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EP1716580A1 - Method for producing coated electrical wires - Google Patents

Method for producing coated electrical wires

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Publication number
EP1716580A1
EP1716580A1 EP05707891A EP05707891A EP1716580A1 EP 1716580 A1 EP1716580 A1 EP 1716580A1 EP 05707891 A EP05707891 A EP 05707891A EP 05707891 A EP05707891 A EP 05707891A EP 1716580 A1 EP1716580 A1 EP 1716580A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxirane
baked
component
radical
following form
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05707891A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1716580B1 (en
Inventor
Marcus Meichsner
Günter STEVENS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Altana Electrical Insulation GmbH
Original Assignee
Altana Electrical Insulation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Altana Electrical Insulation GmbH filed Critical Altana Electrical Insulation GmbH
Priority to PL05707891T priority Critical patent/PL1716580T3/en
Publication of EP1716580A1 publication Critical patent/EP1716580A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1716580B1 publication Critical patent/EP1716580B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/40—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes epoxy resins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/308—Wires with resins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing coated electric wires.
  • winding carriers used for the production of motors, solenoids, solenoids and generators are often exposed to strong mechanical loads. Especially with high-speed rotors, the resulting centrifugal and centripetal forces, which act on the windings of the moving components, quite considerable.
  • windings are fixed at an early stage. This is done by impregnation with impregnating varnishes or impregnating resins.
  • the impregnating varnishes or impregnating resins must be hardened. This is usually achieved by oven hardening the component at elevated temperatures over an extended period of time.
  • the principle of the baked coatings is based on the thermoplastic property, which allows bonding of the finished painted wires after winding the coil.
  • the baked enamel layer which is expediently applied over an existing base insulation of the enameled wire, is first melted, wherein the interwinding spaces are partially filled with the molten thermoplastic and thus glue the individual windings over the thermoplastic.
  • all windings are fixed to one another, deformation of the winding, which would cause a change in the inductance, in particular in the case of self-supporting coils, can thus be prevented.
  • the melting of the baked enamel is thermally, on the one hand on the tempering of prefabricated components in the heater and the other electrically by power surge.
  • baked enamels in the production of reels of all kinds caused the designers to develop new devices for the winding technology.
  • baked enamels are used in almost all areas of enamelled wire processing for winding fixation, even with high thermal requirements.
  • Different classes of substances are used as a basis for baked enamels, depending on the field of application.
  • EP 1 096 510 describes the use of polyvinyl acetals (PVA). The thermal and mechanical property level of these baked coatings is modest.
  • EP 0 331 823 describes polyvinyl butyrals and formals. Due to a relatively high average water absorption and a relatively low softening point of the polyvinyl butyrals, these materials are reluctantly used.
  • EP 0 399 396 describes polyamides for use as baked enamels.
  • polyamides which are suitable for use as a baked-on binder, there are far more possibilities for variation than in the other substance classes.
  • a wide range of copolyamides of aromatic and / or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, aromatic and / or aliphatic diamines and predominantly aromatic diisocyanates are known and are optionally used modified with blocked polyisocyanates.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a baked enamel which is solvent-free and curable by UV light.
  • UV-curable baked enamels which comprise a) one or more oxirane-based binders, b) one or more UV crosslinking catalysts, c) optionally reactive diluents, d) optionally chain transfer agents, and e) others contain usual additives.
  • the baked coatings according to the invention are free from solvents of any kind, with water also counting as solvent.
  • the described UV-curable baked enamels contain:
  • oxirane-based binders b) 1-10% UV crosslinking catalysts, c) 0-80% reactive diluents, d) 0-40% chain transfer agents, and e) 1-8% additives, stabilizers, etc.
  • UV-curable baked enamels preferred according to the invention contain: a) 60-93% oxirane-based binder b) 2-6% UV crosslinking catalysts, c) 0-70% reactive diluents, d) 0-35% chain transfer agents, and e) 1-3% additives, stabilizers, etc.
  • the binders a) preferably contain cycloaliphatic Oxiranvepressiveen the general form
  • Ri is a hydrogen, a carboxylate radical of the stated form
  • R 2 is a methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl radical or another oxirane ring, or another oxirane compound of the type
  • R 3 is a hydroxyethyl radical or an oxirane compound of the following form
  • R and R5 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain of 2-6
  • Suitable for the production of baked enamels is 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, which is available under the name "Cyracure UVR 6110" from Union Carbide Corporation.
  • Suitable aromatic dicarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acid dimethyl esters are, for example, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, terephthalic acid dimethyl ester, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester. Particularly preferred are isophthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate.
  • Suitable aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are, for example, adipic acid, azelaic acid and decanedicarboxylic acid, with adipic acid being particularly preferred.
  • polyols inter alia ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and butanediol-1, 4 use. Mixtures of ethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol have proven particularly advantageous for the described application.
  • Suitable UV crosslinking catalyst b) is preferably a photoinitiator suitable for cationic photopolymerization, or an initiator mixture.
