EP1703205B1 - Method for cleaning a combustion chamber and apparatus for executing the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves blowing air jet (6) to a combustion chamber for improving the after burning process by swirling combustion gases. Compressed air or water is blown to the air jet to produce an angular moment that is conveyed to the air jet. The momentum is produced during operation of a combustion plant for only short period. The air jet experiences an expansion of a distributing angle of 70 degrees through the momentum. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a cleaning device for an air duct for generating temporary and/or periodically recurring angular momentum and including twist generating device and control device (2) a computer program product for executing a cleaning method.

Description

The invention relates to a cleaning method for incinerators with a combustion chamber and at least one afterburner for afterburning of combustion gases, for example in waste incineration plants, in which at least one air jet is blown into the combustion chamber to improve the afterburning by a swirling turbulence of the combustion gases, a control device , a cleaning device and a computer program product.

The US 5,829,369 , A describes a burner with lower emissions and lower losses of unburned oil through the creation of a transition zone in a burner with low NO _x emissions. The burner comprises a fuel supply nozzle surrounded by the transition zone and having a central low-oxygen combustion region from a region of the shielded turbulent secondary combustion air. Thus, the transition zone acts as a buffer between a primary air flow and a secondary air flow to enhance control of a near-combustion mixing area and flame stability. It achieves this through a limited recirculation zone between the air streams of the primary and secondary air.

The EP 0 756 134 A1 describes a method and a burner for reducing the formation of NO _x in the combustion of coal dust. With such a burner, which receives pulverized coal with the aid of primary air as a pulverized coal / primary air mixture, a primary gas with combustible, gaseous constituents is formed in the ignition region of the burner by pyrolysis of the pulverized coal from the pulverized coal / primary air mixture. In order to bring about a reduction in the formation of NO _x is in the ignition of the average quotient of oxygen fractions of primary gas and from the demand for oxygen for combustion of the combustible volatiles of the primary gas by lowering the oxygen content in the primary gas and / or a vaccine of the primary gas lowered with a combustible foreign gas.

An according to the preamble combustion system is from the DE 196137 77 C2 known. It also specifies an afterburning process that can be used to produce a homogeneous, fully combusted exhaust gas. This is achieved by the fact that Incineration plant, which is provided in particular for a grate firing with solid fuels or garbage is equipped in the area between the furnace and the post-combustion chamber arranged in at least two adjacent horizontal planes inlet nozzles. The inflow nozzles are arranged in at least one plane in the region of the corners of the wall sections with which a nearly parallel current can be injected approximately tangentially at a high speed to form a cross section circle near each adjacent planar wall section. This arrangement of the nozzles produces a stationary vortex of the combustion gases in the post-combustion space, which leads to a very intensive mixing of the flue gases with oxygen-containing air or an air-exhaust or air-vapor mixture (so-called secondary air). It causes a uniform flow and temperature distribution and thus a complete afterburning.

The inlet nozzles are also designed as swirl nozzles, which impart a twist to the injected medium. The swirl causes a slight widening of the injected jet and causes the smoke fumes to be more strongly absorbed into the jet, thus further improving the mixing of injected air and flue gases. However, the expansion of the beam may only be low, about 20 degrees, because only so the required for effective mixing penetration depth of the beam can be guaranteed.

Due to the slag falling from the boiler wall during the afterburning, deposits form in the region of the outlet openings of the inlet nozzles on the boiler wall, which disturb the jet from the inlet nozzles, for example by deflecting, and thus significantly hinder the function of the inlet nozzles. Because the deposits settle conically around the outlet opening around and tie in the course of time a remaining inflow before the nozzles more and more. The reduction of the inlet cross-section of the inlet nozzles reduces their effect, because it can penetrate less and less injected air into the flue gas stream and mix with him. This suffers from the quality of the afterburning. The incomplete afterburning in turn accelerates the formation of slags whose deposition around the inlet nozzles continues to accelerate. The deterioration of the afterburning thus promotes a self-accelerating pollution process.

The removal of these deposits can be done either manually or mechanically after switching off the boiler in the cold state. At this point, the slag is already hardened. Due to the force required to break up the hardened slag their use is particularly costly and can be associated with damage to the boiler casing. Therefore, when operating the incinerator, it is apt to choose the cleaning intervals as large as possible.

