EP1924815B1 - Gas cylinder block and handgun - Google Patents

Abstract

Methods and apparatus are described for gas cylinder components for use with a firearm with a barrel. The gas cylinder component includes a reception bore for receiving the barrel. Additionally, the gas cylinder component includes a torque-proof fixture that is under pre-stressing, wherein the torque-proof fixture comprises one or more bores tangential to the barrel further including a pin to create spring pinning action. Further, the gas cylinder component includes a foresight that is rotatable around an axis, and a demountable clamping device that secures at least one position of the foresight. The gas cylinder component is under spring pre-stressing and is torque proof on the barrel. Additionally, the gas cylinder component is to lock on the barrel. Further, the engagement of the gas cylinder component on the barrel is to substantially prevent the rotation of the gas cylinder apparatus relative to an axis of the barrel. Further yet, substantially all forces that are introduced to a front of the firearm is absorbed by the gas cylinder component and introduced into the barrel.

Description

The invention relates to a self-loading rifle comprising a gas cylinder component with a receiving bore for a barrel.

Location names such as "up" or "right" refer to a handgun held in the normal firing position, that is, with the horizontal axis of the bore (axis of the barrel) and with the handle down, as seen from the shooter's position. "Front" is therefore the mouth, while the butt plate is "back". In the following also "gun" and submachine gun o. The like. Understood, especially if they are set up for use with two hands.

In connection with the invention are the DE 1 453 904 A . US Pat. No. 1,350,961 . DE 103 18 828 A1 . DE 29 32 710 A1 and GB474685 A , which forms a basis for independent claim 1, has become known.

In modern rapid-fire guns, the gas cylinder usually sits over the barrel so as not to interfere with the cartridge feeding mechanism. The line of sight is even further over the barrel, which is usually desirable so that the direction of the recoil runs exactly in the direction of the shoulder and not above it, as is the case, for example, with military rifles from the beginning of the 20th century and with hunting rifles is.

As in rapid-fire guns, such as the AK 74, the gas cylinder is usually not quite attached to the muzzle, but one wants to preserve as long as possible line of sight, sitting additionally on the mouth nor a Visierfuß. This is expensive, because the visor foot must not wobble and must also take a strong blow without moving or bending. But also gas cylinder should sit as tight and immovable on the barrel. With the gas cylinder, however, certain tolerances are possible as long as the holes in the barrel and in the gas cylinder meet, which is why one of the holes is usually chosen to be larger than the other.

In addition, a rapid-fire rifle still holds for hand protection. Often also holders for a grenade launcher addition o. The like. Provided. As far as handguards for accessories are formed approximately in the form of a Picatinny rail, and the hand guard should be at least always parallel to the axis of the soul.

When using additional, optical and / or electronic target devices, there is also the problem that their optical axis is incident on the visor, unless one selects a sighting or sighting line of sight, which is not appropriate for the shooter and therefore not used optimally can be. Although folding visors are already known to clear the visor line by folding (Swiss assault rifle 57), but these folding visors serve the Marscherleichterung and have not been successful, since they must be opened in any case before the use of the rifle and thus need extra time, if you do not want to give up the Marscherleichterung or give off an untargeted shot.

Based on this problem, the invention has the object, a gas cylinder component in such a way that the above problems are at least partially mitigated can. In particular, a reliable, but less expensive solution is desirable.

• es so in den Lauf eingreift, daß deren relative Drehung verhindert ist, bezogen auf die Seelenachse,
• es zusätzlich drehfest unter Vorspannung am Lauf gehaltert ist,
• wobei ein um eine Querachse klappbares Korn auf dem Gaszylinderbauteil vorgesehen ist, und
• eine lösbare Klemmeinrichtung den strammen Halt des klappbaren Korns zumindest in seiner aufrechten Lage gewährleistet.

