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EP1732165B1 - Antenna structure for mobile communication terminals - Google Patents

Antenna structure for mobile communication terminals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1732165B1
EP1732165B1 EP05011708A EP05011708A EP1732165B1 EP 1732165 B1 EP1732165 B1 EP 1732165B1 EP 05011708 A EP05011708 A EP 05011708A EP 05011708 A EP05011708 A EP 05011708A EP 1732165 B1 EP1732165 B1 EP 1732165B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground plane
antenna structure
exciter element
feed line
structure according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05011708A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1732165A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Schmitz
Werner Dr. Schroeder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hewlett Packard Development Co LP
Original Assignee
Palm Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Palm Inc filed Critical Palm Inc
Priority to AT05011708T priority Critical patent/ATE488882T1/en
Priority to DE502005010551T priority patent/DE502005010551D1/en
Priority to EP05011708A priority patent/EP1732165B1/en
Publication of EP1732165A1 publication Critical patent/EP1732165A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1732165B1 publication Critical patent/EP1732165B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna structure for mobile communication terminals having an active ground plane for generating a current density distribution relevant for radiation of the electromagnetic waves and an exciter element capacitively coupled to the ground plane, the ground plane being substantially rectangular with two short and two long sides is trained.
  • Such an antenna structure in which the radiation / reception element, unlike, for example, in the case of the known PIFA antennas, is formed by the ground plane is known, for example, from the article " Compact Antenna Structures for Mobile Handsets ", by Juha Villanen et al., Published on the occasion of the 3rd COST 284 Management Committee Meeting Workshop, Budapest, October 2003 , known.
  • Theoretical background for such an antenna structure can also be found in the article " Resonator-Based Analysis of the Mobile Antenna and Chassis Handset ", by B. Vainikainen et al., Published in IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, Vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 1433-1444, October 2002 ,
  • a stimulator element capacitively coupled to the printed circuit board is used to produce the desired current density distribution.
  • the capacitively coupled stimulator element is disposed on a short side of the printed circuit board and lies substantially within a plane defined by the printed circuit board.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the above-mentioned antenna structure such that a more effective excitation of the current density distribution of the ground plane is achieved.
  • EP 1 079 463 A2 discloses an antenna structure with two exciter elements arranged in a plane next to each other.
  • EP 1 494 315 A1 discloses an antenna structure with two exciter elements arranged in two parallel planes.
  • JP 2000 156607 discloses an antenna system having an inner receiving element and an outer transmitting element arranged in a common plane.
  • WO 2004/109850 A1 discloses a variable frequency variable reactance antenna.
  • an antenna structure for mobile communication terminals having an active ground plane for forming a current density distribution relevant for radiation of electromagnetic waves and an exciter element which is capacitively coupled to the ground plane, wherein the ground plane is formed essentially at right angles with two short and two long sides, wherein the Anregerelement is flat, is arranged perpendicular to the ground plane and a short side of the ground plane adjacent and is connected via a feed line to the ground plane.
  • Such an arrangement of the exciter element has the consequence that it thus reaches the area of locally maximum electric field strength of a chassis propagation mode and, for a given ground plane, it can be traversed by the largest possible electrical flux of the associated field distribution.
  • a particularly strong coupling to the ground plane which can be formed by a ground layer of a printed circuit board, is achieved.
  • This in turn means a particularly low radiation quality and thus a particularly high bandwidth for the resonance behavior of the ground plane.
  • a capacitive load element approximately in the middle of the short side of the ground plane, which is opposite to the short side with adjacent exciter element, is electrically conductively connected to the ground plane.
  • the dimensions of a circuit board are specified as a ground plane by other boundary conditions, this is advantageous, namely if a capacitive loading element is provided on that short side of the ground plane which is opposite the short side with adjacent exciter element, which is suitable for adapting a current density distribution of the ground plane adapted to a desired resonant frequency band.
  • a capacitive loading element is provided on that short side of the ground plane which is opposite the short side with adjacent exciter element, which is suitable for adapting a current density distribution of the ground plane adapted to a desired resonant frequency band.
  • an increase of an electrical length with regard to the mobile radio frequency bands GSM850 and GSM900 can be brought about by means of capacitive end load by the load element.
  • the high-frequency frequency bands for DCS and PCS can be achieved by the inventive design of the loading element at the same time a reduction in the effective electrical length.
  • the loading element is designed and arranged such that for the ground plane in the longitudinal direction of the Anregerelement from an electrical length, corresponding to half a desired resonant wavelength adjusts, at the end by means of the loading element a node line of the current density distribution is enforced and is further achieved the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ground plane oriented current density at the ground plane and loading element beyond the node line in total is very small on average.
  • closed slots are formed between the loading element and the ground plane, each with a length which corresponds to a quarter of a wavelength of a target frequency.
  • the corners of the short side of the ground plane adjacent to the exciter element are chamfered.
  • Such a “sharpening" of the ground plane causes a concentration of a distribution of electric charge in the middle region of this short side of the mass plane.
  • the excitation element is also located approximately in the middle of the short side, a much larger portion of the electrical flux from that charge passes through the excitation element, which in turn results in a stronger stimulator element to ground plane coupling, lower radiation quality, and greater bandwidth
  • a further advantageous embodiment provides, alternatively or additionally, in the middle region of the short side of the ground plane, which faces the exciter element, a surface mounted perpendicular thereto, which likewise supports the concentration of the charge in the central region.
  • the excitation element is divided into an inner stimulator element section for a higher frequency spectral band and an outer stimulator element section for a lower frequency spectral band.
  • the two Anregerelementabitese are electrically separated from each other by a circumferential gap, wherein at one point a web for mechanical retention of the outer Anregerelementabitess may remain.
  • the outer stimulator element section may support the mobile radio frequency bands GSM850 and GSM900 while the inner stimulator element section is associated with the higher frequency frequency bands for DCS and PCS having their center frequencies at 1800 and 1900 MHz, respectively.
  • a separate, leading to the ground plane feed line may be provided, each with separate feed points. This allows a separate supply line for the low-frequency and the higher-frequency spectral band, wherein a coupling can take place in particular from the inner Anregerelementabites to the outer.
  • the feed line preferably has an inserted impedance whose value can be switched over or continuously adjusted, for example an inductance which can be connected.
  • the feedline may be implemented in stripline technology, and a portion of the feedline may have a switchable feedline width.
  • a switchable supply line width can be realized in that the supply line is slotted centrally in the section and one of the feeder line halves is provided with a switch. By closing the switch, the inductance can be changed from a previous non-switched state. This is preferably done by adjusting, for example, by reducing the inductance from the GSM850 band to the GSM900 band.
  • the adaptation has effects on the resonant frequencies of the feed line and excitation element unit.
  • both provided supply lines can be provided with such variable series impedance, so that it is possible to switch independently both within the lower-frequency spectrum and within the higher-frequency spectral band.
  • the exciter structure for the higher-frequency band can be switched, for example, between the settings DCS and PCS band on the one hand and PCS band and UMTS band on the other.
  • the in the FIGS. 1 to 4 fully illustrated antenna structure has a ground plane 1, which may be, for example, a ground layer of a typical used in mobile phones electrical circuit board, which is the carrier of the required electrical components to support the functionality of the mobile phone.
  • the ground plane 1 is capacitively coupled to an exciter element A1 which is divided into an outer exciter element section 2 and an inner exciter element section 3.
  • the stimulator element A1 is arranged substantially perpendicular to a plane, which is spanned by the ground plane 1.
  • the inner Anregerelementabites 3 is formed elongated long and is enclosed by the outer Anregerelementabterrorism 2, leaving a gap.
  • the outer stimulator element section 2 serves to support lower-frequency mobile radio frequency bands, for example GSM850 and GSM900, while the inner stimulator element section 3 is designed for the frequency bands lying at 1800 and 1900 MHz for DCS and PCS.
  • the two Anregerelementabitese 2, 3 can be considered as substantially independently operable Anregerium.
  • the antenna structure could also be dispensed with the division of the Anregerelements A1 in the AnregerelementabĂȘte 2 and 3 and a common exciter for all bands are used.
  • the division is advantageous on the one hand with regard to the decoupling of the feed points for the low-frequency and the higher-frequency spectral band, on the other hand with regard to the possibility of being able to tune the resonators formed by the exciter elements together with their feed lines largely unaffected by electrical switching elements.
  • the ground plane 1 has beveled corners 1a on the short side, which is assigned to the exciter element A1, which cause the charge located in the adjacent area of the ground plane 1 to generate an electrical flux which efficiently passes through the excitation element A.
  • the inner Anregerelementabites 3 is connected via a feed line 5 to the ground plane 1, which means that the feed line 5 is connected on the part of the electrical circuit board at one end point with the ground layer.
  • the feed line 5 extends over the ground plane 1, this applies in the illustrated embodiment only partially for the feed line 4 for the outer Anregerelementabites 2, because it is led out at a point perpendicular to the ground plane 1 and then parallel to the ground plane 1 to the outer Stimulator element section 2 connected.
  • This special cable routing is not of great importance for a function of the antenna structure.
  • the feed line 4 could also be arranged on the dielectric (the ground plane 1).
  • the likewise unbalanced feed point 4 a is again in the distance defined by the desired input impedance from the end point of the line 4 connected to the ground plane 1.
  • Anregerelementabitese 2, 3 are arranged adjacent to a first short side of the ground plane 1, starting from the other short side of the ground surface 1, a loading element 6 is provided, which is electrically conductively connected to the ground surface 1 approximately in the middle of this short side.
  • the loading element 6 serves in the present embodiment to shorten the effective electrical length of the ground plane 1 with respect to the DCS and PCS bands, while at the same time an increase in the electrical length for GSM850 and GSM900 is to be achieved by means of capacitive end load.
  • the reduction of the electrical length for the DCS and PCS bands is achieved by having a node line L for the current density distribution of the ground plane 1 at a distance of an effective half wavelength from the short side of the ground plane 1 adjacent to the exciter element sections 2, 3 , is produced. (see. FIG. 7 ).
  • the loading element 6 by forming a gap 7 on both sides of the ground surface 1 a resonant Shield, wherein the slot 7 corresponds to a quarter wavelength and for this reason in the illustrated embodiment in each case extends around a corner of the ground plane 1 around.
  • the quarter wave parasitic resonators thus realized are substantially non-radiative due to the opposite directions of the current density vectors on the shielding load element 6 and the ground plane 1.
  • the quarter wave parasitic resonators can be expected to incur only small dissipative losses.
  • the effective electrical length for the use of the ground plane 1 as a radiating surface for the high-frequency bands PCS and DCS is therefore formed by a portion of the ground plane 1, which lies between the Anregerelementabroughen 2, 3 and the near ends of the slots 7.
  • the loading element 6 acts as a capacitive end load for increasing the electrical length.
  • the in FIG. 7 illustrated node line is not off.
  • the loading element 6 affords the advantage that a dipole-like omnidirectional characteristic can be achieved both in the low-frequency and in the high-frequency spectral bands, which in the latter case is due to the resonant shielding by the loading element 6.
  • FIG. 5 is a portion T1 from the said region of the feed line 4 partially shown schematically.
  • the feed line 4 is slotted centrally over a distance, so that the Feeder 4 is divided into two halves.
  • One half H1 is continuous, while the other half H2 is switchable by means of a switch S. In this way, an effective conductor width in the section T can be tuned by operating the switch S.
  • the switch S By closing or opening the switch, the effective conductor width and thus the inductance of the portion T1 is changed, wherein the inductance and the conductor width are in first approximation inversely proportional to each other. In contrast, a capacity of the portion T1 remains substantially unchanged.
  • the resonance frequency of the combination of feed line 4 and stimulator element section 2 can be changed, in particular an adaptation to the GSM850 or the GSM900 band can be brought about.
  • the switch S can also be designed as a varactor, wherein in generalization of the procedure just described the series impedance of the section T1 is changed. The introduction of the switch or varactor into the feed line offers the advantage that only a relatively low HF voltage drops across the switching element.
  • a power loss in the switching element is reduced by, for example, 6 dB in comparison to the case that the total current would be switched.
  • a similar portion may also be provided in the feed line 5 for the high-frequency bands DCS and PCS.
  • section T1 of the feed line 4 is allowed to comply with a non-linearity of the components available as switching elements pertinent specifications of the support mobile standards in terms of emission mask and emission of harmonics.
  • FIG. 8 are now each a dependency between an input reflection factor at the feed point 4a of the line 4 and 5a of the line 5 and the frequency shown graphically.
  • the solid lines are respectively assigned to the tuning position for GSM850 and the dashed lines to the tuning position for GSM900. With respect to the feed point 4a, reflection minima at 850 MHz and 900 MHz are readily found, depending on the tuning position.
  • FIGS. 9, 10 an alternative embodiment of the antenna structure is shown, wherein an alternative excitation element A2 is shown together with an adjacent part of the ground plane 1.
  • the stimulator element A2 essentially corresponds to the stimulator element section 2 for the mobile radio standards GSM850 and GSM900, but is divided along a plane that runs perpendicular to the ground plane 1 and contains a longitudinal axis of the ground plane 1.
  • a feed line 8 which essentially runs like the feed line 4, extends over a section from the exciter element A2, which corresponds in length to about a quarter of a wavelength of a target frequency, divided. This creates a dipole that can be excited independently of other mobile bands.
  • the excitation of the dipole takes place symmetrically at a feed point 8a of the symmetrically slotted supply line in a higher-frequency band while the excitation for GSM850 and GSM900 as described above continues to take place asymmetrically at a feed point 8b of the feed line 8 corresponding to the feed point 4a.
  • the short side of the ground plane 1, which faces the exciter element A2 has slots 10 which extend, for example, approximately from the middle of the short side of the ground plane 1 toward the respective long sides and slightly along the respective long sides a slot length is achieved which corresponds approximately to a quarter wave resonance at the higher frequency excitation frequency of the dipole.
  • the task of these resonant slots 10 is not to short-circuit the electrical dipole field through the ground plane 1 by means of the split configuration of the feed line 8 and of the exciter element A2.
  • the above-explained antenna structures according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 are distinguished by a considerable reduction in the quality of radiation compared to conventional solutions, the immediate consequence of which is a considerable increase in bandwidth.
  • a quad-band prototype with less than three cm 3 antenna volume (exciter element volume) has already been implemented on an electrical circuit board with a total area of 100 mm ⁇ 40 mm, with a total thickness of the structure of the antenna structure of only 10 mm.
  • the arrangement of the Anregerelementabroughe 2,3 and the extended alternative embodiment of the Anregerelements A2 in the described vertical nature to the ground plane 1 also has the advantage that the entire electrical circuit board remains free on both sides for the placement of other electronic components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
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  • Transceivers (AREA)

