EP1989377A1 - Pneumatic structural element, and roof produced therefrom - Google Patents
Pneumatic structural element, and roof produced therefromInfo
- Publication number
- EP1989377A1 EP1989377A1 EP06817781A EP06817781A EP1989377A1 EP 1989377 A1 EP1989377 A1 EP 1989377A1 EP 06817781 A EP06817781 A EP 06817781A EP 06817781 A EP06817781 A EP 06817781A EP 1989377 A1 EP1989377 A1 EP 1989377A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tension
- gas
- pressure
- train
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/005—Girders or columns that are rollable, collapsible or otherwise adjustable in length or height
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/38—Arched girders or portal frames
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
- E04H2015/202—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework
- E04H2015/204—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework made from contiguous inflatable tubes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1362—Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1379—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic component according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Bar-like pneumatic components and also those with planar shape have become more known in recent years. They usually go back to EP 01 903 559 (Dl).
- a further development of the abovementioned invention is given in WO 2005/007991 (D2).
- the pressure rod is progressively wiped into a pair of arcuate pressure rods, which can also absorb tensile forces and are therefore also referred to as tension-pressure elements. These run along each of a generatrix of the cigar-shaped pneumatic hollow body. D2 is considered to be the closest prior art.
- the strong increased buckling stiffness of the compression-load loaded tensile-pressure elements is due to the fact that a push rod inserted according to D2 can be regarded as a rod elastically bedded over its entire length, such a rod being embedded in virtual distributed elasticities Have spring hardness k.
- the object of the present invention consists in the creation of a pneumatic component with tension-pressure elements and an elongated gas-tight hollow body, which can be formed into both sheet-like and / or planar structures and expanded, with an opposite to that of _o _
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a pneumatic component according to the invention in plan view
- FIG. 2 shows the embodiment of FIG. 1 in longitudinal section BB
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section AA through the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the forces acting
- FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of a pneumatic component in side view
- FIG. 7a, b the region of the end of a pneumatic component according to FIG. 6, FIG.
- FIG. 9 a roof element according to FIG. 8 in isometry, FIG.
- Fig. 10 an embodiment of the invention as elements 11, 12 of a dome roof.
- Fig. 1 shows the inventive pneumatic component in a first embodiment in a plan view. It is formed from two elongated, for example, cigar-shaped gastight hollow bodies 1 with a casing 9 and two end caps 5 each.
- the casing 9 consists of a textile-based plastic film or of flexible plastic-coated fabric.
- These hollow bodies 1 intersect one another - geometrically abstract - in a sectional area 2, as can be seen from FIG. 2, which represents a section BB through FIG.
- the two hollow bodies 1 are filled with compressed gas, they assume the shape shown in section AA of FIG. 4 under the conditions described below. Due to the pressure ⁇ in the interior of the hollow body 1, a line stress ⁇ builds up in its sheaths 9, which passes through
- R radius of the hollow body 1 [m] is given.
- a textile web 4 is inserted, on which the line stresses ⁇ of the two hollow bodies 1 are transmitted in the section line, as shown in FIG. 3 shows the vectorial addition of the line voltages ⁇ to the line force f_ in the web 4:
- the web 4 is clamped in a tension-compression element 3, which has the shape shown in FIG.
- the tension-pressure element 3 adopts the part of this line force represented above by the vector addition and is thus prestressed in the direction indicated by the vector representation.
- This bias causes a behavior of the train-pressure elements 3 analogous to a preloaded spring, which only reacts when exceeding the biasing force with a change in length. Only when this biasing force exceeds the risk of buckling of the train-pressure elements 3 occurs.
- the buckling load P k is given to
- the compressed air is used for prestressing the flexible web, so that it can transmit tensile and compressive forces and optimally stabilizes the pressure member against buckling.
- the tension-compression element 3 is stabilized by the line tensions ⁇ in the shell 9.
- FIG. 4 is a technical version of the illustration according to FIG. 3 in section AA according to FIG. 1.
- the tension-compression element 3 consists here, for example, of two C-profiles 8 screwed together.
- the shell 9 of the hollow body 1 is, for example, without interruption pulled between the C-profiles 8 and is secured to the outside of the train-pressure element 3 by a piping 10.
- the web 4 is inserted between the outer layers of the shell 9 and is clamped by the screw connection of the C-profile 8.
- Fig. 5 shows a section through the thus executed train pressure element 3 in detail.
- Fig. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment of a pneumatic component according to the present invention. It is curved relative to that of Fig. 1 and 2 upwards, its longitudinal axis, here denoted by numeral 6, is therefore closer to the now designated 3b lower tension-pressure element than the designated upper 3a.
- the length to height ratio of the pneumatic component shown in FIG. 4 is about 15.
