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EP1848948A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number
EP1848948A1
EP1848948A1 EP05822077A EP05822077A EP1848948A1 EP 1848948 A1 EP1848948 A1 EP 1848948A1 EP 05822077 A EP05822077 A EP 05822077A EP 05822077 A EP05822077 A EP 05822077A EP 1848948 A1 EP1848948 A1 EP 1848948A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cooling medium
exchanger according
filter
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05822077A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1848948B1 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Seidler
Walter Angelis
Wolfgang Laufer
Francisco Rojo Lulic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Papst Licensing GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ebm Papst St Georgen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebm Papst St Georgen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Ebm Papst St Georgen GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1848948A1 publication Critical patent/EP1848948A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1848948B1 publication Critical patent/EP1848948B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0231—Header boxes having an expansion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05375—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/01—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using means for separating solid materials from heat-exchange fluids, e.g. filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger for cooling a cooling medium, in particular in an electrical / electronic device.
  • this object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 1.
  • the risk of coolant escaping and causing damage to the electronics is reduced.
  • the hollow volume of the cooling circuit automatically adapts to the variable volume of the cooling medium, which is located in the cooling circuit, so that regardless of the operating position of the heat exchanger, the formation of gas bubbles in the cooling medium is prevented. This allows safe cooling even after the heat exchanger has temporarily occupied an unusual operating position, for example during transport.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of such a heat exchanger is the subject of claim 30. With very low cost, it prevents problems and damage due to impurities in the cooling medium.
  • the preferred embodiment according to claim 31 results in a compact, robust and cost-saving design.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a heat exchanger according to the invention and its arrangement in a cooling circuit by way of example
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the detail II of Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the detail III of Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5, seen in the direction of arrow VI of FIG. 5,
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 are perspective views of the membrane used in the heat exchanger according to FIGS. 1 to 6 and the spring element connected to it, and
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view, as seen in the direction of the arrow Xl of Fig. 10,
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger 130 ', which is provided with an integrated large-area filter,
  • FIG. 15 shows a section through the upper part of the heat exchanger 120 'illustrated in FIG. 13,
  • FIG. 16 shows a section analogous to FIG. 15; FIG. in this variant, the filter 170 is arranged and fixed differently than in Figs. 15, and
  • 17 is a sectional detail view of the filter and the seal of FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a heat exchanger 20. This has in a known manner flat cooling tubes 22 which are flowed through in operation by a cooling medium 24 and which are connected in a heat-conducting manner with zigzag arranged cooling plates 26.
  • the upper tank 30 is liquid-tightly connected to the heat exchanger 20 by means of a flare connection 44. He has an upper wall 46 (Fig. 3), which here in one piece with the partition wall 32 is formed. In it are recesses, namely a recess 48 above the drain-side space 36 and a recess 50 above the inflow-side space 34th
  • a flexible membrane 54 on which rests a flat spring assembly 56 made of stainless spring steel.
  • This spring assembly 56 is connected to the membrane 54, e.g. by vulcanization.
  • the spring assembly 56 may also be vulcanized into the membrane 54 in order to protect it particularly well against corrosion.
  • the membrane 54 and the spring assembly 56 are held at its outer edge by the edge 58 of a cover 60 fluid-tight. Likewise, they are held firmly in the middle by a web 61 of the lid 60, vg. Fig. 3. In the space 62 between the lid 60 and the membrane 54 is air or an inert gas, e.g. Nitrogen.
  • an inert gas e.g. Nitrogen.
  • the upper tank 30 has an inlet 64, and through this cooling medium 24 flows in the direction of an arrow 66 to the inlet-side chamber 34. From there it flows through the local pipes 22 to the lower tank 40, and from there through the left in Fig. 1 pipes 22 upward to the drain-side chamber 36. Naturally, in some cases, the flow direction may be reversed.
  • the cooling medium flows through a drain 68 in the direction of an arrow 70 to a heat sink 74, which is in heat conductive connection with an electronic component 76 which is disposed on a printed circuit board 78 and is powered by these.
  • the cooling medium is heated, and the heated cooling medium is fed back to the inlet 66 by a driven by an electric motor 80 circulating pump 82.
  • the heat exchanger 20 is cooled by means of a fan 84 by air, which is indicated only very schematically.
  • FIG. 5 to 7 show the structure of the spring assembly 56. This is formed by the fact that in a thin sheet of spring steel, a left spiral recess 90 and a right spiral recess 92 are incorporated, whereby on the left a larger coil spring 94 is formed, which is the larger Chamber 36 is assigned, and on the right a smaller coil spring 96 which is associated with the smaller chamber 34.
  • the chambers 34, 36 are filled up to the membrane 54 with cooling medium 24. If this expands, the membrane 54 bulges above the recesses 48, 50 upwards, whereby the springs 94, 96 prevent the membrane 54 from being bulged and damaged at individual points.
  • the membrane 54 bulges downward through the recesses 48, 50, whereby the springs 94, 96 also provide a uniform deflection.
  • Fig. 8 shows a surge tank 110 having only a single port 112 through which coolant is added or removed during operation.
  • the container 110 has at the bottom a pot 114, at the upper end of an outwardly projecting flange 116 is provided, in which an annular groove 118 is located. In this engages a belonging to an elastic membrane 121 sealing bead 120, which is pressed by a cover 122 sealingly into the annular groove 118.
  • the attachment of the lid 122 on the pot 114 as known, not shown.
  • the elastic membrane 121 is pressed in the manner shown in the middle by a spring 124 acted upon by a plunger 126 down. Above the plunger 126 protrudes through an opening 128 in the lid 122 and is there provided with a scale 130 for pressure indication. This plunger 126 facilitates venting, e.g. after a repair. Again, the space below the membrane 121 is completely filled with coolant, ie without air bubbles.
  • Figs. 9 to 12 show a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the same or similar parts as in Figs. 1 to 8 are usually denoted by the same reference numerals as there and not described again.
  • FIG. 9 shows an overview image analogous to FIG. 1.
  • the heated cooling fluid from the heat receiver 74 is fed via a line 66 to the inlet 64 of the heat exchanger 120 supplied, where it is cooled. From the outlet 68, it flows via a line 70 to a unit 140.
  • the fan and the circulation pump are driven by the same electric motor, cf. for example WO2004 / 031588A1 of the Applicant.
  • the cooling channels 22, cooling plates 26, etc. are the same structure as in the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • the heat exchanger tank 130 is made as a molded piece of a thermoplastic material by injection molding.
  • This tank 130 has an inwardly projecting flange 48, and on top of these flanges 48 is molded a flexible membrane 154 of TPE (thermoplastic elastomer) as a soft component in a second injection molding step. This process is also referred to as 2K injection molding.
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer
  • the weld is designated 155.
  • Thermoplastic silicone elastomers which are based on a two-phase block copolymer (polydimetylsiloxane urea copolymer) are preferably suitable for the membrane 154. Possibly.
  • a TPE-A polyether block amide
  • TPE-A polyether block amide
  • the cover 60 is used as an additional security, which has a downwardly projecting portion 58, which in the area 156, so along the entire periphery of the diaphragm 154, rests with pressure on the welded edge of the diaphragm 154.
  • the outer edge 158 of the lid 60 is connected to the upper edge 160 of the tank 130, for example by laser welding, gluing, screwing, or by a latching connection.
  • Fig. 12 shows a connection by means of a notch 166 and a projecting edge 168, which are connected by laser welding.
  • laser welding results in the space 162 between the cover 60 and the diaphragm 154 is a closed air cushion, which supports the diaphragm 154 upwards and thereby mechanically relieved. If too much oxygen diffuses through the plastic walls into the cooling system, it oxidizes the corrosion inhibitors contained in the coolant, and it may form gas bubbles, which can lead to malfunction in the cooling system, possibly even to a failure of the cooling system. If too much coolant diffuses through the plastic walls to the outside, at the required service life (often about 60,000 hours) at some point too little coolant left in the system, so this can still work, and then there is also a failure.
