Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
  • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
  • C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
  • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
  • C21C2005/5288—Measuring or sampling devices
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C21C2300/00—Process aspects
  • C21C2300/06—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/20—Recycling
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

• the process taking place in the electric arc furnace depends essentially on the nature of the contents of the electric arc furnace. It is known to sort and classify scrap and sorted scrap the electric arc furnace and fed under consideration of a Chargierplans. Due to the scrap sorting ⁇ and due to the Chargierplans can then gen Aussa- be made about the state in the furnace interior, which, however, have a relatively high probability of uncertainty and error ⁇ .
• the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for determining the nature of the content of an electric arc furnace ⁇ .
• the object is achieved by a method for determining the nature of the contents of an arc furnace, in particular an electric arc furnace, said acoustic Signa ⁇ le be measured at the electric arc furnace.
• a method for determining the nature of the contents of an arc furnace, in particular an electric arc furnace said acoustic Signa ⁇ le be measured at the electric arc furnace.
• the nature of the content of the arc furnace, in particular of the electric arc furnace much more accurately and reliably ⁇ siger be determined.
• the inventively improved method for determining the nature of the content of an electric arc furnace, the energy input in the arc furnace, in particular electric arc furnace can be better regulated locally and in terms of quantity.
• the acoustic signals Minim ⁇ is used for measuring least an acoustic sensor, the other on the furnace vessel and / or on parts of the electric arc furnace, in particular electric arc furnace is arranged.
• the Elektrolichtbo- genofens additional electrical signals, in particular current, voltage and / or energy, a measured elekt ⁇ step sensor using at least.
• an electric sensor elekt ⁇ generic signals, particularly current, voltage and / or energy between at least two electrodes to measure the electric arc furnace ge ⁇ .
• the quality of the starting material which preferably consists at least partly of scrap, is advantageously determined.
• measured values and / or data obtained from the measured values are stored in a database.
• the object is also solved by a method for Operator Op ⁇ ben an electric arc furnace, in which information on the Be ⁇ integrity of the contents of the arc furnace, which were determined by a method described above, of the arc furnace are used to control or to regulate.
• the power supply to the electrodes is controlled to avoid breakage of one or more of the electrodes.
• the position of the electrodes is regulated.
• the arc furnace is deliberately driven asymmetrically, i. the position of the electrodes and / or the energy supply to the electrodes is set at least temporarily not symmetrical.
• the supply of chemical energy is regulated in the light ⁇ arc furnace.
• the object is also solved by a device having With ⁇ stuffs the a method described above are suitable for carrying out, the apparatus arc furnace ⁇ a light having acoustic sensors.
• FIG 3 shows a segment of the furnace vessel
• FIG 4 schematically shows an example of the propagation of acoustic signals in the furnace vessel.
• the 1 shows an electric arc furnace 1 which is formed in an exemplary embodiment as an electric arc furnace.
• the arc furnace 1 has several, in the example shown three,
• Electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c which are preferably arranged variable in position and at least partially protrude into the furnace vessel 2 of the electric arc furnace.
• electric current may flow between the electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c and or between the electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c and the furnace container 2.
• an electric arc 6 forms in the furnace vessel 2.
• the arc 6 is indicated only symbolically in the drawing.
• an electrical sensor 4a is provided for measuring electrical signals ES.
• Acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t are arranged around the arc furnace 1, with the aid of which acoustic signals N d , N e , N g (see FIG. 4) from the interior of the arc furnace 1 be recorded.
• Messda ⁇ th the acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t are supplied to suitable evaluation means 11. If appropriate, the suitable evaluation means 11 are also supplied with measurement data of the at least one electrical sensor 4a.
• the acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t are arranged around the furnace vessel 2 in the example shown.
• Acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t may be arranged not only on the furnace vessel 2 but alternatively or additionally, for example, also on a lid, not shown, of the arc furnace 1.
• Acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t for example, indirectly with the furnace vessel 2 and / or with the electric arc furnace 1 and / or be arranged directly connected.
• the arrangement of the acoustic sensor 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 5 e, 5 g, 5 h, 5 s, 5 t directly on the furnace container 2 and / or on the cover of the electric arc furnace 1, not shown, is particularly advantageous.
• a computing device 10 is provided, which is coupled to the electric arc furnace 1.
• the computing device 10 outputs control signals CS to the electric arc furnace, for example, the position of the electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c and / or the
• the computing device 10 has a control module 12.
• the computing device 10 preferably has evaluation means 11, with the aid of which measurement data which are transmitted by the plurality of acoustic sensors 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 5 e, 5 g, 5 h, 5 s, 5 t and / or the at least one electrical sensor 4 a, if appropriate prepared and analyzed. From ⁇ by the signals of the acoustic sensors 5a, 5b evaluation, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t is performed an acoustic emission analysis.
• no acoustic sensor 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t is provided in one or more segments S n. According to the invention, however, at least one acoustic sensor 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t is provided. Preferably, at least two acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t are provided.
• a segment S, n can at an angle ⁇ n further hsi in Horizontal segments hs vsi 2, ..., hs n and / or vertical segments, vs 2, ... are decomposed n vs to the arrangement of the acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t.
• FIG. 4 shows schematically a section of an arc furnace 1, wherein in particular the contents of the furnace vessel 2 as ⁇ the electrode 3a are shown only schematically.
• the feedstock 7, in particular scrap which is melted down ⁇ under the help of at least one electrode 3a to melt 8, in particular to liquid steel.
• the melting of the feed stock 7 takes place in particular in that under the action of the arc 6 is only symbolically shown, which, in particular, between the electrode 3a and the feedstock 7 or the melt 8 is formed, the interior of the arc furnace 1 Ener ⁇ is energy supplied.
