EP1910953A1 - System and methods for determining size, and method for producing a size-determining system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a grading-type size-determining system and method which especially enable sizes to be determined, and to a method for producing one such system, for a product to be worn on parts of the body, especially in the field of sub-aquatic optical items. The method for producing the system involves the selection of main morphological parameters from parameters corresponding to the distance between two morphological markers which characterise the part of the body. Said method also involves the selection of product parameters corresponding to the distance between two points which geometrically characterise the product, the determination of an arithmetic relation between each product parameter and the main morphological parameters, and the determination of sizes defined by particular intervals of variation of the main morphological or product parameters. The inventive system comprises means for storing values of the morphological parameters and the product parameters, a module for calculating the value of the product parameters according to the value of the main morphological parameters, and a means for storing sizes defined by particular intervals of variation of the main morphological or product parameters. The inventive method also involves the calculation of the values of the product parameters according to values of the main morphological parameters which are determined by selecting a size from a group of sizes defined by intervals of variation of the main morphological parameters, and by associating median values of the intervals with the corresponding main morphological parameters.

Description

SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR SIZE ₅ AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A SIZE SYSTEM.

The present invention relates to a cutting system and method, as well as a method of manufacturing a cutting system. It finds particular application in the field of setting up a size system for products intended to be worn on one or more parts of the body of a person. This may be for example, but not only, sub-aquatic vision items such as including swimming goggles, swimming masks or diving.

Generally, a product is offered for sale in a single size or in several sizes.

When offered in a single size, it is evident that the product will not necessarily be suitable for any user. Indeed, size, whatever its definition, will generally be statistically determined for adaptation to the greatest number. But the satisfaction rate, related to the rate of adaptation, will be relatively low, given the different possible morphotypes, and morphological differences within the same morphotype. The problem is particularly delicate for products such as sub-aquatic vision items, such as swimming goggles, swim masks or diving. For such products the question of comfort and tightness is important. It is indeed extremely difficult to design a product in a single size that offers a level of comfort and sealing satisfactory for a large number of people, as the morphological differences in the face can be important from one person to another .

In such a situation, to improve comfort, we can for example add to the product a foam seal that will best fit the face of the user to compensate for the maladjustment of the single size.

But the problem will be the low level of tightness due to the type of seal

Conversely, to ensure a good seal, it may be added to the product a silicone seal, the latter providing a level of sealing greater than that provided by a foam seal. But the problem will then be the discomfort for a certain number of users for whom the unique size is not adapted.

It is therefore understandable that a product offered to users in several sizes will satisfy a larger number.

Methods and methods of so-called clothing gradation are already known which make it possible to determine the characteristics of a certain number of sizes from a pattern size. For this size pattern are determined the geometric characteristics of all pieces of the garment. Then, from empirical gradation rules, specific to the garment in question, applied to the characteristic points of the garment, we obtain the characteristics of the other sizes. These rules concern the variations of the coordinates of the characteristic points.

These systems and methods are however complex and expensive. They require important calculations, based on empirical rules that are not necessarily adapted. On the other hand, they are not suitable for products whose geometry or morphology is not directly that of the part of the body that carries these products. Indeed, in some cases, the correlation between the different geometries of certain parts of the body for a given size and these geometries for another size is not necessarily a logical correlation. This is the case for example with products such as sub-aquatic vision items such as swimming goggles, swimming masks or diving. In this case, these systems and methods do not make it possible to establish a relationship between certain morphological characteristics of the product and certain morphological characteristics of the part of the body that carries the product, nor to determine the size, from a set of possible sizes, adapted to a given person. The problem that arises then is to have a system and a process that allow in particular the establishment of sizes, based on a set of characteristic dimensional parameters of the products, with a morphotype coverage rate. high, so as to be able to determine the size, from a set of possible sizes, adapted to a given person.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a solution to the aforementioned problems among other problems.

The invention thus relates, in a first aspect, to a method of manufacturing a cutting system for a product intended to be worn on at least a part of the body.

Typically, the method first comprises a step of selecting one or more main morphological parameters from one or more morphological parameters PM _1J characteristic of the part of the body, and corresponding to the distance between two morphological markers M ,, M _j characteristics of this body part.

The method also comprises a step of selecting at least one product parameter PP _UJ corresponding to the distance between two geometrically characteristic points NP ₁ , NP ₁ of the product, and a first step of determining an arithmetic relation between each product parameter PP ,, _j and at least one of the main morphological parameters PMPi _j .

It also comprises a second step of determining an arithmetical relationship between the coordinates of each geometrically characteristic point NP ₁ of the product and at least one of said product parameter PP _M , these coordinates being expressed in a reference centered on a particular NP _ref point the point NP, geometrically characteristic of the product. The method finally comprises a step of determining one or more sizes, each of these sizes being defined by intervals. particular variations respectively of the main morphological parameters or PMP _1J , or by particular intervals of variation or respectively of the product parameters PP ₁ ,,.