  • polyphenyloxid (PPO) glass fiber reinforced, possibly also polypropylene (PP), also glass fiber reinforced.
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • PA-HTN a temperature stabilized polyamide
  • PA is very good for a laser welding, PPS a little less good. If suitable, therefore, PA is preferred, also for reasons of price.
  • the heat exchanger 120 can also work as a surge tank to compensate for changes in volume of the coolant, as they are inevitable after prolonged operation and as they can also occur due to temperature fluctuations.
  • FIG. 13 shows a heat exchanger 120 'with integrated filter 170.
  • this filter 170 has filter openings 172, which are e.g. B. on the inlet side 36 (in Fig. 13 right) may be greater than on the drain side 34 to first coarse filtering and then to achieve a fine filtering.
  • the part of the filter 170 that performs the coarse filtering could also be called a sieve.
  • the filter 170 may be made of metal or plastic and is attached to the underside of the container 130 ', as shown in FIG. B. in two-component injection molding.
  • Fig. 16 shows an alternative in which the filter 170 is connected to the seal 44a to form a structural unit. This can be achieved, for example, by vulcanization.
  • the filter 170 filters cooling medium, which flows via the inlet 64 into the container 130 'and from there into the flat tubes 22 of the heat exchanger 20 downwards. As a result, coarse dirt is retained on the right part of the filter 170.
  • the cooling medium flows through the left half of the flat tubes 22 from bottom to top, being filtered by the left half of the filter 170, so that coolant flows through the drain 68 to the pump 140 ( Figure 9), which is doubly filtered.
  • the resulting machining chips can not be completely removed without reducing the efficiency of the heat absorber 74.
  • the invention avoids such problems. It is particularly advantageous that one obtains a large filter area by the invention and can thus avoid an additional filter housing.
  • chips and dirt particles which dissolve in the heat receiver and in the heat exchanger are reliably retained on the filter 170 on the downstream side before they flow into the pump 140.
  • the large filter area in relation to the accumulated amount of dirt prevents clogging of the filter and excessive pressure drop of the cooling medium in the circuit.
  • the invention thus avoids the need to provide a separate filter housing including hose connections, which saves costs. Also, no space for a separate filter housing and the necessary hose connections is needed, allowing a compact design. Finally, chips which dissolve out of the heat absorber 74 and the heat exchanger 20, in the illustrated arrangement of the filter, namely in the heat exchanger tank, do not get into the pump 140, because this is arranged in the flow direction behind the heat exchanger 20 and in front of the heat absorber 74. Also, at no other point in the overall system, the filter surface could be made so large without significant additional costs. Clogging of the fine structures of the heat absorber 74 is therefore easily avoided or severely hampered, as is blocking the circulation pump 140.
  • FIG. 17 shows a detailed sectional view of the filter 170 and the seal 44a of FIG. 16.
  • the seal 44a is preferably deformed to effect a good seal, see FIG. Fig. 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus may include a heat exchanger and an equalizing vessel for equalizing changes in coolant volume. The heat exchanger may include an inflow for delivering coolant to the heat exchanger and an outflow for discharging coolant from the heat exchanger. The equalizing vessel may be closed off by a flexible membrane that follows changes in volume of the coolant. The equalizing vessel may include a first chamber that is in liquid communication with the inflow of the heat exchanger and a second chamber that is in liquid communication with the outflow of the heat exchanger. A filter may also be provided to filter the coolant.

Description

Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher für die Kühlung eines Kühlmediums, insbesondere in einem elektrischen/elektronischen Gerät.The invention relates to a heat exchanger for cooling a cooling medium, in particular in an electrical / electronic device.
In einem mit Kühlmedium gefüllten, geschlossenen Kühlsystem kommt es bei Temperaturänderungen und auch durch Permeation, z.B. durch Schlauchwände, zu einer Volumenänderung des Kühlmediums. Für diese muss ein Ausgleich gefunden werden, der dafür sorgt, dass im System keine oder nur geringe Druckänderungen auftreten.In a closed cooling system filled with cooling medium, temperature changes and also permeation, e.g. through tube walls, to a volume change of the cooling medium. For these a balance must be found, which ensures that in the system little or no pressure changes occur.
Derartige Volumenänderungen können mittels eines so genannten Ausgleichsbehälters gepuffert werden. Dieser verursacht aber zusätzliche Kosten und erhöht auch das Risiko, dass Kühlmedium nach außen leckt.Such volume changes can be buffered by means of a so-called surge tank. However, this causes additional costs and also increases the risk that cooling medium leaks to the outside.
Ein wichtiges Problem bei Wärmetauschern für elektronische Geräte ist, dass deren exakte Betriebslage nicht im Voraus bekannt ist. Das gilt nicht zuletzt für den Transport zum Kunden, weil solche Kühlsysteme bereits beim Hersteller mit Kühlmedium gefüllt werden und man nicht voraussagen kann, welche Lage sie beim Transport einnehmen werden. Ebenso gilt das bei der Verwendung in Fahrzeugen aller Art (Flugzeuge, Schiffe, Landfahrzeuge, Fahrzeuge im Zustand der Schwerelosigkeit). Deshalb muss die Betriebssicherheit in allen denkbaren Betriebslagen gewährleistet sein. Würde sich im Kühlkreislauf Flüssigkeit mit Gas vermischen, so wäre ein sicherer Betrieb einer Umwälzpumpe nicht mehr gewährleistet, wodurch die Kühlleistung rapide abnehmen könnte. Das würde dann sehr rasch dazu führen, dass das zu kühlende elektronische Bauteil entweder sich selbst abschaltet, oder durch den Temperaturanstieg zerstört wird.An important problem with heat exchangers for electronic devices is that their exact operating position is not known in advance. This applies not least to the transport to the customer, because such cooling systems are already filled with cooling medium at the manufacturer and one can not predict which position they will occupy during transport. The same applies to the use in vehicles of all kinds (aircraft, ships, land vehicles, vehicles in the state of weightlessness). Therefore, the operational safety must be guaranteed in all conceivable operating situations. If liquid were mixed with gas in the cooling circuit, safe operation of a circulating pump would no longer be guaranteed, as a result of which the cooling capacity could decrease rapidly. This would then very quickly lead to the electronic component to be cooled either switching itself off or being destroyed by the rise in temperature.
Es ist deshalb eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen neuen Wärmetauscher bereit zu stellen.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a new heat exchanger.
Nach der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine kompakte und preiswerte Anordnung. Das Risiko, dass Kühlmedium austreten und Schäden an der Elektronik verursachen kann, wird reduziert. Und durch die mindestens eine flexible Membran wird erreicht, dass sich das Hohlvolumen des Kühlkreislaufs automatisch an das variable Volumen des Kühlmediums anpasst, das sich im Kühlkreislauf befindet, so dass unabhängig von der Betriebslage des Wärmetauschers die Entstehung von Gasblasen im Kühlmedium verhindert wird. Dies ermöglicht eine sichere Kühlung auch, nachdem der Wärmetauscher zeitweise eine ungewöhnliche Betriebslage eingenommen hat, z.B. während des Transports.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 1. This results in a compact and inexpensive arrangement. The risk of coolant escaping and causing damage to the electronics is reduced. And through the at least one flexible membrane is achieved that the hollow volume of the cooling circuit automatically adapts to the variable volume of the cooling medium, which is located in the cooling circuit, so that regardless of the operating position of the heat exchanger, the formation of gas bubbles in the cooling medium is prevented. This allows safe cooling even after the heat exchanger has temporarily occupied an unusual operating position, for example during transport.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung eines solchen Wärmetauschers ist Gegenstand des Anspruchs 30. Mit sehr geringen Kosten verhindert sie Probleme und Schäden durch Verunreinigungen im Kühlmedium.A particularly preferred embodiment of such a heat exchanger is the subject of claim 30. With very low cost, it prevents problems and damage due to impurities in the cooling medium.
