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EP2041031A2 - Suspensions stables de particules de tio2 cristallines obtenues à partir de progéniteurs pulvérulents sol-gel traités par hydrothermie - Google Patents

Suspensions stables de particules de tio2 cristallines obtenues à partir de progéniteurs pulvérulents sol-gel traités par hydrothermie

Info

Publication number
EP2041031A2
EP2041031A2 EP07765177A EP07765177A EP2041031A2 EP 2041031 A2 EP2041031 A2 EP 2041031A2 EP 07765177 A EP07765177 A EP 07765177A EP 07765177 A EP07765177 A EP 07765177A EP 2041031 A2 EP2041031 A2 EP 2041031A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
titanium dioxide
suspension
layers
water
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07765177A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Bockmeyer
Bettina Herbig
Peer Löbmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP2041031A2 publication Critical patent/EP2041031A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
    • C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/23—Oxides
    • C03C17/25—Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
    • C03C17/256—Coating containing TiO2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
    • C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
    • C09C1/3615—Physical treatment, e.g. grinding, treatment with ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61—Surface area
    • B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/64—Pore diameter
    • B01J35/647—2-50 nm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/22—Rheological behaviour as dispersion, e.g. viscosity, sedimentation stability
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/21—Oxides
    • C03C2217/212—TiO2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/71—Photocatalytic coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C03C2218/113—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by sol-gel processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the preparation of stable suspensions of crystalline titanium dioxide particles which are contained in finely dispersed or colloidally disperse form in the suspension.
  • the suspensions can be used both for the production of porous layers and as a starting material for the introduction of finely dispersed titanium dioxide nanoparticles into materials.
  • Crystalline colloidal disperse systems are known in the art and described, for example, in Lei Ge et al. in Key Engineering Materials, 2005, Vol. 280-283, pp. 809-812.
  • Commercially available products are, for example, "P25” from Degussa AG and "XXS 100” from Sachtleben Chemie GmbH.
  • sol-gel solutions in water eg TiCl 4 , TiOR 4
  • a production method of stable crystalline colloidal disperse TiO 2 solutions via the hydrothermal treatment of complexing agents such as acetylacetone, stabilized sol-gel precursor powders is not known.
  • amorphous sol-gel precursors are known for the production of anatase layers. These layers show a relatively low degree of porosity (5 - 20%) with the same transparency. Not uncommon must be at However, these layers can be distinguished due to a kind of enclosing sinter skin on the layer between open and closed porosity. Although the porosity of these layers can be significantly increased by using macromolecular additives such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), this type of porosity can only be attributed to cracks in the ⁇ m range in the layers and not to a defined pore structure in the nanometer range - rich. These cracks also lead to a significant reduction in the optical quality of the layers, they become opaque or cloudy.
  • PEG polyethylene glycol
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • the invention has for its object to provide a suspension for coating substrates, with which the aforementioned problems can be avoided.
  • the purpose of the suspension is to enable the production of thin, transparent, crystalline layers having a high surface area, porosity and scratch resistance, in particular on substrates such as glass, ceramics and metals.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide substrates which have photocatalytically active layers.
  • Another object is to prepare dispersions of crystalline TiO 2 particles which can be mixed with amorphous sol-gel coating materials without precipitation.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide substrates having hydrophilic layers which are said to be easy to clean and do not fog, i. have so-called “easy to clean” and “antifogging" properties.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide substrates having layers which have particle repellency properties, e.g. dust-repellent, soot-repellent.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method of coating thermally sensitive materials. Also provided are to be coatings with antimicrobial properties, as used for example in air conditioning systems in the automotive sector.
  • suspension should also serve for the coating of plastics and be useful as a starting material for introducing finely dispersed titanium dioxide particles into other materials.
  • the suspensions prepared by the process according to the invention are long-term stable, i. usable over a period of at least half a year.
  • the preparation of the colloidally disperse suspensions according to the invention takes place via the hydrothermal treatment of aqueous molecular-disperse sol-gel solutions, by which is meant the crystallization of the titanium dioxide particles from highly heated aqueous solutions (hydrothermal synthesis), i. the solution used in the process according to the invention has a temperature above the boiling point of water at normal pressure. Accordingly, the hydrothermal treatment requires the use of pressure vessels (autoclaves).
