EP1864801B1 - Printing group of a printing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Printing group for a printing machine comprises a printing cylinder (304) and an inking system (305) having a first (316), second (324) and third distributing cylinder (321) and a number of inking cylinders (315, 317-320) and inking rollers (322, 323, 325). The printing cylinder is supplied with ink along a first, front inking path via the second distributing cylinder and along a second, rear inking path via the third distributing cylinder. One inking cylinder (318) is displaceably arranged in the inking system so that the second inking path receives its ink by direct contact with the first distributing cylinder or the second distributing cylinder depending on the position of the cylinder. Independent claims are also included for alternative printing groups.

Description

The invention relates to a printing unit of a printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.

The DE 197 20 954 A1 discloses a printing unit with a three rubbing cylinder having lifting inking and a distributor cylinder having dampening unit. The ink flow takes place from a cylinder-distant distribution cylinder of the inking unit in each case via an inking roller parallel to two closer to the transfer cylinder distribution cylinder and from there via each associated applicator rollers on the transfer cylinder. The three-roll dampening unit is always in operative connection with one of the inking drivers so that dampening solution / paint emulsion is applied.

By the DE 197 50 960 A1 discloses a three inking cylinder having film inking unit, wherein the color flow from the cylinder-distant distribution cylinder to a second distribution cylinder, and from there in parallel via applicator rollers on the forme cylinder and the third distribution cylinder, from which a smoothing of the ink application is carried out on other applicator rollers.

In the DE 101 03 842 A1 a film inking unit is set forth, wherein both an angle between a metering gap and a film gap and an angle between the film gap and a press nip between 70 ° to 110 °, in particular at about 90 °.

The DE 29 32 105 A1 shows a printing unit with a Heberfarb- and a dampening unit, wherein the dampening unit is arranged movably in such a way that it acts in a mode of operation as a three-roll dampening unit and no connection to the inking unit, and in the other mode of operation of dampening contact with a Application roller of the inking unit has.

From the DE 38 04 204 A1 a film inking unit is known, wherein in addition to a arranged in the ink fountain zone-wise metering of the color flow for more variable control or cleaning purposes the inking unit color can be removed via an intermediate roller and a doctor device.

By the DE 101 57 243 A1 a friction cylinder of a printing machine is disclosed, the rotary drive on one end face and a traverse drive on the other, z. B. the drive side is arranged. The rotary drive is done by the motor either axially directly or via a pinion on a spur gear of the cylinder.

In the DE 38 04 204 A1 Transfer rollers of an inking unit are mounted in spring-loaded bearing levers.

In the DE 21 06 655 A a roller of an inking unit is movably arranged in such a way that from a first distribution cylinder in a first position of the roller, the ink is transported via rollers of a front ink path from the first distribution cylinder to the distribution cylinder of a rear color path, while in a second position of the roller the color in addition to this way is conveyed directly from the first distribution cylinder to this distribution cylinder of the rear color path - the color path lying behind therefore always leads color.

By the DE 36 40 295 A1 is an inking unit with three each cooperating directly with applicator cylinders Reibzylindern known, the most rearward color path is interrupted by moving an intermediate roller.

The CH 557 238 discloses a reversible printing unit whose inking and dampening unit has a total of four distribution cylinders, wherein depending on the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder Moisture over one of the two in the circumferential direction of the considered outward distribution cylinder and the dyeing on the remaining three distribution cylinder takes place. The front of two color paths is preserved in both Eingießituationen.

Also the DE 40 12 283 A1 discloses a reversible printing unit whose inking and dampening unit, however, has a total of three distribution cylinders, wherein depending on the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder moisturizing via one of the two viewed in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder outside rubbing cylinder and the dyeing on the respective other two distribution cylinder. Again, the front of the two color paths is preserved in both Eingiessituationen.

The DE 346 247C discloses an inking unit with optional different color paths. In one mode, a movable roller is positioned in a first color path and in a second mode in a second, longer color path. The aim is to be able to switch between a company with a "small color work" and a "large inking unit". When operating in the "small color" mode, the ink path over the long roller is interrupted by placing an ink roller in this compactor.

In the DE 24 40 757 A1 a color and a dampening unit is disclosed, wherein a front ink path and a fountain solution path can run over a same distribution cylinder. By stopping an inking roller with simultaneous contact all dampening rollers of the distribution cylinder is assigned to the dampening unit, assigned by stopping a dampening roller to the inking unit, but in the second case the dampening solution path is interrupted.

The invention has for its object to provide a highly flexible in terms of dyeing and / or moisture printing unit.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

In an advantageous embodiment, the ink passes from the first distribution cylinder via different possible ways either selectively or simultaneously (in series or in parallel) via two more distribution cylinders to the forme cylinder. As a result, the inking unit is very flexible convertible to printing conditions of different requirements. The same applies to the printing unit with regard to the optional assignment of a rubbing cylinder to the dampening or inking unit, as well as a choice between "pure" damp (direct) and indirect dampening, wherein color and dampening solution are already mixed on a distribution cylinder.

Also advantageous is an embodiment, wherein a rotary drive of the dampener by its own engine, in particular via a (corner) gearbox takes place. To simplify the drive train with respect. A on / off, the engine is advantageously arranged on a lever with.

By an advantageous arrangement of levers of two cooperating rollers, an easily adjustable, and yet the relative position to each other preserving design is created when adjusting.

For the ideal color flow through the printing unit is targeted in an advantageous embodiment - and z. B. depending on a printed image and / or a web width - color taken from the inking unit. This does not lead, especially in marginal areas, to a supersaturation of the inking unit with ink not removed.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine Übersicht über eine Druckmaschine;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung von Bahnen unterschiedlicher Breite;

Fig. 3

eine Druckeinheit;

Fig. 4

eine Betriebsweise eines Farbwerks;

Fig. 5

eine Betriebsweise eines Farbwerks;

Fig. 6

eine Oberflächenstruktur einer Filmwalze;

Fig. 7

eine Abnahmevorrichtung;

Fig. 8

eine Farbzuführung in das Farbwerk;

Fig. 9

ein Gestell der Druckeinheit mit Hauptantrieb und Feuchtwerkswalzen;

Fig. 10

eine Draufsicht auf das Gestell mit Abdeckungen und Anguss;

Fig. 11

eine Aufhängung und Antrieb von Feuchtwerkswalzen;

Fig. 12

eine Schrägansicht von Feuchtwerkswalzen;

Fig. 13

einen rotatorischen Antrieb einer axialbeweglichen Walze;

Fig. 14

einen Axialantrieb einer rotierbaren Walze;

Fig. 15

einen Antrieb der Druckwerkszylinder;

Fig. 16

einen Antrieb der Farbwerkswalzen.