On the other hand, the slag deposit can be eliminated during operation by means of a sharp jet of water. The water is directed to the deposits with water lances and, for example, laser-controlled. While this cleaning process can be performed during operation of the incinerator, it is costly.

The object of the invention is therefore to enable a cleaning process which can be carried out during the operation of a combustion furnace, requires only little effort and is therefore inexpensive. Furthermore, suitable facilities should be specified for carrying out the required procedure.

The object is achieved by a cleaning method of the type mentioned, in which the blown in a combustion chamber air jet temporarily a possibly additional twist is imposed. If the injected air jet already receives a twist for the purpose of better mixing imparted, the spin is thus additionally generated for cleaning purposes. Otherwise, the swirl generation is used exclusively for cleaning purposes. The invention thus turns away from cleaning as a separate operation with an additional To operate medium use of the combustion chamber from. On the contrary, it pursues the surprisingly simple principle of carrying out the purification process with devices which are necessary anyway for afterburning. There are no significant constructive modifications of the system required.

Swirl nozzles, which can cause a twist in an injected air jet, have at least one connection to a nozzle portion whose longitudinal axis is arranged at right angles to a longitudinal axis of the nozzle portion. The connection is tangential to the inner circumference of the nozzle section. Through the nozzle section, a liquid or gaseous medium can be introduced into the nozzle section. In general, so-called secondary air is used for this purpose. In operation, it is passed under high pressure through the nozzle section. At the same time, a liquid or gaseous medium is supplied via the connection substantially at right angles thereto and under pressure.

The flow characteristic in the nozzle section in a region downstream of the connection results firstly from the direction of the flowing media, which is structurally predetermined. Another effect is the passage cross-sections of the nozzle section and the connection. They are also fixed by the construction. The pressures with which the injected air is pressed through the nozzle section or the medium through the connection into the nozzle section remain variable. The greater the pressure of the pressed-in medium in relation to the pressure of the injected air, the greater the twist that the injected air jet experiences. The larger this swirl, the greater the centrifugal force acting on the air flow, which drives off the gas molecules of the air flow at right angles to the flow direction. Thus, the greater the centrifugal force, the greater the spread angle of the airflow entering the combustion chamber as a free jet.

At a constant pressure, with which the air enters the combustion chamber, so the spread angle of its free jet can be varied with little effort by the variation of the pressure at the port.

This finding makes use of the invention to carry out the cleaning method of the outlet openings by means of the swirl nozzles. The generation of the impressed swirl is so dimensioned that the air jet, which normally arrives in a free jet cone with at best a small spread angle of about 20 degrees into the combustion chamber, a widening by a multiple of this angle learns. The beam widening causes the jet to entrain unwanted deposits in the mouth area with it and for the duration the beam expansion prevents the formation of new deposits. The invention also makes use of the fact that the slag-containing deposits are not yet cooled and hardened at this point in time, so that their removal is possible with comparatively less effort. The cleaning process can thus be carried out during the operation of the incinerator. The cleaning effect by means of swirl generation in the injected air can be controlled with little effort by only one control variable, namely the pressure of the injected medium. Thus, the cleaning process can be easily adapted to the current requirements in the combustion chamber, for example, the progress of the deposits.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, compressed air and / or water is blown tangentially into the air jet to generate the twist. The introduction of compressed air is the most structurally simplest variant for swirl generation, because it is easily available and therefore available at all times. The compressed air only has to be blown into the nozzle section via the connection.

By adding or using only water for swirl generation, the cleaning performance of the acted upon by a swirl air flow can be increased. Due to its higher density it causes a better abrasion. When the water enters the approximately 1000 ° C hot combustion chamber it also evaporates abruptly and can thereby additionally loosen slag parts and carry away with it. The injected water is advantageously quasi in a shell region of the secondary air flow and thus at its interface with the deposits in the mouth region of the secondary air nozzle and thus - as well as by its higher density - effectively eliminate the deposits.

In order to reliably detect the deposits around the air nozzles during cleaning, the air jet experiences a widening to a distribution angle of at least 70 degrees, preferably to about 110 to 150 degrees, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention. The larger the spread angle can be set, the more deposits can be detected. The associated cleaning process thus achieves even greater success. This reduces the need for further cleaning operations or increases the interval until the next cleaning process. This benefits economic operation of the incinerator. On the other hand, this may possibly prolong the cleaning process per se, ie the duration of the swirl generation for cleaning purposes. Because the removal of large amounts of deposits can also take correspondingly more time. The cleaning method is therefore of the two sizes "spread angle" and "frequency" or "duration" determined. The economic optimum between spread angle and frequency of cleaning can be determined iteratively or empirically or adjusted on the basis of currently recorded measured values.

