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EP1914350B1 - Procédée de homogeniser un sol par injections - Google Patents

Procédée de homogeniser un sol par injections Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1914350B1
EP1914350B1 EP06425705A EP06425705A EP1914350B1 EP 1914350 B1 EP1914350 B1 EP 1914350B1 EP 06425705 A EP06425705 A EP 06425705A EP 06425705 A EP06425705 A EP 06425705A EP 1914350 B1 EP1914350 B1 EP 1914350B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground
portions
homogenizing
injections
sagging
Prior art date
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EP06425705A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1914350B2 (fr
EP1914350A1 (fr
Inventor
Marco Occhi
Andrea Occhi
Daniele Gualerzi
Gianfranco Morelli
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GEOSEC Srl
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GEOSEC Srl
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Application filed by GEOSEC Srl filed Critical GEOSEC Srl
Priority to EP06425705.8A priority Critical patent/EP1914350B2/fr
Priority to ES06425705T priority patent/ES2380045T5/es
Priority to AT06425705T priority patent/ATE539200T2/de
Publication of EP1914350A1 publication Critical patent/EP1914350A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1914350B1 publication Critical patent/EP1914350B1/fr
Publication of EP1914350B2 publication Critical patent/EP1914350B2/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions

Definitions

  • This invention refers to a method for homogenizing and/or re-homogenizing the physical and chemical characteristics of foundation grounds and/or building areas in general, aimed at fighting any sagging possibly triggered by the modification of the chemical and physical characteristics of grounds that are particularly sensitive to changes in contents of water or moisture that is related to them.
  • cement compounds demand plenty of water and fluidizing agents to be injected in a liquid state at medium-high pressure values and maintenance time values that are considerably longer than those related to expanding resins, and if they are executed in silt, clay or peat grounds, they may easily dispersed in the ground they meet, mixing up with them to the extent of making it difficult to check their location and any immediate effects of the operation, and do not allow any convenient design corrections to be entered with any instrumental monitoring system, even geophysical in nature; especially if geoelectrical surveys are performed directly through the injection holes into the ground, as described in patent EP0786673 .
  • advantageous aligned series of electrodes and transmitters can be adopted directly in surfaces surrounding the sagged buildings and/or on prefabricated buildable grounds in general to be tested, without making any expensive digging works and/or drilling.
  • the latter will suit this very purpose and will therefore be different from those that are used for injections, since injection resin products, which are considerably resistive in character, once inserted into the very holes that are meant to lodge the detectors, would bar all subsequent and necessary comparison measurements from being taken, as they would isolate the electrodes.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is described in DE 4304816 A .
  • the object of this invention is to offer a method to fight the sagging of the grounds which allows the operating parameters (heights, quantity and sequence of injection cycles, characteristics of the resins and/or resin mixes, consistency of the injected resins, reaction temperatures of the injected products, water absorption capacity, and more) to be actively modified while the work is in progress, by relying extremely carefully and attentively on the direct control over the effects produced by sequential injections into targeted portions of grounds affected by sagging and by advantageously monitoring the changes in chemical and physical characteristics of the treated portions themselves by comparison with those of adjoining portions not affected by any sagging, which are taken as reference portions; this has the sole material purpose to remedy all the disadvantages listed above and which can be found in the operating techniques that are known at present.
  • the non-homogeneous and/or non-uniform portions of ground are basically detected and monitored by means of known geophysical surveying systems whose diagnostics is not concerned with the search for evidence to increase the load-bearing capacity of grounds, but is used to detect in a sensitive manner the effect of the expanding action of resins injected into targeted points of treated grounds that, at first, showed to be non-uniform and causing sagging, by acting on such qualitative assessment parameters as electric resistivity and conductivity.
  • the invention solves the problem through a method for homogenizing and/or re-homogenizing the physical and chemical characteristics of foundation grounds, which can fight all differential ground sagging under the existing buildings or in buildable areas, and which consists of the execution of pluralities of targeted holes in the portion of ground that has sagged or needs to be tested, through which effective expanding chemical substances can be injected, with special pipes and also simultaneously, even in the presence of water and/or moisture, these substances being such as to be able to: affect the weight/volume correlations of the various phases that make up the ground, homogenize and make uniform the chemical and physical characteristics of the treated portions with those of adjoining portions of grounds taken as reference portions and which are not affected by differential sagging, and check the starting conditions and the effects achieved through the laying on the ground, including the one to be homogenized, of series of geoelectrical instrumental survey electrodes, which are separated and conveniently spaced from the foregoing injection pipes, aimed at measuring electric resistivity and conductivity at preset rates before, during and after each injection, until the desired uniform
