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EP2053198A1 - Corps à pointe - Google Patents

Corps à pointe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2053198A1
EP2053198A1 EP07254182A EP07254182A EP2053198A1 EP 2053198 A1 EP2053198 A1 EP 2053198A1 EP 07254182 A EP07254182 A EP 07254182A EP 07254182 A EP07254182 A EP 07254182A EP 2053198 A1 EP2053198 A1 EP 2053198A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pick body
body according
substrate
layer
superhard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07254182A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Cornelis Roelof Jonker
Robert Fries
Karl Georg Hidebrand
Bernd Heinrich Ries
Frank Friedrich Lachmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Element Six GmbH
Element Six Production Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Element Six GmbH
Element Six Production Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Element Six GmbH, Element Six Production Pty Ltd filed Critical Element Six GmbH
Priority to EP07254182A priority Critical patent/EP2053198A1/fr
Priority to PCT/IB2008/054331 priority patent/WO2009053903A2/fr
Publication of EP2053198A1 publication Critical patent/EP2053198A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1835—Chemical composition or specific material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1837—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to picks comprising a shank, a substrate and an impact resistant tip bonded to the substrate and exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use.
  • the invention further relates to high impact resistant tools including such picks, and to use of such tools in methods of formation degradation.
  • Picks are used as cutting tools in machinery for formation degradation applications such as the mining of coal, the tunneling through of rock, surface mining and in road surfacing, road milling and trenching.
  • the term "pick” typically means a pointed or chisel shaped rock cutting tool which cuts rock by penetrating and scraping along the surface of the rock, asphalt or concrete.
  • Picks typically consist of a steel shank with a tapered front end with a pointed tungsten carbide-cobalt tool forming the cutting tip.
  • An array of picks is typically mounted onto a rotating barrel or drum or mining machine which engages the picks with the material to be removed.
  • Picks are generally axi-symmetric and mounted such that they themselves can rotate around their own axis.
  • Pick rotation is typically facilitated by mounting the pick into a cylindrical aperture of a mounting block which in turn is permanently attached to the drum or mining machine. Load is transmitted onto the tool via an annular flange which mates with the planar front surface of the mounting block.
  • the picks engage the working surface of the material to be removed they are subject to a range of wear modes which include severe impact and loading in various directions often resulting in bending moments, as well as severe abrasive and thermal wear due to the removed material being hard, inhomogeneous and abrasive and scraping continuously along the tip and body of the pick.
  • the severe and rapid wear of the carbide tip and pick body is the prime reason for introducing rotating picks.
  • the rotational action allows the tip and pick body to wear symmetrically around the axis and a degree of self sharpening is induced. As a result undermining and one-sided wear are avoided. This increases the overall lifetime of the pick avoiding premature failure through breakage or bluntening of the tip to a point where no further cutting action is achieved.
  • PCD polycrystalline diamond
  • Such supported abrasive compacts are known in the art as composite diamond abrasive compacts.
  • Composite diamond abrasive compacts may be used as such in a working surface of an abrasive tool.
  • PCBN Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
  • a cubic boron nitride abrasive compact is another superhard abrasive material which can, in use, be bonded to a substrate such as a cemented carbide substrate.
  • Abrasive compacts bonded to a cemented carbide substrate made at HPHT conditions are brought into or close to an equilibrium state at those conditions. Bringing the compacts to conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure induces large stresses in the abrasive compact due to the different thermal and mechanical/elastic properties of the abrasive layer and the substrate. The combined effect is to place the abrasive layer in a highly stressed state. Finite element analysis shows that the abrasive layer may be in tension in some regions whilst being in compression elsewhere. The nature of the stresses is a complex interaction of the conditions of manufacture, the nature of the materials of the abrasive layer and the substrate, and the nature of the interface between the abrasive layer and the substrate, amongst others.
  • a stressed abrasive compact In service, such a stressed abrasive compact is predisposed to premature failure by spalling, delamination and other mechanisms. That is to say, the abrasive compact fails prematurely due to separation and loss of all or part of the abrasive layer from the cutting surface of the abrasive compact, and the higher the residual stresses, the greater is the probability of premature failure.