The more the propagation angle increases, the lower the penetration depth of the air jet into the combustion chamber. According to an advantageous embodiment of the cleaning method, the swirl during the operation of the incinerator is therefore generated for only a short time and / or in periodically recurring intervals. This ensures that the quality of the afterburning due to a limited turbulence of the combustion exhaust gases and their temporarily poor supply of air during the cleaning process does not suffer. Afterburning provides a better result despite the short intervals of restricted turbulence than with an increasingly poorer supply of air to the afterburning space due to clogging of the swirl nozzles.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the generation of the twist is controlled as a function of the passage of time and / or by an amount of injected air and / or by the thickness of the deposits to be removed. With uniform and homogeneous combustion over time, either the timing or amount of injected air may be used as a measure of the progress of deposits at the inlet of the air nozzle. Therefore, the cleaning cycles can be controlled by swirl generation depending on the amount of blown air. Facilities that record the progress of pollution are then unnecessary. However, if combustion is inhomogeneous over time, the deposits at the mouth region of the air nozzle do not form continuously, so it may be necessary to control the cleaning cycle according to the actual thickness of the deposits. Then suitable measuring devices are arranged to detect the thickness of the deposits. In any case, the control of the cleaning cycles has the goal to pursue impose as rare as necessary the air flow a spin for cleaning purposes, because thereby the penetration depth of the air flow and thus its positive influence on the afterburning is reduced, but only temporarily.

To carry out the inventive cleaning process swirl nozzles are required. Unlike the known swirl nozzles, in which the swirl is generated by means of a radially injected medium, alternative swirl nozzles may comprise guide devices which are arranged in a nozzle section of the swirl nozzle. They are acted upon by the air jet and offer it some resistance in the flow direction, by at least partially diverting it from its original flow direction. This will give the jet a twist. ever According to the intended intensity of the twist, they may extend longer or shorter in the direction of flow of the air jet and / or project more or less deeply into the air jet and / or be made more or less steeply with respect to the direction of the air jet. In any case, they impose a different direction on the stream of air impinging on them, thus giving the jet of air a corresponding twist. The baffles may, for example, be designed in the manner of trains in gun barrels or in the form of baffles, comparable, for example, to the blades of a turbine. A swirl generation by means of these guide devices represents a structurally very simple embodiment of a swirl nozzle.

A swirl to clean the inlet opening of the swirl nozzles from deposits needs to be generated only temporarily. A swirl generating device for introducing a spin-loaded air jet into a combustion chamber, in particular for carrying out the inventive cleaning process, comprises a swirl nozzle and an adjusting device for adjusting the guide devices. By adjusting the baffles their deflection effect, which impose the air jet, changed. The guide means are part of a paddle wheel which is rotatably disposed in the nozzle portion about its longitudinal axis and whose rotation is inhibited. Due to the rotatable design of the impeller whose swirl-producing effect on the air flow can be almost prevented when the rotation of the wheel is not prevented. However, if the twist is desired in the injected air flow, the rotation of the impeller is braked, so that the guide devices oppose the air flow and distract him from its original direction, thereby the air flow is forced a twist. The rotatable and hemmbare arrangement of the paddle wheel represents the adjustability of the guide devices. At the same time it offers an advantageous control of the generation of swirl. For the stronger the rotation of the impeller is inhibited, the more deflected its guide means so the air flow, the stronger the force imposed on the injected air flow swirl is formed. The paddle wheel does not necessarily fill up the entire passage cross section of the nozzle section. It may be sufficient that the guide devices are arranged only in an edge region on the inner circumference of the nozzle section. The impeller then has the shape of a ring which extends on the inner circumference of the nozzle portion, projecting from the guide means in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the nozzle portion and on the axis of rotation of the impeller.

In another embodiment, the adjustable guide means are arranged in the nozzle portion fixed and rotatable about axes which extend radially with respect to the nozzle portion. For swirl generation, the guiding devices are twisted so that they offer resistance to the air flow and cause it to spin in the manner described above imposition. To avoid the twist, they are placed parallel to the air flow, so they do not distract him.