The self-loading rifle according to the invention with gas cylinder component solves this problem by the features of independent claim 1. In particular, the gas cylinder component is designed such that

• it engages the barrel so that its relative rotation is prevented with respect to the axis of the soul,
• it is additionally rotatably supported under preload on the barrel,
• wherein a foldable about a transverse axis grain is provided on the gas cylinder component, and
• a releasable clamping device ensures the tight hold of the hinged grain at least in its upright position.

The gas cylinder component is not only by the additional rotationally fixed support under bias, in particular spring pins, attached to the barrel, but also engages positively in the run, such as a complementary, non-circular cross-section of receiving bore and barrel, or by an axial pin at the end the gas cylinder component, which engages in a corresponding longitudinal groove on the outside of the barrel. This pin is preferably integrally formed on the gas cylinder component. This mutual positive engagement of barrel and gas cylinder component prevents their relative rotation and is able to absorb impact forces, such as may occur when the gun falls down. This ensures that the gas cylinder component always insists in its correct position. This is true even if the cross holes for the spring pins should be inaccurate.

Furthermore, the clamping device ensures that the grain always has its tight fit, at least in the position of use, without the wear something on this Seat changes as the clamp compensates for wear.

Thus, it is possible to completely dispense with the grain base and instead form the gas cylinder component as a front force receiving element that absorbs forces and introduces into the barrel. Thus, the gas cylinder component can be used especially in weapons with plastic housing, as all the forces applied are introduced into the specially trained force on the run.

The purpose of the additional rotationally fixed support under bias is to clamp the gas cylinder component so that it can not beat loose. It is preferred to use resilient pins, which are particularly preferably designed as tangential dowel pins. These clamp the gas cylinder component not only against the non-circular location of the receiving bore, but also against each other so that an extremely firm hold is created, which is also able to absorb considerable forces, which are directed against the spring action, since the spring action is extremely strong. Spring pins of this type are, for example, slotted hollow pins made of spring steel sheet, which are pressed with oversize into the tangential holes and thereby compressed.

As regards the grain, it is preferred that it has a grain base which is pivotable about the transverse axis and on which the grain sits, and that in the underside of the grain base a movable in the longitudinal direction, down cushioned wedge is arranged engages in a transverse groove with a wedge-shaped cross-section. The transverse groove is preferably complementary to the wedge, but is so deep that the wedge can never reach the bottom of the groove. Now occurs wear and / or inaccurate manufacturing, then the wedge of his suspension pressed so deep into the groove until he is stuck in the groove. Since the transverse groove in the gas cylinder component, the wedge sits on the other hand, in the grain base, the suspension also pushes the grain base upwards, so that a radial play is suppressed in its cross bolt about the axis of the grain base is pivoted, if the cross bolt should be ausgeeiert.

The wedge could be lifted out of the transverse groove by a screwdriver or the like. However, it is preferred that the wedge carries a handle by means of which it can be lifted out of the transverse groove. Thus, the grain at any time without special means can be folded or hinged, depending on whether the grain of another target device is in the way or not. The said other aiming device can use the ideal optical axis, since this can be released by flipping the grain. If there is no other target device, the grain can use the ideal optical axis.

Furthermore, it is possible to postpone any additional devices on this rail when forming a rail on the top of the handguard, without the grain is in the way, since it can be folded down quickly.

Also, a one-piece, the barrel entirely surrounding hand guard can be used, the z. B. can be deducted after releasing a holder forward when the grain is folded.

It would be enough to just flip the grain base when it gets in the way. However, it is preferred that the gas cylinder component at the front has a further transverse groove in which the wedge is engageable when the grain base is folded. So the grain base in the folded state as tight and clean locked, as in the erected state. The particular advantage is not only that he can not appear unexpectedly in the sight line, but that he is as far as possible protected from damage and wear, because he can strike anywhere, as long as he is fixed in any position.

Preferably, the gas cylinder component has a transverse bore, which is set up to hold auxiliary devices, the hand guard or the like. Thus, the particularly secure and defined grip of the gas cylinder component is used to secure other components in a well-defined position, such as the hand guard, which can then be designed as a hand guard with a Picatinny rail on the target devices, etc. can be attached, because with the exact and always same position of the hole, the position of the hand guard is always the same. But it can also be about a tripod or a grenade launcher attached to the transverse bore.