- Figs. 7a, b are illustrations of the one end of a pneumatic component according to the invention, for example according to Fig. 6; the end, not shown, is preferably mirror-inverted.
- the two train-pressure elements are brought together and form a node there 14. This is generated by the fact that the web 4 is replaced by, for example, a plate 13, wel che transfers the necessary forces from and to the train-pressure elements 3.
- a solution for power transmission can be designed differently. The skilled person they are accessible without any special effort.
- Fig. 7a shows a side view of the knot 14
- Fig. 7b shows a cross section.
- a roof element 16 which is composed of a plurality of components according to FIG. 1.
- the assembly takes place in each case on a lying between the hollow bodies 1 train pressure element 3.
- the distance between the train-pressure elements 3 is 2-Ro, the diameter of the end caps 5.
- a roof element 16 according to FIG a suitable support framework is placed.
- the type of support is not critical: it is not necessary to hang the roof element 16 on the train-pressure elements 3; It can also be placed on the hollow body 1, provided there is no risk of injury.
- a roof element 16 For erecting a roof consisting of one or more roof elements 16, such a roof element 16 is joined together, for example, in an assembly hall made of tension-compression elements 3, the webs 4 and the casings 9 of the hollow bodies 1.
- Each hollow body 1 has its own connection 18 for the pressurized gas, in the case of a gas-tight web 4. These connections 18 are usually placed on a common compressed gas line 19, so that all the hollow body 1 have the same gas pressure.
- the entire roof element 16 - for example, on a truck - transported to the site and placed there under gas pressure. Thereafter, the roof element, which is now stabilized by the compressed gas, placed on the intended and prepared surface by means of a crane and fastened there.
- side finishes 17 are arranged. These also consist of hollow bodies 1 as shown in Fig. 8. Their maximum diameter essentially speaks the lateral distances of each two tension-pressure elements 3. The shape of the profile of the side finishes 17 is shown in FIG. 8.
- roof elements 16 For large roofs several identical roof elements 16 can be placed next to each other and each attached to the outermost train-pressure elements 3 together.
- FIGS. 10, 11, 12 show a third exemplary embodiment of a pneumatic component according to the invention.
- Fig. 10 shows an arcuate tension-pressure element 30 which rests on two pivot bearings 29 on a pivot axis 20 and is pivotable about this.
- the arcuate pull-push element 30 has an outer bow 21 and an inner bow 22.
- These sheets 21, 22 are connected by a number - for example five - parallel struts 23 and by a plurality of pull wires 24 and thus pre-stabilized without pneumatic hollow body.
- Fig. 10 shows an arcuate tension-pressure element 30 which rests on two pivot bearings 29 on a pivot axis 20 and is pivotable about this.
- the arcuate pull-push element 30 has an outer bow 21 and an inner bow 22.
- These sheets 21, 22 are connected by a
- FIG. 10 shows an erected from arcuate pneumatic components 25, dome-shaped roof 26.
- the prefabrication of the roof 26 can, as carried out to the roof element 16, done in an assembly hall.
- a knot 27 must be attached to the ground or cast in concrete.
- the arcuate train-pressure elements 30 have at the ends depending on a - not shown - connection, which allows the arcuate train-pressure elements 30 to pivot about the axes 20 to store.
- various solutions are known in construction. After transport to the construction site, these connections mentioned are made at node 27.
- the erection of the dome-shaped roof 26 is now carried out by filling the individual arcuate components 25 with compressed gas.
- the top component 25 first assume the round shape, successively followed by the underlying one.
- the roof 26 is divided into two halves, which close the roof when completely filled.
- the conclusion - instead of hollow body 1 - by two fauxschliessbare arcuate tension-pressure elements 30 are made.