  • the definition of the position of the injection points, the sequence of injections, the quantity of expanding resins and their reaction characteristics are assessed and changed based on the real effects that are detected, while the work is in progress, in the ground portions themselves, during the targeted injections, so that the condition of the treated portions is periodically compared with the condition preceding the last injection made, until the ground is successfully homogenized.
  • the method determines that, when the values of electric conductivity or resistivity previously measured in the portions of ground affected by differential sagging are modified in such a way as to homogenize, as a whole, with those of the adjoining portions of ground not affected by the sagging and taken as reference portions, the aim is deemed to be achieved and the injections of expanding substances are interrupted.
  • the adopted monitoring reaches the three-dimensional (3D) level
  • the electric conditions of the ground being analyzed may be detected along with the ensuing effects produced by the targeted injections of expanding resins on it, even and particularly below the imprint of the buildings, without any need to excavate or pull anything down for traditional inspection and diagnostic purposes.
  • FIG. 1 The figures depict a practical example of a building 1 with a foundation 2, located on a ground 3 which is not generally affected by sagging, except for non-homogeneous portions/volumes 4 whose sagging has produced cracks 5 on the concurrent walls of a corner of building.
  • the purpose according to the invention is to intervene with targeted injections of chemical products, even expanding in type and effective also in the presence of water and/or moisture, into the mentioned portions/volumes 4 of non-homogeneous and/or non-uniform ground, and to create in them, with monitored sequence stages, equal or basically corresponding physical and chemical characteristics, hence homogeneous and/or uniform, compared to those of the adjoining areas 3 which are already homogeneous and uniform, not affected by sagging.
  • the behaviour of the ground being analyzed is monitored before, during and after the injections. This is pursued through the location in the ground 3-4, on the surface and/or into drilling holes through the filling layer 6, of at least one set of electrodes 7 which are preferably but not limitedly made from stainless steel instead of copper, since copper does not allow the electric conductivity to be correctly measured because it is easily oxidizable and, therefore, not suitable for monitoring measurements over time.
  • the electrode sets 7 are connected to multichannel georesistivimeter 8 allowing a number of quadrupole measurements to be made through a progressive energizing of at least an electrode pair and the calculation of the consequent electric potential on other pole pairs.
  • the use of at least a multichannel georesistivimeter 8 is preferential in order to take measurements very quickly, so as to minimize the invasive character of the operations and allowing a three-dimensional covering of the analyzed portions of ground, owing to the several combinations of measurements performed, to be guaranteed with no need to make excavation and/or demolition works, so as to be able to make overall assessments of the changes in resistivity of the treated portions of ground compared to themselves and compared to the adjoining portions of ground, not affected by the sagging and taken as reference portions, even underneath building units.
  • the monitoring electrode sets 7 are arranged according to targeted geometrical configurations, next to the portion 4 of ground to be homogenized or re-homogenized, also including those portions 3 that are not affected by sagging, which prove to be useful as elements of comparison. Electrodes 7, which are distributed on the surface or stuck vertically deep, are preferably arranged at a constant distance, and enough to ensure a proper covering of the whole ground being analyzed. The proper execution of the method at issue in this patent disclosure, requires electrodes 7 to be located on and into the ground, distinct, separate and spaced from the holes that are intended to serve (even expanding) product injection pipes 9, such as for instance polyurethane resins and compounds.
  • Electrodes 7 are anchored to the virgin ground and, if necessary, moistened to ensure electric continuity with the ground.
  • Specialized operators 10 process the monitored data, through at least one Personal Computer equipped with dedicated software and, as a function of the results, other operators 11 see to the execution of the product injections required as instructed by the former, in the amounts and combinations as purposely required.
  • the personal Computer(s) may indifferently, be placed directly on site or located in a place located elsewhere and network-connected, e.g. via Internet, to the multichannel detection units 8.
  • the injection system(s) may be placed on self-moving means 12.
  • the operating procedure of this method is mainly composed of the following main operating stages:
  • the out-of-ground laser level can exclusively be used to monitor any possible deformation affecting the structures and not, wrongly, to consider the primary goal as achieved, since the intervention is only considered as over when the treated ground is successfully homogenized, that is when the physical and chemical characteristics of the treated volume 4 are closer to those measured over the building areas or building grounds that are not affected by sagging 3, or other causes that produce disturbance to the ground underneath the buildings and/or in buildable areas.
