leads to a significantly higher outlay in the production of the burner plates.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt unter Berücksichtigung des Standes der Technik die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine hinsichtlich ihres Materials verbesserte keramische Brennerplatte anzugeben.Taking into account the prior art, the object of the present invention is to specify a ceramic burner plate which is improved with respect to its material.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine keramische Brennerplatte für Infrarotstrahler, welche dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Brennerplatte einen Lithiumoxid-Gehalt zwischen 0,63 Gew.-% und 7,6 Gew.-% aufweist.This object is achieved by a ceramic burner plate for infrared radiators, which is characterized in that the burner plate has a lithium oxide content of between 0.63 wt .-% and 7.6 wt .-%.

Ein Lithiumoxid-Gehalt im Bereich zwischen 0,63 Gew.-% und 7,6 Gew.-% entspricht einem Gehalt an Lithium-Silikat in der Keramikmasse zur Herstellung der Brennerplatte von 15 % bei einem angenommenen Lithiumoxid-Gehalt im Lithium-Silikat von 4,2 % bzw. 100 % eines Lithium-Silikats mit einem angenommenen Lithiumoxid-Gehalt von 7,6 Gew.-%.A lithium oxide content in the range between 0.63 wt .-% and 7.6 wt .-% corresponds to a content of lithium silicate in the ceramic composition for the production of the burner plate of 15% assuming a lithium oxide content in the lithium silicate of 4.2% and 100% of a lithium silicate with an assumed lithium oxide content of 7.6 wt .-%.

Erfindungsgemäß können natürlich vorkommende Lithiumsilikate wie beispielsweise Silikate vom Feldspat-Typ Petalit der allgemeinen Formel Li2O*Al2O3* 8SiO2 oder Spodumen der allgemeinen Formel Li2O*Al2O3*4SiO2. Darüber hinaus können erfindungsgemäß Lithiumminerale wie Lepidolith oder auch synthetische Lithiumcarbonate eingesetzt werden.According to the invention occurring lithium silicates such as silicates of the feldspar-type petalite the general formula Li 2 O * Al 2 O 3 * 2, or spodumene 8SiO the general formula Li 2 O * Al 2 O 3 4SiO 2 * can of course. In addition, according to the invention lithium minerals such as lepidolite or synthetic lithium carbonates can be used.

Neben dem oben genannten Gehalt an Lithiumoxid können die erfindungsgemäßen Brennerplatten als weitere Bestandteile wenigstens ein Oxid der Gruppe bestehend aus Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, TiO2, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, Mn3O4, Cr2O3, P2O5 oder ZrO2 aufweisen.In addition to the above-mentioned content of lithium oxide, the burner plates according to the invention may contain as further constituents at least one oxide of the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , CaO, MgO, K 2 O, Na 2 O, Mn 3 O 4 , Cr 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 or ZrO 2 .

Die erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatten können die genannten Oxide in den in der nachfolgenden Tabelle 1 genannten Mengen aufweisen. Tabelle 1 Al2O3 22,0-35,0 % SiO2 55,0-70,0 % Fe2O3 0,00-8,00 % TiO2 0,00-4,00 % CaO 0,00-4,00 % MgO 0,00-10,0 % K2O 0,00-2,00 % Na2O 0,00-2,00 % Mn3O4 0,00-8,00 % Cr2O3 0,00-2,00 % P2O3 0,00-1,00 % ZrO2 0,00-5,00 % Li2O 1,00-7,60 % The ceramic burner plates according to the invention can have the abovementioned oxides in the amounts stated in Table 1 below. Table 1 Al 2 O 3 22.0-35.0% SiO 2 55.0-70.0% Fe 2 O 3 0,00-8,00% TiO 2 0,00-4,00% CaO 0,00-4,00% MgO 0,00-10,0% K 2 O 0,00-2,00% Na 2 O 0,00-2,00% Mn 3 O 4 0,00-8,00% Cr 2 O 3 0,00-2,00% P 2 O 3 0.00-1.00% ZrO 2 0.00-5.00% Li 2 O 1,00-7,60%

Vorteilhafter Weise werden diese Oxide dem Material zur Herstellung der keramischen Brennerplatte in Form geeigneter Mineralien zugegeben.Advantageously, these oxides are added to the material for producing the ceramic burner plate in the form of suitable minerals.