Show it:

Fig. 1

an overview of a printing press;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of webs of different widths;

Fig. 3

a printing unit;

Fig. 4

an operation of an inking unit;

Fig. 5

an operation of an inking unit;

Fig. 6

a surface structure of a film roll;

Fig. 7

a removal device;

Fig. 8

an ink feed into the inking unit;

Fig. 9

a frame of the printing unit with main drive and dampening rollers;

Fig. 10

a top view of the frame with covers and sprue;

Fig. 11

a suspension and drive of dampening rollers;

Fig. 12

an oblique view of dampening rollers;

Fig. 13

a rotary drive of an axially movable roller;

Fig. 14

an axial drive of a rotatable roller;

Fig. 15

a drive of the printing cylinder;

Fig. 16

a drive of the inking rollers.

A printing press, in particular a web-fed rotary printing press for printing one or more webs B, has a plurality of assemblies 100; 200; 300; 450; 500; 600; 700; 800; 900 for supply, for printing and for further processing. From Z. B. a roll handling 100 to be duckled web B, in particular paper web B, unwound before it is fed via an infeed 200 one or more printing units 300. Additional printing units 300 can be provided for the printing units 300 (eg four pieces for four-color printing) provided by default for multi-color printing, which can then also be used, for example, alternately with one or more of the remaining printing units 300 for the flying printing form change.

In an advantageous embodiment, a coating unit 450 may be provided in the web path.

After printing and optionally painting, the web B passes through a dryer 500 and is optionally cooled again in a cooling unit 600, if the drying takes place in a thermal manner. After the dryer 500, in or after the cooling unit 600, at least one further, in Fig. 1 Not shown conditioning, such. B. a coating device and / or a Wiederbefeuchtung be provided. After cooling and / or conditioning, the web B can be fed via a superstructure 700 to a folding apparatus 800. The overbuilding 700 has at least one not in Fig. 1 illustrated silicone work, a longitudinal cutting and a turning device and a funnel unit. The said silicone work can also be before the superstructure 700, z. B. be arranged in the region of the cooling unit 600. The Überbaubau 700 can continue in Fig. 1 not shown Perforierwerk, a gluing unit, a numbering and / or a Pflugfalz have. After passing through the superstructure 700, the web B will become Part tracks are guided in a folder 800.

In an advantageous embodiment, the printing machine additionally has a separate cross cutter 900, z. B. a so-called. Plano boom 900, in which a, for example, not guided by the folder 800 web B cut into format sheets and possibly stacked or designed.

The aggregates 100; 200; 300; 450; 500; 600; 700; 800; 900 of the printing press have an effective width transversely to the transport direction T of the web B, which processing of webs B of a maximum width b ( Fig. 2 ) from Z. B. up to 1,000 mm allowed. Under effective width here is the respective width or clear width of the directly or indirectly cooperating with the web B components (eg, roller, cylinder, implementation, sensors, travel paths, etc.) of the units 100; 200; 300; 450; 500; 600; 700; 800; 900 so that the web B can be processed, conditioned and conveyed in its full width b. Furthermore, the aggregates 100; 200; 300; 450; 500; 600; 700; 800; 900 in their functionality (material supply, rail transport, sensors, further processing) designed such that even partial width webs B 'in the printing press down to a width b' of only 400 mm are processed.

The aggregates 100 defining or processing a section length a; 200; 300; 450; 500; 600; 700; 800; 900 are configured to define, for example, a section length a lying between 540 and 700 mm on the path B. Advantageously, the section length a is between 540 and 630 mm. In a specific embodiment, the section length a is 620 ± 10 mm. In development of the printing press, the units 100; 200; 300; 450; 500; 600; 700; 800; 900 designed so that with a few changes, the printing machine with optional section length 546 mm, 578 mm, 590 mm or 620 mm is executable. So is for the change, for example, essentially only an interchangeability of bearing elements for printing cylinder (see below), an adjustment of the drive (see below) and an adjustment in the folder 800 and the cross cutter 900 (see below) required to equip the same printing machine for mutually different formats. The section length a is, for example, standard with four stationary printed pages, z. B. DIN A4, in the transverse direction of the web B side by side and two printed pages (for example, a length s) in the longitudinal direction one behind the other. Depending on the printed image and subsequent further processing in the superstructure 700 and folder 800, however, other page numbers per section length a are possible.

For multicolor printing of web B; B 'the press has several, z. B. at least four, in particular five substantially equally equipped printing units 300. The printing units 300 are preferably arranged side by side and are of the web B; Go through B 'horizontally. The printing unit 300 is preferably used as a printing unit 300 for offset printing, in particular as a double printing unit 300 or as an I-printing unit 300 with two printing units 301, z. B. two offset printing units 301 executed for the two-sided printing in the so-called. Rubber-against-rubber operation. At least one of the printing units 300 are at least in the lower region, and optionally in the upper region, upstream and downstream rollers 302, by means of which an incoming web B; B 'can be guided around the printing unit 300 at the bottom or at the top, a web B guided around an upstream printing unit 300; B 'can be carried out by the printing unit 300, or a web B performed by the printing unit 300; B 'is guided around the downstream printing unit 300.

Fig. 3 shows schematically the arrangement of two over the web B; B 'co-operating printing units 301, each with one as a transfer cylinder 303 and designed as a forme cylinder 304 printing cylinder 303; 304 (in short: cylinder 303, 304), an inking unit 305 and a dampening unit 306. In an advantageous embodiment, the printing unit 300 has per form cylinder 304 devices for semi or fully automatic plate feeder 307 or change a printing forme 310th

In a further development, in particular if the printing press is to be suitable for an imprinting operation, at least one or more printing units 300 have additional guide elements 308 close to and after the nip point of the printing unit 300. If a printing unit 300 without printing and without contact between web B; B 'and transfer cylinders 303 are passed through, the dashed line is in Fig. 3 illustrated web guide using the guide elements 308 advantageous. The web B; B 'passes through the Nippstelle such that it forms with a connecting line of axes of rotation of the two transfer cylinders 303 substantially an angle of 80 ° to 100 °, for example about 90 °. The guide elements 308 are preferably designed as luftumspülte rods or rollers. This reduces the risk of abrasion of previously freshly printed paint.