  • This method at issue does not simply pursue the goal of understanding where the injected products need to be applied, but that of mainly understanding the effects produced during the targeted injections to possibly take, during execution, all actions required to reach the demanded homogenization levels to reduce or eliminate the differential sagging, by conceptually and operatively moving the monitoring while the work is in progress, from "out-of-ground” (common laser level) to "in-ground”; namely within the ground volume treated with three-dimensional tomographic geoelectrical scanning before, during and after the work.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé pour homogénéiser et/ou re-homogénéiser les caractéristiques physiques et chimiques de fondations et/ou de zones de construction en général pour lutter contre tout affaissement de bâtiments, comprenant les étapes consistant à:
    - effectuer des premières injections dans le sol de produits chimiques, les injections mentionnées étant réalisées sur des parties du sol (4) avérées comme étant non homogènes et/ou non uniformes comparées à des zones attenantes (3), ces dernières étant homogènes et uniformes, qui ne sont pas affectées par l'affaissement et qui sont utilisées comme des zones de référence, de manière à modifier les caractéristiques des parties précédentes du sol (4) ;
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes consistant à
    - surveiller ces fondations et/ou zones de construction en général, à des fréquences données et selon des motifs fixes avant, pendant et après les premières injections mentionnées, en utilisant des systèmes de tomographie électrique intégrés, afin de détecter les modifications des caractéristiques chimiques et physiques des parties traitées elles-mêmes par comparaison à celles utilisées en tant que parties de référence ;
    - modifier les paramètres desdites premières injections jusqu'à ce que les caractéristiques chimiques et physiques des parties traitées elles-mêmes par comparaison à celles utilisées en tant que parties de référence soient devenues homogènes et/ou uniformes et correspondantes ou similaires à celles des parties attenantes mentionnées (3) ;
    - et éventuellement effectuer des injections ciblées consécutives, dont les hauteurs, les quantités et les caractéristiques spécifiques, qui peuvent également différer des actions précédentes, sont une fonction des effets qui ont été observés sur le sol traité, jusqu'à ce que l'homogénéité et/ou l'uniformité souhaitée soit atteinte.
  2. Procédé d'homogénéisation et/ou re-homogénéisation selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la définition de la position des points d'injection, la quantité de produits chimiques, et les caractéristiques de réaction de ces produits, soient évaluées et modifiées sur la base des effets enregistrés pendant l'exécution dans les parties du sol (4) avant et pendant les injections ciblées, et en ce que les conditions des parties traitées sont séquentiellement comparées aux conditions qui ont précédé la dernière injection effectuée, jusqu'à ce que l'homogénéisation souhaitée des parties traitées du sol (4) soit atteinte, qui est comparable aux caractéristiques des parties mentionnées du sol (3) qui ne sont pas affectées par un affaissement quelconque, utilisées en tant que zones de référence.
  3. Procédé d'homogénéisation et/ou re-homogénéisation selon les revendications 1 et 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il est terminé lorsque les valeurs de résistivité et conductivité électriques mesurées dans les parties du sol (4) qui ont subi le traitement d'injection devienne homogène et/ou comparable à celles des parties attenantes du sol (3) non affectées par un affaissement quelconque.
  4. Procédé d'homogénéisation et/ou re-homogénéisation selon les revendications 1, 2 et 3 caractérisé en ce que ladite surveillance (7) est tridimensionnelle (3D) et visant à la surveillance en temps réel des conditions du sol étant analysées et des effets conférés à celui-ci par les injections.
  5. Procédé d'homogénéisation et/ou re-homogénéisation selon les revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que les injections des substances chimiques requises sont effectués à travers des trous formés dans le sol, pour des conduites spéciales (9) ; ces injections étant effectuées, selon des fréquences prédéfinies en fonction des données surveillées et traitées par un calculateur électronique (PC).
  6. Procédé de l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lesdites substances chimiques injectées sont des résines expansées ou des mousses de polyuréthane à deux composants.
  7. Procédé d'homogénéisation et/ou re-homogénéisation selon les revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la surveillance, à des fréquences et conformément aux motifs prédéfinis avant, pendant et après les opérations d'injection ciblées mentionnées, comprend au moins un ensemble d'électrodes (7) pour mesure instrumentale géoélectrique insérées sur la surface ou dans des trous forés dans les sols à analyser et éventuellement traiter (3-4) et connectées à au moins un géorésistivimètre multivoie (8) pour l'acquisition d'ensemble de mesures quadripolaires par excitation progressive d'au moins une paire d'électrodes et l'évaluation du potentiel électrique consécutif sur des paires de pôles ; l'ensemble multivoie mentionné (8) étant connecté à au moins un calculateur électronique (PC), équipé d'un logiciel dédié comprenant des algorithmes qui simulent les caractéristiques électriques des sols, et qui opèrent directement pour l'évaluation de la configuration graphique tridimensionnelle de sols ou parties de sol subissant le traitement.
EP06425705.8A 2006-10-13 2006-10-13 Procédée de homogeniser un sol par injections Active EP1914350B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06425705.8A EP1914350B2 (fr) 2006-10-13 2006-10-13 Procédée de homogeniser un sol par injections
ES06425705T ES2380045T5 (es) 2006-10-13 2006-10-13 Un método para homogeneizar y estabilizar un terreno mediante inyecciones
AT06425705T ATE539200T2 (de) 2006-10-13 2006-10-13 Verfahren zur homogenisierung und stabilisierung eines baugrunds mittels injektionen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06425705.8A EP1914350B2 (fr) 2006-10-13 2006-10-13 Procédée de homogeniser un sol par injections