Durch die bevorzugte Weiterbildung gemäß Anspruch 31 ergibt sich eine kompakte, robuste und Kosten sparende Bauweise.The preferred embodiment according to claim 31 results in a compact, robust and cost-saving design.
Weitere Einzelheiten und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den im folgenden beschriebenen und in der Zeichnung dargestellten, in keiner Weise als Einschränkung der Erfindung zu verstehenden Ausführungsbeispielen, sowie aus den Unteransprüchen. Es zeigt:Further details and advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the following described and illustrated in the drawings, in no way as a limitation of the invention to be understood embodiments, and from the dependent claims. It shows:
Fig. 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung, welche einen Wärmetauscher nach der Erfindung und seine Anordnung in einem Kühlkreislauf beispielhaft zeigt,1 is a schematic diagram showing a heat exchanger according to the invention and its arrangement in a cooling circuit by way of example,
Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit Il der Fig. 1 ,2 is an enlarged view of the detail II of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit III der Fig. 1 ,3 is an enlarged view of the detail III of Fig. 1,
Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit IV der Fig. 1 ,4 is an enlarged view of the detail IV of Fig. 1,
Fig. 5 eine teilweise im Schnitt dargestellte, raumbildliche Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels nach der Erfindung,5 is a partially sectioned, three-dimensional view of an embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 6 eine Darstellung analog Fig. 5, gesehen in Richtung des Pfeiles VI der Fig. 5,6 is a view similar to FIG. 5, seen in the direction of arrow VI of FIG. 5,
Fig. 7 eine raumbildliche Darstellung der beim Wärmetauscher nach den Fig. 1 bis 6 verwendeten Membran und des mit ihr verbundenen Federelements, und7 is a perspective view of the membrane used in the heat exchanger according to FIGS. 1 to 6 and the spring element connected to it, and
Fig. 8 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, Fig. 9 eine Übersichtsdarstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung,8 shows a second embodiment of the invention, 9 is an overview of a second embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 10 einen Schnitt, gesehen längs der Linie X-X der Fig. 11 ,10 is a section taken along the line X-X of FIG. 11,
Fig. 11 eine Draufsicht, gesehen in Richtung des Pfeiles Xl der Fig. 10,11 is a plan view, as seen in the direction of the arrow Xl of Fig. 10,
Fig. 12 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit XII der Fig. 10,12 is an enlarged view of the detail XII of FIG. 10,
Fig. 13 eine raumbildliche Darstellung eines Wärmetauschers 130', der mit einem integrierten großflächigen Filter versehen ist,13 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger 130 ', which is provided with an integrated large-area filter,
Fig. 14 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit XIV der Fig. 13,14 is an enlarged view of the detail XIV of FIG. 13,
Fig. 15 einen Schnitt durch den oberen Teil des in Fig. 13 dargestellten Wärmetauschers 120',FIG. 15 shows a section through the upper part of the heat exchanger 120 'illustrated in FIG. 13,
Fig. 16 einen Schnitt analog Fig. 15; bei dieser Variante ist das Filter 170 anders angeordnet und befestigt, als in Fig. 15, undFIG. 16 shows a section analogous to FIG. 15; FIG. in this variant, the filter 170 is arranged and fixed differently than in Figs. 15, and
Fig. 17 eine geschnittene Detaildarstellung des Filters und der Dichtung aus Fig. 16.17 is a sectional detail view of the filter and the seal of FIG. 16.
Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch einen Wärmetauscher 20. Dieser hat in bekannter Weise flache Kühlrohre 22, die im Betrieb von einem Kühlmedium 24 durchströmt werden und die mit zickzackförmig angeordneten Kühlblechen 26 wärmeleitend verbunden sind.1 shows schematically a heat exchanger 20. This has in a known manner flat cooling tubes 22 which are flowed through in operation by a cooling medium 24 and which are connected in a heat-conducting manner with zigzag arranged cooling plates 26.
Die Räume zwischen den flachen Rohren 22 sind oben durch Verschlussbleche 28 flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen, so dass ein oberer Tank 30 entsteht, der durch eine vertikale Trennwand 32 in eine zulaufseitige Kammer 34 und eine ablaufseitige Kammer 36 unterteilt ist.The spaces between the flat tubes 22 are sealed liquid-tight at the top by closure plates 28, so that an upper tank 30 is formed, which is divided by a vertical partition 32 into an inlet-side chamber 34 and an outlet-side chamber 36.
Ebenso sind unten die Räume zwischen den Rohren 22 durch Verschlussbleche 38 flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen, so dass dort ein unterer Tank 40 gebildet wird.Likewise, the spaces between the tubes 22 are sealed liquid-tight by closure plates 38 below, so that there is a lower tank 40 is formed.
Der obere Tank 30 ist mittels einer Bördelverbindung 44 mit dem Wärmetauscher 20 flüssigkeitsdicht verbunden. Er hat eine obere Wand 46 (Fig. 3), die hier einstückig mit der Trennwand 32 ausgebildet ist. In ihr befinden sich Ausnehmungen, nämlich eine Ausnehmung 48 oberhalb des ablaufseitigen Raumes 36 und eine Ausnehmung 50 oberhalb des zulaufseitigen Raumes 34.The upper tank 30 is liquid-tightly connected to the heat exchanger 20 by means of a flare connection 44. He has an upper wall 46 (Fig. 3), which here in one piece with the partition wall 32 is formed. In it are recesses, namely a recess 48 above the drain-side space 36 and a recess 50 above the inflow-side space 34th
Diese Ausnehmungen 48, 50 sind auf ihrer Oberseite flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen durch eine flexible Membran 54, auf welcher eine flache Federanordnung 56 aus rostfreiem Federstahl aufliegt. Diese Federanordnung 56 ist mit der Membran 54 verbunden, z.B. durch Vulkanisieren. Hierzu kann die Federanordnung 56 auch in die Membran 54 einvulkanisiert sein, um sie besonders gut vor Korrosion zu schützen.These recesses 48, 50 are liquid-tightly sealed on their upper side by a flexible membrane 54, on which rests a flat spring assembly 56 made of stainless spring steel. This spring assembly 56 is connected to the membrane 54, e.g. by vulcanization. For this purpose, the spring assembly 56 may also be vulcanized into the membrane 54 in order to protect it particularly well against corrosion.
Die Membran 54 und die Federanordnung 56 werden an ihrem äußeren Rand durch den Rand 58 eines Deckels 60 fluiddicht festgehalten. Ebenso werden sie in der Mitte durch einen Steg 61 des Deckels 60 fest gehalten, vg. Fig. 3. In dem Raum 62 zwischen dem Deckel 60 und der Membran 54 befindet sich Luft oder ein Schutzgas, z.B. Stickstoff.The membrane 54 and the spring assembly 56 are held at its outer edge by the edge 58 of a cover 60 fluid-tight. Likewise, they are held firmly in the middle by a web 61 of the lid 60, vg. Fig. 3. In the space 62 between the lid 60 and the membrane 54 is air or an inert gas, e.g. Nitrogen.