  • Another method applied in attempting to solve the problem of a highly stressed composite abrasive compact is to provide one or more interlayers of a different material with properties, particularly thermal and mechanical/elastic properties, intermediate between the properties of the substrate and the abrasive layer.
  • the purpose of such interlayers is to accommodate some of the stresses in the interlayers and thereby reduce the residual stresses in the abrasive layer.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,469,927 teaches that the combination of a non-planar interface and transition layers may be used.
  • this patent describes the use of a transition layer of milled polycrystalline diamond with tungsten carbide in the form of both particles of tungsten carbide alone and precemented tungsten carbide particles.
  • tungsten metal to be mixed into the transition layer to enable excess metal to react to form tungsten carbide in situ.
  • a pick body comprising a shank, a substrate and an impact resistant tip bonded to the substrate and exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use, the impact resistant tip having an exposed layer of superhard material selected from PCD, PCBN, single crystal diamond and cBN composite materials, wherein the impact resistant tip is of conical, frustoconical, ballistic, hemispherical, chisel or wedge shaped including a rounded top and wherein a thickness of the layer of superhard material is from about 0.05mm to about 2.3mm from an apex of the tip of the conical, frustoconical, ballistic, hemispherical, chisel or wedge shape to the substrate.
  • the superhard material may be selected from polycrystalline diamond (PCD), vapour deposited diamond, natural diamond, cubic boron nitride, infiltrated diamond, layered diamond, diamond impregnated carbide, diamond impregnated matrix, silicon bonded diamond or combinations thereof.
  • PCD polycrystalline diamond
  • vapour deposited diamond natural diamond
  • cubic boron nitride infiltrated diamond
  • layered diamond diamond impregnated carbide
  • diamond impregnated matrix silicon bonded diamond or combinations thereof.
  • the shank of the pick body is preferably adapted to be received non-rotatably in use in a tool holder or mounting block.
  • the pick body may include a base with the shank extending from the base wherein the shank is threaded to engage with corresponding threading in a mounting block or tool holder bore.
  • the shank may be eccentric with respect to the base, preferably in the forward direction.
  • the pick body is receivable in the tool holder or mounting block by brazing, press fit, adhesive or other means of attachment known in the art.
  • the superhard material is PCD.
  • the PCD may comprise an impact resistant grade of diamond with an average grain size range greater than 10 um.
  • the grain size is preferably less than 30 um.
  • the superhard layer preferably includes an average cobalt content greater than 15 % by weight.
  • the cobalt content is preferably less than 20 wt.%.
  • Other material which may be included in the superhard layer and/or substrate include iron, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, chromium, manganese, tantalum or combinations thereof.
  • the superhard layer may be constructed from multimodal diamond.
  • the pick body includes a front end located between the tip and the shank, the front end having a wear resistant surface comprising high quality steel, hardened steel and/or hard metal.
  • the front end may be coated with or include a hard-facing, or other abrasion resistant coated or treated portion.
  • the rounded top of the superhard layer has a radius greater than 0.5 mm.
  • the top of the superhard layer is preferably conical or ballistic shaped with the half cone angle not exceeding 60 degrees.
  • the superhard layer is at least 1 mm thick in all working directions over a central working surface comprising the inner 1 ⁇ 2 of the working surface diameter of the substrate.
  • the layer over the central working surface is PCD, is between 1 and 2.3 mm thick in all working directions and tapers off towards the outer diameter of the tip.
  • the substrate is preferably a cemented carbide substrate such as cemented tungsten carbide, cemented tantalum carbide, cemented titanium carbide, cemented molybdenum carbide or a mixture thereof.
  • the cemented carbide substrate may contain particles of a grain inhibiting agent such as titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, vanadium carbide or a mixture thereof.
  • the binder metal for such cemented carbide may be any known in the art such as nickel, cobalt, iron or an alloy containing one or more of these metals. Typically the binder will be present in an amount of 6 to 20% by mass. Some of the binder metal may infiltrate the abrasive compact during High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) treatment. A shim or layer of binder may be used for this purpose.
  • the residual stresses induced in the tip may be minimised providing a graduated change in thermal expansion from the substrate to the outer or working region of the abrasive compact layer (tip).
  • thermal expansion may be achieved by the introduction of a number of intermediate regions or layers between the outer abrasive region or layer and the substrate, each region or layer having a thermal expansion such that there is a graduated change in thermal expansion from the outer region or layer to the substrate.