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1914350A1 EP1914350A1 (fr) 2008-04-23
EP1914350B1 true EP1914350B1 (fr) 2011-12-28
EP1914350B2 EP1914350B2 (fr) 2019-06-05

Family

ID=37872239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06425705.8A Active EP1914350B2 (fr) 2006-10-13 2006-10-13 Procédée de homogeniser un sol par injections

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1914350B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE539200T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2380045T5 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1391152B1 (it) * 2008-08-04 2011-11-18 Ve I Co Pal S R L Metodo di rilevamento e monitoraggio della fase di iniezione di un processo di consolidamento dei terreni o fondazioni o fabbricati.
EP3029204A3 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2016-07-27 Uretek USA, Inc. Procédé et dispositif de mesure de stabilisation de sol souterrain
RU2559998C2 (ru) 2010-04-12 2015-08-20 Марк Энтони КУЧЕЛ Способ обработки грунта
ITPD20110235A1 (it) 2011-07-07 2013-01-08 Geosec S R L Metodo di consolidamento di terreni di fondazione e/o di aree fabbricabili
AU2013203933B2 (en) 2012-12-13 2016-05-12 Rigid Ground Pty Ltd Treating particulate and connecting slab portions
LU92314B1 (fr) * 2013-11-26 2015-05-27 Arman Innovations Sa Procédé de réhabilitation d'un ouvrage présentant une fissure par suivi d'une courbe représentative de l'écartement des bords de la fissure
ITUA20162691A1 (it) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-18 Geosec S R L Metodo e kit per mitigare il rischio di liquefazione di un terreno da consolidare
ITUA20164665A1 (it) 2016-06-27 2017-12-27 Thur Srl Metodo per l'ottimizzazione dei procedimenti per incrementare la portanza di terreni di fondazione.
IT201900019789A1 (it) * 2019-10-25 2021-04-25 Paolo Siano Procedimento di consolidamento dei terreni mediante iniezioni di resine poliuretaniche espandenti
IT202100009488A1 (it) 2021-04-15 2022-10-15 Paolo Siano Procedimento di stabilizzazione di strutture
CN114779316B (zh) * 2022-06-23 2022-11-04 中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司 隧道动水高渗压注浆智能监测方法及相关设备
WO2024079506A1 (fr) 2022-10-12 2024-04-18 Siano Paolo Procédé de stabilisation des structures
IT202200025245A1 (it) * 2022-12-07 2024-06-07 Geosec Int S R L Metodo di consolidamento e stabilizzazione chimico fisica dei terreni argillosi di fondazione e/o di aree fabbricabili in genere

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2659740A1 (de) * 1976-12-31 1978-07-13 Intec Ges Fuer Injektions Anke Verfahren und hilfsvorrichtungen zur sanierung einsturzgefaehrdeter gebaeude
FR2524145A1 (fr) † 1982-03-24 1983-09-30 Teiesu Gijutsu Kk Procede et appareil pour controler la zone d'injection d'un agent de cimentation du sol au cours d'un processus de stabilisation d'un sol
DE4304816A1 (de) * 1993-02-17 1994-08-18 Gerd Prof Dr Ing Gudehus Gerät und Verfahren zur Stabilisierung und Erkundung weichen Untergrundes
IT1286418B1 (it) * 1996-12-02 1998-07-08 Uretek Srl Procedimento per incrementare la portanza di terreni di fondazione per costruzioni edili
US6302380B1 (en) * 1999-09-08 2001-10-16 Ultimo Organization, Inc. Portable injection-casing extractor
EP1536069B1 (fr) * 2003-11-25 2005-12-21 Uretek S.r.l. Procédé de stabilisation du sol pour fondations
EP1650356A1 (fr) * 2004-10-20 2006-04-26 Ed. Züblin Ag Procédée d' optimisation d' une injection en sol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2380045T3 (es) 2012-05-08
EP1914350B2 (fr) 2019-06-05
EP1914350A1 (fr) 2008-04-23
ES2380045T5 (es) 2019-12-17
ATE539200T2 (de) 2012-01-15

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