Abstract

Structure has a body section (1) to develop an electrical current density distribution relevant for a radiation of electromagnetic waves. The section is designed in a rectangular form with two short and long sides. A flat stimulator unit (A1) is arranged perpendicular to the body section and adjacent to short sides of the section. The unit is connected with the section over a feeder (4, 5) containing solder points. The unit is divided into inner and outer stimulator sections (2, 3) for high and low frequency spectral bands, respectively.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Antennenstruktur fĂŒr mobile KommunikationsendgerĂ€te mit einer aktiven Masseebene zur Erzeugung einer fĂŒr eine Abstrahlung der elektromagnetischer Wellen maßgeblichen Stromdichteverteilung und einem Anregerelement, das kapazitiv an die Masseebene gekoppelt ist, wobei die Masseebene im Wesentlichen rechtwinkelig mit zwei kurzen und zwei langen Seiten ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to an antenna structure for mobile communication terminals having an active ground plane for generating a current density distribution relevant for radiation of the electromagnetic waves and an exciter element capacitively coupled to the ground plane, the ground plane being substantially rectangular with two short and two long sides is trained.

Eine solche Antennenstruktur, bei der das Abstrahlungs-/Empfangselement, anders als beispielsweise bei den bekannten PIFA-Antennen, von der Masseebene gebildet wird, ist beispielsweise aus dem Fachartikel " Compact Antenna Structures for Mobile Handsets", von Juha Villanen et al., veröffentlicht anlĂ€sslich des "3rd COST 284 Management Committee Meeting Workshop", Budapest, Oktober 2003 , bekannt. Theoretische HintergrĂŒnde fĂŒr eine solche Antennenstruktur finden sich außerdem in dem Fachartikel " Resonator-Based Analysis of the Combination of Mobile Handset Antenna and Chassis", von B. Vainikainen et al., erschienen in IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, Vol. 50, Nr. 10, Seiten 1433 - 1444, Oktober 2002 .Such an antenna structure, in which the radiation / reception element, unlike, for example, in the case of the known PIFA antennas, is formed by the ground plane is known, for example, from the article " Compact Antenna Structures for Mobile Handsets ", by Juha Villanen et al., Published on the occasion of the 3rd COST 284 Management Committee Meeting Workshop, Budapest, October 2003 , known. Theoretical background for such an antenna structure can also be found in the article " Resonator-Based Analysis of the Mobile Antenna and Chassis Handset ", by B. Vainikainen et al., Published in IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, Vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 1433-1444, October 2002 ,

Dieser Antennenstruktur ist es eigentĂŒmlich, dass eine fĂŒr die Abstrahlung maßgebliche Stromdichteverteilung auf einer gedruckten Schaltkreisplatine eines Mobiltelefons bzw. auf einem Chassis des Mobiltelefons selbst angeregt wird. Anstelle einer "Antenne" im herkömmlichen Sinne wird zum Erzeugen der gewĂŒnschten Stromdichteverteilung ein kapazitiv an die gedruckte Schaltkreisplatine gekoppeltes Anregerelement verwendet. Beispielsweise in dem oben erstgenannten Fachartikel wird vorgeschlagen, fĂŒr die beiden Mobilfunk-Standardfrequenzbereiche GSM900 und GSM1800 jeweils eine gesonderte Antennenstruktur vorzusehen. Dort ist das kapazitiv angekoppelte Anregerelement an einer kurzen Seite der gedruckten Schaltkreisplatine angeordnet und liegt im Wesentlichen innerhalb einer von der gedruckten Schaltkreisplatine aufgespannten Ebene. In dem GSM900 Frequenzband wurde fĂŒr eine ReflexionsdĂ€mpfung von 10 dB fĂŒr das GSM900-Frequenzband eine Bandbreite von 50 MHz und im GSM1800-Frequenzband eine Bandbreite von 95 MHz erreicht. Es handelte sich dabei jeweils um separate Strukturen. Eine Lösung, das genannte Prinzip der kapazitiven Anregung in einer gemeinsamen Struktur fĂŒr zwei weit auseinanderliegende FrequenzbĂ€nder zu realisieren, ist bisher nicht bekannt.It is peculiar to this antenna structure that a current density distribution relevant for the radiation is excited on a printed circuit board of a mobile telephone or on a chassis of the mobile telephone itself. Instead of an "antenna" in the conventional sense, a stimulator element capacitively coupled to the printed circuit board is used to produce the desired current density distribution. For example, in the above-mentioned technical article, it is proposed for the two standard mobile radio frequency bands GSM900 and GSM1800, respectively to provide a separate antenna structure. There, the capacitively coupled stimulator element is disposed on a short side of the printed circuit board and lies substantially within a plane defined by the printed circuit board. In the GSM900 frequency band, a bandwidth of 50 MHz was achieved for the GSM900 frequency band and a bandwidth of 95 MHz in the GSM1800 frequency band for a reflection attenuation of 10 dB. These were each separate structures. A solution to realize the said principle of capacitive excitation in a common structure for two widely spaced frequency bands is not yet known.