- a plurality of pneumatically or electrically actuated closing mechanisms are provided (not shown) distributed over the said tension-pressure elements 30. Numerous solutions are available for this in mechanical engineering.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Pneumatisches Bauelement, und daraus erzeugtes DachPneumatic component, and roof produced therefrom
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein pneumatisches Bauelement nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Balkenartige pneumatische Bauelemente und auch solche mit flächenhafter Ausformung sind in den letzten Jahren mehrere bekannt geworden. Sie gehen zumeist zurück auf EP 01 903 559 (Dl) . Eine Weiterentwicklung der genannten Erfindung liegt vor in WO 2005/007991 (D2) . Hier ist der Druckstab fortentwi- ekelt zu einem Paar von bogenförmigen Druckstäben, die auch Zugkräfte aufnehmen können und daher auch als Zug-Druck- Elemente bezeichnet sind. Diese laufen entlang je einer Mantellinie des zigarrenförmigen pneumatischen Hohlkörpers. D2 wird als der nächstliegende Stand der Technik betrachtet. Die starke erhöhte Knicksteifigkeit der auf Druckkräfte belasteten Zug-Druck-Elemente beruht auf der Tatsache, dass ein gemäss D2 eingesetzter Druckstab als auf seine ganze Länge elastisch gebetteter Stab betrachtet werden kann, wobei ein solcher Stab auf virtuelle verteilte Elastizitäten gebettet ist, welche je die Federhärte k aufweisen. Die Federhärte Jc ist dort bestimmt durch k = π-p wo k = virtuelle Federhärte [N/m2] P = Druck im Hohlkörper [N/m2]The present invention relates to a pneumatic component according to the preamble of claim 1. Bar-like pneumatic components and also those with planar shape have become more known in recent years. They usually go back to EP 01 903 559 (Dl). A further development of the abovementioned invention is given in WO 2005/007991 (D2). Here, the pressure rod is progressively wiped into a pair of arcuate pressure rods, which can also absorb tensile forces and are therefore also referred to as tension-pressure elements. These run along each of a generatrix of the cigar-shaped pneumatic hollow body. D2 is considered to be the closest prior art. The strong increased buckling stiffness of the compression-load loaded tensile-pressure elements is due to the fact that a push rod inserted according to D2 can be regarded as a rod elastically bedded over its entire length, such a rod being embedded in virtual distributed elasticities Have spring hardness k. The spring hardness Jc is determined by k = π-p where k = virtual spring hardness [N / m 2 ] P = pressure in the hollow body [N / m 2 ]
wodurch sich die Knicklast Fk ergibt zuwhereby the buckling load F k results
mitWith
E = E-modul [N/m2]E = E modulus [N / m 2 ]
I = Flächenträgheitsmoment [m4]I = area moment of inertia [m 4 ]
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht in der Schaf- fung eines pneumatischen Bauelementes mit Zug-Druck-Elementen und einem langgestreckten gasdichten Hohlkörper, welches sowohl zu bogenartigen und/oder flächenhaften Gebilden geformt und ausgedehnt werden kann, mit einer gegenüber den aus dem _o _The object of the present invention consists in the creation of a pneumatic component with tension-pressure elements and an elongated gas-tight hollow body, which can be formed into both sheet-like and / or planar structures and expanded, with an opposite to that of _o _
Stande der Technik bekannten pneumatischen Trägern und Bauelementen wesentlich erhöhten Knicklast Fκ.Prior art known pneumatic supports and components significantly increased buckling load F κ .
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe ist bezüglich ihrer Hauptmerkmale wiedergegeben im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentan- Spruches 1, bezüglich weiterer vorteilhafter Merkmale in den folgenden Patentansprüchen.The solution of the problem set is reproduced in its main features in the characterizing part of patent claim 1, with respect to further advantageous features in the following claims.
Anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung wird der Erfindungsgegenstand näher erläutert. Es zeigenReference to the accompanying drawings, the subject invention is explained in detail. Show it
Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsge- mässen pneumatischen Bauelementes in der Draufsicht,1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a pneumatic component according to the invention in plan view,
Fig. 2 das Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 1 im Längsschnitt BB,2 shows the embodiment of FIG. 1 in longitudinal section BB,
Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt AA durch das Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 1 mit den wirkenden Kräften,3 shows a cross section AA through the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the forces acting,
Fig. 4 den Querschnitt AA mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel eines Zug-Druck-Elementes,4 shows the cross section AA with an embodiment of a train-pressure element,
Fig. 5 einen Querschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Zug-Druck-Elementes im Detail,5 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of a train-pressure element in detail,
Fig. 6 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines pneumatischen Bauelementes in Seitenansicht,6 shows a second embodiment of a pneumatic component in side view,
Fig. 7a, b der Bereich des Endes eines pneumatischen Bauele- mentes gemäss Fig. 6,7a, b the region of the end of a pneumatic component according to FIG. 6, FIG.
Fig. 8 den Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemässes Dachelement,8 shows the cross section through a roof element according to the invention,
Fig. 9 ein Dachelement gemäss Fig. 8 in Isometrie,9 a roof element according to FIG. 8 in isometry, FIG.