In a first variant, the first step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each product parameter PP _(J and at least one of the main morphological parameters PMP ₁ ,, comprises, for each product parameter PP ,,, a step of determining arithmetic coefficients c ° _: ,,, ..., c ⁿ , _tJ , such that:

PP ,, ₁ = c ⁰ + c ¹ ,,, ,,, x PMP _{1J1 1} I + c ² x ,,, PMP _{l2) 2} + .... + a ⁿ x _M ,, _{n ιn} PMP In a second variant, possibly in combination with the previous one, the first step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each product parameter PP ₁₀ and at least one of the main morphological parameters PMP ,,, itself comprises a first step of determining a arithmetic relationship between each morphological parameter PM _M and at least one of the main morphological parameters PMP ,,,, and a second step of determining an arithmetic relation between each product parameter

PP ,,, and at least one of the morphological parameters PM _g .

Preferably, the first step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each morphological parameter PMi _{, j} and at least one of the main morphological parameters PMP _1, ,, then comprises, for each morphological parameter PMi ,,, a step of determining coefficients. arithmetic of _^0,, ,, ..., d _^π,, ,, such as:

PM ₁ ,, = d ⁰ + d ¹ ,,, ,,, x PMP ₁ L _d1 + ^d2 ,,, x ,, PMP _l2 + ₂ .... + d ⁿ i ,, x PMP _{ln, jn} From also preferably, the second step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each parameter PP _1, and at least one morphological PM parameters _{p, q} comprises, for each parameter PP ₁ ,,, a step of determining a arithmetic coefficient e ^^ such that: PP ₁ ,, = e ^p ' ^q i ,, x PMp, _q

In another variant, possibly in combination with any one or more of the preceding, the ranges of variation of the product parameters PPj _j are defined by a tolerance less than or equal to plus or minus 4%, preferably equal to plus or minus 3%, around a median value. In yet another variant, optionally in combination with one or more of the preceding, the body part being the face, morphological parameters PMPj _j are the distance ectocanthion bi-, bi-endocanthion distance, and the distance from nasion at the sub nasal point. The following definitions are recalled. The ectocanthions are the points located at the outer (lateral) palpebral angle, on the posterior rim, and the biectectomy distance is the distance between the two ectocanthions of the face. The endocanthions are the points located at the internal (medial) palpebral angle, outside the lacrimal caruncle, and the bi-endocanthion distance is the distance between the two endocanthions of the face. The nasion is the midpoint at the junction of the root of the nose with the forehead. Finally, the sub nasal point is the point situated at the sum of the angle formed by the lower edge of the nasal septum and the upper lip. In yet another variant, optionally in combination with any one or more of the foregoing, the product 1 is a sub-aquatic vision product.

The invention also relates, in a second aspect, to a cutting system for a product intended to be worn on at least a part of the body.

Characteristically, the system comprises a means for storing the respective values of one or more morphological parameters PMj _j characteristic of the part of the body and corresponding to the distance between two morphological markers Mj _, M _j characteristics of this part of the body, a at least one of these morphological parameters PMg being a main morphological parameter PMPy. The system also includes means for storing respective values of one or more product parameters PP _n geometrically product characteristics and corresponding to the distance between two NP _points, NP _j geometrically product characteristics, and a first calculation module the value of each product parameter PP ₁ ,, as a function of the value of at least one of the main morphological parameters PMPg.

It also comprises a second module 6 for calculating the value of the coordinates of each point NP _{1, which is} geometrically characteristic of the product as a function of at least one of the product parameters PP ₁ , these coordinates being expressed in a reference centered on a particular point. NP _ref , among the NP ₁ points, geometrically characteristic of the product.

The system finally comprises storage means of at least one size defined by particular intervals of variation respectively of the main morphological parameter or parameters PMP ,,, or by particular intervals of variation respectively of the product parameter or parameters PP _M.

In a first variant, the first calculation module is designed to perform, for each product parameter PP _1, the following calculation:

PP ₁ ,, = c °, j + c ¹ ,,, x PMP ₁ L ₁₁ + c ² ,,, x PMP _{l2i) 2} + .... + c ⁿ ,,, x PMP _ιn , _{) n} where C ⁰ _IJ , ..., c ⁿ _M are predefined arithmetic coefficients.

In another variant, possibly in combination with the previous one, the first module for calculating the value of each product parameter PP ₁ J as a function of the value of at least one of said main morphological parameters PMP ,,, itself comprises a first sub-module for calculating the value of each morphological parameter _PM, depending on the value of at least one major morphological parameters PMPG, and a second sub-module for calculating the value of each parameter PP, ,, depending on the value of at least one of the morphological parameters PM _g . Preferably, the first calculation sub-module is then designed to perform, for each morphological parameter PMjj, the following calculation:

MPi. _j = d ° i, j + x PMP ₁₁ J ₁ + d ² _{u 2} x PMPI J ₂ + .... + d x ^π ιj PMP _in, jn ° where d _{i, j,} ..., d ^π _{i, j} are predefined arithmetic coefficients.

Also preferably, the second calculation sub-module is designed to perform, for each product parameter PPj ₁ J, the following calculation:

PP ₁ ,] = e ^p ' ^q ι, jx PM _p , _q where e ^p ' ^q j, _j is a predefined arithmetic coefficient.