  • the precursor powder is first dissolved in an amount of ⁇ 20% by weight, based on TiO 2, in water or an aqueous solvent.
  • Suitable aqueous solvents are mixtures of water and an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of alcohols, diols, diol ethers and amines.
  • the hydrothermal treatment is usually performed at a temperature in the range of 120 - 250 0 C performed. Particularly preferred is a temperature range from 160 to 180 0 C.
  • the duration of treatment is generally 1-48 h and preferably 12-16 h.
  • the pressure automatically adjusts to about 5 bar in the temperature range specified above.
  • the product obtained after the hydrothermal treatment is taken up in a medium selected from ethanol and filtered.
  • a pressure filtration apparatus with a pore size in the range of 1 micron can be used.
  • amorphous water-soluble precursor powder is suitable for use in the inventive method, in particular a precursor powder as described in European Patent Application EP 1 045 815 A1. This is made by
  • titanium alkoxides of the general formula Ti (OR) 4 are used in which R is a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Furthermore, it is preferred if one or more radicals OR of the abovementioned formula are derived from oxoesters, .beta.-diketones, carboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids or ketoalcohols. It is particularly preferred if the radical OR is derived from acetylacetone. Examples of suitable titanium alcoholates are Ti (OEt) 4 , Ti (Oi-Pr) 4 , Ti (On-Pr) 4 and Ti (AcAc) 2 (Oi-Pr) 2 .
  • Preferred polar, complexing and chelating compounds are diketones, ⁇ -keto esters, glycol ethers, diols, polyhydric alcohols, amino alcohols, glycerol, hydroxydiols, aminothiols, dithiols, diamines or mixtures thereof.
  • diketones in particular of 1, 3-diketones, such as acetylacetone.
  • the polar complexing and chelating compound is used in an amount of 0.5 to 20 mol / mol, preferably 0.5 to 3 mol / mol, based on the titanium alkoxide used.
  • the resulting solution is heated to a temperature in the range of from room temperature to the boiling point of the solvent, preferably 80 to 100 ° C. over a period of up to 24 hours, preferably over a period of 0, 5 to 2 hours, heated.
  • the solution is mixed with an amount of 0.5 to 20, preferably 1 to 5 moles of H 2 O per mole of titanium alcoholate, optionally in the presence of a catalyst (H 3 O + , OH " ) or diluted inorganic or organic acids or alkalis , such as HNO 3 , HCl, p-toluenesulfonic acid, carboxylic acid.
  • a catalyst H 3 O + , OH "
  • diluted inorganic or organic acids or alkalis such as HNO 3 , HCl, p-toluenesulfonic acid, carboxylic acid.
  • ren, NaOH or NH 3 or dilute solutions of metal salts, such as NaBF 4
  • the mixture is preferably concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • a powdery solid is obtained which has a titanium oxide content of 30 to 60 wt .-%.
  • the powder can be stored indefinitely in a closed vessel.
  • this powder can then be dissolved in water or aqueous solvents for the preparation of an aqueous molecularly dispersed sol-gel solution. This is then subjected to a hydrothermal treatment as described above.
  • the particle size or agglomerate size of the resulting colloidal disperse solutions according to the invention can be controlled by the pH, which is set during the hydrolysis for the preparation of the amorphous water-soluble precursor powder. Under the same conditions, low pH values yield smaller particle or agglomerate sizes.
  • particle size or agglomerate size is dependent on the choice and concentration of the acidic hydrolysis reagent in the pre-stage powder synthesis.
  • the ratio of titanium alcoholate to complexing agent and water also has an influence on the particle size or agglomerate size of the colloidally disperse solutions according to the invention.
  • cationic surfactants such as CTAB and neutral surfactants (block copolymers) can be added to the sol-gel solutions prepared from the amorphous water-soluble precursor powders.
  • Such surfactants may be added in an amount of ⁇ 10% by weight and do not affect the stability of the aqueous precursor powder solutions.
  • the addition of surfactants causes a micelle formation, via which a structuring of the titanium dioxide particles during the hydrothermal treatment is possible.
  • the amorphous water-soluble precursor powders used may contain dopants in an amount of ⁇ 10 mol%, based on OO 2 . The doping may be added either after the reaction of the titanium alcoholate with the polar complexing and chelating compound or the medium for the hydro-thermal treatment.
  • Suitable dopants are Fe, Mo, Ru, Os 1 Re, V, Rh, Nd, Pd, Pt, Sn, W, Sb, Ag and Co. These can in the form of their salts the synthesis approach or the medium in Stöichiomethe corresponding be added.
  • the suspensions according to the invention are obtained from titanium dioxide particles which still contain about 10 to 15% of functional organic groups which originate from the titanium alcoholates used for the synthesis of the precursor powders. These organic components decompose only at a pyrolysis temperature of about 300 0 C.
  • the suspensions prepared by the method described above, which are also the subject of the present invention, can be used both for the production of porous layers and as a starting material for the introduction of finely dispersed titanium dioxide nanoparticles into materials.