  • Preferred for the baked enamines of the present invention is the mixed arylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate salt of the following form
  • component b) may also contain other customary UV crosslinking catalysts.
  • reactive diluents c preference is given to low molecular weight oxiranes, oxetanes and the like. into consideration with the oxiranes according to the invention copolymerizable compounds.
  • polyester polyols having molecular weights between 500 and 2000 g / mol are advantageous, preferably polyester polyols having an average molecular weight between 500 and 1000 g / mol.
  • leveling agents e) it is possible to use surface-modified polydisiloxanes, for example the "Byk 306" from Byk Chemie GmbH.
  • Example 1 Preparation of a dioxirane from polyethylene glycol 400 and methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (dioxirane I)
  • 31.2 g of methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylats are mixed with 97 g of dimethyl terephthalate, 15.5 g of ethylene glycol and 26.0 g of neopentyl glycol, with nitrogen as a protective gas, mixed with 0.2 g of tetrabutyl titanate and with elimination of 38, 4 g of methanol transesterified at 180-200 ° C. 131.5 g of a waxy polyester dioxirane are obtained.
  • 31.2 g of methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate are mixed with 73 g of adipic acid, 15.5 g of ethylene glycol and 26.0 g of neopentyl glycol, with nitrogen as inert gas, mixed with 0.2 g of tetrabutyl titanate and with elimination of 6, 4 g of methanol and 18 g of water at 180 - 200 ° C esterified. 121.5 g of a waxy polyester dioxirane are obtained.
  • UV-curable baked enamels were formulated from the oxiranes prepared:
  • Example 4 Baking lacquer 1
  • a UV-curable lacquer is prepared from 32.5 g of Cyracure UVR 6110, 30 g of dioxirane III, 5 g of photoinitiator, 30 g of methyl 3,4-epoxy-cyclohexanecarboxylate and 2.5 g of flow additive.
  • the components are homogeneously mixed to a colorless transparent varnish with 790 mPa s.
  • a UV-curable lacquer is prepared from 52.5 g of Cyracure UVR 6110, 40 g of dioxirane I, 5 g of photoinitiator and 2.5 g of flow additive. The components are mixed homogeneously to form a colorless transparent paint with 670 mPa s.
  • a UV-curable lacquer is prepared from 67.5 g Cyracure UVR 6110, 25 g Desmophen 670 polyester polyol, 5 g photoinitiator and 2.5 g leveling additive. The components are homogeneously mixed to a colorless transparent lacquer with 2340 mPa s.
  • the baked enamines according to the invention were prepared by means of Düsenabstreifclar on a copper wire with 0.30 mm bare wire diameter, conventionally coated with a commercially available polyesterimide wire enamel with a
  • the UV source used was a microwave-excited high-pressure mercury vapor radiator.
  • the power of the spotlight was between 25 and 100 watts per cm. Reflector and radiator form a resonator unit.
  • Backlack 1 With a lacquer layer of 10 ⁇ m, an enameled wire with a smooth surface and good caking properties at 200 ° C. and a bonding force of 0.7 N are obtained.
  • Back lacquer 2 With a lacquer layer of 10 ⁇ m, an enamelled wire with a smooth surface and good caking properties at 200 ° C is obtained.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Polyethers (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing coated electrical wires for which coating is carried out using UV-curable baking enamels which comprise a) one or more oxirane-based binders, b) one or more UV crosslinking catalysts, c) if desired, reactive diluents, d) chain transfer agents, and e) further customary additives.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschichteten elektrischen DrähtenProcess for producing coated electrical wires
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschichteten elektrischen Drähten.The present invention relates to a process for producing coated electric wires.
Die für die Herstellung von Motoren, Magnetspulen, Hubmagnete und Generatoren eingesetzten Wicklungsträger sind häufig starken mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Besonders bei schnellaufenden Rotoren sind die entstehenden Zentrifugal- und Zentripetalkräfte, die auf die Wicklungen der bewegten Bauteile wirken, recht erheblich.The winding carriers used for the production of motors, solenoids, solenoids and generators are often exposed to strong mechanical loads. Especially with high-speed rotors, the resulting centrifugal and centripetal forces, which act on the windings of the moving components, quite considerable.
Um Schäden und Verformungen der beanspruchten Geräteteile zu verhindern oder zumindest zu reduzieren, werden frühzeitig Wicklungen fixiert. Dies geschieht durch die Imprägnierung mit Tränklacken oder Tränkharzen. Die Tränklacke oder Tränkharze müssen gehärtet werden. Dies erreicht man üblicherweise durch eine Ofenhärtung des Bauteils bei erhöhten Temperaturen über einen längeren Zeitraum.In order to prevent or at least reduce damage and deformations of the claimed device parts, windings are fixed at an early stage. This is done by impregnation with impregnating varnishes or impregnating resins. The impregnating varnishes or impregnating resins must be hardened. This is usually achieved by oven hardening the component at elevated temperatures over an extended period of time.