  • the control of thermal expansion may be achieved by admixing one or more types of refractory particles of low thermal expansion with superhard abrasive particles, and adjusting the relative proportions of superhard abrasive particles and refractory particles to achieve the desired thermal expansion.
  • a metal or alloy may be present in each or some of the regions.
  • the amount relative to the amount of superhard abrasive particle and refractory particle may be adjusted to achieve the desired graduated thermal expansion.
  • suitable refractory particles with low thermal expansion are carbides, oxides and nitrides of silicon, hafnium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium and niobium, an oxide and nitride of aluminium, cubic boron nitride, and carbides of tungsten, tantalum and molybdenum.
  • Tungsten carbide is a particularly suitable refractory particle.
  • suitable metals and alloys are nickel, cobalt, iron or an alloy containing one or more of these metals.
  • the metal or alloy is the same as the metal or alloy present in the cemented carbide substrate.
  • the proportion of superhard abrasive particles is generally in the range 20 to 80 volume per cent of the region and the proportion of refractory particles is generally in the range 80 to 70 volume per cent of the region.
  • the metal binder when used, is generally present in the amount of about 8 to 12 volume per cent of the total volume of the particles. In one embodiment of the present invention, the proportion of superhard particles is about 25 volume per cent, the proportion of refractory particles is about 75 volume per cent, and the metal binder about 10 volume per cent. It will be appreciated, however, that if there is only a single interlayer, a 50/50 mix of carbide and diamond by volume may be selected. In the event there are three interlayers present, the first interlayer, closest to the substrate, preferably contains 25 vol% diamond and the two subsequent interlayers 50 and 75 vol.% respectively.
  • the superhard abrasive particles are generally in the particle size range 5 to 100 microns, and preferably in the size range 15 to 30 microns.
  • the superhard particles are characterised by containing at least three, and preferably four, different particle sizes.
  • the proportion of metal binder is about 2 per cent of the volume of superhard abrasive particles.
  • an example of the composition by average particle size is : Average particle size Per cent by mass greater than 10 microns at least 20 between 5 and 10 microns at least 15 less than 5 microns at least 15
  • average particle size means that a major amount of the particles by mass will be close to the specified size although there will be some particles larger and some particles smaller than the specified size.
  • the average particle size is stated as 20 microns, there will be some particles that are larger and some particles that are smaller than 20 microns, but the major amount of the particles will be at approximately 20 microns in size and a peak in the size distribution by mass of particles will be at 20 microns.
  • percent by mass means that the percentages are the percentages by mass of the entire abrasive particle mass.
  • a specific particle size composition containing three particle sizes which is useful for the superhard layer is: Average particle size Per cent by mass 12 microns 25 8 microns 25 4 microns 50
  • an example of the composition by average particle size is: Average particle size Per cent by mass 25 to 50 microns 25 to 70 15 to 24 microns 15 to 30 8 to 14 microns 5 to 45 less than 8 microns minimum 5
  • a specific particle size composition containing four particle sizes which is useful for the superhard layer is: Average particle size Per cent by mass 30 microns 65 22 microns 20 12 microns 10 4 microns 5
  • a specific composition containing five particle sizes which is useful for the superhard layer is: Average particle size Per cent by mass 22 microns 28 12 microns 44 6 microns 7 4 microns 16 2 microns 5
  • the binder metal powder when present, will generally have a particle size of less than 10 microns, and preferably will be about 3 microns.
  • the substrate has a hardness of at least 1000 Hv, preferably at least 1100Hv, more preferably at least 1200Hv, most preferably at least 1300Hv.
  • the hardness is preferably less than 2500Hv, more preferably less than 2400Hv, more preferably less than 2300Hv, most preferably less than 2200Hv.
  • the pick contains 8% Co, 2-3 um average grain size, 1400-1500 Hv
  • the pick body includes at least one interlayer between the superhard layer and the substrate which interlayer has a thermal expansion coefficient and Young's modulus between those of the superhard layer and the substrate. The effect of this is to reduce peak mismatch stress between the superhard layer and the substrate.
  • a pick body may therefore include one or more composite interlayers of intermediate thermo-mechanical properties as hereinbefore described.