  • Porous layers are produced, for example, by immersing the substrates to be coated in the suspensions according to the invention (and subsequently drying the dip-coated substrate), with crack-free layers having layer thicknesses of 100-500 nm being obtained over the entire temperature range 100-1700 ° C.
  • the porosity of these layers (determined by Lorentz) of about 35-40% remains constant up to 600 0 C. Up to 600 0 C, the titanium dioxide is present as a pure anatase, ie there is no phase transition occurs.
  • the crystallite size (according to Debye-Scherrer) increases from 11 nm at room temperature to 16 nm at 600 ° C.
  • Such amorphous molecularly particles consist for example of " ⁇ O 2, ZrO 2, SiO 2, perovskite, pyrochlore oxide and other comparison compounds, their preparation in” Nanoparticles. From Theory to Application Edited by Günter Schmid, 2004 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ". They are added to the suspension according to the invention in amounts of 1 to 99%, so that porosities in the range of 5 to 50% residual porosity and pore radii in the range from 20 nm to 1 nm can be obtained.
  • a further advantage of the process according to the invention or of the suspension according to the invention is the fact that the starting compounds are commercially available and non-toxic.
  • the reactions take place in a single vessel, and the sol-gel precursor powder described in EP 1 045 815 A1-as it can be used in the process according to the invention-is storable indefinitely in air.
  • colloidally disperse suspensions or solutions prepared according to the invention or the mixtures of molecular disperse and colloidally disperse particles.
  • the solutions offer the advantage of being able to specifically set the microstructure such as pore volume, pore radii and inner surface of thin TiO 2 layers. As a result, in contrast to the current state of the art, they offer the possibility of being able to adapt the coating properties in a targeted manner for numerous applications.
  • miscibility with molecularly disperse amorphous sol-gel precursors not only allows microstructural properties to be adapted, but also In addition, the scratch resistance of porous TiO 2 layers can also be increased significantly, with only a slight loss of porosity at the same time.
  • coatings having antimicrobial properties e.g. Air conditioning systems in the automotive sector.
  • a 12 wt% TiO 2 sol is prepared from the previously described water-soluble titania precursor powder.
  • 109.1 g of the precursor powder (55 wt .-%) are weighed out to 390.9 g of water and then stirred vigorously for 24 h. After a clear red solution is formed, 400 g of this solution are transferred to a 500 ⁇ ml- Teflon vessel and then sealed in a metal bomb, treated for 16 h at 160 0 C hydrothermally. The resulting gel is then taken up in 400 g of ethanol and filtered by means of a pressure filtration apparatus (1 micron).
  • porous layers can now be produced by means of dip coating (drawing rate: 10 cm / min) with the 6% by weight solution according to the invention thus prepared. If the wet films are removed at 600 ° C. for ten minutes, photocatalytically active titanium dioxide layers with a porosity of ⁇ 40% and a surface area of ⁇ 70 m 2 / g can be obtained.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de préparer des suspensions stables de particules de dioxyde de titane cristallines en dispersion colloïdale finement dispersées, selon lequel il est prévu le traitement hydrothermique de solutions sol-gel aqueuses à dispersion moléculaire, obtenues à partir de progéniteurs pulvérulents amorphes solubles dans l'eau. Les suspensions ainsi obtenues peuvent s'utiliser entre autres pour produire de fines couches cristallines transparentes.
EP07765177A 2006-07-14 2007-07-11 Suspensions stables de particules de tio2 cristallines obtenues à partir de progéniteurs pulvérulents sol-gel traités par hydrothermie Withdrawn EP2041031A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006032755A DE102006032755A1 (de) 2006-07-14 2006-07-14 Stabile Suspensionen von kristallinen TiO2-Partikeln aus hydrothermal behandelten Sol-Gel-Vorstufenpulvern
PCT/EP2007/006159 WO2008006566A2 (fr) 2006-07-14 2007-07-11 Suspensions stables de particules de tio2 cristallines obtenues à partir de progéniteurs pulvérulents sol-gel traités par hydrothermie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2041031A2 true EP2041031A2 (fr) 2009-04-01

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ID=38805830

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07765177A Withdrawn EP2041031A2 (fr) 2006-07-14 2007-07-11 Suspensions stables de particules de tio2 cristallines obtenues à partir de progéniteurs pulvérulents sol-gel traités par hydrothermie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090223412A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2041031A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006032755A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008006566A2 (fr)

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DE102009018908B4 (de) 2009-04-28 2013-09-05 Schott Ag Verbundmaterial mit einer porösen Entspiegelungsschicht sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102009042159B4 (de) * 2009-09-11 2017-09-28 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Verbesserung der tribologischen Eigenschaften einer Glasoberfläche
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SI23501A (sl) 2010-10-25 2012-04-30 CINKARNA Metalurško kemiÄŤna industrija Celje, d.d. Postopek za pridobivanje nanodelcev anatasa visoke specifične površine in sferične morfologije
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