In a further development of the illustrated printing unit 301, each transfer cylinder 303 is assigned a washing device 309. By means of the washing device 309, the elastic surface of the transfer cylinder 303 can be cleaned.

The cylinders 303; 304 each have a circumference between 540 and 700 mm, wherein preferably form and transfer cylinder 303; 304 have the same extent. Advantageously, the circumferences are between 540 and 630 mm. In a specific embodiment, the section length a is 620 ± 10 mm. In a further development, the printing unit 300 is designed in such a way that, with a few changes, cylinders 303; 304 with a circumference of 546 mm, 578 mm, 590 mm or 620 mm is executable. Thus, for example, only an exchange of bearing elements or a changed position of the holes in the side frame (and sprue; s.u.) For the cylinder 303; 304 and an adjustment of the drive (lever, s.u).

The transfer cylinder 303 has on its circumference at least one elevator, not shown, which is held in at least one axially extending on the lateral surface channel. Preferably, the transfer cylinder 303 has only one over the effective length or substantially over the entire printing width of the web B; B 'reaching and substantially (except for a shock or a channel opening) to the entire circumference of the transfer cylinder 303 reaching elevator. The elevator is preferably embodied as a so-called metal printing blanket, which has an elastic layer (eg rubber) on a substantially dimensionally stable carrier layer, eg. B. a thin metal plate having. The ends of this elevator are now introduced through an opening on the lateral surface in the channel and friction or held there form-fitting. In the case of a metal printing blanket, the ends are bent / folded (eg in the region of its leading end by approximately 45 ° and in the region of its trailing end by approximately 135 °). These ends extend through an opening of a channel extending axially over the entire width of the transfer cylinder 303, which, for example, likewise has a locking, clamping or tensioning device. The opening to the channel has in the region of the lateral surface in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 304 preferably a width of 1 to 5 mm, in particular less than or equal to 3 mm. The clamping is advantageously pneumatically actuated, z. B. as one or more pneumatically actuated lever, which are biased in the closed state by spring force against the reaching into the channel trailing end executed. As an actuating means, a pressurizable medium is preferably used hose.

The inking unit 305 has in addition to a color feeder, z. B. a color box 311 with a regulator 312 for regulating the flow of color, a plurality of rollers 313 to 325 on. The ink feed can also be designed as a doctor bar. The ink passes in juxtaposed rollers 313 to 325 from the ink fountain 311 on the ductor roller 313, the film roller 314 and a first ink roller 315 on a first distribution cylinder 316. From there, the color passes depending on the operation of the inking unit 305 (see below), at least an ink roller 317 to 320 on at least one further distribution cylinder 321; 324 and from there via at least one application roller 322; 323; 325 on the surface of the forme cylinder 304. In an advantageous embodiment, the color of the first distribution cylinder 316 passes through various possible ways either or simultaneously (in series or in parallel) via two further distribution cylinders 321; 324 to the applicator rollers 322; 323; 325th

As in Fig. 3 shown in phantom for the ink roller 317, this is in a first position (solid) brought, in which it decreases the color of the first distribution cylinder 316 and the second impression cylinder 324 and at least the applicator roll 325 to the forme cylinder 304. This path is in principle independent of below described paths of the color from the first distribution cylinder 316 or from the second distribution cylinder 324 via the inking roller 318 and a third distribution cylinder 321 to the forme cylinder 304. In a second position (shown in solid color) of the inking roller 317 (dashed lines) is this from the downstream distribution cylinder 324 turned off, the path of color over the second distribution cylinder 324 is interrupted. In an advantageous embodiment of the inking and dampening unit 305; 306, the second distribution cylinder 324 may simultaneously with a roller 328, z. B. applicator roller 328, the dampening unit 306 act together. On the second distribution cylinder 324 located fluid (ink and / or fountain solution), then - the rollers 324, 325, 328 and the cylinder 304 are adjusted to each other accordingly - are delivered simultaneously via the applicator roller 325 and 328 to the forme cylinder 304.

The ink roller 318 is also advantageous in two positions can be brought. In a first position (shown in solid line), the inking roller 318 removes the ink from the second dispensing cylinder 324, which receives the ink from the first dispensing cylinder 316 via the inking roller 317 (located in its first position). From the ink roller 318, the color, if necessary via further ink rollers 319; 320, a third distribution cylinder 321, and from there via at least one application roller 322; 323 fed to the forme cylinder 304. In a second position (dashed lines) of the inking roller 318, the ink is taken directly from the first rubbing cylinder 316. This second position of the inking roller 318 is particularly important when the inking roller 317 is in its second (dashed) position.

With the movable roller 317, if necessary, a first color path via two distribution cylinders 316; 324 between the first and second distribution cylinders 316; Interrupt 324.

With the movable applicator roll 318 can thus be a direct ink path via two arranged in series distribution cylinder 316; 321 or three serially arranged distribution cylinders 316; 321; 324 - the former irrespective of whether, in addition to this path, the o. G. first color path is realized via the second distribution cylinder 324 or not.

The forme cylinder 304 is conveyed via a first, front application path from the second distribution cylinder 324 via one or possibly two application rollers 325 (328) and a second, rearward application path from the third distribution cylinder 324 via one or more associated application rollers 322; 323 supplied with paint. The term "front" and "rear" order path refers to the order of contact upon rotation of the plate cylinder 304 after ink delivery to the transfer cylinder 303. *** "

As in Fig. 3 shown in phantom, the applicator roll 318 in a first position or position (dashed) can be brought, in which it decreases the color of the first distribution cylinder 316 and the applicator rolls 319; 320 feeds the second distribution cylinder 321. In a second position, the applicator roll 318 removes the ink from a third dispensing cylinder 324 which receives the ink from the first dispensing cylinder 316 via the ink roller 317. Thus, with the movable applicator roll 318, a direct path of color across two or three in-line distribution cylinders 316; 321; 324 realize - regardless of whether this way additionally and in parallel, a second path of the color over only two distribution cylinder 316; 324 is realized or not.