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die eingangs genannte Antennenstruktur derart zu verbessern, dass eine effektivere Anregung der Stromdichteverteilung der Masseebene erzielt wird.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to improve the above-mentioned antenna structure such that a more effective excitation of the current density distribution of the ground plane is achieved.

EP 1 079 463 A2 offenbart eine Antennenstruktur mit zwei Anregerelementen, die in einer Ebene neben einander liegend angeordnet sind. EP 1 079 463 A2 discloses an antenna structure with two exciter elements arranged in a plane next to each other.

EP 1 494 315 A1 offenbart eine Antennenstruktur mit zwei Anregerelementen, die in zwei parallelen Ebenen angeordnet sind. EP 1 494 315 A1 discloses an antenna structure with two exciter elements arranged in two parallel planes.

JP 2000 156607 offenbart ein Antennensystem mit einem inneren Empfangselement und einem Ă€ußeren Sendeelement, die einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet sind. JP 2000 156607 discloses an antenna system having an inner receiving element and an outer transmitting element arranged in a common plane.

WO 2004/109850 A1 offenbart eine frequenzvariable Antenne mit variabler Reaktanz. WO 2004/109850 A1 discloses a variable frequency variable reactance antenna.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Antennenstruktur mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by an antenna structure having the features of claim 1.

Danach ist vorgesehen eine Antennenstruktur fĂŒr mobile KommunikationsendgerĂ€te mit einer aktiven Masseebene zur Ausbildung einer fĂŒr eine Abstrahlung elektromagnetischer Wellen maßgeblichen Stromdichteverteilung und einem Anregerelement, das kapazitiv an die Masseebene gekoppelt ist, wobei die Masseebene im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig mit zwei kurzen und zwei langen Seiten ausgebildet ist, wobei das Anregerelement flach ausgebildet ist, senkrecht zu der Masseebene und einer kurzen Seite der Masseebene benachbart angeordnet ist und ĂŒber eine Speiseleitung mit der Masseebene verbunden ist.Thereafter, an antenna structure is provided for mobile communication terminals having an active ground plane for forming a current density distribution relevant for radiation of electromagnetic waves and an exciter element which is capacitively coupled to the ground plane, wherein the ground plane is formed essentially at right angles with two short and two long sides, wherein the Anregerelement is flat, is arranged perpendicular to the ground plane and a short side of the ground plane adjacent and is connected via a feed line to the ground plane.

Eine solche Anordnung des Anregerelementes hat die Folge, dass es damit in den Bereich lokal maximaler elektrischer FeldstĂ€rke einer Chassis-Ausbreitungsmode gelangt und bei gegebener Masseebene vom grĂ¶ĂŸtmöglichen elektrischen Fluss der zugehörigen Feldverteilung durchsetzt werden kann. Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders starke Kopplung an die Masseebene, die von einer Masse-Schicht einer gedruckten Schaltkreisplatine gebildet werden kann, erreicht. Dies wiederum bedeutet, eine besonders geringe StrahlungsgĂŒte und damit eine besonders hohe Bandbreite fĂŒr das Resonanzverhalten der Masseebene.Such an arrangement of the exciter element has the consequence that it thus reaches the area of locally maximum electric field strength of a chassis propagation mode and, for a given ground plane, it can be traversed by the largest possible electrical flux of the associated field distribution. On in this way, a particularly strong coupling to the ground plane, which can be formed by a ground layer of a printed circuit board, is achieved. This in turn means a particularly low radiation quality and thus a particularly high bandwidth for the resonance behavior of the ground plane.

ErfindungsgemĂ€ĂŸ ist ein kapazitives Belastungselement etwa in der Mitte der kurzen Seite der Masseebene, welche der kurzen Seite mit benachbartem Anregerelement gegenĂŒberliegt, mit der Masseebene elektrisch leitend verbunden ist.According to the invention, a capacitive load element approximately in the middle of the short side of the ground plane, which is opposite to the short side with adjacent exciter element, is electrically conductively connected to the ground plane.

Wenn beispielsweise die Abmessungen einer Schaltkreisplatine als Masseebene durch andere Randbedingungen vorgegeben sind, ist dies von Vorteil, nĂ€mlich wenn auf derjenigen kurzen Seite der Masseebene, welche der kurzen Seite mit benachbarten Anregerelement gegenĂŒberliegt, ein kapazitives Belastungselement vorgesehen ist, das zur Anpassung einer Stromdichteverteilung der Masseebene an eine gewĂŒnschtes Resonanzfrequenzband angepasst ist. Auf diese Weise kann insbesondere ein VergrĂ¶ĂŸern einer elektrischen LĂ€nge im Hinblick auf die Mobilfunk-FrequenzbĂ€nder GSM850 und GSM900 mit Hilfe kapazitiver Endbelastung durch das Belastungselement herbeigefĂŒhrt werden. Im Hinblick auf die hochfrequenten FrequenzbĂ€nder fĂŒr DCS und PCS kann dabei durch die erfindungsgemĂ€ĂŸe Gestaltung des Belastungselementes gleichzeitig eine Verringerung der wirksamen elektrischen LĂ€nge erzielt werden. Dazu ist das Belastungselement derart ausgebildet und angeordnet, dass sich fĂŒr die Masseebene in deren LĂ€ngsrichtung von dem Anregerelement aus eine elektrische LĂ€nge, entsprechend einer halben gewĂŒnschten ResonanzwellenlĂ€nge, einstellt, an deren Ende vermittels des Belastungselementes eine Knotenlinie der Stromdichteverteilung erzwungen wird und ferner erreicht wird dass die parallel zur LĂ€ngsachse der Masseebene orientierte Stromdichte auf Masseebene und Belastungselement jenseits der Knotenlinie insgesamt im Mittel sehr klein wird.If, for example, the dimensions of a circuit board are specified as a ground plane by other boundary conditions, this is advantageous, namely if a capacitive loading element is provided on that short side of the ground plane which is opposite the short side with adjacent exciter element, which is suitable for adapting a current density distribution of the ground plane adapted to a desired resonant frequency band. In this way, in particular an increase of an electrical length with regard to the mobile radio frequency bands GSM850 and GSM900 can be brought about by means of capacitive end load by the load element. With regard to the high-frequency frequency bands for DCS and PCS can be achieved by the inventive design of the loading element at the same time a reduction in the effective electrical length. For this purpose, the loading element is designed and arranged such that for the ground plane in the longitudinal direction of the Anregerelement from an electrical length, corresponding to half a desired resonant wavelength adjusts, at the end by means of the loading element a node line of the current density distribution is enforced and is further achieved the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ground plane oriented current density at the ground plane and loading element beyond the node line in total is very small on average.

Ferner ist es erfindungsgemĂ€ĂŸ vorgesehen, dass zwischen dem Belastungselement und der Masseebene geschlossene Schlitze jeweils mit einer LĂ€nge ausgebildet sind, die einem Viertel einer WellenlĂ€nge einer Zielfrequenz entspricht.Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that closed slots are formed between the loading element and the ground plane, each with a length which corresponds to a quarter of a wavelength of a target frequency.

Bevorzugt sind die Ecken der kurzen Seite der Masseebene, die dem Anregerelement benachbart ist, abgeschrĂ€gt. Ein solches "Anspitzen" der MasseflĂ€che bewirkt eine Konzentration einer Verteilung elektrischer Ladung im mittleren Bereich dieser kurzen Seite der Massenebene. Wenn das Anregerelement ebenfalls etwa in der Mitte der kurzen Seite angeordnet ist, durchsetzt ein wesentlich grĂ¶ĂŸerer Teil des von dieser Ladung ausgehenden elektrischen Flusses das Anregerelement, was wiederum eine stĂ€rkere Kopplung zwischen Anregerelement und Masseebene, eine geringere StrahlungsgĂŒte und eine dadurch grĂ¶ĂŸere Bandbreite zur Folge hat. Eine weitere vorteilhafte AusfĂŒhrungsform sieht alternativ oder zusĂ€tzlich im mittleren Bereich der kurzen Seite der Masseebene, welche dem Anregerelement zugewandt ist eine senkrecht dazu angebrachte FlĂ€che vor, die ebenfalls die Konzentration der Ladung im mittleren Bereich unterstĂŒtzt.Preferably, the corners of the short side of the ground plane adjacent to the exciter element are chamfered. Such a "sharpening" of the ground plane causes a concentration of a distribution of electric charge in the middle region of this short side of the mass plane. When the excitation element is also located approximately in the middle of the short side, a much larger portion of the electrical flux from that charge passes through the excitation element, which in turn results in a stronger stimulator element to ground plane coupling, lower radiation quality, and greater bandwidth , A further advantageous embodiment provides, alternatively or additionally, in the middle region of the short side of the ground plane, which faces the exciter element, a surface mounted perpendicular thereto, which likewise supports the concentration of the charge in the central region.