Eine Neuerung bei der Fixierung von Drähten war die Einführung von Backlacken, die besonders auf dem Gebiet der Ablenkspulen-fertigung in der TV-Technik ihren Einzug hielten.An innovation in the fixing of wires was the introduction of baked enamels, which were particularly in the field of deflection coil production in the TV technology made their entry.
Das Prinzip der Backlacke beruht auf der thermoplastischen Eigenschaft, die ein Verkleben der fertig lackierten Drähte nach dem Wickeln der Spule ermöglicht. Dabei wird die Backlackschicht, die zweckmäßig über eine bestehende Grundisolation des Lackdrahtes aufgebracht wird, zunächst geschmolzen, wobei die Wicklungszwischenräume teilweise mit dem geschmolzenen Thermoplasten aufgefüllt werden und somit die Einzelwicklungen über den Thermoplasten verkleben. Durch die nachfolgende Erstarrung des Polymers sind alle Windungen untereinander fixiert, eine Verformung > der Wicklung, die insbesondere bei freitragenden Spulen eine Veränderung der Induktivität verursachen würde, kann somit verhindert werden. Das Schmelzen des Backlacks erfolgt thermisch, zum einen über das Temperieren der Fertigbauteile im Heizofen und zum anderen elektrisch durch Stromstoß.The principle of the baked coatings is based on the thermoplastic property, which allows bonding of the finished painted wires after winding the coil. In this case, the baked enamel layer, which is expediently applied over an existing base insulation of the enameled wire, is first melted, wherein the interwinding spaces are partially filled with the molten thermoplastic and thus glue the individual windings over the thermoplastic. As a result of the subsequent solidification of the polymer, all windings are fixed to one another, deformation of the winding, which would cause a change in the inductance, in particular in the case of self-supporting coils, can thus be prevented. The melting of the baked enamel is thermally, on the one hand on the tempering of prefabricated components in the heater and the other electrically by power surge.
Der Vorteil der Backlacke bei der Fertigung von Spulen aller Art veranlaßte die Konstrukteure zur Entwicklung neuer Geräte für die Wickeltechnik. Heute werden Backlacke nahezu in allen Bereichen der Lackdrahtverarbeitung zur Wicklungsfixierung auch bei hohen thermischen Anforderungen eingesetzt. Es werden unterschiedliche Substanzklassen als Basis für Backlacke in Abhängigkeit vom Einsatzgebiet verwendet.The advantage of the baked enamels in the production of reels of all kinds caused the designers to develop new devices for the winding technology. Today, baked enamels are used in almost all areas of enamelled wire processing for winding fixation, even with high thermal requirements. Different classes of substances are used as a basis for baked enamels, depending on the field of application.
In EP 1 096 510 wird die Verwendung von Polyvinylacetalen (PVA)beschrieben. Das thermische und mechanische Eigenschaftsniveau dieser Backlacke ist bescheiden.EP 1 096 510 describes the use of polyvinyl acetals (PVA). The thermal and mechanical property level of these baked coatings is modest.
In der EP 0 331 823 werden Polyvinylbutyrale und -formale beschrieben. Aufgrund einer relativ hohen durchschnittlichen Wasseraufnahme und eines verhältnismäßig geringen Erweichungspunktes der Polyvinylbutyrale werden diese Materialien ungern eingesetzt.EP 0 331 823 describes polyvinyl butyrals and formals. Due to a relatively high average water absorption and a relatively low softening point of the polyvinyl butyrals, these materials are reluctantly used.
In der US 4,129,678 werden Phenoxyharze beschrieben, die häufig für feuchtigkeitsempfindliche und temperaturbeständige Anwendungen Verwendung finden. Unter Mitverwendung von Phenol- bzw. Melaminharzen entstehen relativ hochviskose Backlacke, die bei der Verbackung geringe Mengen von Formaldehyd und Phenol freisetzen können. Dies ist einer der schwerwiegendsten Nachteile dieser Lackformulierungen.US Pat. No. 4,129,678 describes phenoxy resins which are frequently used for moisture-sensitive and temperature-resistant applications. With the concomitant use of phenolic or melamine resins, relatively high-viscosity baked coatings are produced, which can release small quantities of formaldehyde and phenol during the caking process. This is one of the most serious disadvantages of these paint formulations.
In der EP 0 399 396 werden Polyamide für die Verwendung als Backlacke beschrieben. In der Herstellung der Polyamide, die für den Einsatz als Backlackbindemittel geeignet sind, ergeben sich weitaus mehr Variationsmöglichkeiten als bei den übrigen Stoffklassen. Eine breite Palette von Copolyamiden aus aromatischen und/oder aliphatischen Dicarbonsäureri, aro-matischen und/oder aliphatischen Diaminen und überwiegend aromatischen Diisocyanaten sind bekannt und werden gegebenenfalls mit blockierten Polyisocyanaten modifiziert eingesetzt.EP 0 399 396 describes polyamides for use as baked enamels. In the production of polyamides, which are suitable for use as a baked-on binder, there are far more possibilities for variation than in the other substance classes. A wide range of copolyamides of aromatic and / or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, aromatic and / or aliphatic diamines and predominantly aromatic diisocyanates are known and are optionally used modified with blocked polyisocyanates.