Der obere Tank 30 hat einen Zulauf 64, und durch diesen fließt Kühlmedium 24 in Richtung eines Pfeiles 66 zur zulaufseitigen Kammer 34. Von dort fließt es durch die dortigen Rohre 22 zum unteren Tank 40, und von diesem durch die in Fig. 1 linken Rohre 22 nach oben zur ablaufseitigen Kammer 36. Naturgemäß kann in manchen Fällen die Durchströmrichtung auch umgekehrt sein.The upper tank 30 has an inlet 64, and through this cooling medium 24 flows in the direction of an arrow 66 to the inlet-side chamber 34. From there it flows through the local pipes 22 to the lower tank 40, and from there through the left in Fig. 1 pipes 22 upward to the drain-side chamber 36. Naturally, in some cases, the flow direction may be reversed.
Von dort fließt das Kühlmedium durch einen Ablauf 68 in Richtung eines Pfeiles 70 zu einer Wärmesenke 74, die in Wärme leitender Verbindung mit einem elektronischen Bauteil 76 steht, das auf einer Leiterplatte 78 angeordnet ist und über diese mit Strom versorgt wird.From there, the cooling medium flows through a drain 68 in the direction of an arrow 70 to a heat sink 74, which is in heat conductive connection with an electronic component 76 which is disposed on a printed circuit board 78 and is powered by these.
In der Wärmesenke 74 wird das Kühlmedium erwärmt, und das erwärmte Kühlmedium wird durch eine von einem Elektromotor 80 angetriebene Umwälzpumpe 82 wieder dem Zulauf 66 zugeführt.In the heat sink 74, the cooling medium is heated, and the heated cooling medium is fed back to the inlet 66 by a driven by an electric motor 80 circulating pump 82.
Der Wärmetauscher 20 wird mittels eines Lüfters 84 durch Luft gekühlt, was nur sehr schematisch angedeutet ist.The heat exchanger 20 is cooled by means of a fan 84 by air, which is indicated only very schematically.
Die Fig. 5 bis 7 zeigen den Aufbau der Federanordnung 56. Diese wird dadurch gebildet, dass in ein dünnes Blech aus Federstahl eine linke spiralförmige Ausnehmung 90 und eine rechte spiralförmige Ausnehmung 92 eingearbeitet werden, wodurch links eine größere Spiralfeder 94 entsteht, welche der größeren Kammer 36 zugeordnet ist, und rechts eine kleinere Spiralfeder 96, welche der kleineren Kammer 34 zugeordnet ist.5 to 7 show the structure of the spring assembly 56. This is formed by the fact that in a thin sheet of spring steel, a left spiral recess 90 and a right spiral recess 92 are incorporated, whereby on the left a larger coil spring 94 is formed, which is the larger Chamber 36 is assigned, and on the right a smaller coil spring 96 which is associated with the smaller chamber 34.
Die Kammern 34, 36 sind nach oben hin bis zur Membran 54 mit Kühlmedium 24 gefüllt. Dehnt sich dieses aus, so wölbt sich die Membran 54 oberhalb der Ausnehmungen 48, 50 nach oben, wobei durch die Federn 94, 96 verhindert wird, dass die Membran 54 an einzelnen Stellen ausgebaucht und beschädigt wird.The chambers 34, 36 are filled up to the membrane 54 with cooling medium 24. If this expands, the membrane 54 bulges above the recesses 48, 50 upwards, whereby the springs 94, 96 prevent the membrane 54 from being bulged and damaged at individual points.
Zieht sich das Kühlmedium 24 zusammen, so wölbt sich die Membran 54 durch die Ausnehmungen 48, 50 nach unten, wobei ebenfalls die Federn 94, 96 für eine gleichmäßige Auslenkung sorgen.If the cooling medium 24 contracts, the membrane 54 bulges downward through the recesses 48, 50, whereby the springs 94, 96 also provide a uniform deflection.
Auf diese Weise erhält man mit geringem Aufwand einen Ausgleichsbehälter 30 mit sicherer Funktion.In this way, one obtains with little effort a surge tank 30 with a secure function.
In Fig. 7 sind die beschriebenen Auslenkungen durch Pfeile 100, 102 (nach oben) zw. 104, 106 (nach unten) symbolisch dargestellt.In Fig. 7, the deflections described by arrows 100, 102 (top) zw. 104, 106 (down) symbolically represented.
Fig. 8 zeigt einen Ausgleichsbehälter 110, der nur einen einzigen Anschluss 112 hat, durch welchen im Betrieb Kühlmittel zu- oder abfließt. Der Behälter 110 hat unten einen Topf 114, an dessen oberem Ende ein nach außen ragender Flansch 116 vorgesehen ist, in welchem sich eine Ringnut 118 befindet. In diese greift ein zu einer elastischen Membran 121 gehörender Dichtwulst 120 ein, der durch einen Deckel 122 dichtend in die Ringnut 118 gepresst wird. Die Befestigung des Deckels 122 am Topf 114 ist, da bekannt, nicht dargestellt.Fig. 8 shows a surge tank 110 having only a single port 112 through which coolant is added or removed during operation. The container 110 has at the bottom a pot 114, at the upper end of an outwardly projecting flange 116 is provided, in which an annular groove 118 is located. In this engages a belonging to an elastic membrane 121 sealing bead 120, which is pressed by a cover 122 sealingly into the annular groove 118. The attachment of the lid 122 on the pot 114, as known, not shown.
Die elastische Membran 121 wird in der dargestellten Weise in ihrer Mitte durch einen von einer Feder 124 beaufschlagten Stößel 126 nach unten gepresst. Oben ragt der Stößel 126 durch eine Öffnung 128 im Deckel 122 und ist dort mit einer Skala 130 zur Druckanzeige versehen. Dieser Stößel 126 erleichtert die Entlüftung, z.B. nach einer Reparatur. Auch hier ist der Raum unterhalb der Membran 121 vollständig mit Kühlmittel gefüllt, also ohne Luftblasen.The elastic membrane 121 is pressed in the manner shown in the middle by a spring 124 acted upon by a plunger 126 down. Above the plunger 126 protrudes through an opening 128 in the lid 122 and is there provided with a scale 130 for pressure indication. This plunger 126 facilitates venting, e.g. after a repair. Again, the space below the membrane 121 is completely filled with coolant, ie without air bubbles.
Die Fig. 9 bis 12 zeigen ein zweites, bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Gleiche oder gleich wirkende Teile wie in den Fig. 1 bis 8 werden gewöhnlich mit denselben Bezugszeichen bezeichnet wie dort und nicht nochmals beschrieben.Figs. 9 to 12 show a second preferred embodiment of the invention. The same or similar parts as in Figs. 1 to 8 are usually denoted by the same reference numerals as there and not described again.
Fig. 9 zeigt ein Übersichtsbild analog Fig. 1. Das erhitzte Kühlfluid vom Wärmeaufnehmer 74 wird über eine Leitung 66 dem Zulauf 64 des Wärmetauschers 120 zugeführt, wo es gekühlt wird. Vom Auslauf 68 strömt es über eine Leitung 70 zu einem Aggregat 140. Dieses enthält eine Umwälzpumpe für das Kühlfluid (analog der Pumpe 82 der Fig. 1) und einen Ventilator (analog dem Ventilator 84 der Fig. 1) zum Erzeugen von Kühlluft für den Wärmetauscher 120. Im Unterschied zu Fig. 1 werden der Ventilator und die Umwälzpumpe vom gleichen Elektromotor angetrieben, vgl. z.B. die WO2004/031588A1 der Anmelderin.9 shows an overview image analogous to FIG. 1. The heated cooling fluid from the heat receiver 74 is fed via a line 66 to the inlet 64 of the heat exchanger 120 supplied, where it is cooled. From the outlet 68, it flows via a line 70 to a unit 140. This contains a circulation pump for the cooling fluid (analogous to the pump 82 of FIG. 1) and a fan (analogous to the fan 84 of FIG. 1) for generating cooling air for the Heat exchanger 120. In contrast to FIG. 1, the fan and the circulation pump are driven by the same electric motor, cf. for example WO2004 / 031588A1 of the Applicant.