In another variant, possibly in combination with one or more of the preceding ones, the product being intended to be worn on at least a part of the body of a given person, the system comprises means for determining the value of the main morphological parameters PMP ;, _j characteristics of the body part of this particular person.

It then also comprises means for comparing the value of the main morphological parameter or parameters PMPj _j characteristics of the body part of the given person, with the respective limits of variation intervals defining each of the sizes of the set of sizes stored in the size storage medium.

It finally comprises size selection means, among the set of sizes, which is defined by one or more intervals of variation to which belong the respective values of the main morphological parameter or parameters PMPj ₁ J characteristic of the body part of the body. given person.

In yet another variant, possibly in combination with one or more of the preceding ones, the variation intervals of the product parameters PP ₁ J are defined with a tolerance less than or equal to plus or minus 4%, preferably equal to more or less than minus 3%, around a median value. In yet another variant, possibly in combination with any one or more of the preceding, the body part being the face, the main morphological parameters PMP ₁ ,, are the bi-ectocanthion distance, the bi-endocanthion distance, and the distance from the nasion to the sub nasal point, whose respective definitions are recalled above.

In yet another variant, optionally in combination with any one or more of the foregoing, the product is a sub-aquatic vision product. The invention finally relates, in a third aspect, to a cutting process of a product intended to be carried on at least a part of the body.

Typically, the method comprises a step of selecting one or more main morphological parameters PMP ,,, among one or more morphological parameters PM _M characteristic of the part of the body and corresponding to the distance between two morphological markers M ₁ , M , characteristics of this part of the body.

It also comprises a first step of calculating the value of one or more parameters PP ,,, for manufacturing the product, corresponding to the distance between two points Np ₁ , Np ₁ , as a function of the respective values of one or more parameters. main morphological

PMP ₁ ,, features of the body part.

The method also comprises a second step of calculating the value of the coordinates of each NP point, which is geometrically characteristic of the product, as a function of the respective values of one or more PP _M manufacturing parameters of the product, these coordinates being expressed in a centered reference system. on a particular point NP _ref among the points NP, geometrically characteristic of the product.

Finally, it comprises a step of determining the respective values of the main morphological parameter or parameters PMP ₁ , by selecting a given size from among a set of sizes defined by respective variation intervals of the principal morphological parameters _PMP,, ,, and by assigning the median value of each of the variation intervals defining the given size in each main morphological parameter corresponding PMP ₁ J. In a first variant, the first calculating step performs, for each PP _ITJ parameter making the product, the following calculation:

PP ₁₀ = c ° _M + c ¹ ,, _j x PMP ₁₁ ,, i + c ^z , _j x PMP _i2 , _{) 2} + .... + c ",,, x PMP _in ,, n where c ° g , ..., c ⁿ i, _j are predefined arithmetic coefficients.

In a second variant, possibly in combination with the previous one, the first step of calculating the value of one or more PP _M manufacturing parameters of the product as a function of the value of one or more main morphological parameters PMP _11J , comprises - even a first step of calculating the value for each morphological parameter PM ,, _j depending on the value of at least one major morphological parameters PMPG, and a second step of calculating the value of one or more parameters PP _g of manufacture of the product according to the value of at least one of the morphological parameters PMi _1J .

Preferably, the first step of calculating the value of each morphological parameter PM ₁ ,, as a function of the value of at least one of the main morphological parameters PMP ₁ ,,, then performs, for each morphological parameter PM ₁ ,,, the following calculation:

PM ₁ J = d ⁰ + d ,,, _^1M x ₁₁ J PMP ₁ + d ² _M x PMP _{| 2] 2} + .... + d ",,, x PMP _{in,) n} where d ^0, ,, ..., cf ⁿ ι, _j are predefined arithmetic coefficients, and preferably also the second step of calculating the value of one or more parameters PP _M for manufacturing the product as a function of the value of at least one of the morphological parameters PMg then performs, for each parameter PPj _, of product manufacture, the following calculation: PP ₁ ,, = θ ^P ' ^q ,, _j X PMp.q where e ^p ' ^q , _j is an arithmetic coefficient predefined. In another variant, possibly in combination with any one or more of the preceding, the product being intended to be worn on at least a part of the body of a given person, the selection of a given size from the set of sizes includes determining the value of the main morphological parameter (s) PMPj _j characteristics of the body part of that given person.

It also includes comparing the value of the main morphological parameter (s) PMP ₁ J characteristics of the body part of that given person, with the respective terminals of the variation intervals defining each of the sizes of the set of sizes.

It finally comprises the selection of the size, among the set of sizes, which is defined by one or more intervals of variation to which belong the respective values of the main morphological parameter or parameters PMP. _j characteristics of the body part of the given person.

In yet another variant, possibly in combination with one or more of the preceding ones, the variation intervals of the product parameters PPj _j are defined with a tolerance less than or equal to plus or minus 4%, preferably equal to 3%, around a median value.

In yet another variant, possibly in combination with any one or more of the preceding, the body part being the face, the morphological parameters PMPj _j are the biectectangion distance, the bi-endocanthion distance, and the nasion distance. at the sub nasal point, whose respective definitions are recalled above.