• slag 9 can form above the melt.
• the feedstock 7 is formed in several pieces and is preferably present in solid phase before ⁇ preferably.
• the nature of the contents of the arc furnace 1, in particular the nature of the feed stock 7 is mainly character- ized 7 by the lumpiness of the feedstock the Particulate ⁇ ness of the feed material 7 is characterized, for example, by length, width, height, position, shape, weight and / or Dich ⁇ te of the feedstock 7 and the gut 7 forming Stü ⁇ bridge.
• the lumpiness and, in particular the position of the hardening guts 7, in particular scrap affects the introduction of energy into the arc furnace 1.
• Suitable control can better exploit the performance of one or more furnace transformers.
• At the furnace vessel 2 are to particular on the wall of Ofenge ⁇ fäßes 2 is preferably a plurality of acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t provided for structure-borne noise measurement, from those in Figures 1 and 4, some are exemplified.
• the acoustic sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t are arranged at suitable measuring points around the furnace, and optionally also on the furnace lid.
• a structure-borne noise analysis can be carried out.
• available current signals ie electrical signals ES (see FIG. 1)
• ES electrical signals
• suitable measuring methods preferably made of two measuring methods (electrical and acoustically ⁇ diagram measurement) are available signals using egg ner or more algorithms in the form of a hybrid system to evaluation data processed.
• the acoustic signals N d , N e , N g are generated in particular by the arc 6 between the electrode and the starting material 7 or melt 8. A part of the acoustic signals N g , N e is deflected on the crop 7, in particular scrap. This results in reflected acoustic signals N d . Acoustic Sig ⁇ signals will be passed through the feedstock 7 and / or reflected therefrom. Both are possibly several times and for different acoustic signals N d , N e , N g in under ⁇ different manner. The acoustic signals are transmitted to the wall (walls, panels and also covers) of the oven container 2, in particular through the solids of the feedstock 7. directed.
• the electric arc furnace in particular due to the determination of a scrap density, can be deliberately driven asymmetrically, ie the electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c energy can be supplied unbalanced and / or the position of the electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c can be changed asymmetrically.
• the electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c are preferably arranged to be vertically displaceable.
• the scrap density is therefore particularly relevant information, because scrap melts ge ⁇ ringere density faster than scrap of higher density.
• the energy input can be reduced, for example because of non-existent foamed slag.
• the energy input can be increased by a corresponding amount.
• the supply of chemical energy into the electric arc furnace 1 can be regulated become.
• the supply of chemical energy affects or causes a burning process inside the arc furnace 1.
• the supply of chemical energy into the electric arc furnace 1 can, for example, by manipulation of a lance, not shown in the figures and / or with the aid of so-called "Coherent Jets" SUC ⁇ gen.
• the measurement data obtained from the acoustic measurements are processed with the aid of evaluation means 11 into evaluation data.
• Evaluation data can be used, for example, as described above , to optimize the energy input into the electric arc furnace 1. With the help of the evaluation data also probable scrapping crashes can be determined in advance. Evaluation data are preferably also determined with the aid of electrical measurements. Messda ⁇ th and / or evaluation data can be stored in a database, not shown in the drawings, and advantageously be used for a forward-looking control of the arc furnace 1. In the database are preferably used for the nature of the contents of the Lichtbo ⁇ genofens characteristic data, hereinafter referred to as characterization rintegrating stored. As a collapse characteristic, for example, signal sequences can be stored in advance of a scrap ⁇ collapse.
• a preferably self learning system is trained using the database and stored therein characteristics of which the power supply can be controlled to the electric arc furnace, in particular to the electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c in such a way with the help of that future ⁇ term Schrotteinstze or electrode breakages can be avoided.
• the number of segments S n and the horizontal or vertical segments hsi, hs 2 ,..., Hs n or vsi, vs 2 ,..., Vs n is determined by the representation of the accuracy or by the for a given reliability value for the operation of the electric arc furnace 1 ⁇ or for a certain quality of the melt 8 he ⁇ ford variable accuracy.
• the invention relates to a method for determining the nature of the content of an arc furnace 1 for melting ⁇ a starting material 7, in particular for melting scrap, said acoustic signals N e , N g , N d , with the aid of at least one, preferably a plurality of acoustic Sensors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t are preferably measured ⁇ in conjunction with electrical signals that are measured with the aid of at least one electrical sensor 4a, are evaluated, in particular to avoid electrode breaks.
• the productivity of the Lichtbo ⁇ is genofens 1 increased, by ⁇ ranges by appropriate control of the arc furnace 1 has a higher specific melting capacity and downtime can be reduced.
• the spe ⁇ -specific melting energy is reduced by redistribution of energy in the electric arc furnace. 1
• the wall wear in the electric arc furnace 1 is reduced by reducing the radiant energy to the inner walls of the furnace vessel 2 of the Lichtbo ⁇ genofens 1.
• the electrode consumption can be reduced according to the invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2005
  • 2005-07-22 DE DE102005034378A patent/DE102005034378A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2006
  • 2006-06-28 RU RU2008106784/02A patent/RU2378390C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-06-28 MX MX2008000311A patent/MX2008000311A/es unknown
  • 2006-06-28 EP EP06763939A patent/EP1907594A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-06-28 US US11/916,908 patent/US20080307926A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-06-28 CN CNA200680026856XA patent/CN101228284A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-06-28 CA CA002615927A patent/CA2615927A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-06-28 BR BRPI0613762-8A patent/BRPI0613762A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-06-28 WO PCT/EP2006/063643 patent/WO2007009861A2/fr not_active Ceased

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