Zur UnterstĂŒtzung zweier verschiedener Mobilfunk-Frequenzbereiche, beispielsweise der Bereich fĂŒr GSM850 und GSM900 einerseits und DCS und PCS andererseits ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Anregerelement in einen inneren Anregerelementabschnitt fĂŒr ein höherfrequentes Spektralband und einen Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitt fĂŒr ein niedrigerfrequentes Spektralband aufgeteilt ist. Dabei sind dann die beiden Anregerelementabschnitte elektrisch durch einen umlaufenden Spalt voneinander getrennt, wobei an einer Stelle ein Steg zur mechanischen Halterung des Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitts verbleiben kann.To support two different mobile radio frequency ranges, for example the range for GSM850 and GSM900 on the one hand and DCS and PCS on the other hand, it is advantageous if the excitation element is divided into an inner stimulator element section for a higher frequency spectral band and an outer stimulator element section for a lower frequency spectral band. In this case, then the two Anregerelementabschnitte are electrically separated from each other by a circumferential gap, wherein at one point a web for mechanical retention of the outer Anregerelementabschnitts may remain.

In dieser Weise kann der Ă€ußere Anregerelementabschnitt zur UnterstĂŒtzung der MobilfunkfrequenzbĂ€nder GSM850 und GSM900 dienen, wĂ€hrend der innere Anregerelementabschnitt den höherfrequenten FrequenzbĂ€ndern fĂŒr DCS und PCS zugeordnet ist, die ihre Mittenfrequenzen bei 1800 bzw. 1900 MHz haben.In this way, the outer stimulator element section may support the mobile radio frequency bands GSM850 and GSM900 while the inner stimulator element section is associated with the higher frequency frequency bands for DCS and PCS having their center frequencies at 1800 and 1900 MHz, respectively.

FĂŒr jeden der Anregerelementabschnitte kann eine gesonderte, zu der Masseebene fĂŒhrende Speiseleitung mit jeweils separaten Speisepunkten vorgesehen sein. Dies ermöglicht eine getrennte Zuleitung fĂŒr das niederigerfrequente und das höherfrequente Spektralband, wobei eine Kopplung insbesondere von dem inneren Anregerelementabschnitt zu dem Ă€ußeren stattfinden kann.For each of the Anregerelementabschnitte a separate, leading to the ground plane feed line may be provided, each with separate feed points. This allows a separate supply line for the low-frequency and the higher-frequency spectral band, wherein a coupling can take place in particular from the inner Anregerelementabschnitt to the outer.

Bevorzugt weist die Speiseleitung eine eingefĂŒgte Impedanz auf, deren Wert umschaltbar oder kontinuierlich einstellbar ist, z.B. eine InduktivitĂ€t, die zuschaltbar ist. FĂŒr dieses AusfĂŒhrungsbeispiel kann die Speiseleitung in Streifenleitungstechnik ausgefĂŒhrt sein und ein TeilstĂŒck der Speiseleitung kann eine umschaltbare Speiseleitungsbreite aufweisen. Eine solche umschaltbare Speiseleitungsbreite kann dadurch realisiert sein, dass in dem TeilstĂŒck die Speiseleitung mittig geschlitzt und eine der SpeiseleitungshĂ€lften mit einem Schalter versehen ist. Durch Schließen des Schalters kann die InduktivitĂ€t gegenĂŒber einem vorhergehenden nicht zugeschalteten Zustands verĂ€ndert werden. Dies geschieht bevorzugt derart, dass beispielsweise durch Verringerung der der InduktivitĂ€t von dem GSM850-Band auf das GSM900-Band angepasst wird. Die Anpassung hat Auswirkungen fĂŒr die Resonanzfrequenzen der Einheit aus Speiseleitung und Anregungselement. SelbstverstĂ€ndlich können bei aufgeteiltem Anregerelement beide vorgesehenen Speiseleitungen mit derart variabler Serienimpedanz versehen sein, so dass sowohl innerhalb des niedrigerfrequenten als auch innerhalb des höherfrequenten Spektralbandes unabhĂ€ngig umgeschaltet werden kann. Die Anregerstruktur fĂŒr das höherfrequente Band kann dabei beispielsweise zwischen den Einstellungen DCS- und PCS-Band einerseits und PCS-Band und UMTS-Band andererseits umgeschaltet werden.The feed line preferably has an inserted impedance whose value can be switched over or continuously adjusted, for example an inductance which can be connected. For this embodiment, the feedline may be implemented in stripline technology, and a portion of the feedline may have a switchable feedline width. Such a switchable supply line width can be realized in that the supply line is slotted centrally in the section and one of the feeder line halves is provided with a switch. By closing the switch, the inductance can be changed from a previous non-switched state. This is preferably done by adjusting, for example, by reducing the inductance from the GSM850 band to the GSM900 band. The adaptation has effects on the resonant frequencies of the feed line and excitation element unit. Of course, when the excitation element is split, both provided supply lines can be provided with such variable series impedance, so that it is possible to switch independently both within the lower-frequency spectrum and within the higher-frequency spectral band. The exciter structure for the higher-frequency band can be switched, for example, between the settings DCS and PCS band on the one hand and PCS band and UMTS band on the other.

AusfĂŒhrungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen noch nĂ€her erlĂ€utert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Antennenstruktur mit zwei Anregerelementabschnitten, einer Masseebene und einem Belastungselement,
Figur 2
eine Draufsicht der Antennenstruktur von Figur 1,
Figur 3
eine Seitenansicht der Antennenstruktur von Figur 1,
Figur 4
eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht der Antennenstruktur von Fig. 1,
Figur 5
eine Ansicht eines TeilstĂŒcks einer Speiseleitung der Antennenstruktur nach Figur 1,
Figur 6
eine Aufsicht auf eine Metallisierungsstruktur im Bereich der Anregerelementabschnitte fĂŒr die Antennenstruktur von Figur 1,
Figur 7
eine Draufsicht der Antennenstruktur von Figur 1 mit Darstellung einer elektrischen Stromdichteverteilung bei Anregung im höherfrequenten Band,
Figur 8
eine graphische Darstellung einer AbhÀngigkeit zweier Eingangsreflexionsfaktoren an zwei Speisepunkten der Antennenstruktur von Figur 1 als Funktion der Frequenz,
Figur 9
eine Draufsicht auf ein alternatives Anregerelement, welches zusÀtzlich einen Diversity-Betrieb ermöglicht, und
Figur 10
eine Seitenansicht des Anregerelementes von Figur 9.
Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
a perspective view of an antenna structure with two Anregerelementabschnitten, a ground plane and a loading element,
FIG. 2
a top view of the antenna structure of FIG. 1 .
FIG. 3
a side view of the antenna structure of FIG. 1 .
FIG. 4
another perspective view of the antenna structure of Fig. 1 .
FIG. 5
a view of a portion of a feed line of the antenna structure according to FIG. 1 .
FIG. 6
a plan view of a metallization structure in the region of the Anregerelementabschnitte for the antenna structure of FIG. 1 .
FIG. 7
a top view of the antenna structure of FIG. 1 showing an electric current density distribution when excited in the higher-frequency band,
FIG. 8
a graphical representation of a dependence of two input reflection factors at two feed points of the antenna structure of FIG. 1 as a function of frequency,
FIG. 9
a plan view of an alternative stimulator element, which additionally allows a diversity operation, and
FIG. 10
a side view of the exciter element of FIG. 9 ,

Die in den Figuren 1 bis 4 vollstĂ€ndig dargestellte Antennenstruktur weist eine Masseebene 1 auf, bei der es sich beispielsweise um eine Masse-Schicht einer bei Mobiltelefonen typischer Weise eingesetzten elektrischen Schaltkreisplatine handeln kann, die TrĂ€ger der erforderlichen elektrischen Baugruppen zur UnterstĂŒtzung der FunktionalitĂ€ten des Mobiltelefons ist. Die Masseebene 1 ist kapazitiv mit einem Anregerelement A1 gekoppelt, welches in einen Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitt 2 und einen inneren Anregerelementabschnitt 3 aufgeteilt ist. Das Anregerelement A1 ist im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu einer Ebene angeordnet, welche von der Masseebene 1 aufgespannt wird. Dabei ist der innere Anregerelementabschnitt 3 lang gestreckt ausgebildet und wird von dem Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitt 2 unter Freilassung eines Spaltes umschlossen. Der Ă€ußere Anregerelementabschnitt 2 dient zur UnterstĂŒtzung von niedrigerfrequenten Mobilfunk-FrequenzbĂ€ndern, beispielsweise GSM850 und GSM900, wĂ€hrend der innere Anregerelementabschnitt 3 fĂŒr die bei 1800 bzw. 1900 MHz liegenden FrequenzbĂ€nder fĂŒr DCS und PCS ausgelegt ist. Insofern können die beiden Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3 als im Wesentlichen unabhĂ€ngig voneinander betreibbare Anregerelemente aufgefasst werden.The in the FIGS. 1 to 4 fully illustrated antenna structure has a ground plane 1, which may be, for example, a ground layer of a typical used in mobile phones electrical circuit board, which is the carrier of the required electrical components to support the functionality of the mobile phone. The ground plane 1 is capacitively coupled to an exciter element A1 which is divided into an outer exciter element section 2 and an inner exciter element section 3. The stimulator element A1 is arranged substantially perpendicular to a plane, which is spanned by the ground plane 1. In this case, the inner Anregerelementabschnitt 3 is formed elongated long and is enclosed by the outer Anregerelementabschnitt 2, leaving a gap. The outer stimulator element section 2 serves to support lower-frequency mobile radio frequency bands, for example GSM850 and GSM900, while the inner stimulator element section 3 is designed for the frequency bands lying at 1800 and 1900 MHz for DCS and PCS. In this respect, the two Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3 can be considered as substantially independently operable Anregerelemente.