Finally, in yet another variant, possibly in combination with any one or more of the preceding, the product is a product of sub-aquatic vision. The invention therefore advantageously makes it possible to determine the size, from a set of possible sizes, adapted to a given person, by setting up sizes, on the basis of a set of characteristic dimensional parameters of the products, with a rate high morphotype coverage.

The system is of relatively limited complexity and does not require large calculations, in particular by reducing the morphological parameters to a subset of main morphological parameters, as well as by statistically determining arithmetic relationships between these parameters.

It is therefore particularly suitable for products whose geometry or morphology is not directly that of the part of the body that carries these products, as is the case for example for sub-aquatic vision products to wear on the face such as swimming goggles, swimming masks or diving.

The system and methods of the invention then make it possible to establish a relationship between certain morphological characteristics of the product and certain morphological characteristics of the part of the body that carries the product, and to determine the size, from a set of possible sizes, adapted to to a given person.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly and completely on reading the following description of the preferred embodiments of the system and implementation of the method, which are given as non-standard examples. and with reference to the following accompanying drawings. FIG. 1a: schematically represents the morphological markers in a variant of the invention, FIG. 1b: schematically represents the morphological markers in a variant of the invention, in a representation called 3D false, FIG. 2: schematically represents the markers In a variant of the invention, FIG. 3a diagrammatically represents the geometrically characteristic points of a first type of product. FIG. 3b schematically represents the geometrically characteristic points of a second type of product. FIG. Geometrically characteristic points of a third type of product, FIG. 4: schematically represents the system in a variant of the invention, FIGS. 5a to 5d show schematically population ellipses as a function of two of the three main morphological parameters, in FIG. example in which the part of the body concerned is the face. The whole of the following description relates to a particular application of the system and methods of the invention to the so-called sub-aquatic vision products, in particular swimming goggles and masks as well as diving masks. Of course, the description of this application is given by way of example and is not limited to the invention. This one extends indeed to the applications concerning any type of product intended to be carried by at least a part of the body. From a morphological and anthropometric survey, a number of morphological markers M ₁ -, shown in Figure 1a, were selected as morphologically characteristic of a face 2.

The definition of these points is as follows: - M ₁ : most salient median point of the frontal bone, located between the eyebrows, or glabella. - M ₂ : midpoint located at the junction of the root of the nose with the forehead, or nasion.

- M ₃ : the most anterior point of the tip of the nose, the head being oriented in the so-called plane of Frankfurt (plane of gaze or the visual plane), or pronasal.

- M _4: point located at the vertex of the angle formed by the lower edge of the septum and the upper lip, or subnasal.

- M ₅ : first of two points located at the inner (medial) palpebral angles outside the lacrimal carunculi, or first endocanthion.

- M ₆ : first of the two points located at the break located on the lower structure of the orbits, at about a third of the first distance ectocanthion - first endocanthion (M ₅ to M ₇ ), or first sub-orbital. - M ₇ : first of the two points located at the external palpebral angles (lateral) on their posterior edges, or first ectocanthion.

- Ms: first of the two midpoints located in the middle of the upper eyebrows and forming a break, or first suborbital. - Mg: second of the two points located at the internal palpebral angles

(medians) outside the lacrimal carunculi, or second endocanthion.

- M-io: second of the two points located at the break located on the lower structure of the orbits, at about a third of the distance second ectocanthion - second endocanthion (M ₉ to Mn), or second sub-orbital.

- Mn: second of the two points located at the external palpebral angles (lateral) on their posterior rim, or second ectocanthion. M ₁₂ : second of the two middle points located in the middle of the upper eyebrow arches and forming a break, or second subset orbital.

- M ₁₃ : first of the two points constituting kinds of flat located at the upper end of the junctions between the muscles of the jaw and the suborbital structures, or first malar. - Mi ₄ : first of the two points located above the lateral ends of the eyebrows, where the temporal edges undergo a slight variation of curvature (sometimes a point of inflection), or first fronto-temporal.

- Mis: second of the two points above the lateral ends of the eyebrows, where the temporal edges undergo a slight variation of curvature (sometimes a point of inflection), or second fronto-temporal.

- M 16: second of the two points constituting kinds of flat located at the upper end of the junctions between the muscles of the jaw and the suborbital structures, or second malar.

These morphological markers are represented in "3D false" in Figure 1b, in a different order. The points of FIG. 1a are effectively renumbered in FIG. 1b as follows:

- Mi: first malair. - M2: first fronto-temporal.

- M3: second fronto-temporal.

- M ₄ : second malar.

- M ₅ : glabella.

- M ₆ : nasion. - M ₇ : pronasal.

- Me: sub nasal.

- M ₉ : first ectocanthion.

- M 10: first sub-orbital.

- M 11: first endocanthion. - M 12: first suborbital.

M 13: second suborbital. - Mu: second endocanthion.

- M ₁₅ : second sub-orbital.

- Mid ₆ "• second ectocanthion.

This order of morphological markers allows Mi facilitates modeling. This can indeed be done in "one go", in an easily repeatable order.

From these morphological markers are defined morphological parameters PMy, which are morphologically characteristic of a face 2, and which correspond to the distances between two morphological markers Mj and Mj. Thus, for example, PM ₁ , ₂ designates the distance from Mi to M ₂ .