In der US 4,131,714 werden lineare Polyester beschrieben, die als Bindemittel in geeigneten Lösungsmitteln gelöst als Backlack zur Drahtbeschichtung Verwendung finden.In US 4,131,714 linear polyesters are described, which are used as a binder in suitable solvents dissolved as a baked enamel for wire coating use.
Alle genannten Backlacksysteme werden mittels herkömmlicher Naßlackauftrag ung per Filzabstreif- oder Düsenauftrags-verfahren auf bereits isolierte Lackdrähte aufgebracht und thermisch getrocknet, wobei die ausgetriebenen Lösungsmittel in den Katalysatoren der konventionellen Lackieranlagen nachverbrannt werden. Der Erweichungsbereich der verbliebenen Backlackschicht wird nicht selten über den Gehalt an Restlösungsmittel im Polymer reguliert, das den entscheidenden Nachteil der Lösungsmittelfreisetzung während der Verbackung bietet. Die DE 28 43895 C3 betrifft die Aushärtung aufeinander folgender Drahtlackschichten mittels UV-Licht. Beschriebenes Ziel war insbesondere die Vermeidung der Lösemittel. Aufgebracht wurde eine Schicht mit guter Haftung am Draht, eine weitere Schicht als Isolierlack, gefolgt von einer wärme- sowie einer abriebs- und kratzfesten Schicht, wobei alle Schichten UV-härtbar sind.All the above-mentioned enamel systems are applied by means of conventional wet paint application by felt wiping or nozzle application process on already insulated enamel wires and thermally dried, the expelled solvents are post-combusted in the catalysts of the conventional paint. The softening range of the remaining baked enamel layer is not infrequently regulated by the content of residual solvent in the polymer, which offers the decisive disadvantage of solvent release during the caking. DE 28 43895 C3 relates to the curing of successive wire enamel layers by means of UV light. The described goal was in particular the avoidance of the solvents. Was applied a layer with good adhesion to the wire, another layer as an insulating varnish, followed by a heat and an abrasion and scratch-resistant layer, all layers are UV-curable.
In DE 29 15 011 wird die Herstellung und Verwendung von mittels Strahlung härtbarer Polyesterimide beschrieben, die ebenfalls als Isolationsmaterial auf Kupferdrähte aufgebracht werden. Die Herstellung von UV-härtbaren Bindemitteln für die Verwendung als Backlacke wird nicht beschrieben.DE 29 15 011 describes the preparation and use of radiation-curable polyesterimides which are likewise applied as insulation material to copper wires. The preparation of UV-curable binders for use as baked enamels is not described.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, einen Backlack zur Verfügung zu stellen, der lösungsmittelfrei und durch UV-Licht härtbar ist.The object of the present invention is to provide a baked enamel which is solvent-free and curable by UV light.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß zur Beschichtung UV-härtbare Backlacke eingesetzt werden, welche a) ein oder mehrere Bindemittel auf Oxiranbasis, b) einen oder mehrere UV-Vernetzungskatalysatoren, c) gegebenenfalls Reaktiwerdünner, d) ggf. Kettenüberträger, sowie e) weitere übliche Zusatzstoffe enthalten.This object is achieved by using UV-curable baked enamels which comprise a) one or more oxirane-based binders, b) one or more UV crosslinking catalysts, c) optionally reactive diluents, d) optionally chain transfer agents, and e) others contain usual additives.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Backlacke sind frei von Lösemitteln jeglicher Art, wobei Wasser auch als Lösemittel zählt.The baked coatings according to the invention are free from solvents of any kind, with water also counting as solvent.
Vorteilhafterweise enthalten die beschriebenen UV-härtbaren Backlacke:Advantageously, the described UV-curable baked enamels contain:
a) 50 - 95 % Bindemittel auf Oxiranbasis b) 1 - 10 % UV-Vernetzungskatalysatoren, c) 0 - 80 % Reaktiwerdünner, d) 0 - 40 % Kettenüberträger, sowie e) 1 - 8 % Additive, Stabilisatoren usw.a) 50-95% oxirane-based binders b) 1-10% UV crosslinking catalysts, c) 0-80% reactive diluents, d) 0-40% chain transfer agents, and e) 1-8% additives, stabilizers, etc.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte UV-härtbare Backlacke enthalten: a) 60 - 93 % Bindemittel auf Oxiranbasis b) 2 - 6 % UV-Vernetzungskatalysatoren, c) 0 - 70 % Reaktiwerdünner, d) 0 - 35 % Ketten Überträger, sowie e) 1 - 3 % Additive, Stabilisatoren usw.UV-curable baked enamels preferred according to the invention contain: a) 60-93% oxirane-based binder b) 2-6% UV crosslinking catalysts, c) 0-70% reactive diluents, d) 0-35% chain transfer agents, and e) 1-3% additives, stabilizers, etc.