Bei einem vereinfachten AusfĂŒhrungsbeispiel der Antennenstruktur könnte auch auf die Teilung des Anregerelements A1 in die Anregerelementabschnitte 2 und 3 verzichtet werden und ein gemeinsamer Anreger fĂŒr alle BĂ€nder verwendet werden. Vorteilhaft ist die Teilung zum einen in Hinblick auf die Entkopplung der Speisepunkte fĂŒr das niederfrequente und das höherfrequente Spektralband, zum anderen in Hinblick auf die Möglichkeit, die durch die Anregerelemente zusammen mit ihren Speiseleitungen gebildeten Resonatoren weitgehendst unbeeinflusst voneinander durch elektrische Schaltelemente abstimmen zu können. Von grundsĂ€tzlicher Bedeutung ist jedoch die im Wesentlichen senkrechte Anordnung der Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3, welche zur Folge hat, dass sie in den Bereich einer lokal maximalen elektrischen FeldstĂ€rke einer abstrahlenden Stromdichteverteilung auf der Masseebene 1 gelangen und damit vom grĂ¶ĂŸtmöglichen elektrischen Fluss der zugehörigen FeldstĂ€rkeverteilungen durchsetzt werden. Ergebnis ist, dass eine besonders starke Kopplung zwischen den Anregerelementabschnitten 2, 3 und den gewĂŒnschten Stromdichteverteilungen auf der Masseebene 1 herbeigefĂŒhrt wird, was eine erwĂŒnschte, geringe StrahlungsgĂŒte mit hoher Bandbreite nach sich zieht.In a simplified embodiment of the antenna structure could also be dispensed with the division of the Anregerelements A1 in the Anregerelementabschnitte 2 and 3 and a common exciter for all bands are used. The division is advantageous on the one hand with regard to the decoupling of the feed points for the low-frequency and the higher-frequency spectral band, on the other hand with regard to the possibility of being able to tune the resonators formed by the exciter elements together with their feed lines largely unaffected by electrical switching elements. Of fundamental importance, however, is the substantially vertical arrangement of the Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3, which has the consequence that they reach the region of a local maximum electric field strength of a radiating current density distribution on the ground plane 1 and thus are traversed by the maximum electrical flux of the associated field strength distributions , The result is that a particularly strong coupling between the Anregerelementabschnitten 2, 3 and the desired current density distributions on the ground plane 1 is brought about, resulting in a desired, low radiation quality with high bandwidth.

Die Masseebene 1 weist an derjenigen kurzen Seite, die dem Anregerelement A1 zugeordnet ist, abgeschrÀgte Ecken 1a auf, die bewirken, dass die in dem angrenzenden Bereich der MasseflÀche 1 befindliche Ladung einen elektrischen Fluss erzeugt, der das Anregerelement A effizient durchsetzt.The ground plane 1 has beveled corners 1a on the short side, which is assigned to the exciter element A1, which cause the charge located in the adjacent area of the ground plane 1 to generate an electrical flux which efficiently passes through the excitation element A.

Wie insbesondere aus Figur 1 deutlich hervorgeht, ist der innere Anregerelementabschnitt 3 ĂŒber eine Speiseleitung 5 mit der Masseebene 1 verbunden, was im Einzelnen heißt, dass die Speiseleitung 5 auf Seiten der elektrischen Schaltkreisplatine an einem Endpunkt mit deren Masseschicht verbunden ist. In dem durch die angestrebte Eingangsimpedanz definierten Abstand von diesem Endpunkt befindet sich ein unsymmetrische Speisepunkt 5a. WĂ€hrend die Speiseleitung 5 ĂŒber der Masseebene 1 verlĂ€uft, gilt dies in dem dargestellten AusfĂŒhrungsbeispiel nur teilweise fĂŒr die Speiseleitung 4 fĂŒr den Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitt 2, denn sie ist an einer Stelle senkrecht zu der Masseebene 1 herausgefĂŒhrt und dann parallel zu der Masseebene 1 an den Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitt 2 angeschlossen. Diese spezielle LeitungsfĂŒhrung ist fĂŒr eine Funktion der Antennenstruktur nicht von hoher Bedeutung. Die Speiseleitung 4 könnte ebenso auf dem Dielektrikum (der Masseebene 1) angeordnet sein. Der ebenfalls unsymmetrische Speisepunkt 4a befindet sich wiederum in dem durch die angestrebte Eingangsimpedanz definierten Abstand von dem mit der Masseebene 1 verbundenen Endpunkt der Leitung 4.As in particular from FIG. 1 clearly shows, the inner Anregerelementabschnitt 3 is connected via a feed line 5 to the ground plane 1, which means that the feed line 5 is connected on the part of the electrical circuit board at one end point with the ground layer. In the defined by the desired input impedance distance from this endpoint is an asymmetrical feed point 5a. While the feed line 5 extends over the ground plane 1, this applies in the illustrated embodiment only partially for the feed line 4 for the outer Anregerelementabschnitt 2, because it is led out at a point perpendicular to the ground plane 1 and then parallel to the ground plane 1 to the outer Stimulator element section 2 connected. This special cable routing is not of great importance for a function of the antenna structure. The feed line 4 could also be arranged on the dielectric (the ground plane 1). The likewise unbalanced feed point 4 a is again in the distance defined by the desired input impedance from the end point of the line 4 connected to the ground plane 1.

Aus der Figur 7 geht zudem die Ausbildung einer einem elektrischen Dipol entsprechenden resonanten Stromdichteverteilung von der Knotenlinie L bis zu der dem Anregerelement A1 zugewandten kurzen Seite der MasseflĂ€che 1 hervor, wenn die Anregung im höherfrequenten Spektralband erfolgt, wobei diese Stromdichteverteilung fĂŒr die Strahlungscharakteristik der Antennenstruktur maßgeblich ist.From the FIG. 7 In addition, the formation of a corresponding to an electric dipole resonant current density distribution of the node line L to the Anregerelement A1 facing short side of the ground plane 1, when the excitation is in the higher frequency spectral band, this current density distribution for the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure is relevant.

Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass durch die Zweiteilung des Anregungselementes A1 in die Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3 in der gewĂ€hlten Anordnung eine Anregung sowohl im hochfrequenten als auch im niedrigfrequenten Bereich ermöglicht wird, weitestgehend ohne gegenseitige Beeinflussung. Dabei wird eine kapazitive Kopplung zwischen dem inneren Anregerelementabschnitt 3 und dem Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitt 2 gezielt ausgenutzt, um eine grĂ¶ĂŸere effektive FlĂ€che fĂŒr die hochfrequenten FrequenzbĂ€nder wie DCS und PCS bereitzustellen. Dabei koppelt der innere Anregerelementabschnitt 3, der fĂŒr die hochfrequenten BĂ€nder wirksam ist, teilweise direkt auf die Masseebene 1 und teilweise indirekt, unter Zwischenschaltung des Ă€ußeren Anregerelementabschnitts 2 mit der Masseebene 1. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Lösung gegenĂŒber einer multiresonanten Antennenstruktur besteht darin, dass aufgrund der elektrischen Abstimmbarkeit in beiden BĂ€ndern, d. h. dem niedrigfrequenten Spektralband und dem hochfrequenten Spektralband, jeweils höhere Nutzbandbreiten erreichbar sind, als es sonst möglich wĂ€re.It should be pointed out that, due to the division of the excitation element A1 into the excitation element sections 2, 3 in the selected arrangement, excitation occurs both in the high-frequency range and in the low-frequency range is possible, largely without mutual interference. In this case, a capacitive coupling between the inner Anregerelementabschnitt 3 and the outer Anregerelementabschnitt 2 is deliberately exploited to provide a larger effective area for the high-frequency frequency bands such as DCS and PCS. In this case, the inner Anregerelementabschnitt 3, which is effective for the high-frequency bands, partially coupled directly to the ground plane 1 and partially indirectly, with the interposition of the outer Anregerelementabschnitts 2 with the ground plane 1. A major advantage of this solution over a multiresonanten antenna structure is that due the electrical tunability in both bands, ie the low-frequency spectral band and the high-frequency spectral band, each higher useful bandwidths are achievable, as it would otherwise be possible.