Hierbei können erfindungsgemäß Bindetone mit einem hohen plastischen Tonmineralgehalt und einem hohen Al2O3-Gehalt verwendet werden. Bevorzugt werden Bindetone mit einem Al2O3-Gehalt > 30 Gew.-% verwendet.Bindetones with a high plastic clay mineral content and a high Al 2 O 3 content can be used according to the invention. Bindetones with an Al 2 O 3 content> 30% by weight are preferably used.

Vorteilhafter Weise werden erfindungsgemäß Bindetone mit einem geringen Alkaligehalt< 1,5 Gew.-% eingsetzt.Bindetones having a low alkali content <1.5% by weight are advantageously used in accordance with the invention.

Der Anteil an freiem Quarz in den vorteilhaft verwendeten Bindetonen beträgt < 8 Gew.-%. Darüber hinaus können erfindungsgemäß Magnesiumsilikate dem Material zur Herstellung der keramischen Brennerplatte zugegeben werden.The proportion of free quartz in the advantageously used binding clays is <8 wt .-%. In addition, according to the invention, magnesium silicates can be added to the material for producing the ceramic burner plate.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung wird dem Material zur Herstellung der keramischen Brennerplatte eine Mischung der zuvor genannten oxidhaltigen Materialien zugegeben.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a mixture of the aforementioned oxide-containing materials is added to the material for producing the ceramic burner plate.

Die erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatten zeigen eine Dauerbelastbarkeit bei Temperaturen > 1100° C. Darüber hinaus sind die erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatten nicht wie die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Platten spröde, sondern weich, was deren Bearbeitung deutlich vereinfacht.The ceramic burner plates according to the invention exhibit a continuous capacity at temperatures> 1100 ° C. In addition, the ceramic burner plates according to the invention are not brittle like the plates known from the prior art, but soft, which significantly simplifies their processing.

In vorteilhafter Weise zeigen die erfindungsgemäßen Brennerplatten eine äußerst geringe Wärmeexpansion, was deren mechanische Belastung verringert und darüber hinaus die sichere Bindung der Platten bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen an Trägersysteme vereinfacht. Die erfindungsgemäßen Platten zeigen eine hohe Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit und sind äußerst langlebig.Advantageously, the burner plates according to the invention exhibit an extremely low thermal expansion, which reduces their mechanical load and, moreover, simplifies the secure bonding of the plates at different temperatures to carrier systems. The plates of the invention show a high thermal shock resistance and are extremely durable.

Die mechanische Härte der erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatten lässt sich über die Brenntemperatur in relativ großen Bereichen steuern.The mechanical hardness of the ceramic burner plates according to the invention can be controlled via the firing temperature in relatively large areas.

Die erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatten zeigen beispielsweise bei einer Brenntemperatur ≥ 1025° C eine Standard-Bruchfestigkeit von 16 - 18 kg. Eine Erhöhung der Brenntemperatur steigert die Bruchfestigkeit. So zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße keramische Brennerplatte beispielsweise bei einer Brenntemperatur von 1100°C eine Standard-Bruchfestigkeit von bis zu 22 kg. Durch Erhöhung der Brenntemperatur kann die Bruchfestigkeit weiter bis auf deutlich über 24 kg gesteigert werden.The ceramic burner plates according to the invention show, for example, at a firing temperature ≥ 1025 ° C, a standard breaking strength of 16 - 18 kg. An increase in the firing temperature increases the breaking strength. Thus, a ceramic burner plate according to the invention, for example, at a firing temperature of 1100 ° C, a standard breaking strength of up to 22 kg. By increasing the firing temperature, the breaking strength can be further increased to well over 24 kg.

Darüber hinaus werden für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatten keine vorgebrannten Rohstoffe benötigt, was zu deutlichen ökonomischen Vorteilen bei der Herstellung der Platten führt.In addition, no prefired raw materials are required for the production of the ceramic burner plates according to the invention, which leads to significant economic advantages in the production of the plates.

Die nachfolgenden Beispiele stehen exemplarisch für die erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatten, ohne dass sich die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Idee jedoch auf diese Ausführungsbeispiele beschränken lässt.The following examples are exemplary of the ceramic burner plates according to the invention, but without the idea underlying the invention can be limited to these embodiments.