From statistical tests on representative samples of different populations, corresponding to different morphotypes, a subset of these morphological parameters PMg was selected. These parameters constitute principal morphological parameters PMPjj, and are represented in FIG.

These key parameters are those generating the greatest differentiation from one product to another. In particular, these parameters have an important influence on comfort and tightness, in the application to subaqueous vision products.

In this example, these main morphological parameters are three in number:

- PMPg, 16 = PMg, 1 ₆ '• spacing of the outer ends of the eyes or bi-ectocanthion distance. - PMPii, i ₄ = PMn, i ₄ : spacing of the inner ends of the eyes or distance bi-endocantion.

- PMP ₆ , 8 = PMβ, 8: nose height or nasion to sub nasal distance.

These three main parameters are therefore taken into account for the identification of morphotypes. They are thus the basis of the system and methods of the invention, in this example of application to sub-aquatic vision products. A matrix of coefficients d ^k j _{, j} is then determined which makes it possible to recalculate the set of morphological parameters PMjj from the subset of main morphological parameters PMPij.

For example: PMio, i2 = d ^θ io, i2 + d ¹ _{1 o} , i2 x PMPg ₁ I ₆ + d ² _{1 o} , i2 x PMPn ₁ -I ₄ +

With this reduction in the number of morphological parameters to a lower number of main morphological parameters, the computations and the measurement of an individual are simplified considerably, since these measurements are limited to this number of main morphological parameters.

Once identified and selected, the main morphological parameters make it possible to visualize the populations targeted by the system of the invention, as a function of these main morphological parameters. Figures 5a to 5d show schematically, in the example in which the part of the body concerned is the face, population ellipses according to two of the three main morphological parameters.

Thus, FIG. 5a shows the positioning of the population ellipses as a function of the width of the face and the width of the nose, thus according to the main morphological parameters PMPg.iβ and PMPn _1H .

FIG. 5b shows the positioning of the population ellipses as a function of the width of the face and the height of the nose, thus according to the main morphological parameters PMPg _j β βt

PMP ₆ , ₈ .

From the graphs shown in these figures 5a and 5b, a cutting in size is carried out. Each size is defined by intervals of variation of the main morphological parameters. These intervals are defined around a mean value, or median, with a tolerance around this value, using focused sensitivity tests, in the example of application to subaqueous vision products, on comfort and tightness.

The aim is to obtain a cutting in sizes allowing a maximum coverage rate of the different morphotype studied and identified, while controlling the number of sizes by limiting as much as possible, and ensuring a high satisfaction rate from the populations. compared to the criteria of comfort and waterproofness in particular.

In a particular example, a coverage rate of 90%, with a high satisfaction rate, was obtained.

By way of example also, graph A below shows a summary table of the intervals defining 7 sizes, and thus making it possible to cover 90% of the populations concerned with a high satisfaction rate.

Chart A

FIG. 5c is a schematic representation of the cutting in sizes according to the width of the face and the width of the nose, thus according to the main morphological parameters FIG. 5d is a diagrammatic representation of the cutting in sizes according to the width of the face and the height of the nose, thus according to the main morphological parameters PMP ₉ , ₁₆ and PMP ₆ , ₈ .

It can thus be seen from the graphs represented in these figures that the different population ellipses are correctly covered by the different sizes represented by squares centered on value pairs of the two main morphological parameters PMPg.iβ and PMPu.u.

In a given size, therefore in a given square, the size is considered ideal (very high satisfaction rate) for a person whose values of the two main morphological parameters PMP _9, i ₆ and PMP _{1 I114} correspond to the central point of the square. . In a given size, therefore in a given square, the further one gets away from the center, the lower the satisfaction rate, while remaining acceptable.

Then, for each product, geometrically characteristic NP points of this product are selected. These geometrically characteristic NPj points are shown in FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c in the three respective examples of the swimming goggles, the swimming mask and the diving mask.

These geometrically characteristic points NPj of each product make it possible to define product parameters PPj _j which correspond to the distances between two points NPj and NP _j . Thus, for example, PP-1,2 designates the distance of i _NP-2 to NP.

A number of tests then makes it possible to link, in each of the three cases represented respectively in FIGS. 3a to 3c, each of the product parameters PPg with at least one morphological parameter PMj _j by an arithmetic relation of the type: PPy = e ^p ' ^q j _{, j} x PM _{p, q}

Moreover, a point NP _rθt is chosen, among the points NP ₁ , as center of a reference in which can be expressed the coordinates (x ,, y ,, Z ₁ ) of each point NP ₁ .

The tests mentioned above also make it possible to connect these coordinates (X ₁ , y, Z ₁ ) to one or more of the product parameters PP ,,,. There is thus information necessary for the manufacture of a product of a given size, namely the coordinates (x ,, y ,, Z ₁ ) and the distances PP ₁ ,,.

There is therefore also a link between the main morphological parameters PMP ₁ ,, and the morphological parameters PM ,,, on the one hand, and between the morphological parameters PM ₁ ,, and the product parameters PP ,,, on the other hand .