  • the superhard layer may be PCD and the substrate of high compressive strength and matched thermo-elastic properties to the PCD layer.
  • the term 'high compressive strength is defined to include compressive strengths of greater than 2000 N/mm 2 , preferably greater than 2200 N/mm 2 , more preferably greater than 2400 N/mm 2 , more preferably greater than 2600 N/mm 2 , more preferably greater than 2800 N/mm 2 , most preferably greater than 3000 N/mm 2 and less than 6000 N/mm 2 , preferably less than 58000 N/mm 2 , more preferably less than 5600 N/mm 2 , more preferably less than 5400 N/mm 2 , more preferably less than 5200 N/mm 2 , most preferably less than 5000 N/mm 2 .
  • Examples of preferred compressive strength are between 4500 ⁇ 200 N/mm 2 and 3600 ⁇ 200 N/mm 2 .
  • the substrate is preferably a carbide, most preferably a metal carbide substrate.
  • the substrate may comprise 6 - 10 % by weight cobalt.
  • the carbide substrate may further comprise tungsten, titanium, tantalum, molybdenum, niobum, cobalt and/or combinations thereof, as hereinbefore described.
  • the superhard layer is bonded to the substrate via a non-planar interface.
  • the interlayer(s) may be bonded to the substrate via a planar or non-planar interface.
  • a high impact resistant tool comprising a pick body as hereinbefore described, preferably non-rotatably mounted in a tool holder or mounting block.
  • the high impact resistant tool may be mounted on a rotatable drum or barrel.
  • a method of formation degradation including the step of engaging a pick body as hereinbefore described with the formation to degrade the formation.
  • a more abrasion resistant grade of PCD is included as the superhard layer.
  • overall wear resistance is the same but with reduced thickness.
  • this is matched with a WC substrate of slightly higher cobalt (Co) content achieving a new local optimum in minimising residual stresses between substrate and more wear resistant, thinner PCD layer.
  • a tip 100 of a pick body includes a carbide substrate 101, an interlayer 102 and a layer of superhard material 103 in a ballistic shape including a rounded top.
  • a thickness (a) of the layer of superhard material 103 is from 0.05mm to 2.3mm from an apex of the tip of the ballistic shape to the substrate 101.
  • the rounded top of the superhard layer 103 has a radius R greater than 0.5 mm.
  • the top of the superhard layer 103 has a half cone angle ( ⁇ ) not exceeding 60 degrees.
  • the superhard layer 103 over a central working surface comprising the inner 1 ⁇ 2 (y) of the working surface diameter (y + 2x (where 2x y)) of the tip, is at least 1 mm thick (b) in all working directions being 45 degrees off the central axis of the ballistic.
  • the central working surface tapers off towards the outer diameter of the tip.
  • Figure 2 illustrates impact and abrasion resistant tips including at least one interlayer according to the present invention.
  • a pick assembly 300 including a pick body 301 according to the present invention, a tool holder 302 and a mounting block 303.
  • the pick body 301 includes a tip 304 including a layer of superhard material exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use (not shown).
  • the tool holder includes a base 302A and a shank 302B extending from the base 302A, the shank 302B being eccentric with respect to the base 302A in the forward direction.
  • the pick body 301 and tool holder 302 are fixedly held in the mounting block 303 such that rotation of the pick body 301 and/or tool holder 302 is not permitted in use.
  • the pick assembly 300 is adapted to be attached to a rotating drum or barrel (not shown).
  • a pick assembly 400 including a pick body 401 according to the present invention and a mounting block 402.
  • the pick body 401 includes a tip 403 including a layer of superhard material exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use (not shown).
  • the pick body includes a base 401A and a shank 401 B extending from the base 401A, the shank 401 B being eccentric with respect to the base 401A in the forward direction.
  • the pick body 401 is retained in the mounting block 402 by means of a retaining means (not shown). In this arrangement, the pick body 401 is fixedly held in the mounting block 402 such that rotation of the pick body 401 is not permitted in use.
  • the pick assembly 400 is adapted to be attached to a rotating drum or barrel (not shown).
  • a pick assembly 500 including a pick body 501 according to the present invention and a mounting block 502.