About the roller 318 is the inking behavior of the forme cylinder 304 through the inking unit 305 changeable and adjustable. In the first mode of operation, in which the roller 318 in the first position (dashed in Fig. 3 shown), more color is in the "back" order on the second set of rollers 319; 320; 321; 322; 323 (third distribution cylinder 321 and associated inking and application rollers 319, 320, 322, 323) and from there to the form cylinder 304 as in the mode of operation in which the roller 318 is in its second position. In the second mode of operation, the ink for the rear application path is only removed by the second distribution cylinder 324. Correspondingly, the ink application over the first group of rollers 324 is reduced or increased in a reverse manner; 325 and possibly 328 from the second distribution cylinder 324 forth to form cylinder 304.

Under the inking unit 305 and the dampening unit 306 associated rollers or Reibzylindern are, unless stated otherwise, here those rollers or distribution cylinders understood that in separately operated inking and dampening unit in its basic function, d. H. in this example, a distribution cylinder 329 in the dampening unit 306 and three distribution cylinders 316; 321; 324, are assigned in the inking unit 305 with separate dampening solution and inking.

As in Fig. 3 also indicated by dashed lines, the roller 328 is preferably brought into two operating positions, wherein they are employed in a first position (shown in solid line) as set forth above to the second distribution cylinder 324 and in a second position (shown in broken lines) of this , In this case, the contact can be produced by the application roller 328 of the dampening unit 306 onto the distribution cylinder 324 ("the inking unit" 305), where a color dampening solution emulsion is formed. In both positions, however, it acts with the plate cylinder 304 on the one, and with another roller 329 of the dampening unit 306, z. B. a friction roller 329, in particular a iridescent chrome roller 329 together. The chrome roller 329 receives the dampening solution from a moistening device, for. B. a roller 330, in particular a fountain roller 330, which in a dampening solution supply 332, z. B. a water tank, surfaced. Under the water tank a drip tray 335 is preferably arranged for collecting condensation forming on the water box, which can be heated in an advantageous embodiment, for. B. by means of heating coil is executed.

Under the mobility of the rollers 317; 318; 328 is not to be understood as the usual adjustability for adjustment purposes, but the operational mobility to change from one to the other operating position. Ie. Manual or actuatable actuating means and / or stops (eg adjustable) are provided for both the one and the other operating positions. Furthermore, there is a larger allowable travel or before the roller assembly is chosen so that the two layers can be reached by the usual travel.

In an advantageous embodiment, the chrome roller 329 and the roller 330 are each movable in a direction perpendicular to its axis, for. B. in levers, stored so that the position of the applicator roll 328 in o. G. Way is changeable.

The distribution cylinders 316; 321; 324 of the inking unit 305 and the roller 329 of the dampening unit 306 are in side frames (in Fig. 3 not shown) axially movably mounted so that they can exercise a traversing movement. The traversing movement takes place for the distribution cylinder 316; 321; 324 and the roller 329 coupled via corresponding gear coupled to the respective rotary drive. For the roller 328 and the applicator roll 323 a storage is also provided, which allows a traversing. In contrast to the former Reibzylindern 316; 321; 324 and the roller 329, however, the axial movement is caused only by friction of the cooperating lateral surfaces and not via a corresponding traversing gear. Optionally, such a degree of freedom enabling storage in the axial direction can also be provided for the two applicator rollers 322 and 325.

In the Fig. 3 illustrated continuous arrangement in the inking and dampening unit 305; 306 shows the intended for the "normal" printing operation interaction of the rollers 313 to 325 and 328-330. Color and dampening paths are in addition to the forme cylinder 304 and the second distribution cylinder 324 with each other. It takes place next to direct and indirect dampening.

In Fig. 4 is shown schematically (only for the upper printing unit 301) a mode of operation, wherein the roller 317 from the second distribution cylinder 324 is turned off (strichtliert shown), remains employed on the distribution cylinder 316 (shown in phantom), and is employed simultaneously in a development of the roller 314 , At the same time, the roller 318 is detached from the second distribution cylinder 324 and is set against the first distribution cylinder 316. The ink path thus takes place via the first and third distribution cylinders 316; 321. The application roller 328 of the dampening unit 306 is in contact with the second distribution cylinder 324 so that a dampening agent application takes place directly and over a total of five rollers 324, 325 and 328 to 330 (five-roller dampening unit). One of three friction cylinders 316; 321; 324 of the inking unit 305 and an applicator roll 325 can thus be assigned to the dampening unit 306 by adjustability of the roller 317 and optionally 318. This mode of operation of inking and dampening unit 305 is particularly suitable; 306 when operating with special colors, in particular for paints with high metallic contents, and / or if for other reasons (eg emulsifying behavior and / or unnecessary roll contamination) no indirect dampening should take place.

Fig. 5 shows schematically (only for the upper printing unit 301) a mode of operation, wherein the roller 328 from the second distribution cylinder 324 is turned off (shown in solid line), but remains employed on the roller 329 and on the forme cylinder 304. Moistening takes place only via the three rollers 328 to 330. In a variant, not shown, at the same time coloring over all rollers 322; 323; 325 of the inking unit 305 at employed applicator rollers 322; 323; 325. In the illustrated variant, however, the applicator rollers 322; 323; 325 parked by the forme cylinder 304 (indicated by arrows) and the drive of the inking unit 305th z. B. decoupled or shut down. Particularly suitable is the latter variant for the operating mode of inking and dampening unit 305; 306 in the so-called. Blind plate operation, ie when the associated form cylinder 304 or its printing form no image to be printed bears. Due to the adjustability of the roller 328 is thus a choice between a direct humidification in the "three-roller dampening unit" and - depending on the position of roller 317 - an indirect humidification or direct humidification in "FünfwalzenFeuchtwerk" possible.

In an advantageous embodiment of the inking unit 305, the juxtaposed rollers 313, 314 and 315 are arranged in such a way that in Anstelllage connections V1, V2 of the axes of rotation of the rollers 313 and 315, each with the axis of rotation of the roller 314 is substantially a right angle of about 90 °, d. H. 80 ° <α <100 °, in particular 85 ° <α <95 °. In an advantageous development forms a connection V3 between contact point, z. B. the point of contact of the actuator 312, on the roller 313 with the axis of rotation of the roller 313 also substantially a right angle, d. H. 80 ° <β <100 °, in particular 85 ° <β <95 °, for connecting the axes of rotation of the rollers 313 and 314. The angles α; β are oriented such that the three named imaginary connections V1, V2 and V3 together result in a "zig-zag pattern". This arrangement is particularly advantageous in terms of decoupling unwanted movements when applying radial forces and with regard to reduced contamination by paint mist.