We can therefore say that we have a link between the main morphological parameters PMP ,,, and the product parameters PP ,,,. Thus, this link is of the form: PP ₁ ,, = c ⁰ ,,, + C ¹ ,,, x PMP _9i16 + c ² ,,, x PMPn, i4 + c ³ ,,, x PMP ₆ , ₈ where the c ^k i ,, are coefficients determined statistically, or PP _{1 J} = c ⁰ ,,, + e ^{9 '16} _! ,, xd ¹ _M x PMP ₉ , ₁₆ + e ^{11 '14} ,,, xd ² ,,, x PMPn _1I4 + e ⁶ - ⁸ ,,, xd ³ _M x PMP ₆ , ₈

Thus, by determining, for example by a measurement directly on a person, the values of the main morphological parameters PMPi _1J of this person, it is possible to deduce the values of the product parameters PP _n which correspond to this given person.

One may then want to manufacture the product "customized" for the given person. In the case of a product range comprising several sizes, for example seven sizes as shown in the table of Chart C, it will also be possible to determine the appropriate size of this given person, by comparison of the measured values for the main morphological parameters PMP. _1J of this person, with the values of the bounds of intervals defining each size.

Thanks to the link explained above between the parameters main morphologies PMPi _1] and the product parameters PPj ₁ J ₁ the sizes can equally well be defined by variation intervals of the different product parameters PPy, each centered on a mean or median value corresponding to the value of the associated product parameter. These intervals are then preferably defined with a tolerance equal to plus or minus 3% around the median value, in any case less than or equal to plus or minus 4% around this median value.

As explained above, the preliminary study, which allows cutting in size, ensures a maximum rate of coverage of the different morphotype studied and identified, while controlling the number of sizes by limiting as much as possible, and ensuring a rate of high satisfaction on the part of the population with regard to the criteria of comfort and watertightness in particular. Figure 4 schematically shows the system in a variant of the invention.

This system comprises a storage means 3 for storing the definition of morphological markers Mj and morphological parameters PMy and the values of these parameters PM _g . Among these, a subset constitutes the subset of the main morphological parameters PMPi _1] .

The system also comprises means 4 for storing the definition of the characteristic NPi points of the product (possibly including their coordinates in a referential centered on a particular point NP _rf ), and product parameters PPy and the values of these parameters PPy.

Moreover, the different sizes and their respective definitions, namely the variation intervals of the values of the main morphological parameters PMPIJ or the product parameters PP, _Jf are stored in a means 7 of storage. A processing device comprises a module 5 making it possible to calculate the values of the product parameters PPy as a function of the values main morphological parameters PMPy.

Advantageously, this module 5 comprises two submodules 51 and 52.

The first submodule, 51, first makes it possible to calculate the value of the morphological parameters PMjj as a function of the values of the main morphological parameters PMPj ₁ J.

The second sub-module, 52, then makes it possible to calculate the value of the product parameters PPg as a function of the values of the morphological parameters PMj ₁ J calculated by the first submodule 51. With such a system, it is therefore possible to manufacture a product custom-tailored to a given person, or to select the appropriate size for that particular person from the set of sizes available, provided to know the values of the main morphologies PMPj ₁ J part 2 of the body of the given person. These values, if they are known a priori, can be entered and entered into the system by a conventional input means, to be subsequently processed by means 9 for comparison which will be explained a little further.

These values can also be determined by determination means 8 using conventional biometric measurement techniques. One can for example consider the use of a camera associated with a processing and measurement software. One can also consider the use of fringes of lights reflected by a mirror on the body part 2 of the person, associated with a device for detecting these fringes of light and measurement.

These values are then transmitted to the comparison means 9. The latter can transmit them directly to the calculation module 5 in order to determine the values of the product parameters PP, _j corresponding in the case of a manufacture of the customized product for example. It can also interrogate the storage means 7 of the respective definitions of each available size, and then transmit the information to the selection means which selects the corresponding size, namely the size defined by variation intervals of the main morphological parameters PMPjj to which the values of these different main morphological parameters PMPj _j of the body part 2 belong respectively. given person.

It is recalled here that the whole of the description above is given by way of example, and is therefore not limiting of the invention.

In particular, the various storage means 3, 4 and 7 are shown separately. But this separation is only a logical and non-physical representation, so that they can be physically gathered in a single storage medium such as a file, or a database for example.

The same is true of the various modules or sub-modules 5, 51, 52 and 6, or means 9 and 10. The representation in modules or separate means is in fact only a logical representation of the architecture and the arrangement of these modules or means, so that they can be physically assembled in a single means or module comprising for example a processor or a processing unit and several computer programs for example.