Die Bindemittel a) enthalten vorzugsweise cyclo-aliphatische Oxiranvebindungen der allgemeinen FormThe binders a) preferably contain cycloaliphatic Oxiranvebindungen the general form
wobei Ri ein Wasserstoff, ein Carboxylatrest der angegebenen Form where Ri is a hydrogen, a carboxylate radical of the stated form
ein Polyetherresta polyether radical
mit n = 1-50 oder ein Polyesterrest der nachfolgenden Form with n = 1-50 or a polyester residue of the following form
sein kann, wobei R2 ein Methyl-, Ethyl-.Propyl- oder Butylrest oder ein weiterer Oxiranring, oder eine weitere Oxiranverbingung des Typs where R 2 is a methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl radical or another oxirane ring, or another oxirane compound of the type
sein kann, wobei R3 einen Hydroxyethylrest oder einer Oxiranverbindung folgender Formwhere R 3 is a hydroxyethyl radical or an oxirane compound of the following form
entspricht, R und R5 eine aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffkette von 2 - 6R and R5 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain of 2-6
Kohlenstoffeinheiten beschreibt, wobei R5 darüber hinaus auch ein Phenylenrest sein kann und R6 einem Hydroxyalkylrest mit 2-6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder einerDescribes carbon units, wherein R5 about a phenylene group may be beyond and R 6 hydroxyalkyl of 2-6 carbon atoms, or a
Oxiranverbindung folgender Form Oxirane compound of the following form
entspricht.equivalent.
Andere hier nicht im Detail beschriebene Mono-, Di- und Polyoxirane sind ebenfalls als Bindemittel einsetzbar.Other mono-, di- and polyoxiranes not described in detail here are also usable as binders.
Geeignet zur Herstellung von Backlacken ist 3,4-Epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4- epoxycyclohexancarboxylat, das unter dem Namen „Cyracure UVR 6110" der Union Carbide Corporation erhältlich ist.Suitable for the production of baked enamels is 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, which is available under the name "Cyracure UVR 6110" from Union Carbide Corporation.
Die verwendeten höhermolekularen Mono- und Dioxirane können hergestellt werden durch Umsetzung des Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexancarboxylats mit OH-funktionellen Polyethylen- oder Polypropylenglykolen mit n = 1 - 50 Ethoxy- bzw. Propoxyeinheiten, bevorzugt n = 5 - 25, besonders bevorzugt n = 8 - 12, einerseits zum Erhalt der Polyethermono- und -dioxiranen oder mit aliphatischen und/oder aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren und Polyolen zum Erhalt der Polyestermono- und -dioxiranen.The higher molecular weight mono- and dioxiranes used can be prepared by reacting the methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate with OH-functional polyethylene or polypropylene glycols having n = 1-50 ethoxy or propoxy units, preferably n = 5-25, more preferably n = 8 - 12, on the one hand to obtain the Polyether mono- and dioxiranes or with aliphatic and / or aromatic dicarboxylic acids and polyols to obtain the polyester mono- and -dioxiranen.
Geeignete aromatische Dicarbonsäuren und/oder Dicarbonsäuredimethylester sind zum Beispiel Isophthalsäure, Terephthalsäure, Terephthalsäuredimethylester, Naphthalindicarbonsäure-dimethylester. Besonders bevorzugt sind Isophthalsäure und Terephthalsäuredimethylester. Geeignete aliphatische Dicarbonsäuren sind zum Beispiel Adipinsäure, Azelainsäure und Decandicarbonsäure, wobei Adipinsäure besonders bevorzugt ist.Suitable aromatic dicarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acid dimethyl esters are, for example, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, terephthalic acid dimethyl ester, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester. Particularly preferred are isophthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate. Suitable aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are, for example, adipic acid, azelaic acid and decanedicarboxylic acid, with adipic acid being particularly preferred.
Als Polyole finden unter anderem Ethylenglykol, Propylenglykol, Neopentylglykol und Butandiol-1 ,4 Verwendung. Als besonders vorteilhaft haben sich Gemische aus Ethylenglykol und Neopentylglykol für die beschriebene Anwendung herausgestellt.As polyols, inter alia ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and butanediol-1, 4 use. Mixtures of ethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol have proven particularly advantageous for the described application.
Als UV-Vernetzungskatalysator b) kommt vorzugsweise ein für kationische Photopolymerisation geeigneter Photoinitiator, oder Initiatorgemisch in Betracht. Bevorzugt für die erfindungsgemäßen Backlacke wird das gemischte Arylsulfoniumhexafluorophosphatsalz der folgenden FormSuitable UV crosslinking catalyst b) is preferably a photoinitiator suitable for cationic photopolymerization, or an initiator mixture. Preferred for the baked enamines of the present invention is the mixed arylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate salt of the following form
verwendet. Anstelle dessen oder zusätzlich kann Komponente b) auch andere übliche UV-Vernetzungskatalysatoren enthalten.used. Instead or in addition, component b) may also contain other customary UV crosslinking catalysts.