In an advantageous embodiment, the arrangement of the rollers 313 and 314 is selected such that the axis of rotation of the roller 314 designed as a film roller 314 lies above the axis of rotation of the ductor roller 313. Generally speaking, the arrangement is chosen so that, taking into account the direction of rotation of the rollers 313; 314 the incoming side of the nip is lower than the outgoing side. With this arrangement, a hydrostatic wedge on the incoming side of the nip between the two rollers 313; 314 avoided, which press the rollers 313, 314 apart and to may cause uneven color transfer.

Of particular advantage, the film roller 314 is executed on its lateral surface with a surface structure 344, which only an average bearing surface 346, z. B. elevations 346, from 5 to 15%, in particular 5 to 11% in the effective range and intervening recesses 347; 348 has. The stated proportion of the bearing surface 346 on the entire effective lateral surface can in principle be implemented in a very wide variety of ways by evenly distributed recesses, cutouts, etc. of the most varied patterns. Fig. 6 schematically shows a particularly advantageous embodiment of the surface structure 344, which is easy to customize and also shows a favorable behavior in terms of recording and dispensing of color.

In this case, the surface structure 344 of the film roller 314 consists of two groups of grooves 347 extending in a straight line on the development of the roller 314; 348. The grooves 347; 348 of each groove subgroup parallel to each other and are evenly distributed over the peripheral surface of the film roll 314. The grooves 347 of the first groove subgroup extend at a helix angle y which is in the range of z. B. 20 ° and 40 °, in particular 25 ° and 35 °, is distributed relative to the longitudinal axis of the film roller 314 over the peripheral surface of the film roller 314. The grooves 348 of the second groove subgroup extend at a helix angle δ in the range of z. B. -25 ° and -35 °, in particular 28 ° and 38 °, relative to the longitudinal axis of the film roller 314. The grooves 347; 348 of the two groove subsets are arranged so that they intersect on the peripheral surface. By the intersecting grooves 347; 348 are between the grooves 347; 348 the diamond-shaped elevations 346 formed.

A depth t347; t348 of the grooves 347; 348 is, at least at its lowest point, advantageously 0.2 to 0.6 mm, the depths t347; t348 of the two grooves 347; 348 are preferably made substantially the same size. A width b347 of the grooves 347 is advantageously 1.0 to 1.8 mm, a width b348 of the grooves 348 advantageously 0.7 to 1.6 mm. The mutually parallel grooves 347; 348 should be spaced apart such that the side lengths of the diamond-shaped projections 346 on the one, longer side (eg, adjacent to the groove 348) are 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and on the other, shorter side (e.g. adjacent to the groove 347) is 0.4 to 0.7 mm.

The production of the grooves 347; 348 is carried out in an advantageous embodiment by removal of surface material 349, z. B. by milling. Preferably, they essentially have a circular arc section-shaped cross-section. This circular arc section in turn has for the wider grooves 347 z. Example, a radius in the range between about 0.6 and 1.0 mm, for the narrower grooves 348 between 0.4 and 0.8 mm. The grooves of the grooves 347 running on the lateral surface are then for example at a distance a347 of the center lines of 1.85 to 2.45 mm, the milling of the grooves 348 for example at a distance a348 of the center lines of 1.35 to 1.95 mm performed. The surface material 349 is, for example, as a plastic (for example polyamide), in particular as a sintered-coated plastic on a metallic roller base body 351, for. B. a metal pipe, not shown, with a preferred wall thickness of 7.0 to 12 mm executed. A thickness d349 (uninjured, that is in the region of the elevation 346) of the surface material 349 is advantageously 0.8 to 1.2 mm.

The inking unit 305 advantageously has, in addition to the mentioned rollers 313 to 325, at least one further roller 326, by means of which ink can be removed from the inking unit 305 in the ink path, in particular in front of the first distribution cylinder 316. This takes place by means of this roller 326 itself, or, as shown, on a roller 327 cooperating with this roller, a corresponding removal device 333 (FIG. Fig. 3 ).

Fig. 7 shows the removal device 333, as with the roller 327 (also possible roller 326, but adapted to the direction of rotation) cooperates. About the length of the roller 327 are a plurality of z. B. as stripping elements 334 executed sections 334, z. B. stripping elements 334.1 to 334.10, to the lateral surface adjustable. In particular, the removal device 333 has at least one such stripping element 334, at least in one edge region of the roller 327. In the region of a central zone 340 (inactive zone 340) of the roller 327 z. B. no stripping elements 334 provided. In a variant which is not shown, stripping elements 334 may also be provided in the zone 340, which, however, are adjusted or set as required such that they do not come into contact with the jacket surface when the removal device 333 is started. Depending on the arrival or stopping of one or more stripping elements 334, in particular in the edge region, can be taken in the corresponding portion of the roller 327 color and z. B. collected in a container 336 and recycled in a further development of the ink supply. This section represents a zone 331, in particular contact zone 331, which is active with respect to the color removal. The roller 327 thus becomes colored in this section of the roller 315, and thus also approximately in the subsequent ink path up to the forme cylinder 304 (partly also via reverse coloring) withdrawn (sink). By placing certain stripping elements 334 from the respective edge section of the roller 327, a color flow in the inking unit 305 can thus be reduced to a web width b; b 'of the web B to be printed; B 'are set. In the embodiment according to Fig. 7 From each edge region of the roller 327, a group of several stripping elements 334, in this case five stripping elements 334.1 to 334.5 and 334.6 to 334.10, are arranged next to one another substantially flush with one another. Between the two groups, a section (corresponding to a minimum width b 'of a web B' to be printed) without stripping elements 334 may be provided.