Die Kühlkanäle 22, Kühlbleche 26 etc. sind gleich aufgebaut wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 1 bis 8.The cooling channels 22, cooling plates 26, etc. are the same structure as in the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 8.
Wie Fig. 12 besonders gut zeigt, ist der Wärmetauschertank 130 als Formstück aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff durch Spritzguss hergestellt.As Fig. 12 shows particularly well, the heat exchanger tank 130 is made as a molded piece of a thermoplastic material by injection molding.
Dieser Tank 130 hat einen nach innen ragenden Flansch 48, und auf der Oberseite dieses Flansche 48 ist eine flexible Membran 154 aus TPE (thermoplastischem Elastomer) als Weichkomponente in einem zweiten Spritzgussschritt angespritzt. Man bezeichnet dieses Verfahren auch als 2K-Spritzguss. Die Schweißnaht ist mit 155 bezeichnet.This tank 130 has an inwardly projecting flange 48, and on top of these flanges 48 is molded a flexible membrane 154 of TPE (thermoplastic elastomer) as a soft component in a second injection molding step. This process is also referred to as 2K injection molding. The weld is designated 155.
Für die Membran 154 eignen sich bevorzugt thermoplastische Silikonelastomere, die auf einem zweiphasigen Block-Copolymer (Polydimetylsiloxan-Hamstoff-Copolymer) aufbauen. Ggf. kann auch ein TPE-A (Polyether-Block-Amid) verwendet werden.Thermoplastic silicone elastomers which are based on a two-phase block copolymer (polydimetylsiloxane urea copolymer) are preferably suitable for the membrane 154. Possibly. For example, a TPE-A (polyether block amide) may also be used.
Da die Festigkeit der Verbindung zwischen dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff des Tanks 130 und dem angespritzten TPE der Membran 154 im Bereich der Verbindungsnaht 156 nicht allzu groß ist, wird als zusätzliche Sicherheit der Deckel 60 verwendet, der einen nach unten ragenden Abschnitt 58 hat, welcher im Bereich 156, also längs der gesamten Peripherie der Membran 154, mit Pressung auf dem angeschweißten Rand der Membran 154 aufliegt.Since the strength of the connection between the thermoplastic material of the tank 130 and the molded TPE of the membrane 154 in the region of the connecting seam 156 is not too great, the cover 60 is used as an additional security, which has a downwardly projecting portion 58, which in the area 156, so along the entire periphery of the diaphragm 154, rests with pressure on the welded edge of the diaphragm 154.
Zu diesem Zweck ist der äußere Rand 158 des Deckels 60 mit dem oberen Rand 160 des Tanks 130 verbunden, z.B. durch Laserschweißen, Kleben, Schrauben, oder durch eine Rastverbindung. Fig. 12 zeigt eine Verbindung mittels einer Kerbe 166 und eines vorragenden Randes 168, die durch Laserschweißen verbunden werden. Bei Laserschweißen ergibt sich im Raum 162 zwischen dem Deckel 60 und der Membran 154 ein abgeschlossenes Luftpolster, welches die Membran 154 nach oben hin abstützt und dadurch mechanisch entlastet. Wenn zu viel Sauerstoff durch die Kunststoffwände in das Kühlsystem hinein diffundiert, oxidiert es die im Kühlmittel enthaltenen Korrosionsinhibitoren, und es bildet ggf. Gasblasen, was zu Funktionsstörungen im Kühlsystem, ggf. sogar zu einem Ausfall des Kühlsystems, führen kann. Wenn zu viel Kühlmittel durch die Kunststoffwände nach außen diffundiert, ist bei der geforderten Lebensdauer (oft ca. 60.000 Stunden) irgendwann zu wenig Kühlmittel im System übrig, damit dieses noch funktionieren kann, und dann tritt ebenfalls ein Ausfall ein.For this purpose, the outer edge 158 of the lid 60 is connected to the upper edge 160 of the tank 130, for example by laser welding, gluing, screwing, or by a latching connection. Fig. 12 shows a connection by means of a notch 166 and a projecting edge 168, which are connected by laser welding. In laser welding results in the space 162 between the cover 60 and the diaphragm 154 is a closed air cushion, which supports the diaphragm 154 upwards and thereby mechanically relieved. If too much oxygen diffuses through the plastic walls into the cooling system, it oxidizes the corrosion inhibitors contained in the coolant, and it may form gas bubbles, which can lead to malfunction in the cooling system, possibly even to a failure of the cooling system. If too much coolant diffuses through the plastic walls to the outside, at the required service life (often about 60,000 hours) at some point too little coolant left in the system, so this can still work, and then there is also a failure.
Diese Anforderungen grenzen - neben den Temperatur- und Festigkeitsforderungen - die geeigneten Werkstoffe ein.These requirements limit - in addition to the temperature and strength requirements - the appropriate materials.
Als Grundwerkstoffe (Hartkomponente) für den Tank 130 kommen in Frage: Polyphenyloxid (PPO), glasfaserverstärkt, ggf. auch Polypropylen (PP), ebenfalls glasfaserverstärkt. Besonders geeignet im Hinblick auf die Forderung einer sehr geringen Durchlässigkeit für Wasser, Glykol oder ein sonstiges Kühlmittel vom Kühlkreislauf nach außen einerseits und für Sauerstoff von außen in das Kühlmittel hinein andererseits eignet sich nach dem augenblicklichen Kenntnisstand Polyphenylensulfid (PPS) glasfaserverstärkt, oder PA-HTN, ein temperaturstabilisiertes Polyamid, ebenfalls glasfaserverstärkt.As base materials (hard component) for the tank 130 in question: Polyphenyloxid (PPO), glass fiber reinforced, possibly also polypropylene (PP), also glass fiber reinforced. Particularly suitable in view of the requirement for a very low permeability to water, glycol or other coolant from the outside to the outside and the outside of the coolant in the coolant on the other hand, according to the current state of knowledge, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is glass fiber reinforced, or PA-HTN , a temperature stabilized polyamide, also glass fiber reinforced.
PA eignet sich sehr gut für eine Laserschweißung, PPS etwas weniger gut. Bei Eignung wird deshalb PA bevorzugt, auch aus Preisgründen.PA is very good for a laser welding, PPS a little less good. If suitable, therefore, PA is preferred, also for reasons of price.
Durch die Erfindung erreicht man, dass der Wärmetauscher 120 gleichzeitig auch als Ausgleichsgefäß arbeiten kann, um Volumenänderungen der Kühlflüssigkeit ausgleichen zu können, wie sie nach längerem Betrieb unvermeidlich sind und wie sie auch durch Temperaturschwankungen auftreten können.By the invention it is achieved that the heat exchanger 120 can also work as a surge tank to compensate for changes in volume of the coolant, as they are inevitable after prolonged operation and as they can also occur due to temperature fluctuations.
Fig. 13 zeigt einen Wärmetauscher 120' mit integriertem Filter 170. Gemäß Fig. 14 hat dieses Filter 170 Filteröffnungen 172, die z. B. auf der Zulaufseite 36 (in Fig. 13 rechts) größer sein können als auf der Ablaufseite 34, um zuerst eine Grobfilterung und anschließend eine Feinfilterung zu erreichen. Der Teil des Filters 170, der die Grobfilterung durchführt, könnte auch als Sieb bezeichnet werden.FIG. 13 shows a heat exchanger 120 'with integrated filter 170. According to FIG. 14, this filter 170 has filter openings 172, which are e.g. B. on the inlet side 36 (in Fig. 13 right) may be greater than on the drain side 34 to first coarse filtering and then to achieve a fine filtering. The part of the filter 170 that performs the coarse filtering could also be called a sieve.