WÀhrend die Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3 einer ersten kurzen Seite der MasseflÀche 1 benachbart angeordnet sind, ist ausgehend von der anderen kurzen Seite der MasseflÀche 1 ein Belastungselement 6 vorgesehen, das etwa in der Mitte dieser kurzen Seite elektrisch leitend mit der MasseflÀche 1 verbunden ist.While the Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3 are arranged adjacent to a first short side of the ground plane 1, starting from the other short side of the ground surface 1, a loading element 6 is provided, which is electrically conductively connected to the ground surface 1 approximately in the middle of this short side.

Das Belastungselement 6 dient im vorliegenden AusfĂŒhrungsbeispiel zur VerkĂŒrzung der wirksamen elektrischen LĂ€nge der Masseebene 1 im Hinblick auf die DCS- und PCS-BĂ€nder, wĂ€hrend gleichzeitig eine VergrĂ¶ĂŸerung der elektrischen LĂ€nge fĂŒr GSM850 und GSM900 mittels kapazitiver Endbelastung erreicht werden soll. Die Verringerung der elektrischen LĂ€nge fĂŒr das DCS- und das PCS-Band wird dadurch erreicht, dass eine Knotenlinie L fĂŒr die Stromdichteverteilung der Masseebene 1 in einem Abstand einer effektiven HalbwellenlĂ€nge von der kurzen Seite der Masseebene 1, der die Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3 benachbart sind, erzeugt wird. (vgl. Figur 7). Zu diesem Zweck bewirkt das Belastungselement 6 durch Ausbildung eines Spaltes 7 zu beiden Seiten der MasseflĂ€che 1 eine resonante Abschirmung, wobei der Schlitz 7 einer ViertelwellenlĂ€nge entspricht und aus diesem Grunde im dargestellten AusfĂŒhrungsbeispiel jeweils um eine Ecke der Masseebene 1 herum verlĂ€uft. Die derart realisierten parasitĂ€ren Viertelwellenresonatoren sind im Wesentlichen nicht strahlend aufgrund der entgegensetzten Richtungen der Stromdichtevektoren auf dem abschirmend wirkenden Belastungselement 6 und der Masseebene 1. FĂŒr die parasitĂ€ren Viertelwellenresonatoren kann erwartet werden, dass sie nur geringe dissipative Verluste mit sich bringen.The loading element 6 serves in the present embodiment to shorten the effective electrical length of the ground plane 1 with respect to the DCS and PCS bands, while at the same time an increase in the electrical length for GSM850 and GSM900 is to be achieved by means of capacitive end load. The reduction of the electrical length for the DCS and PCS bands is achieved by having a node line L for the current density distribution of the ground plane 1 at a distance of an effective half wavelength from the short side of the ground plane 1 adjacent to the exciter element sections 2, 3 , is produced. (see. FIG. 7 ). For this purpose causes the loading element 6 by forming a gap 7 on both sides of the ground surface 1 a resonant Shield, wherein the slot 7 corresponds to a quarter wavelength and for this reason in the illustrated embodiment in each case extends around a corner of the ground plane 1 around. The quarter wave parasitic resonators thus realized are substantially non-radiative due to the opposite directions of the current density vectors on the shielding load element 6 and the ground plane 1. The quarter wave parasitic resonators can be expected to incur only small dissipative losses.

Die effektive elektrische LĂ€nge fĂŒr die Benutzung der MasseflĂ€che 1 als AbstrahlungsflĂ€che fĂŒr die hochfrequenten BĂ€nder PCS und DCS wird daher von einem Anteil der MasseflĂ€che 1 gebildet, der zwischen den Anregerelementabschnitten 2, 3 und den nahen Enden der Schlitze 7 liegt.The effective electrical length for the use of the ground plane 1 as a radiating surface for the high-frequency bands PCS and DCS is therefore formed by a portion of the ground plane 1, which lies between the Anregerelementabschnitten 2, 3 and the near ends of the slots 7.

Im Hinblick auf die niedrigfrequenten SpektralbĂ€nder fĂŒr die Mobilfunk-Standards GSM850 und GSM900 wirkt das Belastungselement 6 als kapazitive Endbelastung zur VergrĂ¶ĂŸerung der elektrischen LĂ€nge. Hier bildet sich die in Figur 7 dargestellte Knotenlinie nicht aus.With regard to the low-frequency spectral bands for the GSM850 and GSM900 mobile radio standards, the loading element 6 acts as a capacitive end load for increasing the electrical length. Here forms the in FIG. 7 illustrated node line is not off.

Das Belastungselement 6 gewĂ€hrt den Vorteil, dass sowohl in den niederfrequenten als auch in den hochfrequenten SpektralbĂ€ndern eine dipolĂ€hnliche Rundstrahl-Charakteristik erzielt werden kann, was in letzterem Falle auf die resonante Abschirmung durch das Belastungselement 6 zurĂŒckzufĂŒhren ist.The loading element 6 affords the advantage that a dipole-like omnidirectional characteristic can be achieved both in the low-frequency and in the high-frequency spectral bands, which in the latter case is due to the resonant shielding by the loading element 6.

Nachfolgend wird erlĂ€utert, wie mit Hilfe von Modifikationen beispielsweise an der Speiseleitung 4 im Bereich zwischen dem Speisepunkt 4a und dem Anregerelementabschnitt 2, erreicht werden kann, dass sich der Ă€ußere Anregerelementabschnitt 2 abstimmen lĂ€sst. In der Figur 5 ist ein TeilstĂŒck T1 aus dem genannten Bereich der Speiseleitung 4 teilweise schematisch dargestellt. In diesem TeilstĂŒck T1 ist die Speiseleitung 4 ĂŒber eine Strecke mittig geschlitzt, so dass die Speiseleitung 4 in zwei HĂ€lften aufgeteilt wird. Die eine HĂ€lfte H1 ist durchgehend, wĂ€hrend die andere HĂ€lfte H2 mit Hilfe eines Schalters S zuschaltbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine effektive Leiterbreite in dem TeilstĂŒck T durch BetĂ€tigung des Schalters S abgestimmt werden. Durch Schließen oder Öffnen des Schalters wird die effektive Leiterbreite und damit die InduktivitĂ€t des TeilstĂŒcks T1 verĂ€ndert, wobei die InduktivitĂ€t und die Leiterbreite in erster NĂ€herung im umgekehrt proportionalen VerhĂ€ltnis zueinander stehen. DemgegenĂŒber bleibt eine KapazitĂ€t des TeilstĂŒcks T1 im Wesentlichen unverĂ€ndert. Durch BetĂ€tigen des Schalters S kann die Resonanzfrequenz der Kombination aus Speiseleitung 4 und Anregerelementabschnitt 2 verĂ€ndert werden, insbesondere eine Anpassung an das GSM850 oder das GSM900 Band herbeigefĂŒhrt werden. Der Schalter S kann alternativ auch als Varaktor ausgefĂŒhrt sein wobei in Verallgemeinerung des eben beschriebenen Vorgehens die Serienimpedanz des TeilstĂŒckes T1 verĂ€ndert wird. Das Einbringen des Schalters bzw. Varaktors in die Speiseleitung bietet den Vorteil, dass ĂŒber dem Schaltelement nur eine relativ geringe HF-Spannung abfĂ€llt. Da auch nur etwa die HĂ€lfte des Stroms durch den Schalter S fließt, verringert sich eine Verlustleistung im Schaltelement um beispielsweise 6 dB im Vergleich zu dem Fall dass der Gesamtstrom geschaltet wĂŒrde. Obwohl in den Figuren nicht gezeigt, kann ein ebensolches TeilstĂŒck auch in der Speiseleitung 5 fĂŒr die hochfrequenten BĂ€nder DCS und PCS vorgesehen sein.The text below explains how it can be achieved by means of modifications, for example on the feed line 4 in the region between the feed point 4a and the stimulator element section 2, that the outer stimulator element section 2 can be tuned. In the FIG. 5 is a portion T1 from the said region of the feed line 4 partially shown schematically. In this section T1, the feed line 4 is slotted centrally over a distance, so that the Feeder 4 is divided into two halves. One half H1 is continuous, while the other half H2 is switchable by means of a switch S. In this way, an effective conductor width in the section T can be tuned by operating the switch S. By closing or opening the switch, the effective conductor width and thus the inductance of the portion T1 is changed, wherein the inductance and the conductor width are in first approximation inversely proportional to each other. In contrast, a capacity of the portion T1 remains substantially unchanged. By actuating the switch S, the resonance frequency of the combination of feed line 4 and stimulator element section 2 can be changed, in particular an adaptation to the GSM850 or the GSM900 band can be brought about. Alternatively, the switch S can also be designed as a varactor, wherein in generalization of the procedure just described the series impedance of the section T1 is changed. The introduction of the switch or varactor into the feed line offers the advantage that only a relatively low HF voltage drops across the switching element. Since only about half of the current flows through the switch S, a power loss in the switching element is reduced by, for example, 6 dB in comparison to the case that the total current would be switched. Although not shown in the figures, a similar portion may also be provided in the feed line 5 for the high-frequency bands DCS and PCS.