The stripping elements 334 are in the embodiment according to Fig. 7 are arranged on a common spindle 337 and by pivoting the spindle 337 by means of a drive 338, here on both sides depending on an actuatable cylinder with pressure means 338, on or off. The definition of the effective stripping elements 334 takes place here via the manual placement of knives 339 via respective adjusting means 341, z. B. Lever mechanisms 341. The placement of the knife 339 can in an advantageous development, however, also by individual drives, for example by means of small pressure medium cylinder, magnetic, piezoelectric or motor, take place. Advantageous here are remotely operated drives, for example, from a control room and / or a machine control ago.

In one embodiment, not shown, the stripping elements 334 are not turned on or off altogether, but a place is done for each stripping element 334 individually, z. B. by individual drives, for example by means of small pressure cylinder, magnetic, piezoelectric or motor. Remote-operated drives, for example from a control station and / or a machine control, are also advantageous here.

In connection with the variant or design with remotely operable drives, a procedure described below in the setting of the inking unit 305 is advantageous: when adjusting the color flow to the product and / or the width b; b 'of the web B to be printed; B ', the ink flow from the ink fountain 311 into the inking unit 305 is made zone by zone by setting passage gaps between the ink fountain 311 and the first roller 313 (FIG. Fig. 8 ). This is done z. B. remotely operated by placing colorimeters 343 by means of Fig. 8 not shown drives. If a centrally running web B 'printed, which is only partially wide, z. B. basically each side of the roller 313 at least one of the color meter 343 closed. The number of basically due to the web width to be closed color meter 343 depends on the width b; b 'of the web B; B '. In addition, of course, depending on the print image, ie the color requirement in the respective zones of the area to be printed, colorimeter may be closed.

The width of the web B; B 'dependent basic setting is now in an advantageous embodiment by the machine control automatically depending on the made of printing web width. This information is z. In the product information and / or reel changer 100. The information about the web width or the information about closed color meter 343 is now used to control the above drives for the individually operable stripping elements 334 or knife 339. Based on this information, the wiper elements 334 or knife 339 to be closed are determined and the corresponding drives are activated. The control of colorimeters 343 on one side and the knife 339 or stripping elements 334 on the other side may be based on common information - e.g. B. over the web width - also done in parallel.

The cylinders 303; 304 and the rollers 313 to 330 of inking and dampening unit 305; 306 are each frontally in or on side frames 352; 353 or frame walls 352; Stored 353 (see Fig. 9 ). Exemplary are in Fig. 9 however, only the rollers 329 and 330 with their fastening and drive mimics described in more detail below, as well as the main drive 354 of the printing unit 300 also explained below, are shown.

One of the frame walls 352; 353, in particular that on the side of the main drive 354, is one or more parts designed such that a lockable cavity 356, z. B. lubricant space 356, can be formed, which extends at least over an area, the front side all cylinders 303; 304 and rotatably driven rollers covered. As in Fig. 10 shown schematically, a detachable cover 357 is provided for the cavity 356 frontally. The other frame wall 352 forms with a detachable, front side arranged cover 358 a cavity 359, in which inter alia, the switching and control devices 361 (dashed lines), z. B. in the form of a cabinet 361, the printing unit 300 are housed. The frontal arrangement of the switching and control devices 361, in contrast to the arrangement between the printing units 300 gives the advantage that the space between two printing units 300 can be walked on from both sides. One operating page of the printing press is thus freely selectable. This will continue supports that a longitudinal cross-piece 362 connecting the printing units 300 can optionally be arranged on the frame wall 352 or 353.

A longitudinal cross-piece 362 connecting the printing units 300 is attached to one of the frame walls 352; 353, z. B. optionally, arranged.

On the cylinders 303; 304 facing side, the frame walls 352; 353 each one from the flight of the respective frame wall 352; 353 outstanding approach 363 on. The projection 363 is advantageously integral with the side frame 352; 353 and is preferably produced in the production in a mold as so-called. Sprue 363. The sprue 363 points through it and the flight of the frame wall 352; 353 reaching holes for receiving bearings, not shown. The sprue 363 extends, in particular contiguous, over the frontal region of the forming and transfer cylinders 303; 304, but not over frontal areas of iridescent and / or changeable inking or dampening rollers.

The rollers 329 and 330 are inside on the frame walls 352; 353 in levers 364; 366 about a pivot axis S329 parallel to the respective axis of rotation; S330 pivoted (see Fig. 11 ). Here, the pivot axis S329 coincides with the rotational axis of the roller 330 and is moved with pivoting of the lever 364 with the roller 330. The pivot axis S330 of the roller 330 is fixed to the frame. Also with the respective lever 364; 366 connected and with the respective roller 329; 330 is moved per roller 329; 330 a rotary single drive 367; 368, in particular a drive motor 367; 368, provided which z. B. via a corner or bevel gear 369; 371 (see Fig. 12 ) the respective roller 329; 330 mechanically independently rotatably drives individually. The drive motor 367; 368 is preferably as with respect to the speed controllable (in particular continuously) electric motor 367; 368, in particular three-phase motor 367; 368 executed. The setting of the speeds or the humidification can advantageously from the control center, z. B. from the color control desk take place, where it is displayed. In a preferred embodiment, the machine control is a correlation between machine speed and dampening or speed deposited by which the speed of the two rollers 329; 330, in particular the roller 330, can be predetermined.

The lever 366 of the roller 330 may have an adjustable stop 365, by means of which it is supported in an adjusting position of the dampening unit 306 against a stop 370 of the applicator roller 328 cooperating with the roller 329.

The respective lever 364; 366 is driven by a drive 372; 373, in particular pressurizable cylinders 372; 373, swiveling. The rollers 329; 330 are preferably on both sides in corresponding levers 364; 366 each with drives 372; 373 for the pivoting movement on the two frame walls 352; Stored 353 (see Fig. 11 ).

The roller 329 has on the end opposite the rotary drive a traverse drive 374, in particular a gear 374 for generating an axial traversing movement from the rotational movement. This gear 374 is preferably arranged outside the roller body in order to avoid selective generation of frictional heat in the roller 329. In an advantageous embodiment, the gear 374 is on the drive side of the printing unit 300, ie in the same frame wall 353 as the main drive 354 and / or a drive train of the printing cylinder, the rotary drive of the rollers 329 and 330, however, on the opposite side, ie in Area of the frame wall 352. If the cavity 356 is designed as a lubricant chamber 356, so the transmission 374 may be arranged as an open, not specially lubricated transmission 374 in this. The roller 329 is on the side remote from the transmission 374 on a with the motor shaft via the corner gear 369 and an angle-compensating coupling 375, z. B. a curved tooth coupling, and a shaft 376 via z. B. as a bearing 377, in particular thrust bearing, trained coupling means 377th such that a rotational movement is transmitted, but an axial movement of the roller 329 with respect to the shaft 376 is possible ( Fig. 13 ). The bearing 377 is advantageously designed as a torque transmitting ball bushing, wherein balls z. B. both in longitudinal grooves of the shaft 376 and bearing body run, transmit a torque, but hold the bearing body relative to the shaft 376 axially movable. The bearing body is, for example, secured against rotation with the roller body of the roller 329.