Fig. 10, ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung als Elemente 11, 12 eines Kuppel-Daches. Fig. 1 zeigt das erfindungsgemässe pneumatische Bauelement in einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Draufsicht. Es ist gebildet aus zwei langgestreckten beispielsweise zigarrenför- migen gasdichten Hohlkörpern 1 mit einer Hülle 9 und je zwei Endkappen 5. Die Hülle 9 besteht jeweils aus einer textilar- mierten Kunststoff-Folie oder aus flexiblem kunststoffbeschichtetem Gewebe. Diese Hohlkörper 1 schneiden einander - abstrakt geometrisch - in einer Schnittfläche 2, wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, welche einen Schnitt BB durch Fig. 1 darstellt.Fig. 10, an embodiment of the invention as elements 11, 12 of a dome roof. Fig. 1 shows the inventive pneumatic component in a first embodiment in a plan view. It is formed from two elongated, for example, cigar-shaped gastight hollow bodies 1 with a casing 9 and two end caps 5 each. The casing 9 consists of a textile-based plastic film or of flexible plastic-coated fabric. These hollow bodies 1 intersect one another - geometrically abstract - in a sectional area 2, as can be seen from FIG. 2, which represents a section BB through FIG.
Werden die zwei Hohlkörper 1 mit Druckgas befüllt, so nehmen sie - unter nachfolgend beschriebenen Bedingungen - die im Schnitt AA von Fig. 4 gezeigte Form an. Durch den Druck £ im Innern der Hohlkörper 1 baut sich in deren Hüllen 9 eine Linienspannung σ auf, welche durchIf the two hollow bodies 1 are filled with compressed gas, they assume the shape shown in section AA of FIG. 4 under the conditions described below. Due to the pressure ε in the interior of the hollow body 1, a line stress σ builds up in its sheaths 9, which passes through
σ = p-R σ = Linienspannung [N/m] p = Druck [N/m2]σ = pR σ = line stress [N / m] p = pressure [N / m 2 ]
R = Radius des Hohlkörpers 1 [m] gegeben ist.R = radius of the hollow body 1 [m] is given.
In den Schnittlinien der beiden Hohlkörper 1 ist, in der Schnittfläche 2, ein beispielsweise textiler Steg 4 einge- legt, auf welchen sich die Linienspannungen σ der beiden Hohlkörper 1 in der Schnittlinie übertragen, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Fig. 3 zeigt die vektorielle Addition der Linienspannungen σ zur Linienkraft f_ im Steg 4 :In the sectional lines of the two hollow bodies 1, in the sectional area 2, for example, a textile web 4 is inserted, on which the line stresses σ of the two hollow bodies 1 are transmitted in the section line, as shown in FIG. 3 shows the vectorial addition of the line voltages σ to the line force f_ in the web 4:
f = σι+σr wof = σ ι + σ r where
/ = Linienkraft im Steg 4 σ, = Linienspannung im linken Hohlkörper 1 σr = Linienspannung im rechten Hohlkörper 1 Die absolute Grosse von / ist bei gleichem Druck p und gleichem Radius R abhängig vom Schnittwinkel der beiden Schnittkreise der zwei Hohlkörper 1./ = Line force in the web 4 σ, = line stress in the left hollow body 1 σ r = line stress in the right hollow body 1 The absolute size of / is at the same pressure p and the same radius R depending on the intersection angle of the two cutting circles of the two hollow body. 1
Um Zug- und Druckkräfte des so aufgebauten pneumatischen Bau- elementes aufzunehmen, ist der Steg 4 eingespannt in ein Zug- Druck-Element 3, welches die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Form aufweist. Das Zug-Druck-Element 3 übernimmt den durch die Vektoraddition bestimmten Teil dieser oben dargestellten Linienkraft und wird damit in der durch die Vektordarstellung gege- benen Richtung vorgespannt. Durch das Befüllen der Hohlkörper 1 mit Druckluft ergibt sich eine Vorspannung des Steges 4 durch die Linienkraft f zu f = 2 σ sinφ. Da der Radius entlang des Bauelementes im Allgemeinen nicht konstant ist, verändert sich auch die Vorspannung des Steges entlang des Bau- elementes. Durch geeignete Wahl von Hüllenumfang und Steghöhe kann die Vorspannung des Steges gemäss dem Einsatz des pneumatischen Bauelementes optimiert oder sogar konstant gemacht werden. Die Vorspannung des Steges 4 beträgt dann p#Ro, mit 2R0= Durchmesser der Endkappen 5. Diese Vorspannung bewirkt ein Verhalten der Zug-Druck- Elemente 3 analog zu einer vorgespannten Feder, welche erst bei Überschreiten der Vorspannkraft mit einer Längenänderung reagiert. Erst bei diesem Überschreiten der Vorspannkraft tritt Gefahr des Einknickens der Zug-Druck-Elemente 3 auf. Durch die gezeigte Art der elastischen Bettung des Zug-Druck- Elementes 3 ist die Knicklast Pk gegeben zuTo absorb tensile and compressive forces of the thus constructed pneumatic component, the web 4 is clamped in a tension-compression element 3, which has the shape shown in FIG. The tension-pressure element 3 adopts the part of this line force represented above by the vector addition and is thus prestressed in the direction indicated by the vector representation. By filling the hollow body 1 with compressed air results in a bias of the web 4 by the line force f to f = 2 σ sinφ. Since the radius along the component is generally not constant, the bias of the web also varies along the component. By suitable choice of hull circumference and web height, the bias of the web can be optimized according to the use of the pneumatic component or even made constant. The bias of the web 4 is then p # Ro, with 2R 0 = diameter of the end caps 5. This bias causes a behavior of the train-pressure elements 3 analogous to a preloaded spring, which only reacts when exceeding the biasing force with a change in length. Only when this biasing force exceeds the risk of buckling of the train-pressure elements 3 occurs. By the type of elastic bedding of the train-pressure element 3 shown, the buckling load P k is given to
mit Pk = krit . Knicklastwith P k = crit. buckling load
E =. E-Modul des Zug-Druck-Elementes 3E =. E-modulus of the tensile-pressure element 3
F = Querschnittsfläche des " " "F = cross-sectional area of the "" "
I = Flächenträgheitsmoment des " " " und L = Länge des Zug-Druckelementes 3.I = area moment of inertia of the """ and L = length of the tension-pressure element 3.