Als Reaktiwerdünner c) kommen vorzuggsweise niedermolekulare Oxirane, Oxetane u.a. mit den erfindungsgemäßen Oxiranen copolymersierbaren Verbindungen in Betracht.As reactive diluents c), preference is given to low molecular weight oxiranes, oxetanes and the like. into consideration with the oxiranes according to the invention copolymerizable compounds.
Als Kettenüberträger d) und zur Erhöhung der Vernetzungsdichte ist die Mitverwendung von ggf. verzweigten Polyesterpolyolen mit Molekulargewichten zwischen 500 und 2000 g/mol vorteilhaft, bevorzugt werden Polyesterpolyole mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht zwischen 500 und 1000 g/mol. Als Verlaufsadditive e) können bevorzugt oberflächenaktive modifizierte Polydisiloxane verwendet werden, wie zum Beispiel das „Byk 306" der Byk Chemie GmbH.As a chain transfer agent d) and to increase the crosslinking density, the concomitant use of optionally branched polyester polyols having molecular weights between 500 and 2000 g / mol is advantageous, preferably polyester polyols having an average molecular weight between 500 and 1000 g / mol. As leveling agents e) it is possible to use surface-modified polydisiloxanes, for example the "Byk 306" from Byk Chemie GmbH.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Beispiele näher erläutert:The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples:
Beispiel 1: Herstellung eines Dioxirans aus Polyethylenglykol 400 und Methyl-3,4- epoxycyclohexancarboxylat (Dioxiran I)Example 1: Preparation of a dioxirane from polyethylene glycol 400 and methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (dioxirane I)
62,4 g des Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexancarboxylats werden gemischt mit 80 g eines Polyethylenglykols 400, mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas beschleiert, mit 0,2 g Tetrabutyltitanat versetzt und unter Abspaltung von 12,8 g Methanol bei 180 -200°C umgeestert. 155,4 g eines hochviskosen Polyethylenglykoldioxirans werden erhalten.62.4 g of methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate are mixed with 80 g of a polyethylene glycol 400, with nitrogen as a protective gas, mixed with 0.2 g of tetrabutyl titanate and transesterified with elimination of 12.8 g of methanol at 180-200 ° C. , 155.4 g of a high-viscosity polyethylene glycol dioxirane are obtained.
Beispiel 2: Herstellung eines Dioxirans aus Dimethylterephthalat, Ethylenglykol, Neopentylglykol und Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylat (Dioxiran II)Example 2 Preparation of a Dioxirane from Dimethyl Terephthalate, Ethylene Glycol, Neopentyl Glycol and Methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (Dioxirane II)
31,2 g des Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylats werden gemischt mit 97 g Dimethylterephthalat, 15,5 g Ethylenglykol und 26,0 g Neopentylglykol, mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas beschleiert, mit 0,2 g Tetrabutyltitanat versetzt und unter Abspaltung von 38,4 g Methanol bei 180 - 200°C umgeestert. 131,5 g eines wachsartigen Polyesterdioxirans werden erhalten.31.2 g of methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylats are mixed with 97 g of dimethyl terephthalate, 15.5 g of ethylene glycol and 26.0 g of neopentyl glycol, with nitrogen as a protective gas, mixed with 0.2 g of tetrabutyl titanate and with elimination of 38, 4 g of methanol transesterified at 180-200 ° C. 131.5 g of a waxy polyester dioxirane are obtained.
Beispiel 3: Herstellung eines Dioxirans aus Adipinsäure, Ethylenglykol, Neopentylglykol und Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexancarboxylat (Dioxiran III)Example 3 Preparation of a dioxirane from adipic acid, ethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (dioxirane III)
31,2 g des Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexancarboxylats werden gemischt mit 73 g Adipinsäure, 15,5 g Ethylenglykol und 26,0 g Neopentylglykol, mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas beschleiert, mit 0,2 g Tetrabutyltitanat versetzt und unter Abspaltung von 6,4 g Methanol und 18 g Wasser bei 180 - 200°C verestert. 121,5 g eines wachsartigen Polyesterdioxirans werden erhalten.31.2 g of methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate are mixed with 73 g of adipic acid, 15.5 g of ethylene glycol and 26.0 g of neopentyl glycol, with nitrogen as inert gas, mixed with 0.2 g of tetrabutyl titanate and with elimination of 6, 4 g of methanol and 18 g of water at 180 - 200 ° C esterified. 121.5 g of a waxy polyester dioxirane are obtained.
Aus den hergestellten Oxiranen wurden UV-härtbare Backlacke formuliert:UV-curable baked enamels were formulated from the oxiranes prepared:
Beispiel 4: Backlack 1 Es wird ein UV-härtbarer Lack hergestellt aus 32,5 g Cyracure UVR 6110, 30 g Dioxiran III, 5 g Photoinitiator, 30 g Methyl-3,4-epoxy-Cyclohexancarboxylat und 2,5 g Verlaufsadditiv. Die Komponenten werden homogen gemischt zu einem farblosen transparenten Lack mit 790 mPa s.Example 4: Baking lacquer 1 A UV-curable lacquer is prepared from 32.5 g of Cyracure UVR 6110, 30 g of dioxirane III, 5 g of photoinitiator, 30 g of methyl 3,4-epoxy-cyclohexanecarboxylate and 2.5 g of flow additive. The components are homogeneously mixed to a colorless transparent varnish with 790 mPa s.