Es ist hervorzuheben, dass es durch die Ausbildung des in Figur 5 dargestellten TeilstĂŒcks T1 der Speiseleitung 4 ermöglicht wird, trotz einer Nicht-LinearitĂ€t der als Schaltelemente zur VerfĂŒgung stehenden Bauelemente einschlĂ€gige Spezifikationen der zu unterstĂŒtzenden Mobilfunkstandards hinsichtlich Emissionsmaske und Abstrahlung von Harmonischen einzuhalten.It should be emphasized that it is due to the training of in FIG. 5 shown section T1 of the feed line 4 is allowed to comply with a non-linearity of the components available as switching elements pertinent specifications of the support mobile standards in terms of emission mask and emission of harmonics.

Aus der Figur 6 geht die Ausbildung der Speiseleitungen 4, 5 zu den Anregerelementabschnitten 2, 3 im Vergleich zur Figur 1 mehr im Detail hervor. Auch dort ist ein TeilstĂŒck T2 der Speiseleitung 4 zwischen dem Speisepunkt 4a und dem Anregerelement 2 mittig geschlitzt. Eine zuschaltbare HĂ€lfte dieses TeilstĂŒcks T2 der Speiseleitung 4 ist dort beispielsweise mit zwei Leiterbahnunterbrechungen 4b zur Aufnahme zweier in Serie geschalteter Schaltelemente ausgefĂŒhrt, wobei es sich um Halbleiterschalter, z.B. Feldeffekttransistoren oder Halbleitervaraktoren oder Mikoelektromechanische Schalter (MEMS Schalter)handeln kann.From the FIG. 6 the training of the feeders 4, 5 to the Anregerelementabschnitten 2, 3 compared to figure 1 more in detail. There is a section T2 of the feed line 4 between the feed point 4a and the Anregerelement 2 slotted centrally. A switchable half of this section T2 of the feed line 4 is executed there, for example, with two interconnect breaks 4b for receiving two series-connected switching elements, which may be semiconductor switches, eg field effect transistors or semiconductor or Mikoelektromechanische switch (MEMS switch).

In der Figur 8 sind nunmehr jeweils eine AbhĂ€ngigkeit zwischen einem Eingangsreflexionsfaktor am Speisepunkt 4a der Leitung 4 bzw. 5a der Leitung 5 und der Frequenz graphisch dargestellt. Die durchgezogenen Linien sind jeweils der Abstimmposition fĂŒr GSM850 und die gestrichelten Linien der Abstimmposition fĂŒr GSM900 zugeordnet. BezĂŒglich des Speisepunktes 4a finden sich ohne weiteres, in AbhĂ€ngigkeit von der Abstimmposition, Reflexionsminima bei 850 MHz bzw. 900 MHz. BezĂŒglich des Speisepunktes 5a findet sich, unabhĂ€ngig von der Abstimmposition, ein weiterer Bereich geringen Eingangsreflexionsfaktors von 1700 MHz bis 2000 MHz, der im wesentlichen auf die Halbwellenresonanz auf der Masseebene 1 im Bereich zwischen der anregerseitigen kurzen Seite der Masseebne und der Knotenlinie L zurĂŒckzufĂŒhren ist und der durch Kopplung mit der Resonanz des durch die Speiseleitung 5 und das Anregerelement 3 gebildeten Resonators zusĂ€tzlich verbreitert wird.In the FIG. 8 are now each a dependency between an input reflection factor at the feed point 4a of the line 4 and 5a of the line 5 and the frequency shown graphically. The solid lines are respectively assigned to the tuning position for GSM850 and the dashed lines to the tuning position for GSM900. With respect to the feed point 4a, reflection minima at 850 MHz and 900 MHz are readily found, depending on the tuning position. With respect to the feeding point 5a, regardless of the tuning position, there is another range of low input reflection factor from 1700 MHz to 2000 MHz, which is mainly due to the half wave resonance at the ground plane 1 in the region between the exciting side short side of the ground plane and the node line L, and which is additionally widened by coupling with the resonance of the resonator formed by the feed line 5 and the exciter 3.

In den Figuren 9, 10 ist eine alternative AusfĂŒhrungsform der Antennenstruktur gezeigt, wobei ein alternatives Anregerelement A2 zusammen mit einem benachbarten Teil der Masseebene 1 dargestellt ist. Das Anregerelement A2 entspricht im Wesentlichen dem Anregerelementabschnitt 2 fĂŒr die Mobilfunkstandards GSM850 und GSM900, ist jedoch entlang einer Ebene, die senkrecht zur Masseebene 1 verlĂ€uft und eine LĂ€ngsachse der Masseebene 1 enthĂ€lt, geteilt. Auch ist eine Speiseleitung 8, die im Wesentlichen wie die Speiseleitung 4 verlĂ€uft, ĂŒber einen Abschnitt von dem Anregerelement A2 aus, der hinsichtlich seiner LĂ€nge etwa einem Viertel einer WellenlĂ€nge einer Zielfrequenz entspricht, geteilt. Auf diese Weise entsteht ein Dipol, der unabhĂ€ngig von weiteren MobilfunkbĂ€ndern angeregt werden kann. Dabei erfolgt die Anregung des Dipols symmetrisch an einem Speisepunkt 8a der symmetrisch geschlitzen Zuleitung in einem höherfrequenten Band wĂ€hrend die Anregung fĂŒr GSM850 und GSM900 wie zuvor beschrieben weiterhin unsymmetrisch an einem dem Speisepunkt 4a entsprechenden Speisepunkt 8b der Speiseleitung 8 erfolgt. Die kurze Seite der Masseebene 1, die dem Anregerelement A2 zugewandt ist, weist Schlitze 10 auf, die beispielsweise etwa von der Mitte der kurzen Seite der Masseebene 1 aus in Richtung auf die jeweiligen langen Seiten und ein StĂŒck entlang der jeweiligen langen Seiten verlaufen, so dass eine SchlitzlĂ€nge erreicht wird, welche etwa einer Viertelwellenresonanz bei der höherfrequenten Anregungsfrequenz des Dipols entspricht. Aufgabe dieser resonanten Schlitze 10 ist es, das mit Hilfe der geteilten Ausbildung der Speiseleitung 8 und des Anregerelementes A2 ermöglichte elektrische Dipolfeld nicht durch die Masseebene 1 kurzzuschließen.In the FIGS. 9, 10 an alternative embodiment of the antenna structure is shown, wherein an alternative excitation element A2 is shown together with an adjacent part of the ground plane 1. The stimulator element A2 essentially corresponds to the stimulator element section 2 for the mobile radio standards GSM850 and GSM900, but is divided along a plane that runs perpendicular to the ground plane 1 and contains a longitudinal axis of the ground plane 1. Also, a feed line 8, which essentially runs like the feed line 4, extends over a section from the exciter element A2, which corresponds in length to about a quarter of a wavelength of a target frequency, divided. This creates a dipole that can be excited independently of other mobile bands. In this case, the excitation of the dipole takes place symmetrically at a feed point 8a of the symmetrically slotted supply line in a higher-frequency band while the excitation for GSM850 and GSM900 as described above continues to take place asymmetrically at a feed point 8b of the feed line 8 corresponding to the feed point 4a. The short side of the ground plane 1, which faces the exciter element A2, has slots 10 which extend, for example, approximately from the middle of the short side of the ground plane 1 toward the respective long sides and slightly along the respective long sides a slot length is achieved which corresponds approximately to a quarter wave resonance at the higher frequency excitation frequency of the dipole. The task of these resonant slots 10 is not to short-circuit the electrical dipole field through the ground plane 1 by means of the split configuration of the feed line 8 and of the exciter element A2.

Die zur Realisierung einer Viertelwellenleitung mit hoher Impedanz am offenen Ende symmetrische Teilung des Anregerelementabschnittes 2 und seiner Speiseleitung 4 sowie die symmetrische Schlitzung der Masseebene 1, welche zu der Anordnung nach Fig. 9 fĂŒhrt, kann nun dahingehend erweitert werden, dass auch der Anregerelementabschnitt 3 wieder eingefĂŒhrt und zusammen mit seiner Speiseleitung 5 ebenfalls symmetrisch so geteilt wird, dass ein Kurzschluss des Dipolfeldes des Dipols, welcher gemeinsam mit dem Anregerelementabschnitt 2 realisiert wurde, vermieden wird. Es stehen dann in einem höherfrequenten Spektralbereich zwei unabhĂ€ngige Strahler zur VerfĂŒgung, von denen einer durch Anregung des Chassis vermittels Anregerelementabschnitt 3 und einer als Dipol realisiert ist. Aufgrund einer OrthogonalitĂ€t der Feldverteilungen des Dipolfeldes und der Chassis-Ausbreitungsmode kann eine ausgezeichnete Entkopplung erwartet werden. Durch die Maßnahmen wird eine zusĂ€tzliche resonante Antenne mit unterschiedlicher Polarisation und Richtcharakteristik und separatem Speisepunkt erreicht, die fĂŒr eine Empfangs-Vielfalt beispielsweise im UMTS-Band oder alternativ im PCS-Band einsetzbar ist. Die Funktion der ursprĂŒnglich ungeteilten Anregerelementabschnitte 2, 3 bleibt dabei auch in der geteilten Realisierung zur Anregung des Chassis in einem niedrigeren Frequenzband und in einem höheren Frequenzband erhalten.The symmetrical for the realization of a quarter-wave line with high impedance at the open end division of the Anregerelementabschnittes 2 and its feed line 4 and the symmetrical slits of the ground plane 1, which the arrangement according to Fig. 9 leads can now be extended to the effect that the Anregerelementabschnitt 3 is reintroduced and also divided symmetrically with its feed line 5 so that a short circuit of the dipole field of the dipole, which was realized together with the Anregerelementabschnitt 2, is avoided. There are then in a higher-frequency spectral range, two independent radiators available, one of which is realized by excitation of the chassis by means of Anregerelementabschnitt 3 and one as a dipole. Due to an orthogonality of the field distributions of the dipole field and the chassis propagation mode, excellent decoupling can be achieved to be expected. The measures an additional resonant antenna with different polarization and directional characteristics and separate feed point is achieved, which can be used for a reception variety, for example in the UMTS band or alternatively in the PCS band. The function of the originally undivided excitation element sections 2, 3 also remains in the shared implementation for excitation of the chassis in a lower frequency band and in a higher frequency band.