Fig. 14 shows an advantageous embodiment of the transmission 374 in the region of the other end face of the roller 329, which is basically based on the function of a cam mechanism with a curved circumferential groove 400 and an engaging stop 401 is formed. An outer sleeve 378 with internal teeth is fixedly connected to the lever 364 and carries the stop 401 (or the groove 400). Via a flexible but torsionally rigid connection 379 (articulated or flexible) is an inner sleeve 381, which carries the groove 400 (or the stopper 401), connected to a toothed ring 380 with external teeth. The toothed ring 380 is rotatably mounted on an eccentric 382, which is torsionally rigid but eccentric to the axis of rotation of the roller 329 via a shaft 385 connected thereto. As the roller 329 rotates, the eccentric 382 revolves and rolls the toothed ring 380 in the lever-fixed internal toothing, with the inner sleeve 381 being set in rotation with respect to the lever-fixed outer sleeve 378. A reduction ratio between the rotation of the roller 329 and the inner sleeve 381 is determined by the teeth ratio between the inner teeth and the toothed ring 380. The forced by the curve of the groove 400 axial movement of the inner sleeve 381 is transmitted to the roller 329 as a traversing movement on the compressible and tensile connection 379, a compressible and tensile bearing between eccentric 382 and ring gear 380 and the shaft 385.

That to the arrangement of the iridescent roller 329 or the roller 330 in levers 364; 366, the rotary single drive above the lever 364; 366 associated Drive motors 367; 368 possibly via corner gear 369; 371 and in the case of traversing the arrangement of drive motor 367; 368 and traversing gear 374 on the described sides of the machine can be transferred in the same way to one or more of the rollers of the inking unit 305 and should also be understood.

As in Fig. 9 already recognizable, the drive of the cylinder 303 takes place; 304 of the printing unit 300 via a main drive 354, z. B. a frame-fixed electric motor 354, in particular via a respect to its angular position adjustable electric motor 354, which is advantageously carried out water-cooled. In Fig. 15 the arrangement of the drive is viewed from the frame wall 353 ago viewed from the outside. The electric motor 354 drives with his not in Fig. 15 visible pinion 383 (dashed arrow) not directly on a drive wheel 386; 387 one of the cylinders 303; 304, but via an intermediate gear 384. The idler 384 is mounted in a lever 388, which is mounted pivotably about a rotation axis R383 of the pinion 383 in principle. With a fixed position of the electric motor 354 with respect to the frame wall 353 of the frame can be done for different sized printing units 300 in a simple manner to adapt to different cylinder circumferences (and thus different circumferences of the drive wheels 386, 387). Depending on the format of the printing unit 300, the lever 388 is pivoted during assembly so that the intermediate gear 384 in optimal engagement with the respective drive wheel 386; 387 stands. Advantageously, fixing elements 389, z. B. Bolt 389 and corresponding, not shown bores (on the drive unit and / or in the frame wall 353) is provided, by means of which the aligned lever 388 can be fixed after assembly in the relevant position with respect to the frame wall 353 and / or the electric motor 354. Preferably, in the manufacture of the components in the factory already prepared for the relevant format holes are prepared. In a printing unit 300 or printing machine for a first format (section length a), the lever 388 is fixed in a different angular position relative to the vertical than in a printing unit 300 or printing machine for a second format (section length a), wherein the electric motor 354 its position with respect to the frame wall 353.

Basically, the drive from the idler 384 to any of the drive wheels 386; 387 done. Preferably, however, the drive initially takes place on the drive wheel 387 of one of the two forme cylinders 304. From there, the drive wheel 386 of the associated transfer cylinder 303 is driven from there to the other transfer cylinder 303 and ultimately to the second forme cylinder 304. The drive wheels 386; 387 are rotatable, z. B. via pins, with the respective cylinder 303; 304 connected. By means of the two forming cylinders 304 further rotatably connected further drive wheels 391, the rotary drive is effected on one or more rollers 313 to 327 of the associated inking unit 305. Advantageously, from the forme cylinder 304 forth the distribution cylinder 316; 321; 324 rotationally driven via a positive drive connection, the ductor roller 313 has its own rotary drive, for. B. a separate, mechanically independent drive motor, not shown, on. The remaining rollers 314; 315; 317 to 320, 322; 323 and 325 to 327 of the inking unit 305 are rotationally driven only via friction (and optionally axially, see above).

From the drive wheel 391 is advantageously via an intermediate 392 on drive wheels 393; 394 of the two distribution cylinders 321; 324 driven ( Fig. 16 ). The idler gear 392 is preferably designed to be engaged or disengageable, so that the corresponding drive train and the forme cylinder 304 are mechanically separated from one another (the unillustrated drive train in the lower printing unit 301 takes place correspondingly). From the drive wheel 393 of the friction cylinder 324 is driven via a further intermediate gear 395 to a drive wheel 396 of the friction cylinder 316. The drive or intermediate wheels 392 to 396 are preferably designed as gears 392 to 396. The drive connections are designed such that an axial movement of the distribution cylinders 316; 321; 324 is possible.

As in Fig. 3 indicated and already mentioned above, the printing unit 301 in an advantageous embodiment in each case the device 307 to - at least partially automated change of a printing plate 310 on the associated forme cylinder 304. The device is designed in two parts and has one in the region of a nip between form and transfer cylinder 303; 304 arranged pressing device 397, also called "Wechselhalbautomat" 397, and a structurally separate magazine 398 with feeding and receiving devices for the printing plates 310 on.