Das Filter 170 kann aus Metall oder Kunststoff bestehen und ist gemäß Fig. 15 an der Unterseite des Behälters 130' befestigt, z. B. im Zweikomponenten- Spritzgussverfahren. Fig. 16 zeigt eine Alternative, bei der das Filter 170 mit der Dichtung 44a zu einer Baueinheit verbunden ist. Dies kann z.B. durch Vulkanisieren erreicht werden. Alternativ, und besonders kostengünstig, ist es z.B. möglich, das Filter 170 im Spritzgussverfahren mit TPE zu umspritzen. In beiden Fällen wird die Montage vereinfacht, und man erhält einen sehr robusten Wärmetauscher.The filter 170 may be made of metal or plastic and is attached to the underside of the container 130 ', as shown in FIG. B. in two-component injection molding. Fig. 16 shows an alternative in which the filter 170 is connected to the seal 44a to form a structural unit. This can be achieved, for example, by vulcanization. Alternatively, and particularly inexpensively, it is possible, for example, to overmold the filter 170 by injection molding with TPE. In both cases, the assembly is simplified, and you get a very robust heat exchanger.
Im Bereich des Zulaufs 36 filtert das Filter 170 Kühlmedium, das über den Einlass 64 in den Behälter 130' und von dort in die flachen Rohre 22 des Wärmetauschers 20 nach unten fließt. Dadurch wird am rechten Teil des Filters 170 grober Schmutz zurückgehalten.In the region of the inlet 36, the filter 170 filters cooling medium, which flows via the inlet 64 into the container 130 'and from there into the flat tubes 22 of the heat exchanger 20 downwards. As a result, coarse dirt is retained on the right part of the filter 170.
Anschließend durchströmt das Kühlmedium die linke Hälfte der flachen Rohre 22 von unten nach oben, wobei es von der linken Hälfte des Filters 170 gefiltert wird, sodass durch den Ablauf 68 Kühlmittel zur Pumpe 140 (Fig. 9) fließt, das doppelt gefiltert ist.Subsequently, the cooling medium flows through the left half of the flat tubes 22 from bottom to top, being filtered by the left half of the filter 170, so that coolant flows through the drain 68 to the pump 140 (Figure 9), which is doubly filtered.
Dies ist wichtig, weil die Pumpe 140 sehr empfindlich gegen Verschmutzungen des Kühlmittels ist und deshalb besonders gut geschützt werden muss, denn Verschmutzungen könnten ein Festfressen der Pumpe 140 bewirken.This is important because the pump 140 is very sensitive to contamination of the coolant and therefore must be particularly well protected, because contamination could cause seizure of the pump 140.
Von der Pumpe 140 fließt das Kühlmittel gemäß Fig. 9 zum Wärmeaufnehmer 74 und von dort wieder zurück zum Einlass 64.From the pump 140, the coolant flows as shown in FIG. 9 to the heat absorber 74 and from there back to the inlet 64th
Bedingt durch die große Filterfläche bei dieser innovativen Anordnung wird erreicht, dass der Druckabfall am Filter 170 sehr niedrig wird.Due to the large filter area in this innovative arrangement is achieved that the pressure drop across the filter 170 is very low.
Bei Verwendung eines spanabhebend bearbeiteten Wärmeaufnehmers lassen sich die entstehenden Bearbeitungsspäne nicht restlos entfernen, ohne den Wirkungsgrad des Wärmeaufnehmers 74 zu reduzieren.When using a machined heat absorber, the resulting machining chips can not be completely removed without reducing the efficiency of the heat absorber 74.
Im Wärmetauscher 20 lassen sich Restspäne und Schmutzpartikel beim Herstellungsprozess ebenfalls nicht vermeiden, sondern allenfalls dadurch reduzieren, dass dieser im Vakuum gelötet und danach aufwändig gespült und gereinigt wird.In the heat exchanger 20, residual chips and dirt particles can likewise not be avoided during the production process, but at most can be reduced by soldering them in a vacuum and then rinsing and cleaning them in an expensive manner.
Der Eintrag von Schmutz in den Kreislauf des Kühlmittels beim Füllen mit Kühlmittel und beim anschließenden Prüfen lässt sich ebenfalls nicht restlos vermeiden.The entry of dirt in the circulation of the coolant when filling with coolant and the subsequent testing can also not be completely avoided.
Die Folge ist, dass Späne und Schmutz die feinen Strukturen im Wärmeaufnehmer verstopfen und dadurch den Wirkungsgrad reduzieren könnten. Auch besteht immer die Gefahr, dass sich Schmutzpartikel in der Pumpe 140 in einen schmalen Spalt setzen und so zum Blockieren der Pumpe führen.The result is that chips and dirt clog the fine structures in the heat absorber and thus could reduce the efficiency. Also always exists the risk that dirt particles in the pump 140 put in a narrow gap, thus blocking the pump.
Durch die Erfindung vermeidet man solche Probleme. Besonders vorteilhaft ist, dass man durch die Erfindung eine große Filterfläche erhält und so ein zusätzliches Filtergehäuse vermeiden kann. Im Flüssigkeitskreislauf werden Späne und Schmutzpartikel, welche sich im Wärmeaufnehmer und im Wärmetauscher lösen, auf der Abströmseite sicher am Filter 170 zurückgehalten, bevor sie in die Pumpe 140 strömen. Die im Verhältnis zur anfallenden Schmutzmenge große Filterfläche verhindert ein Verstopfen des Filters und einen zu hohen Druckabfall des Kühlmediums im Kreislauf.The invention avoids such problems. It is particularly advantageous that one obtains a large filter area by the invention and can thus avoid an additional filter housing. In the liquid circuit, chips and dirt particles which dissolve in the heat receiver and in the heat exchanger are reliably retained on the filter 170 on the downstream side before they flow into the pump 140. The large filter area in relation to the accumulated amount of dirt prevents clogging of the filter and excessive pressure drop of the cooling medium in the circuit.
Durch die Erfindung vermeidet man also die Notwendigkeit, ein separates Filtergehäuse einschließlich Schlauchverbindungen vorzusehen, was Kosten spart. Auch wird kein Raum für ein separates Filtergehäuse und die notwendigen Schlauchverbindungen benötigt, was eine kompakte Bauweise ermöglicht. Schließlich können Späne, welche sich aus dem Wärmeaufnehmer 74 und dem Wärmetauscher 20 lösen, bei der dargestellten Anordnung des Filters, nämlich im Wärmetauschertank, nicht in die Pumpe 140 gelangen, weil diese in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Wärmetauscher 20 und vor dem Wärmeaufnehmer 74 angeordnet ist. Auch könnte an keiner anderen Stelle des Gesamtsystems die Filterfläche ohne wesentliche Mehrkosten so groß gemacht werden. Ein Verstopfen der feinen Strukturen des Wärmeaufnehmers 74 wird deshalb in einfacher Weise vermieden oder stark behindert, ebenso ein Blockieren der Umwälzpumpe 140.The invention thus avoids the need to provide a separate filter housing including hose connections, which saves costs. Also, no space for a separate filter housing and the necessary hose connections is needed, allowing a compact design. Finally, chips which dissolve out of the heat absorber 74 and the heat exchanger 20, in the illustrated arrangement of the filter, namely in the heat exchanger tank, do not get into the pump 140, because this is arranged in the flow direction behind the heat exchanger 20 and in front of the heat absorber 74. Also, at no other point in the overall system, the filter surface could be made so large without significant additional costs. Clogging of the fine structures of the heat absorber 74 is therefore easily avoided or severely hampered, as is blocking the circulation pump 140.