It is also preferred that the gas cylinder component has at least one, preferably on both sides, a holder for a rifle strap or a shooting strap. Thus, forces that are introduced into the rifle at the front can be initiated without a special, force-absorbing part. This is particularly advantageous in a rifle housing made of plastic, which can absorb only limited forces.

Finally, a bayonet mount can preferably be integrally formed on the gas cylinder component. This bayonet mount is in direct connection with the barrel, in contrast to the last hundred years of weapon development, in which one always strove to fasten the bayonet just not supporting the barrel, but at best support it laterally. That's how it is Solved a question, where you attach the bayonet simple, but reliable in a rifle with plastic housing.

As already mentioned, the invention also relates to a handgun with a gas cylinder component, as described above. This handgun is preferably a rapid-fire rifle in normal or short version.

• Fig. 1 eine Teilansicht eines Schnellfeuer-Kurzgewehres im Längsschnitt,
• Fig. 2 die selbe Teilansicht im Schrägbild, und
• Fig. 3 eine Teilansicht eines anderen Schnellfeuergewehres im Schrägbild.

The object of the invention will be described in more detail in the following description of two embodiments. In the drawing shows:

• Fig. 1 a partial view of a rapid-fire short-rifle in longitudinal section,
• Fig. 2 the same partial view in the oblique picture, and
• Fig. 3 a partial view of another rapid-fire rifle in the oblique view.

The Fig. 1 and 2 show a short-speed rifle, in which the mouth 22 of the barrel 20 just before the front end of the hand guard 70 ( Fig. 2 ) and lies directly in front of the gas cylinder component 10. Mouth 22 and gas cylinder component 10 thus protrude only slightly out of the hand guard 70 to the front.

The gas cylinder component 10 is pushed from the front over the mouth 22 on the barrel 20 so that it sits on a portion 24 whose outer diameter to the inner diameter of a longitudinal bore 12 in the gas cylinder component 10 has a close transition fit or even a press fit.

At the rear end of the gas cylinder component 10, a pin 50 is integrally formed, which engages in a complementary longitudinal groove 52 which is formed at the top of the barrel 20 at the fitting portion 24 thereafter.

At the rear end of the fitting portion 24, a shoulder 26 is formed, which is annular and is interrupted only by the longitudinal groove 52. On this paragraph 26 sits the assembled gas cylinder component 10. The gas cylinder component 10 is thus held relative to the barrel 20 about the axis of its shaft 28 non-rotatably by the integrally formed pin 50 which engages in the longitudinal groove 52 in the barrel 20. In addition, two of these cutting transverse bores 14 are provided in the gas cylinder component 10 at the bottom of the barrel 20, in each of which a spring pin (not shown) is taken from the outside.

Due to the multiple over certain supports (spring pins / cross holes 14, pin 50 / longitudinal groove 52, fit of receiving bore 12 and mating portion 24, conditioning of gas cylinder component 10 to the shoulder 26), the gas cylinder component 10 is in position even when worn and when acting of unusual , external forces mounted completely rotationally. Even after repeated removal and installation, barrel 20 and gas cylinder component 10 ultimately inevitably reach their same relative position again and again.

Arranged transversely to the axis of the shaft 28 is a gas removal bore 16 passing through a part of the barrel 20 and a part of the gas cylinder component 10, which opens into a gas cylinder bore 18 which runs parallel to the axis of the soul 28 and is open to the rear.

In the gas cylinder bore 1 sits a backwardly displaceable gas piston 80, at the rear of a Gas linkage 82 is connected. To the front runs coaxially to the gas cylinder bore 18, a relief bore 84, in which a gate valve 88 is seated, which is formed on the front side of the gas piston 80 integral therewith. The gate valve 88 passes through the space left free by the gas piston 80 of the gas cylinder bore 18. The gas piston 80 carries on its back an annular collar 78, which in turn abuts against the gas cylinder component 10 when the unit of gas cylinder component 10 and gas piston 80 is at rest. Accordingly, the gas piston 80 can be inserted into the gas cylinder bore 18 only to a certain extent.