Die oben erlĂ€uterten Antennenstrukturen gemĂ€ĂŸ den Figuren 1 bis 4 zeichnen sich insbesondere durch eine erhebliche Reduzierung der StrahlungsgĂŒte gegenĂŒber konventionellen Lösungen aus, deren unmittelbare Folge eine erhebliche Erhöhung einer Bandbreite ist.The above-explained antenna structures according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 In particular, they are distinguished by a considerable reduction in the quality of radiation compared to conventional solutions, the immediate consequence of which is a considerable increase in bandwidth.

Erste Messungen haben gezeigt, dass die Anregerelementabschnitte 2,3 bezĂŒglich eine Verstimmung der Antennenstruktur beispielsweise durch den Kopf oder eine Hand eines Benutzers sehr unempfindlich sind, was fĂŒr einen praktischen Einsatz der Antennenstruktur von hervorgehobener Bedeutung ist. FĂŒr die beiden hochfrequenten MobilfunkbĂ€nder DCS und PCS ergibt sich eine verbesserte Richtcharakteristik die zu einer Erhöhung der sog. "Near Horizon Partial Radiated Power" fĂŒhrt. Auch fĂŒr die unteren MobilfunkbĂ€nder, wie GSM850 und GSM900, ergibt sich eine verbesserte Antenneneffizienz.First measurements have shown that the excitation element sections 2, 3 are very insensitive to detuning of the antenna structure, for example by the head or a hand of a user, which is of great importance for practical use of the antenna structure. For the two high-frequency mobile radio bands DCS and PCS results in an improved directional characteristic which leads to an increase of the so-called "near horizon partially radiated power". Also for the lower mobile bands, such as GSM850 and GSM900, results in improved antenna efficiency.

Die genannten Vorteile werden erreicht, obwohl zugleich ein Volumen der Antennenstruktur im Vergleich zu beispielsweise den heute hĂ€ufig verwendeten PIFA-Antennen erheblich verkleinert werden kann. Realisiert wurde bereits ein Quadband-Prototyp mit weniger als drei cm3 Antennenvolumen (Anregerelementvolumen) auf einer elektrischen Schaltkreisplatine mit einer GesamtflĂ€che von 100 mm x 40 mm, und zwar bei einer Gesamtdicke des Aufbaus der Antennenstruktur von lediglich 10 mm. Der Quadband-Prototyp zeigte in den vier Mobilfunk-FrequenzbĂ€ndern bei 850, 900, 1800 und 1900 MHz eine ReflexionsdĂ€mpfung von wenigstens 10 dB.The above advantages are achieved, although at the same time a volume of the antenna structure compared to, for example, the PIFA antennas commonly used today can be significantly reduced. A quad-band prototype with less than three cm 3 antenna volume (exciter element volume) has already been implemented on an electrical circuit board with a total area of 100 mm × 40 mm, with a total thickness of the structure of the antenna structure of only 10 mm. The quad-band prototype demonstrated in the four mobile radio frequency bands at 850, 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz, a reflection attenuation of at least 10 dB.

Die Anordnung der Anregerelementabschnitte 2,3 bzw. der erweiterten, alternativen AusfĂŒhrungsform des Anregerelements A2 in der beschriebenen senkrechten Art zur Masseebene 1 hat außerdem den Vorteil, dass die gesamte elektrische Schaltkreisplatine auf beiden Seiten frei zur Platzierung von weiteren elektronischen Komponenten bleibt.The arrangement of the Anregerelementabschnitte 2,3 and the extended alternative embodiment of the Anregerelements A2 in the described vertical nature to the ground plane 1 also has the advantage that the entire electrical circuit board remains free on both sides for the placement of other electronic components.

Claims (13)

  1. An antenna structure for mobile communication terminal devices comprising
    an active ground plane (1) for formation of a current density distribution decisive for a radiation of electromagnetic waves, and
    an exciter element (A1, A2) capacitively coupled to the ground plane (1), wherein the ground plane (1) is substantially orthogonally formed with two short and two long sides, wherein the exciter element (A1, A2) is formed flat, perpendicular to the ground plane (1) and adjacent to a short side of the ground plane (1) and is connected via a feed line (4, 5, 8) containing a feed point (4a, 5a, 8a, 8b) with the ground plane (1),
    characterised in that
    a capacitive load element (6) is electrically conductively connected with the ground plane (1) approximately in the middle of the short side of the ground plane (1) facing the short side with the adjacent exciter element (A1, A2), and
    closed slots (7) each having one length are formed between the load element (6) and the ground plane (1) corresponding to a quarter of a wavelength of a target frequency.
  2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the closed slots (7), each departing from the short side of the ground plane (1) opposing the short sides with adjacent exciter element (A1, A2), extend around a corresponding corner of the ground plane.
  3. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the corners (1 a) of the short side of the ground plane (1) adjacent to the exciter element (A1, A2) are chamfered.
  4. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the exciter element (A1, A2) is divided into an inner exciter element portion (2) for a spectral band of a higher frequency and an outer exciter element portion (3) for a spectral band of a lower frequency.
  5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterised in that a separate feed line (4, 5, 8) leading to the ground plane (1) is provided for each of the exciter element portions (2, 3).
  6. The antenna structure according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterised in that the inner and the outer exciter element portions (2, 3) are mechanically connected at one position in radial direction of the exciter element (A1, A2).
  7. The antenna structure according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the feed line (4, 5, 8) has an inserted, switchable or variable impedance.
  8. The antenna structure according to claim 7, characterised in that the feed line (4, 5, 8) is carried out in strip line technology and a part of the feed line (4, 5, 8) has a switchable feed line breadth.
  9. The antenna structure according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the feed line (4, 5, 8) is slotted in the middle in the part (T1, T2) and one of the feed line halves (H1) is provided with a switch (S) or a varactor diode.
  10. The antenna structure according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the exciter element (A2) is divided along a plane extending perpendicularly to the ground plane (1) and containing a longitudinal axis of the ground plane (1), and the feed line (8) is divided by means of a portion from the exciter element (A2), which corresponds concerning its length approximately to one quarter of a wavelength of the target frequency and the short side facing the exciter element (A2) has resonant slots (10), the length of which corresponds approximately to a quarter wavelength resonance at an excitation of the exciter element (A2) with the target frequency.
  11. The antenna structure according to claim 10, characterised in that the divided portion of the feed line (8) corresponds to an idling symmetrical quarter wave line seen from the exciter element (A2) and short-circuited at the other end at a target frequency and is provided with a symmetrical feed point (8a).
  12. The antenna structure according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterised in that the exciter element (A2) is provided with a symmetrical feed point (8a) and an asymmetrical feed point (8b).
  13. An antenna arrangement according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the resonant slots (10) extend approximately from the middle of the short side of the ground plane (1) towards the respective long sides.
EP05011708A 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 Antenna structure for mobile communication terminals Expired - Lifetime EP1732165B1 (en)

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AT05011708T ATE488882T1 (en) 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 ANTENNA STRUCTURE FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION TERMINALS
DE502005010551T DE502005010551D1 (en) 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 Antenna structure for mobile communication terminals
EP05011708A EP1732165B1 (en) 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 Antenna structure for mobile communication terminals

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JPH11355021A (en) * 1998-06-11 1999-12-24 Nec Shizuoka Ltd Portable miniaturized radio terminal
JP2000156607A (en) 1998-07-02 2000-06-06 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Antenna device and communication system, digital television broadcast receiving device
US6239765B1 (en) 1999-02-27 2001-05-29 Rangestar Wireless, Inc. Asymmetric dipole antenna assembly
JP2002171111A (en) * 2000-12-04 2002-06-14 Anten Corp Portable radio and antenna for it
DE112004000869T5 (en) 2003-06-04 2006-03-16 Murata Mfg. Co., Ltd., Nagaokakyo Variable frequency antenna and communication device comprising the same
CN100414771C (en) 2003-06-30 2008-08-27 æ—„æœŹç””æ°”æ ȘćŒäŒšç€Ÿ Antenna structure and communication apparatus

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DE502005010551D1 (en) 2010-12-30
EP1732165A1 (en) 2006-12-13
ATE488882T1 (en) 2010-12-15

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