Naturgemäß könnte nach dem gleichen Prinzip auch ein Ausgleichsgefäß hergestellt werden, das vom Wärmetauscher getrennt ist, z.B. dann, wenn das Volumen des Wärmetauschers aus Raumgründen beschränkt ist. Auch sonst sind im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung vielfache Abwandlungen und Modifikationen möglich.Naturally, according to the same principle, a compensating vessel which is separate from the heat exchanger, e.g. when the volume of the heat exchanger is limited for reasons of space. Even otherwise, many modifications and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 17 zeigt eine geschnittene Detaildarstellung des Filters 170 und der Dichtung 44a aus Fig. 16. Bei der Montage des Filters 170 in dem Wärmetauscher 20 wird die Dichtung 44a bevorzugt deformiert, um eine gute Dichtung zu bewirken, vgl. Fig. 16. 17 shows a detailed sectional view of the filter 170 and the seal 44a of FIG. 16. When mounting the filter 170 in the heat exchanger 20, the seal 44a is preferably deformed to effect a good seal, see FIG. Fig. 16.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Wärmetauscher zur Anordnung in einem geschlossenen Kühlkreislauf, welch letzterer im Betrieb mit einem Kühlmedium gefüllt ist, das im Zwangsumlauf betrieben wird und zur Kühlung mindestens eines elektronischen Bauteils (76) dient, mit einem Zulauf (64) zur Zufuhr von warmem Kühlmedium zum Wärmetauscher1. Heat exchanger for arrangement in a closed cooling circuit, which latter is filled in operation with a cooling medium, which is operated in forced circulation and for cooling at least one electronic component (76), with an inlet (64) for supplying warm cooling medium to the heat exchanger
(20), mit einem Ablauf (48) zur Abfuhr von in dem Wärmetauscher gekühltem(20), with a drain (48) for the removal of cooled in the heat exchanger
Kühlmedium, und mit einem mit dem Wärmetauscher zu einer Baueinheit verbundenenCooling medium, and with one connected to the heat exchanger to a unit
Ausgleichsbehälter (30; 130; 130') zum Ausgleich von Volumenänderungen desExpansion tank (30, 130, 130 ') to compensate for volume changes of
Kühlmediums, welcher Ausgleichsbehälter (30; 130; 130") durch eine flexibleCooling medium, which expansion tank (30, 130, 130 ") by a flexible
Membran (54; 154) abgeschlossen ist, die dazu ausgebildet ist, solchenDiaphragm (54, 154) is formed, which is designed to such
Volumenänderungen zu folgen, wobei der Ausgleichsbehälter (30; 130; 130') als Teil des Kreislaufs desVolume changes to follow, wherein the surge tank (30; 130; 130 ') as part of the cycle of
Kühlmediums ausgebildet ist, und ein Teil des Ausgleichsbehälters als Komponente des Zulaufs (64) und ein anderer Teil als Komponente des Ablaufs (68) ausgebildet ist, welche Teile durch Kanäle des zweiflutig ausgebildeten Wärmetauschers (20) miteinander in Flüssigkeitsverbindung stehen.Cooling medium is formed, and a part of the surge tank is formed as a component of the inlet (64) and another part as a component of the drain (68), which parts are in fluid communication with each other through channels of the twin-flow heat exchanger (20).
2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1 , bei welchem jedem der Teile des Wärmetauschers eine eigene flexible Membran (54; 154) zugeordnet ist.2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein each of the parts of the heat exchanger is associated with its own flexible membrane (54; 154).
3. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, in welchem mindestens ein Filter (170) zum Filtern des Kühlmediums vorgesehen ist.3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one filter (170) is provided for filtering the cooling medium.
4. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3, in welchem das mindestens eine Filter (170) zwischen Ausgleichsbehälter (130') und Wärmetauscher (20) im Strömungskreislauf des Kühlmediums angeordnet ist.4. Heat exchanger according to claim 3, in which the at least one filter (170) between the expansion tank (130 ') and the heat exchanger (20) is arranged in the flow circuit of the cooling medium.
5. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 4, in welchem das mindestens eine Filter (170) im Bereich einer Stelle vorgesehen ist, an welcher das Kühlmedium in Kanäle des Wärmetauschers (20) einströmt.5. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, in which the at least one filter (170) is provided in the region of a point at which the cooling medium flows into channels of the heat exchanger (20).
6. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei welchem das mindestens eine Filter (170) im Bereich einer Stelle vorgesehen ist, an welcher das Kühlmedium aus Kanälen des Wärmetauschers (20) austritt. 6. Heat exchanger according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the at least one filter (170) is provided in the region of a point at which the cooling medium emerges from channels of the heat exchanger (20).
7. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, welcher zum Betrieb mit einer Umwälzpumpe (140) ausgebildet ist, der zwei in Reihe geschaltete Filter (170) vorgeschaltet sind, von denen mindestens eines zwischen Ausgleichsbehälter (130') und Wärmetauscher (20) angeordnet ist.7. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, which is designed for operation with a circulating pump (140), the two filters connected in series (170) are connected upstream, of which at least one between surge tank (130 ') and heat exchanger (20) is arranged ,
8. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 7, bei welchem die in Reihe geschalteten Filter (170) im Ausgleichsbehälter (13O1) des Wärmetauschers (20) angeordnet sind.8. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the series-connected filter (170) in the expansion tank (13O 1 ) of the heat exchanger (20) are arranged.
9. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem der Ausgleichsbehälter (30; 130; 130') mit dem Wärmetauscher (20) durch eine Bördelverbindung (44) zu einer Baueinheit verbunden ist.9. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the surge tank (30; 130; 130 ') to the heat exchanger (20) by a crimp connection (44) is connected to a structural unit.
10. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 9, bei welchem zwischen Ausgleichsbehälter (30; 130; 130') und Wärmetauscher eine Dichtung (44a) vorgesehen ist.10. A heat exchanger according to claim 9, wherein between the surge tank (30, 130, 130 ') and heat exchanger, a seal (44 a) is provided.
11. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 10, bei welchem die Dichtung (44a) mit dem Filter (170) zu einer Baueinheit verbunden ist.11. A heat exchanger according to claim 10, wherein the seal (44a) is connected to the filter (170) to form a structural unit.
12. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 11 , bei welchem die Dichtung (44a) mit dem Filter (170) durch Umspritzen oder Vulkanisieren verbunden ist.12. The heat exchanger of claim 11, wherein the seal (44a) is connected to the filter (170) by overmolding or vulcanization.
13. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die flexible Membran (54; 154) auf ihrer vom Kühlmedium abgewandten Seite durch mindestens eine Federanordnung abgestützt ist.13. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible membrane (54; 154) is supported on its side remote from the cooling medium by at least one spring arrangement.
14. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 13, bei welchem die mindestens eine Federanordnung als Federblech (56) ausgebildet ist, welches durch mindestens eine Ausnehmung (90; 92) in federnde Abschnitte unterteilt ist.14. Heat exchanger according to claim 13, wherein the at least one spring arrangement is designed as a spring plate (56) which is divided by at least one recess (90; 92) into resilient sections.
15. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 14, bei welchem das Federblech (56) mindestens bereichsweise mit der flexiblen Membran (54) verbunden ist.15. A heat exchanger according to claim 14, wherein the spring plate (56) is at least partially connected to the flexible membrane (54).
16. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, bei welchem die einer Feder (94, 96) zugeordnete Ausnehmung (90, 92) des Federblechs (56) als in sich zusammenhängende Ausnehmung ausgebildet ist.16. A heat exchanger according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the one spring (94, 96) associated with recess (90, 92) of the spring plate (56) is formed as a self-contained recess.
17. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 16, bei welchem die in sich zusammenhängende Ausnehmung des Federblechs (56) etwa nach Art einer Spirale (90, 92) ausgebildet ist. 17. A heat exchanger according to claim 16, wherein the self-contained recess of the spring plate (56) is formed approximately in the manner of a spiral (90, 92).
18. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem der Ausgleichsbehälter einen Deckel (60) mit einem Rand (58, 158) aufweist, welcher gegen den Rand der flexiblen Membran (54; 154) anliegt und den letztgenannten Rand (58, 158) zwischen sich und einem Element (48) des Ausgleichsbehälters (130) festklemmt.18. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, in which the expansion tank has a cover (60) with a rim (58, 158) which rests against the edge of the flexible membrane (54, 154) and the latter edge (58, 158). between itself and an element (48) of the surge tank (130) clamped.
19. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 18, bei welchem der Rand der flexiblen Membran (54; 154) eine Stoff schlüssige Verbindung (155) mit einem Element (48) des Ausgleichsbehälters (30; 130; 130') aufweist.19. A heat exchanger according to claim 18, wherein the edge of the flexible membrane (54; 154) has a material connection (155) with an element (48) of the surge tank (30; 130; 130 ').
20. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem auf der dem Kühlmedium (24) gegenüber liegenden Seite der flexiblen Membran (54; 154) ein fluiddicht abgeschlossener Raum (62; 162) vorgesehen ist.20. A heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the cooling medium (24) opposite side of the flexible membrane (54; 154) a fluid-tight closed space (62; 162) is provided.
21. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 20, bei welchem der fluiddicht abgeschlossene Raum (62; 162) mit einem unter Überdruck stehenden Gas gefüllt ist, um den Kräften entgegen zu wirken, welche durch ein druckbeaufschlagtes Kühlmedium (24) auf die Membran (54; 154) und die Verbindungsnaht (155) einwirken.21. The heat exchanger of claim 20, wherein the fluid-tight sealed space (62; 162) is filled with a pressurized gas to counteract the forces applied to the diaphragm (54; 154) by a pressurized cooling medium (24). and the seam (155) act.
22. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem der Wärmetauscher als Flachrohr-Wärmetauscher ausgebildet ist.22. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat exchanger is designed as a flat tube heat exchanger.
23. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem eine Druckmesseinrichtung zur Messung des Drucks im Kühlmedium vorgesehen ist.23. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a pressure measuring device is provided for measuring the pressure in the cooling medium.
24. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem eine Füllstandsanzeige zur Anzeige des Kühlmedium-Füllstands vorgesehen ist.24. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, in which a level indicator is provided for displaying the cooling medium level.
25. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche zur Anordnung in einem Kühlkreislauf mit einer Umwälzpumpe (140), bei welchem der Umwälzpumpe zwei in Reihe geschaltete Filter (170) zugeordnet sind, welche im Ausgleichsbehälter (130') des Wärmetauschers (20) angeordnet sind.25. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims for arrangement in a cooling circuit with a circulating pump (140), wherein the circulating pump two series-connected filter (170) are associated, which in the expansion tank (130 ') of the heat exchanger (20) are arranged.
26 Wärmetauscher mit einem Ausgleichsbehälter (110) zum Ausgleich von Volumenänderungen eines Kühlmediums in einem Kühlmittelkreislauf, mit mindestens einem Anschluss (64, 68; 112) zum Zu- und/oder Abfluss von Kühlmedium, und mit einer flexiblen Membran (54; 121 ; 154), welche an der Grenze zwischen dem Kühlmedium und einem Gas, insbesondere der Umgebungsluft, angeordnet ist.26 heat exchanger with a compensation tank (110) for compensating changes in the volume of a cooling medium in a coolant circuit, with at least one connection (64, 68; 112) for the inlet and / or outflow of cooling medium, and with a flexible membrane (54, 121, 154), which is arranged at the boundary between the cooling medium and a gas, in particular the ambient air.
27. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 26, bei welchem die flexible Membran (121) durch einen von einer Feder (124) beaufschlagten Stößel (126) in Richtung zum Kühlmedium beaufschlagt ist.27. A heat exchanger according to claim 26, wherein the flexible membrane (121) is acted upon by a spring (124) acted upon plunger (126) in the direction of the cooling medium.
28. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 27, bei welchem an dem Stößel (126) eine Skala (130) vorgesehen ist.28. A heat exchanger according to claim 27, wherein on the plunger (126) has a scale (130) is provided.
29. Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 26 bis 28, bei welchem der Ausgleichsbehälter (110) mit einem Wärmetauscher (20) zu einer Baueinheit verbunden ist, und im Bereich der Grenze zwischen Wärmetauscher (20) und Ausgleichsbehälter (110) mindestens ein Filter (170) zum Filtern des Kühlmediums angeordnet ist.29. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 26 to 28, wherein the surge tank (110) with a heat exchanger (20) is connected to a structural unit, and in the region of the boundary between the heat exchanger (20) and expansion tank (110) at least one filter (170 ) is arranged for filtering the cooling medium.
30. Wärmetauscher mit einem Ausgleichsbehälter zum Ausgleich von Volumenänderungen eines Kühlmediums in einem Kühlmittelkreislauf, welcher Ausgleichsbehälter (110) mit dem Wärmetauscher (20) zu einer Baueinheit verbunden ist, wobei am Übergang vom Wärmetauscher (20) zum Ausgleichsbehälter (110) mindestens ein Filterorgan (170) angeordnet ist, welches im Betrieb vom Kühlmedium durchströmt wird.30. Heat exchanger with a compensation tank to compensate for changes in volume of a cooling medium in a coolant circuit, which expansion tank (110) is connected to the heat exchanger (20) to form a structural unit, wherein at the transition from the heat exchanger (20) to the expansion tank (110) at least one filter element ( 170) is arranged, which is flowed through during operation of the cooling medium.
31. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 30, bei welchem das Filterorgan (170) als Kunststoffteil ausgebildet und stoffschlüssig mit einem Gehäuseelement (130') des Ausgleichsbehälters (12O1) verbunden ist.31. A heat exchanger according to claim 30, wherein the filter member (170) formed as a plastic part and materially connected to a housing member (130 ') of the surge tank (12O 1 ) is connected.
32. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 31 , bei welchem das Filterorgan (170) durch Schweißen, insbesondere Kunststoffschweißen, mit dem Gehäuseelement (130') verbunden ist.32. Heat exchanger according to claim 31, wherein the filter element (170) by welding, in particular plastic welding, with the housing element (130 ') is connected.
33. Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 26 bis 32, bei welchem zwischen Ausgleichsbehälter (30; 130; 130') und Wärmetauscher eine Dichtung (44a) vorgesehen ist, welche mit dem Filter (170) zu einer Baueinheit verbunden ist.33. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 26 to 32, wherein between the surge tank (30; 130; 130 ') and heat exchanger, a seal (44a) is provided which is connected to the filter (170) to form a structural unit.
34. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 33, bei welchem das Filter (170) durch Umspritzen oder Vulkanisieren mit der Dichtung (44a) verbunden ist. 34. The heat exchanger of claim 33, wherein the filter (170) is connected to the gasket (44a) by overmolding or vulcanizing.
EP05822077A 2005-02-18 2005-12-31 Heat exchanger Not-in-force EP1848948B1 (en)

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DE202005003246 2005-02-18
DE202005005404 2005-03-31
DE202005006290 2005-04-13
DE202005013059 2005-08-11
DE202005016507 2005-10-17
PCT/EP2005/014154 WO2006087031A1 (en) 2005-02-18 2005-12-31 Heat exchanger

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EP1848948B1 EP1848948B1 (en) 2010-04-14

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AT (1) ATE464524T1 (en)
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US8459337B2 (en) 2013-06-11
WO2006087031A1 (en) 2006-08-24
EP1848948B1 (en) 2010-04-14
ATE464524T1 (en) 2010-04-15
US20090090494A1 (en) 2009-04-09

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