Im erfindungsgemässen pneumatischen Bauelement wird also die komprimierte Luft zur Vorspannung des biegeweichen Steges be- nutzt, so dass dieser Zug- und Druckkräfte übertragen kann und das Druckglied optimal gegen Ausknicken stabilisiert. Dadurch wird das pneumatische Bauelement stabiler und leichter und kann besser lokale Lasten tragen. Seitlich ist das Zug-Druck-Element 3 durch die Linienspannun- gen σ in der Hülle 9 stabilisiert.In the pneumatic component according to the invention, therefore, the compressed air is used for prestressing the flexible web, so that it can transmit tensile and compressive forces and optimally stabilizes the pressure member against buckling. This makes the pneumatic component more stable and lighter and better able to carry local loads. On the side, the tension-compression element 3 is stabilized by the line tensions σ in the shell 9.
Fig. 4 ist eine technische Ausführungsversion der Darstellung gemäss Fig. 3 im Schnitt AA gemäss Fig. 1. Das Zug-Druck- Element 3 besteht hier beispielsweise aus zwei miteinander verschraubten C-Profilen 8. Die Hülle 9 der Hohlkörper 1 ist beispielsweise ohne Unterbrechung zwischen den C-Profilen 8 hindurchgezogen und wird aussen am Zug-Druck-Element 3 durch einen Keder 10 gesichert. Der Steg 4 ist zwischen die aussen liegenden Lagen der Hülle 9 eingelegt und wird durch die Schraubenverbindung der C-Profile 8 festgeklemmt. Fig. 5 zeigt einen Schnitt durch das so ausgeführte Zug- Druck-Element 3 im Detail.FIG. 4 is a technical version of the illustration according to FIG. 3 in section AA according to FIG. 1. The tension-compression element 3 consists here, for example, of two C-profiles 8 screwed together. The shell 9 of the hollow body 1 is, for example, without interruption pulled between the C-profiles 8 and is secured to the outside of the train-pressure element 3 by a piping 10. The web 4 is inserted between the outer layers of the shell 9 and is clamped by the screw connection of the C-profile 8. Fig. 5 shows a section through the thus executed train pressure element 3 in detail.
Fig. 6 ist die Seitenansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines pneumatischen Bauelementes nach der vorliegenden Erfindung. Es ist gegenüber jenem von Fig. 1 und 2 nach oben gewölbt, seine Längsachse, hier mit Ziffer 6 bezeichnet, liegt daher näher beim nun mit 3b bezeichneten unteren Zug- Druck-Element als beim mit 3a bezeichneten oberen. Die Ableitung der Kräfte erfolgt über zwei Auflager 7, welche sowohl vertikale Druck- als auch Zugkräfte aufnehmen. Das Verhältnis von Länge zu Höhe des in Fig. 4 dargestellten pneumatischen Bauelementes beträgt etwa 15.Fig. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment of a pneumatic component according to the present invention. It is curved relative to that of Fig. 1 and 2 upwards, its longitudinal axis, here denoted by numeral 6, is therefore closer to the now designated 3b lower tension-pressure element than the designated upper 3a. The derivative of the forces via two supports 7, which absorb both vertical pressure and tensile forces. The length to height ratio of the pneumatic component shown in FIG. 4 is about 15.