Furthermore, in an advantageous development, the printing unit 300 has a device for influencing the fan-out effect 399, ie for influencing a change in the transverse extent / width of the web B from printing location to printing location caused, for example, by the printing process (in particular the moisture). For this purpose, at least one nozzle is arranged on a truss in such a way that from her escaping gas, in particular air, on the web B; B 'is directed. The web B; B 'is more or less wavy when passing through this area, depending on the magnitude of the current, resulting in a correction of the width b; b 'and the lateral alignment of each sub-area of the printed image result.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

Aggregate, roll handling, roll changer

200

Aggregate, intake mechanism

300

Unit, printing unit, double printing unit, I-unit

301

Printing unit, offset printing unit

302

roller

303

Cylinder, printing cylinder, transfer cylinder

304

Cylinder, printing cylinder, form cylinder

305

inking

306

dampening

307

Devices for semi or fully automatic plate feeding

308

vane

309

washer

310

printing form

311

Ink feed, color box

312

locking device

313

Roller, ductor roller

314

Roller, film roller

315

Roller, ink roller

316

Roller, distribution cylinder

317

Roller, ink roller

318

Roller, ink roller

319

Roller, ink roller

320

Roller, ink roller

321

Roller, distribution cylinder

322

Roller, applicator roller

323

Roller, applicator roller

324

Roller, distribution cylinder

325

Roller, applicator roller

326

roller

327

roller

328

Roller, applicator roller

329

Roller, rubbing roller, chrome roller

330

Roller, diver roller

331

Contact zone, effective zone

332

Dampening solution supply

333

removal device

334

Section, stripping element

335

forming plate

336

container

337

spindle

338

Drive, cylinder

339

knife

340

ineffective zone

341

Adjusting means, lever mechanism

342

-

343

colorimeter

344

surface structure

345

-

346

Surface, elevation

347

Recess, groove

348

Recess, groove

349

surface material

350

-

351

Roller body

352

Side frame, frame wall

353

Side frame, frame wall

354

Main drive, electric motor, adjustable

355

-

356

Cavity, lubricant space

357

cover

358

cover

359

cavity

360

-

361

Switching and control devices, switch cabinet

362

Main beam

363

Approach, sprue

364

lever

365

Stop (366)

366

lever

367

Single drive, drive motor, three-phase motor

368

Single drive, drive motor, three-phase motor

369

Corner or angular gear

370

Stop (366)

371

Corner or angular gear

372

Drive, cylinder

373

Drive, cylinder

374

Gear, traction drive

375

clutch

376

wave

377

Bearings, coupling agents

378

rifle

379

Connection, flexible but torsionally rigid

380

toothed ring

381

rifle

382

eccentric

383

pinion

384

idler

385

wave

386

drive wheel

387

drive wheel

388

lever

389

Fixing element, bolt

390

-

391

drive wheel

392

Intermediate gear

393

Drive wheel, gear

394

Drive wheel, gear

395

Intermediate gear

396

Drive wheel, gear

397

Pressing device, half-automatic change machine

398

magazine

399

Device for influencing the fan-out effect

400

groove

401

attack

402 to 449

-

450

Aggregate, coating unit

500

Aggregate, dryer

600

Aggregate, cooling unit

700

Aggregate, superstructure

800

Aggregate, folder

900

Aggregate, sheeter, plano boom

334.1

stripping element

334.2

stripping element

334.3

stripping element

334.4

stripping element

334.5

stripping element

334.6

stripping element

334.7

stripping element

334.8

stripping element

334.9

stripping element

334.10

stripping element

a

section length

s

length

b

Width (B)

b '

Width (B ')

B

Railway, paper web

B '

Railway, paper web

T

transport direction

R383

axis of rotation

S329

swivel axis

S330

swivel axis

V1

connection

V2

connection

V3

connection

A347

distance

A348

distance

B347

width

B348

width

D349

Strength

T347

depth

t348

depth

α

angle

β

angle

y

angle of twist

δ

angle of twist

Claims (5)

1. A printing couple of a printing press with a forme cylinder (304) and an inking unit (305), which has a first, a second and a third distributor cylinder (316; 321; 324) as well as a plurality of inking and application rollers (315; 317; 318; 319; 320; 322; 323; 325), wherein a first forward application path - with respect to the sequence of the applications of ink onto the rotating forme cylinder (304) - for the ink is capable of being formed from the first distributor cylinder (316) by way of the second distributor cylinder (324) and a second rearward application path for the ink is capable of being formed the third distributor cylinder (321), and with a dampening unit (306) which has at least one separate distributor cylinder (329) different from the three named distributor cylinders (316; 321; 324) as well as at least one application roller (328), wherein dampening agent is capable of being supplied along a dampening-agent path from a moistening device and the distributor cylinder (329) of the dampening unit (306) to the forme cylinder (304) by way of the application roller (328), characterized in that the second distributor cylinder (324) is capable of being selectively associated with the inking unit (305) alone, with the dampening unit (306) alone and with the inking unit (305) and the dampening unit (306) jointly whilst maintaining the dampening-agent path by changing rollers (317; 328) in accordance with the operation.
2. A printing couple according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one inking roller (317; 318) is arranged so as to be movable in the inking unit (305) in such a way and the application roller (328) is arranged so as to be movable in the dampening unit (306) in such a way that depending upon the position of the said rollers (317; 318; 328) the second distributor cylinder (324) is associated in one manner of operation with the ink application alone, in another manner of operation with the ink application and the dampening-agent application and in a third manner of operation with the dampening-agent application alone.
3. A printing couple according to Claim 1, characterized in that depending upon the association of the second distributor cylinder (324) the dampening unit (306) constructed in the form of a three-roller dampening unit is designed so as to be capable of being enlarged to a five-roller dampening unit.
4. A printing couple according to Claim 1, characterized in that the application rollers (322; 323) of the rear application path are capable of being set off from the forme cylinder (304).
5. A printing couple according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inking unit (305) and the dampening unit (306) are capable of being changed by movable rollers (317; 318; 322; 323; 324; 328) between a normal operation, in which the ink application and the dampening-agent application inter alia take place jointly by way of the second distributor cylinder (324), a dummy-plate operation, in which the first and the second application path for the ink flow are interrupted and dampening takes place by way of the dampening unit (306) and the second distributor cylinder (324), and a special production, in which dampening takes place by way of the dampening unit (306) and the second distributor cylinder (324) and inking-in takes place only by way of the rear application path.

Images