Claims

A method of manufacturing a gradation type cutting system, in particular for determining one or more sizes, for a product (1) intended to be worn on at least one part (2) of the body, characterized in that it comprises: a step of selecting one or more main morphological parameters (PMPy) from among one or more morphological parameters (PMj _j ) characteristic of said part (2) and corresponding to the distance between two morphological markers (Mj ₁ M _j ) characteristic of said part 2). a step of selecting at least one product parameter (PPi.j) corresponding to the distance between two points (NPi, NPj) geometrically characteristic of said product (1). a first step of determining an arithmetical relationship between each product parameter (PPj, _j ) and at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMP ,,,), a second step of determining an arithmetical relationship between the coordinates of each colon (NPi) geometrically characteristics of said product (1) and at least one of said product parameters (PPIJ), said coordinates being expressed in a reference frame centered on a particular point (NPr _ef) of said item (NPi) geometrically characteristics of said product (1 ), a third step of determination of one or more sizes, each of these said sizes being defined by particular intervals of variation respectively of the said main morphological parameter or parameters (PMPIJ), or by particular intervals of variation respectively of the one or more said product parameters (PPi _j ). 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in. said first step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each product parameter (PPi ₁ ) and at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPIJ) comprises, for each product parameter (PPi _j ), a step of determining arithmetic coefficients c ° jj, ..., c ^π j, j, such that: PPi ₁ = C ⁰ U + c ¹ i _{, j} x PMPi ₁ J ₁ + C ² _I jx PMPi ₂ J ₂ + .... + c ⁿ i, j x PMP _in, jn 3. Method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said first step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each product parameter (PPij) and at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPj,)) comprises: a first step of determining an arithmetical relationship between each morphological parameter (PMj _j ) and at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPu), a second step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each product parameter (PPi _j ) and at least one of said morphological parameters (PMj _j ). 4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said first step of determining an arithmetic relationship between each morphological parameter (PMj _j ) and at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPi _j ) comprises, for each morphological parameter ( PMj _j ), a step of determining arithmetic coefficients d j _{, j} , ..., d ⁿ j _j , such that: PMi, j = d ° ij + d ¹ jj x PMP ₁₁ J ₁ + d ² i, jx PMP _i2li2 + .... + d ⁿ i _{, j} x PMP _{in, jn} 5. Method according to any one of the claims 3 and 4, characterized in that said second step of determining arithmetic relationship between each parameter (PPi _j) and at least one of said morphological data (MD _{p, q)} comprises, for each parameter (PPIJ), a step of determining an arithmetic coefficient e ^Pi \ _j such that: PP ₁ J = e ^p ' ^q i, _j x PMp, _q 6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said ranges of variation of said product parameters (PPj ₁₎ ) are defined by a tolerance less than or equal to plus or minus 4%, preferably less than or equal to to plus or minus 3%, around a median value. 7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, said part (2) of the body being the face, characterized in that said morphological parameters (PMPj _j ) are the biectectangion distance, the bi-endocanthion distance, and the distance from the nasion to the sub nasal point. 8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said product (1) is an underwater vision product. 9. A gradation type cutting system, in particular for determining one or more sizes, for a product (1) intended to be worn on at least one part (2) of the body, characterized in that it comprises: - a means (3) storing the respective values of one or more morphological parameters (PMj ₁₎ ) characteristic of said part (2) and corresponding to the distance between two morphological markers (Mj ₁ M _j ) characteristic of said part (2), at least one of said morphological parameters (PMj _j ) being a main morphological parameter (PMPj _j ), means (4) for storing the respective values of one or more product parameters (PPι, _j ) geometrically characteristic of said product (1 ) and corresponding to the distance between two geometrically characteristic points (NPj _, NP _j ) of said product (1), a first module (5) for calculating the value of each product parameter (PPy) as a function of the value of at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPjj), a second calculation module (6) of the value of the coordinates of each point (NPi) geometrically characteristic of said product (1) as a function of at least one of said product parameters (PPj, _| ), said coordinates being expressed in a reference centered on a particular point (NP _ref ) among said point (NPj) geometrically characteristic of said product (1), a means (7) for storing at least one size defined by particular intervals of variation respectively of said main morphological parameter or parameters (PMPjj), or by particular intervals of variation respectively of or such product parameters (PPij). 10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that said first module (5) of calculation is designed to perform, for each product parameter (PPjj), the following calculation: PP _U = c ° i, i + C ¹ Ij x PMP ₁₁ Ji + c ² i, jx PMP _i2 , i2 + .... + c ⁿ _u x PMP _in j _n where c ° ι, j, ... , c ⁿ i _j are predefined arithmetic coefficients. 11. System according to any one of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that said first module (5) for calculating the value of each product parameter (PPj _j ) as a function of the value of at least one of said morphological parameters principals (PMPj _j ) comprises: a first submodule (51) for calculating the value of each morphological parameter (PMj _j ) as a function of the value of at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPij), a second sub-module (51) module (52) for calculating the value of each product parameter (PPj _j ) as a function of the value of at at least one of said morphological parameters (PM |, j). 12. System according to claim 11, characterized in that said first sub-module (51) of calculation is designed to perform, for each morphological parameter (PMj j), the following calculation: PMIJ = d ° j, j + d ¹ j, jx PMP ₁₁ J ₁ + Cl ² I ₁ ] x PMPi ₂ J ₂ + .... + d ^π ιj x PMP _in j _n where Cl ⁰ _J1 J, ..., d ⁿ ι _j are arithmetic coefficients predefined. 