Die Fig. 7a, b sind Darstellungen des einen Endes eines erfindungsgemässen pneumatischen Bauelementes, beispielsweise nach Fig. 6; das nicht dargestellte Ende ist vorzugsweise spiegel- bildlich ausgeführt. An den Enden des Zug-Druck-Elemeήtes 3 sind die beiden Zug-Druck-Elemente zusammengeführt und bilden dort einen Knoten 14. Dieser wird dadurch erzeugt, dass der Steg 4 durch beispielsweise eine Platte 13 ersetzt wird, wel- che die notwendigen Kräfte von und auf die Zug-Druck-Elemente 3 überträgt. Je nach den zum Einsatz kommenden Zug-Druck- Elementen kann eine solche Lösung zur Kraftübertragung jedoch anders gestaltet sein. Dem Fachmann sind sie ohne besonderen Aufwand zugänglich.Figs. 7a, b are illustrations of the one end of a pneumatic component according to the invention, for example according to Fig. 6; the end, not shown, is preferably mirror-inverted. At the ends of the tension-pressure Elemeήtes 3, the two train-pressure elements are brought together and form a node there 14. This is generated by the fact that the web 4 is replaced by, for example, a plate 13, wel che transfers the necessary forces from and to the train-pressure elements 3. Depending on the train-pressure elements used, however, such a solution for power transmission can be designed differently. The skilled person they are accessible without any special effort.
Fig. 7a stellt eine Seitenansicht des Knotens 14 dar, Fig. 7b einen Querschnitt.Fig. 7a shows a side view of the knot 14, Fig. 7b shows a cross section.
In Fig. 8 ist die Frontansicht eines Dachelementes 16 dargestellt, welches aus einer Vielzahl von Bauelementen gemäss Fig. 1 zusammengesetzt ist. Das Zusammensetzen geschieht jeweils an einem zwischen den Hohlkörpern 1 liegenden Zug- Druck-Elementes 3. Der Abstand der Zug-Druck-Elemente 3 beträgt jeweils 2-Ro, dem Durchmesser der Endkappen 5. Ein Dach-Element 16 gemäss Fig. 7 kann auf ein geeignetes Stütz- gerüst aufgelegt werden. Solange die Auflagefläche im Wesentlichen eben ist, ist die Art der Auflage unkritisch: Es ist nicht notwendig, das Dachelement 16 auf die Zug-Druck- Elemente 3 aufzulegen; es kann auch auf die Hohlkörper 1 aufgelegt werden, sofern keine Verletzungsgefahr besteht. Zum Errichten eines aus einem oder mehreren Dachelementen 16 bestehenden Daches wird ein solches Dachelement 16 beispielsweise in einer Montagehalle aus Zug-Druck-Elementen 3, den Stegen 4 und den Hüllen 9 der Hohlkörper 1 zusammengefügt. Jeder Hohlkörper 1 weist - bei gasdichtem Steg 4 - einen ei- genen Anschluss 18 für das Druckgas auf. Diese Anschlüsse 18 werden in aller Regel auf eine gemeinsame Druckgasleitung 19 gelegt, so dass alle Hohlkörper 1 den gleichen Gasdruck aufweisen. Nach dem Zusammenbau dieser genannten Einzelteile kann das ganze Dachelement 16 - beispielsweise auf einem Lastwagen - auf die Baustelle transportiert und dort unter Gasdruck gesetzt werden. Danach wird das Dachelement, das nun durch das Druckgas stabilisiert ist, auf die vorgesehene und vorbereitete Unterlage mittels eines Krans aufgesetzt und dort befes- tigt.In Fig. 8, the front view of a roof element 16 is shown, which is composed of a plurality of components according to FIG. 1. The assembly takes place in each case on a lying between the hollow bodies 1 train pressure element 3. The distance between the train-pressure elements 3 is 2-Ro, the diameter of the end caps 5. A roof element 16 according to FIG a suitable support framework is placed. As long as the support surface is substantially flat, the type of support is not critical: it is not necessary to hang the roof element 16 on the train-pressure elements 3; It can also be placed on the hollow body 1, provided there is no risk of injury. For erecting a roof consisting of one or more roof elements 16, such a roof element 16 is joined together, for example, in an assembly hall made of tension-compression elements 3, the webs 4 and the casings 9 of the hollow bodies 1. Each hollow body 1 has its own connection 18 for the pressurized gas, in the case of a gas-tight web 4. These connections 18 are usually placed on a common compressed gas line 19, so that all the hollow body 1 have the same gas pressure. After assembly of these items mentioned the entire roof element 16 - for example, on a truck - transported to the site and placed there under gas pressure. Thereafter, the roof element, which is now stabilized by the compressed gas, placed on the intended and prepared surface by means of a crane and fastened there.