The gas sampling bore 16 opens into said, free space of the gas cylinder bore 18 a.

To the front, the relief hole 84 is closed by a gas nozzle 86, which opens at the front of the gas cylinder component 10 via the barrel 20 into the open.

When shot the projectile (not shown) has passed through the gas sampling bore 16, high-pressure discharge gases push through this into the gas cylinder bore 18, whereby the gas piston 80 is driven to the rear. The integral with the gas piston 80 gate valve 88 moves forcibly also backwards until he dives out of the relief hole 84 to the rear. At this time, the reserved space of the gas cylinder bore 18 is almost maximally expanded. Now that the discharge opening 84 opens, the gas exits forward through the gas nozzle 86 and therefore does not pollute the gas rod 82.

The gas cylinder member 10 extends, as seen in the transverse direction, around the barrel 20 and has on both sides of the barrel 20 his biggest thickness. The portion above the barrel 20 is narrower and the area from the front to almost the end of the relief bore 84 is flattened. Between the transition of the removal hole 84 in the gas nozzle 86 and the barrel 20 extends transversely a hinge bore 32. Straddling the front part of the flattened portion of the gas sampling member 10 sits a grain base 34 (see Fig. 2 ), which surrounds the flattened part of the gas cylinder component 10 with two legs 36. The hinge bore 32 in the gas cylinder member 10 continues through the lower ends of the legs 36, and a hinge pin (not shown) is inserted into this bore 32, which is stuck in the legs 36 or gas cylinder component, but in the gas cylinder member 10 or legs 36 is rotatably mounted. The front upper portion of the gas cylinder member 10 is formed so that the grain base 34 can be folded back and forth between a vertical position (shown) and a horizontal position by means of the hinge pin.

In the gas cylinder component 10, two transverse grooves 40 are introduced, which correspond to the vertical and the horizontal position of the grain base 34. The grain base 34 has a blind bore 38 which is open down between the two legs 36. In the bore sits a slide 42, and between this and the bottom of the blind bore 38 is seated a compression spring (not shown) which pushes the slider 42 down. At the bottom of the slider 42, a cross bar 44 is integrally formed or fixed. This cross bar 44 and / or the transverse grooves 40 are slightly conical and taper towards the seats of the transverse bar 44 and / or the bottom of the transverse grooves 40 out, in such a way that the compression spring, the cross bar 44 in the corresponding transverse groove 40 to the fixed system of Side walls of Quernut 40 and transverse bar 44 pushes down. However, the crest of the transverse strip 44 can never reach the bottom of the respective transverse groove 40. In the legs 36, a window 48 is formed on both sides, in each of which a handle 46 engages, which is attached to the slider 42. The slider 42 is in turn in the blind bore 38 with sliding fit, but without being able to wiggle out.

By means of the handles 46, the slider 42 can be raised; then the cross bar 44 releases its engagement with the respective transverse groove 40 and the grain base 34 can be folded with the grain 30 in the other (horizontal or vertical) position. If the slide is released at some point after leaving the one transverse groove 30, then it scrubs when turning the grain base 34 over the front, upper part of the gas cylinder component 10 and snaps into the other transverse groove 40 when they reach. The gas cylinder component 10 is designed for this purpose smooth and circular arc-shaped (with the axis of the hinge bore 42 as the central axis).

Thus, the visor, which includes the grain 30 and the grain base 34, optionally with a handle from the vertical position, which is shown, are spent in the horizontal position in which about the postponement of an accessory on a Picatinny rail 72 on the Top of the hand guard 70 is enabled, or in which the hand guard 70 can be pulled forward from the rifle.