13. System according to any one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that said second sub-module (52) calculation is designed to perform, for each product parameter (PPij), the following calculation: PPi _j = e ^p ' ^q i _j x PMp, _q where e ^p ' ^q ι _j is a predefined arithmetic coefficient. 14. System according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, said product (1) being intended to be worn on at least a portion (2) of the body of a given person, said system comprises: means (8) for determining the value of said main morphological parameter or parameters (PMPj _j ) characteristic of said part (2) of the body of said given person, means (9) for comparing the value of said morphological parameter or parameters main features (PMPj _j ) of said body portion (2) of said given person, with the respective terminals of said variation intervals defining each of said sizes of said set of said sizes stored in said storage means (7), means (10) size selection, among said set of said sizes stored in said storage means (7), which is defined by one or more variation intervals to which the respective values of the or es said main morphological parameters (PMPij) characteristic of said part (2) of the body of said given person, 15. System according to any one of claims 9 and 14, characterized in that said ranges of variation of said product parameters (PPi _j ) are defined with a tolerance less than or equal to plus or minus 4%, preferably less than or equal to plus or minus 3%, around a median value. 16. System according to any one of claims 9 and 15, said part (2) of the body being the face, characterized in that said main morphological parameters (PMPg) are the biectectangion distance, the bi-endocanthion distance, and the distance from the nasion to the sub nasal point. 17. System according to any one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that said product (1) is an underwater vision product. 18. Gradation-type cutting process, notably making it possible to determine one or more sizes, for a product (1) intended to be worn on at least one part (2) of the body, characterized in that it comprises: a step of selecting one or more main morphological parameters (PMPj _j ) from among one or more morphological parameters (PMj _j ) characteristic of said part (2) and corresponding to the distance between two morphological markers (Mi, M _j ) characteristic of said part ( 2), a first step of calculating the value of one or more parameters (PPij) for manufacturing the product (1), corresponding to the distance between two points (NPj, NP _j ) geometrically characteristic of said product (1), in according to the respective values of one or more of said main morphological parameters (PMPg) characteristic of said part (2), a second step of calculating the value of the coordinates of each point (NP ₁ ) geometrically characteristic of said product (1) as a function of the respective values of one or more parameters (PPu) of manufacture of the product (1) , said coordinates being expressed in a reference centered on a particular point (NP _ref ) among said geometrically characteristic point (NPi) of said product (1), a step of determining said respective values of said main morphological parameter or parameters (PMPj.j) by: i. selecting a given size from a set of sizes defined by respective ranges of variation of said one or more main morphological parameters (PMP ₁ J) ₁ ii. assigning the median value of each of said variation intervals defining said given size to each corresponding main morphological parameter (PMPg). 19. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that said first calculation step performs, for each parameter (PPj, _j ) of manufacture of said product (1), the following calculation: PPi j = c ° ι, j + PMPI x ₁ J ₁ + c ² ij x PMPI ₂ J ₂ + .... + a ⁿ x ιj PMP _injn Ij where C ^0, ..., c ⁿ ij are predefined arithmetic coefficients. 20. Method according to any one of claims 18 and 19, characterized in that said first step of calculating the value of one or more parameters (PP _fj ) for manufacturing the product (1) as a function of the value of one or more main morphological parameters (PMPj _j ), comprises: a first step of calculating the value of each morphological parameter (PMIJ) as a function of the value of at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPIJ), a second step of calculating the value of one or more parameters (PPy) for manufacturing the product (1) as a function of the value of at least one of said morphological parameters (PMIJ). 21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that said first step of calculating the value of each morphological parameter (PMi _j ) as a function of the value of at least one of said main morphological parameters (PMPi j), performs, for each morphological parameter (PMij), the following calculation: PMi ₁ , = d ° i, j + d ¹ ij x PMPπji + to% x PMP ₁₂ J ₂ + .... + d ⁿ yx PMP _1n J _n where d ° i _j , ..., d ^π i _j are predefined arithmetic coefficients. 22. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that said second step of calculating the value of one or more parameters (PPj _j ) for manufacturing the product (1) as a function of the value of at least one of said morphological parameters (PMy) performs, for each parameter (PPy) of manufacture of said product (1), the following calculation: PPy = e ^p ' ^q yx PM _{p> q} where e ^p ' ^q ij is an arithmetic coefficient predefined. 23. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that, said product (1) being intended to be worn on at least a portion (2) of the body of a given person, said selection of a given size among said set of sizes comprises: determining the value of said main morphological parameter (s) (PMPy) characteristic of said part (2) of the body of said given person, - comparing the value of said morphological parameter (s) principal (PMPy) characteristics of the said part (2) of the body of said given person, with the respective terminals of said intervals of variation defining each of said sizes of said set of sizes, the selection of the size, from among said set of said sizes, which is defined by one or more intervals of variation to which belong the respective values of the one or more principal morphological parameters (PMPjj) characteristic of said part (2) of the body of said given person. 24. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 23, characterized in that said ranges of variation of said product parameters (PPy) are defined with a tolerance less than or equal to plus or minus 4%, preferably less than or equal to 3 %, around a median value. 25. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 24, said part (2) of the body being the face, characterized in that said morphological parameters (PMPjj) are the biectectangion distance, the bi-endocanthion distance, and the distance from the nasion to the sub nasal point. 26. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that said product (1) is an underwater vision product.