  • the pick body 501 includes a tip 504 including a layer of superhard material exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use (not shown).
  • the pick body 501 includes a collar 501A and a threaded shank 501 B extending from the collar 501A, the shank 501 B being concentric with respect to the collar 501A.
  • the pick body 501 is retained in the mounting block 502 by means of the threaded shank 501 B engaging with complementary threading in the mounting block (not shown).
  • a retaining means 505 is accommodated within a mounting block bore. In this arrangement, the pick body 501 is fixedly held in the mounting block 502 such that rotation of the pick body 501 is not permitted in use.
  • the pick assembly 500 is adapted to be attached to a rotating drum or barrel (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP07254182A 2007-10-22 2007-10-22 Corps à pointe Withdrawn EP2053198A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07254182A EP2053198A1 (fr) 2007-10-22 2007-10-22 Corps à pointe
PCT/IB2008/054331 WO2009053903A2 (fr) 2007-10-22 2008-10-21 Corps de pic de haveuse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07254182A EP2053198A1 (fr) 2007-10-22 2007-10-22 Corps à pointe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2053198A1 true EP2053198A1 (fr) 2009-04-29

Family

ID=39469423

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07254182A Withdrawn EP2053198A1 (fr) 2007-10-22 2007-10-22 Corps à pointe

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2053198A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009053903A2 (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010129978A3 (fr) * 2009-05-14 2011-05-05 Sandvik Mining And Construction G.M.B.H. Dispositif de coupe pour une machine d'extraction minière
GB2490793A (en) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-14 Element Six Abrasives Sa PCD tip for a pick used in a mining tool
WO2013112188A3 (fr) * 2011-07-06 2013-10-10 Hall David R Ensemble de saisie doté d'une région dorsale contiguë
WO2013064433A3 (fr) * 2011-10-31 2013-12-19 Element Six Abrasives S.A. Pointe pour un outil de pic, son procédé de réalisation et outil de pic la comprenant
RU2510458C2 (ru) * 2012-05-11 2014-03-27 Наиль Ирхужинович Саитов Шнековый исполнительный орган
WO2014049010A3 (fr) * 2012-09-28 2014-12-18 Element Six Gmbh Outil de pic, ensemble le comprenant et procédé pour sa réalisation
WO2014049162A3 (fr) * 2012-09-28 2014-12-24 Element Six Gmbh Tête de percussion pour un marteau-piqueur, ensemble comprenant celui-ci, procédé de fabrication de celui-ci et procédé d'utilisation de celui-ci
WO2014139889A3 (fr) * 2013-03-12 2015-05-28 Element Six Abrasives S.A. Extrémité super-dure et pic la comprenant
CN104948183A (zh) * 2015-07-29 2015-09-30 桂林星钻超硬材料有限公司 高抗冲击聚晶金刚石截齿
US20150285074A1 (en) * 2014-04-02 2015-10-08 Phillip Sollami Bit/Holder with Enlarged Ballistic Tip Insert
EP2387652A4 (fr) * 2009-01-13 2016-08-17 Diamond Innovations Inc Outil radial avec surface de coupe extra-dure
US9441482B2 (en) * 2013-01-30 2016-09-13 Novatek Ip, Llc Hammer element on a degradation pick
WO2017032704A1 (fr) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-02 Element Six Gmbh Outil d'extraction asymétrique avec un rapport de forme entre les bords d'attaque et de fuite
CN106837183A (zh) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-13 湖南泰鼎新材料有限责任公司 一种异形复合超硬材料体及其制备工艺和钻头
JP2018522154A (ja) * 2015-08-06 2018-08-09 ベテック ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンディートゲゼルシャフトＢｅｔｅｋ ＧｍｂＨ ＆ Ｃｏ． ＫＧ 切削装置
JP2019065513A (ja) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-25 三菱マテリアル株式会社 掘削チップ、掘削工具、および掘削チップの製造方法
US10900293B2 (en) 2016-04-20 2021-01-26 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Drilling tip, drilling tool, and method of manufacturing drilling tip

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9028009B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2015-05-12 Element Six Gmbh Pick tool and method for making same

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JP2019065513A (ja) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-25 三菱マテリアル株式会社 掘削チップ、掘削工具、および掘削チップの製造方法

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