The gas cylinder component 10 also has a lying below the barrel 20, transverse Paßbohrung 60, to the other options, such as a tripod or a carriage, a grenade launcher, an infrared headlight o. The like. Can be attached. The hand guard 70 in turn has a generously sized recess around the outer periphery of the extended fitting bore 60, so that the attachment of the attachment is not difficult.

In Fig. 3 is shown another rifle, which has a greater length and in which the barrel 20 over the gas cylinder component 10 still protrudes to a greater extent to the front. The hand protection is not shown, but can be modeled on the hand protection of the Fig. 2 be educated.

At the front end of the barrel sits a muzzle-fire damper, which not only reduces and distributes the muzzle-fire, but also the mouth 22 (in Fig. 3 not visible) protects. On the underside of the gas cylinder component 10, a retaining rail 98 is formed below the barrel 20.

The rear part of a bayonet can be seen, which has a retaining ring 92 at the level of the quillons, a handle behind the quillons and at the end of the handle a retaining groove 96 which is complementary to the retaining groove 98 of the gas cylinder component 10.

The bayonet 90 is pushed from the front with the retaining ring 92 via the muzzle fire damper 94 and with the retaining groove 96 via the retaining rail 98. There resiliently engages a slide (not shown) at the rear end of the bayonet in a (hidden by the handle of the bayonet) a transverse groove.

The gas cylinder component further has on both sides a Riemenbügelöse 62. The rest of the construction corresponds to the example of Fig. 1 and 2 , It can be seen that all forces introduced into the front part of the rifle are taken up by the gas cylinder component 10 and introduced into the barrel 20. Although the retaining ring 92 can bring transverse forces on the muzzle fire damper 94 in the barrel 20, but this happens only in exceptional cases.

Claims (8)

1. A semi-automatic rifle comprising a gas cylinder component (10) with a receiving hole (12) for a barrel (20, 24), which component is configured in such a manner that

   - it engages with form fit in the barrel (20, 24) so that their relative rotation is prevented, in relation to the longitudinal axis (22) of the barrel (20),

   - it is also mounted on the barrel (20) in rotationally fixed manner with resilient pre-stressing,

   - wherein a front sight (30, 34) that moves around a transverse axis (32) is provided on the gas cylinder component (10),

   - a detachable clamping device (40, 42, 44) guarantees the tight fit of the folding front sight (30, 34) at least in its upright position and

   - the additional rotationally fixed mounting with the pre-stressing of the gas cylinder component (10) on the barrel (20, 24) is resilient doweling,

   - wherein substantially all forces that are transmitted into the front part of the rifle are absorbed by the gas cylinder component (10) and are introduced into the barrel (20).
2. A semi-automatic rifle according to Claim 1,
   in which the resilient dowelling (14) is formed by two dowel pins touching the barrel, which are prestressed in the radial direction.
3. A semi-automatic rifle according to one of the preceding Claims,
   in which the front sight (30, 34) comprises a sight base (34), which can pivot about the transverse axis (32) and on which the front sight (30) is seated, wherein in the lower surface of the sight base (34) there is disposed a wedge (40, 42), which can move in its longitudinal direction and is downwardly spring-loaded, and which engages in a transverse groove (40) having a preferably wedge-shaped cross section.
4. A semi-automatic rifle according to Claim 3,
   in which the wedge (42, 44) bears a handle (46) by means of which it can be lifted out of the transverse groove (40).
5. A semi-automatic rifle according to Claim 3 or 4, which on the front side comprises an additional transverse groove (40) into which the wedge (42, 44) can be inserted when the sight base (34) is moved into the horizontal.
6. A semi-automatic rifle according to one of the preceding Claims,
   which comprises a cross-hole (60) that is set up to hold additional components.
7. A semi-automatic rifle according to one of the preceding Claims,
   which comprises a mount (62) for a strap and/or sling at least on the one side, preferably on both sides.
8. A semi-automatic rifle according to one of the preceding Claims,
   on which a bayonet mount (98) is preferably constructed in one piece.

Images