Beispiel 1example 1

Eine erfindungsgemäße keramische Brennerplatte mit einem Raumgewicht von 1,2 g/cm3 und einer Porosität von 54 % zeigt die nachfolgende Zusammensetzung. Keramikplatte Al2O3 26,17 SiO2 65,89 Fe2O3 1,36 TiO2 1,05 CaO 0,47 MgO 4,00 K2O 0,66 Na2O 0,29 Mn3O4 0,03 Cr2O3 < 0,01 P2O5 0,08 ZrO2 < 0,01 Li2O-getrocknete Probe 1,49 AAS Gewichtsänderung d. Glühen (1025° C) -0,03 A ceramic burner plate according to the invention with a density of 1.2 g / cm 3 and a porosity of 54% shows the following composition. ceramic plate Al 2 O 3 26,17 SiO 2 65.89 Fe 2 O 3 1.36 TiO 2 1.05 CaO 0.47 MgO 4.00 K 2 O 0.66 Na 2 O 0.29 Mn 3 O 4 0.03 Cr 2 O 3 <0.01 P 2 O 5 0.08 ZrO 2 <0.01 Li 2 O-dried sample 1.49 AAS Weight change d. Annealing (1025 ° C) -0.03

Die Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit TWB (1-3) der erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Brennerplatte lag bei 1, wobei die Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit mittels eines Abschreckungstest bestimmt wird.The thermal shock resistance TWB (1-3) of the ceramic burner plate according to the invention was 1, wherein the thermal shock resistance is determined by means of a quenching test.

Eine TWB-Wert von 1 korreliert dabei mit einer Temperaturdehnung der Keramikplatte von ca. 0,2 bei 950°C.A TWB value of 1 correlates with a thermal expansion of the ceramic plate of about 0.2 at 950 ° C.

Claims (2)

Keramische Brennerplatte für Infrarotstrahler,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Brennerplatte einen Lithiumoxid-Gehalt zwischen 0,63 Gew.-% und 7,6 Gew.-% aufweist.Ceramic burner plate for infrared radiators,
characterized,
that the burner plate has a lithium content between 0.63 wt .-% and 7.6 wt .-%. Keramische Brennerplatte nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Brennerplatte als weitere Bestandteile wenigstens ein Oxid der Gruppe bestehend aus Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, TiO2, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, Mn3O4, Cr2O3, P2O5 oder ZrO2 aufweist.Ceramic burner plate according to claim 1, wherein the burner plate as further constituents at least one oxide of the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , CaO, MgO, K 2 O, Na 2 O, Mn 3 O. 4 , Cr 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 or ZrO 2 .
EP07013787A 2007-07-13 2007-07-13 Ceramic burner plate Withdrawn EP2014980A1 (en)

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EP07013787A EP2014980A1 (en) 2007-07-13 2007-07-13 Ceramic burner plate
CA002637506A CA2637506A1 (en) 2007-07-13 2008-07-11 Ceramic burner plate
JP2008181487A JP2009018988A (en) 2007-07-13 2008-07-11 Ceramic burner plate
US12/171,374 US20090029306A1 (en) 2007-07-13 2008-07-11 Ceramic Burner Plate
CNA2008101379823A CN101413665A (en) 2007-07-13 2008-07-14 Ceramic burner plate

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EP4194750A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Schwank GmbH Dark radiator
EP4194755A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Schwank GmbH Infrared radiator
EP4194752A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Schwank GmbH Light radiator
DE102021132684A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Schwank Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung infrared heater
DE102021132657A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Schwank Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung light radiator
DE102021132659A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Schwank Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung tube heater
CN119468201A (en) * 2023-08-11 2025-02-18 华帝股份有限公司 Honeycomb

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KR101114687B1 (en) 2010-11-26 2012-02-28 김봉찬 Pulverizer using Ceramic panel of the Ceramic Unit
KR101114627B1 (en) 2010-11-26 2012-02-28 김봉찬 Ceramic Lining and Air Separator Tank including the Ceramic Lining
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EP4194750A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Schwank GmbH Dark radiator
EP4194755A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Schwank GmbH Infrared radiator
EP4194752A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-14 Schwank GmbH Light radiator
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DE102021132684A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Schwank Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung infrared heater
DE102021132657A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Schwank Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung light radiator
DE102021132659A1 (en) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Schwank Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung tube heater
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CN101413665A (en) 2009-04-22
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US20090029306A1 (en) 2009-01-29

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