An den seitlichen Enden eines Dachelementes 16 sind Seitenabschlüsse 17 angeordnet. Auch diese bestehen aus Hohlkörpern 1 wie in Fig. 8 dargestellt. Deren Maximaldurchmesser ent- spricht im Wesentlichen dem seitlichen Abstände von jeweils zwei Zug-Druck-Elementen 3. Der Formverlauf der Seitenabschlüsse 17 ist aus Fig. 8 ersichtlich.At the lateral ends of a roof element 16 side finishes 17 are arranged. These also consist of hollow bodies 1 as shown in Fig. 8. Their maximum diameter essentially speaks the lateral distances of each two tension-pressure elements 3. The shape of the profile of the side finishes 17 is shown in FIG. 8.
Bei grossen Dächern können mehrere gleiche Dachelemente 16 nebeneinander gelegt und jeweils an den äussersten Zug-Druck- Elementen 3 aneinander befestigt werden.For large roofs several identical roof elements 16 can be placed next to each other and each attached to the outermost train-pressure elements 3 together.
In den Fig. 10, 11, 12 ist ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen pneumatischen Bauelementes dargestellt. Fig. 10 zeigt ein bogenförmiges Zug-Druck-Element 30, welches auf zwei Schwenklagern 29 auf einer Schwenkachse 20 aufliegt und um diese schwenkbar ist. Das bogenförmige Zug- Druck-Element 30 weist einen äusseren Bogen 21 und einen inneren Bogen 22 auf. Diese Bogen 21, 22 sind durch eine Anzahl - beispielsweise fünf - unter einander parallele Streben 23 und durch eine Vielzahl von Zugdrähten 24 verbunden und so auch ohne pneumatische Hohlkörper vorstabilisiert. Parallel zu der Schar von Zugdrähten 24 ist wiederum, wie im Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 1, 2, ein Steg 4 eingezogen und mittels einer Kederverbindung an den Bogen 21, 22 befestigt. Fig. 10 zeigt ein aus bogenförmigen pneumatischen Bauelementen 25 aufgerichtetes, kuppeiförmiges Dach 26. Analog zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 1, 2 wird eine Anzahl - beispielsweise achtzehn - von Hohlkörpern 1 erzeugt und mit den bogenförmigen Zug-Druck-Elementen 30 verbunden wie darge- stellt. Das Vorfertigen des Daches 26 kann, wie zum Dachelement 16 ausgeführt, in einer Montagehalle geschehen. Bausei- tig muss ein Knoten 27 am Boden befestigt oder einbetoniert sein. Die bogenförmigen Zug-Druck-Elemente 30 weisen an deren Enden je einen - nicht dargestellten - Anschluss auf, welcher gestattet, die bogenförmigen Zug-Druck-Elemente 30 um die Achsen 20 schwenkbar zu lagern. Hierzu sind im Bauwesen mannigfaltige Lösungen bekannt. Nach dem Transport auf die Baustelle werden diese genannten Anschlüsse am Knoten 27 vorgenommen. Das Aufrichten des kuppeiförmigen Daches 26 erfolgt nun durch Befüllen der einzelnen bogenförmigen Bauelemente 25 mit Druckgas. Sind alle Anschlüsse 18, wie in Fig. 7 ausgeführt, an eine gemeinsame Druckgasleitung 19 angeschlossen, so wird das oberste Bauelement 25 zuerst die runde Form annehmen, sukzessive gefolgt von den darunter liegenden. Das Dach 26 ist in zwei Hälften aufgeteilt, welche bei völligem Befüllen das Dach dicht abschliessen. Alternativ kann der Abschluss - anstatt durch Hohlkörper 1 - auch durch zwei zusammenschliessbare bogenförmige Zug-Druck- Elemente 30 vorgenommen werden. Dazu sind, auf die genannten Zug-Druck-Elemente 30 verteilt, mehrere pneumatisch oder e- lektrisch zu betätigende Schliessmechanismen vorgesehen (nicht dargestellt) . Hierzu sind im Maschinenbau zahlreiche Lösungen vorhanden. FIGS. 10, 11, 12 show a third exemplary embodiment of a pneumatic component according to the invention. Fig. 10 shows an arcuate tension-pressure element 30 which rests on two pivot bearings 29 on a pivot axis 20 and is pivotable about this. The arcuate pull-push element 30 has an outer bow 21 and an inner bow 22. These sheets 21, 22 are connected by a number - for example five - parallel struts 23 and by a plurality of pull wires 24 and thus pre-stabilized without pneumatic hollow body. Parallel to the crowd of tension wires 24, in turn, as in the embodiment of Fig. 1, 2, a web 4 is drawn and fixed by means of a Kederverbindung to the sheet 21, 22. Fig. 10 shows an erected from arcuate pneumatic components 25, dome-shaped roof 26. Analogous to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, 2, a number - for example eighteen - generated by hollow bodies 1 and connected to the arcuate train-pressure elements 30 as Darge - puts. The prefabrication of the roof 26 can, as carried out to the roof element 16, done in an assembly hall. On-site, a knot 27 must be attached to the ground or cast in concrete. The arcuate train-pressure elements 30 have at the ends depending on a - not shown - connection, which allows the arcuate train-pressure elements 30 to pivot about the axes 20 to store. For this purpose, various solutions are known in construction. After transport to the construction site, these connections mentioned are made at node 27. The erection of the dome-shaped roof 26 is now carried out by filling the individual arcuate components 25 with compressed gas. Are all terminals 18, as shown in Fig. 7, connected to a common compressed gas line 19, so is the top component 25 first assume the round shape, successively followed by the underlying one. The roof 26 is divided into two halves, which close the roof when completely filled. Alternatively, the conclusion - instead of hollow body 1 - by two zusammenschliessbare arcuate tension-pressure elements 30 are made. For this purpose, a plurality of pneumatically or electrically actuated closing mechanisms are provided (not shown) distributed over the said tension-pressure elements 30. Numerous solutions are available for this in mechanical engineering.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH20732005 | 2005-12-23 | ||