Beispiel 5: Backlack 2Example 5: Baking lacquer 2
Es wird ein UV-härtbarer Lack hergestellt aus 52,5 g Cyracure UVR 6110, 40 g Dioxiran I, 5 g Photoinitiator und 2,5 g Verlaufs-additiv. Die Komponenten werden homogen gemischt zu einem farblosen transparenten Lack mit 670 mPa s.A UV-curable lacquer is prepared from 52.5 g of Cyracure UVR 6110, 40 g of dioxirane I, 5 g of photoinitiator and 2.5 g of flow additive. The components are mixed homogeneously to form a colorless transparent paint with 670 mPa s.
Beispiel 6: Backlack 3Example 6: Baking lacquer 3
Es wird ein UV-härtbarer Lack hergestellt aus 67,5 g Cyracure UVR 6110, 25 g Polyesterpolyol Desmophen 670, 5 g Photoinitiator und 2,5 g Verlaufsadditiv. Die Komponenten werden homogen gemischt zu einem farblosen transparenten Lack mit 2340 mPa s.A UV-curable lacquer is prepared from 67.5 g Cyracure UVR 6110, 25 g Desmophen 670 polyester polyol, 5 g photoinitiator and 2.5 g leveling additive. The components are homogeneously mixed to a colorless transparent lacquer with 2340 mPa s.
Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Backlacke wurden mittels Düsenabstreifverfahren auf einen Kupferdraht mit 0,30 mm Blankdrahtdurchmesser, konventionell beschichtet mit einem handelsüblichen Polyesterimid-Drahtlack mit einerThe baked enamines according to the invention were prepared by means of Düsenabstreifverfahren on a copper wire with 0.30 mm bare wire diameter, conventionally coated with a commercially available polyesterimide wire enamel with a
Gesamtdürchmesserzunahme von 50 μm, bei 10 - 80°C und mittels UV-Licht ausgehärtet. Als UV-Quelle wurde ein durch Mikrowellen angeregter Quecksilberdampf-Hochdruckstrahler eingesetzt. Die Leistung des Strahlers lag zwischen 25 und 100 Watt pro cm. Reflektor und Strahler bilden dabei eine Resonatoreinheit.Total diameter increase of 50 microns, at 10 - 80 ° C and cured by UV light. The UV source used was a microwave-excited high-pressure mercury vapor radiator. The power of the spotlight was between 25 and 100 watts per cm. Reflector and radiator form a resonator unit.
Nach dem internationalen Standard der DIN EN 60851-3 (IEC 851-3) wurden die Prüfungen der Verbackungsfestigkeit an normgerecht hergestellten Spulen vorgenommen. Die für den vorliegenden Drahtdurchmesser erforderliche Mindestverbackungskraft wurde mit den ermittelten 0,7 N deutlich übertroffen.In accordance with the international standard of DIN EN 60851-3 (IEC 851-3), the caking strength tests were carried out on standard-produced coils. The minimum bonding force required for the present wire diameter was significantly exceeded with the 0.7 N determined.
Folgende Prüfergebnisse wurden erhalten:The following test results were obtained:
Backlack 1: Bei einer Lackschicht von 10 μm erhält man einen Lackdraht mit glatter Oberfläche und guten Verbackungseigenschaften bei 200°C und einer Verbackungskraft von 0,7 N. Backlack 2: Bei einer Lackschicht von 10 μm erhält man einen Lackdraht mit glatter Oberfläche und guten Verbackungseigenschaften bei 200°C.Backlack 1: With a lacquer layer of 10 μm, an enameled wire with a smooth surface and good caking properties at 200 ° C. and a bonding force of 0.7 N are obtained. Back lacquer 2: With a lacquer layer of 10 μm, an enamelled wire with a smooth surface and good caking properties at 200 ° C is obtained.