| PCT/CH2006/000731 WO2007071100A1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2006-12-22 | Pneumatic structural element, and roof produced therefrom |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1989377A1 true EP1989377A1 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
Family
ID=35841964
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06817781A Pending EP1989377A1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2006-12-22 | Pneumatic structural element, and roof produced therefrom |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8161686B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1989377A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101365854B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2634501C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007071100A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4538463B2 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2010-09-08 | プロスペクテイブ コンセプツ アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Pneumatic two-dimensional structure |
| CH700461A2 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-31 | Empa | Crooked pneumatic carrier. |
| IN2014CN03435A (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2015-07-03 | Skyline Displays Inc | |
| CN103993692B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2017-05-10 | 中石化上海工程有限公司 | Arch crown steel storage tank combination type dome net shell |
| US11519432B2 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2022-12-06 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Method of actuation using knit-constrained pneumatics |
| CH713818A1 (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-30 | Pibridge Ltd | Pneumatic carrier. |
| DE102018106711B4 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2020-10-22 | X GLOO GmbH & Co. KG | SUPPORTING STRUCTURE WITH INFLATABLE STRAPS |
| EP3861841A2 (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2021-08-11 | Rite-Hite Holding Corporation | Air barrier systems for data center zone containment |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1557401A1 (en) * | 1967-03-15 | 1969-09-04 | Friedrich Rauch | Bending-resistant air tent wall or ceiling |
| US3987736A (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-10-26 | Gordon M. Newby | Reusable pneumatic dunnage device |
| GB1604141A (en) * | 1978-01-05 | 1981-12-02 | Modern Precision Engs & Associ | Air cushion lifting device |
| US4676032A (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1987-06-30 | Pierre Jutras | Inflatable wall structure |
| FR2621944A1 (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1989-04-21 | Delamare Guy | INFLATABLE DOUBLE WALL WITH POLYLOBEE |
| US5027564A (en) * | 1988-05-09 | 1991-07-02 | Colux Gesellschaft fur Licht - und Leichtbau mbH | Building construction with a chamber which can be acted upon by a fluid medium |
| US6065252A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 2000-05-23 | Norsen; Robert A. | Pneumatically convertible roof |
| JP3574743B2 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2004-10-06 | 帝人テクノプロダクツ株式会社 | Air film structure |
| CN2361695Y (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2000-02-02 | 王泽林 | Movable air-filled vault curtain building |
| CN1145733C (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2004-04-14 | 莫罗·佩德里蒂 | Pneumatic structural element |
| CH704634B1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2012-09-28 | Prospective Concepts Ag | A pneumatic structural component. |
| EP1656483B1 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2008-02-20 | Prospective Concepts AG | Pneumatic support |
| ATE383481T1 (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2008-01-15 | Prospective Concepts Ag | FLOATING SUPPORT STRUCTURE WITH STATIC BUOYANCY |
| JP4538463B2 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2010-09-08 | プロスペクテイブ コンセプツ アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Pneumatic two-dimensional structure |
| EP1903559A1 (en) | 2006-09-20 | 2008-03-26 | Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh | Method and device for transcoding audio signals |
-
2006
- 2006-12-22 WO PCT/CH2006/000731 patent/WO2007071100A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-12-22 US US12/086,908 patent/US8161686B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-22 EP EP06817781A patent/EP1989377A1/en active Pending
- 2006-12-22 CA CA2634501A patent/CA2634501C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-22 CN CN200680048649.4A patent/CN101365854B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007071100A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007071100A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
| CA2634501A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
| CN101365854B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
| US20100266796A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
| CN101365854A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| US8161686B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 |
| CA2634501C (en) | 2014-09-02 |
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