Backlack 3: Bei einer Lackschicht von 11 μm erhält man einen Lackdraht mit glatter Oberfläche und guten Verbackungs-eigenschaften bei 200°C und einer Verbackungskraft von 0,8 N. Back varnish 3: With a varnish layer of 11 μm, a varnished wire with a smooth surface and good caking properties at 200 ° C. and a bonding force of 0.8 N are obtained.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschichteten elektrischen Drähten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Beschichtung UV-härtbare Backlacke eingesetzt werden, welche a) ein oder mehrere Bindemittel auf Oxiranbasis, b) einen oder mehrere UV-Vernetzungskatalysatoren, c) gegebenenfalls Reaktiwerdünner, d) ggf. Kettenüberträger, sowie e) weitere übliche Zusatzstoffe enthalten.1. A process for the production of coated electrical wires, characterized in that are used for coating UV-curable baked enamels, which a) one or more binders based on oxirane, b) one or more UV crosslinking catalysts, c) optionally Reactiwerdünner, d) if necessary Chain transfer agents, as well as e) further customary additives.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Backlacke enthaltend a) 50 - 95 Gew.-% Bindemittel auf Oxiranbasis, b) 1 - 10 Gew.-% UV-VernetzungskataIysatoren, c) 0 -80 Gew.-% Reaktiwerdünner, d) 0 -40 Gew.-% Kettenüberträger, sowie e) 1 - 8 % weitere Zusatzstoffe eingesetzt werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that baking enamels containing a) 50 to 95 wt .-% binder based on oxiranes, b) 1 to 10 wt .-% UV crosslinking catalysts, c) 0 to 80 wt .-% reactive diluents, d) 0-40 wt .-% chain transfer agent, and e) 1 - 8% further additives are used.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Backlacke enthaltend, a) 60 - 93 Gew.-% Bindemittel auf Oxiranbasis, b) 2 - 6 Gew.-% Vernetzungskatalysatoren, c) 0 - 70 Gew.-% Reaktiwerdünner, d) 0 - 30 Gew.-% Kettenüberträger, sowie e) 1 - 3 Gew.-% weitere Zusatzstoffe eingesetzt werden. >3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that baking enamels containing, a) 60-93 wt .-% binder based on oxirane, b) 2 - 6 wt .-% crosslinking catalysts, c) 0 - 70 wt .-% reactive diluent, d) 0 to 30 wt .-% chain transfer agent, and e) 1 to 3 wt .-% further additives are used. >
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorliegenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Backlack cycloaliphatische Oxiranverbindungen der allgemeinen Form4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a baked enamel cycloaliphatic oxirane compounds of the general form
.wobei Ri ein Wasserstoff, ein Carboxylatrest der angegebenen Form .We Ri is a hydrogen, a carboxylate of the stated form
ein Polyetherrest der Formel Polyesterrest der nachfolgenden Forma polyether radical of the formula Polyester remainder of the following form
sein kann, wobei R2 einen can be, where R 2 is a
Methyl-, Ethyl-, Propyl- oder Butylrest oder eine weitere Oxiranverbindung derMethyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl radical or another oxirane compound of
nachfolgenden Form darstellt, und R3 einen Hydroxyethylrest oder einer Oxiranverbindung folgender Form in the following form, and R 3 is a hydroxyethyl radical or an oxirane compound of the following form
entspricht, RΛ und Rs eine aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffkette von 2- 6 Kohlenstoffeinheiten beschreibt, wobei Rs darüber hinaus auch ein Phenylenrest sein kann und Rβ einen Hydroxyalkylrest mit 2-6 Kohlenstoffen oder einer Oxiranverbindung folgender Form R, and Rs is an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain of 2-6 carbon units, where Rs can also be a phenylene radical and Rβ is a hydroxyalkyl radical having 2-6 carbons or an oxirane compound of the following form
entspricht, eingesetzt werden. corresponds to be used.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens ein für kationische Photopolymerisation geeigneter Photoinitiator zugesetzt wird.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one suitable for cationic photopolymerization photoinitiator is added.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Photoinitiator ein gemischtes Arylsulfoniumhexafluorophosphatsalz der folgenden Form6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that a mixed Arylsulfoniumhexafluorophosphatsalz of the following form as a photoinitiator
zugesetzt wird.is added.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Backlack eingesetzt wird, dessen Komponente a) unter Verwendung von Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexancarboxylat hergestellt ist.7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a baked enamel is used, the component a) is prepared using methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Backlack eingesetzt wird, dessen Komponente a) unter Einsatz von Polyethylenglykol hergestellt worden ist.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that a baked enamel is used, the component a) has been prepared using polyethylene glycol.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Backlacke eingesetzt werden, welchen als Reaktiwerdünner niedermolekulare9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that baking paints are used, which are low molecular weight as Reaktiwerdünner
Oxirane, Oxetane zugesetzt werden.Oxiranes, oxetanes are added.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Reaktiwerdünner niedermolekulare Oxirane, Oxetane zugesetzt werden.10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that are added as Reaktiwerdünner low molecular weight oxiranes, oxetanes.
11. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Komponente d) Polyesterpolyole mit Molekulargewichten zwischen 500 und 2000 g/mol enthält.11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that component d) contains polyester polyols having molecular weights between 500 and 2000 g / mol.
12. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Komponente d) Polyesterpolyole mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht zwischen 500 und 1000 g/mol enthält. 12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that component d) polyesterpolyols having an average molecular weight between 500 and 1000 g / mol.
13. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Komponente e) Additive oder Stabilisatoren oder Gemische hiervon enthält.13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that component e) contains additives or stabilizers or mixtures thereof.
14. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Anschluß an die Beschichtung des elektrischen Drahtes mit Backlack dieser mittels ultravioletter Strahlung ausgehärtet wird. 14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, following the coating of the electrical wire with baked enamel, this is cured by means of ultraviolet radiation.
EP05707891A 2004-02-20 2005-01-24 Method for producing coated electrical wires Expired - Lifetime EP1716580B1 (en)

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