The closer the means for generating the twist are arranged at the mouth of the nozzle in the region of the boiler wall, the more effective is their effect. Nevertheless, the means are advantageously arranged in an area outside the combustion chamber in front of the boiler wall. This arrangement facilitates the maintenance or repair, which can then be carried out during operation of the incinerator with temporary shutdown of the respective nozzle. In addition, the means for generating the swirl in a region outside the combustion chamber less subject to the damaging effects of heat.

Known swirl nozzles for injecting air into a combustion chamber comprise connections for compressed air at a nozzle section, wherein the compressed air is introduced at right angles to the flow direction of the air flow and tangentially to the inner circumference of the nozzle section. The compressed air is also blown in substantially continuously and at a constant pressure. A swirl generating device for injecting a spin-loaded air jet into a combustion chamber of a combustion plant can serve in particular for carrying out the aforementioned cleaning process. It comprises a swirl nozzle with a connection for the tangential injection of a medium into the air jet and a controllable valve with which the injection of the medium can be controlled. With the swirl generating device of the injected air jet injected swirl can be changed. Thus, on the one hand, the spread angle of the air jet in the combustion chamber and, on the other hand, the penetration depth of the air jet into the combustion chamber can be controlled. For the cleaning method according to the invention, the control of the spreading angle of importance, with the size of the twist on the one hand adapted to the required scope of cleaning and on the other hand for the purpose of better mixing of the air jet with the flue gases applied or can be turned off, the inventive cleaning method can therefore also Using known swirl nozzles are performed.

The further object of the invention is also achieved by a control device for carrying out the previously described cleaning method, which has a measured value input for receiving measured values with regard to the elapsed time and / or the quantity of injected air and / or with regard to the thickness of deposits on walls of the combustion chamber, a memory device for storing the measured values, a parameter determining unit for determining a control parameter for influencing the duration of the generation of a swirl and / or the size its propagation angle and a parameter output for outputting the control parameter to a swirl generating device. The swirl generating device comprises a swirl nozzle for flowing through an air jet with a device for changing the swirl, which is impressed on the air jet flowing through the swirl nozzle. The control device according to the invention can consist essentially of electronic components. In particular, it can also be a component of the control device required in any case for the entire incinerator. Such incinerators are today generally designed with a programmable microprocessor. The parameter determination unit can then advantageously be implemented in the form of software on the microprocessor.

A solvent of the invention therefore also constitutes a computer program product which is directly loadable into a memory of a programmable controller for a swirl generator and comprises program code means for carrying out the previously described cleaning method when the program product is loaded into the controller. This can be done, for example, as part of an update of the programming of the control device (so-called. Update) by the computer program product is dubbed in their memory.

A cleaning device for generating a temporary and / or periodically recurring swirl, with a previously described swirl nozzle and a preferably programmable control device can be used not only in waste incineration plants, but also wherever air is blown into flue gases from a combustion process and the air access Slag formation is hindered, for example in blast furnaces.

Figur 1

eine Sekundärluftdüse nach dem Stand der Technik mit Ablagerungen,

Figur 2

eine Sekundärluftdüse mit Dralleinrichtung,

Figur 3

Ablagerungen vor einer Sekundärluftdüse mit Dralleinrichtung und

Figur 4

eine Dralleinrichtung im Querschnitt nach Figur 2.

The principle of the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

a secondary air nozzle according to the prior art with deposits,

FIG. 2

a secondary air nozzle with a twisting device,

FIG. 3

Deposits in front of a secondary air nozzle with twisting device and

FIG. 4

a swirl device in cross section FIG. 2 ,

A secondary air nozzle 1 according to the prior art projects through a boiler wall 2 in one Combustion chamber 3 into it. On the combustion chamber side, it is flush with a lining 4, which shields the boiler wall 2 from the combustion chamber 3. Secondary air is blown into the combustion chamber 3 through the secondary air nozzle 1 in order to generate a standing vortex in the flue gases rising there. It is blown through an opening 5 of the secondary air nozzle 1 therethrough. Downstream of the orifice 5, a jet cone 6 is formed, which widens into the combustion chamber 3. The widening of the beam cone 6 results from a deceleration of the outer jet layers in the combustion chamber 3 at the air masses located there. Since initially only the lateral surface of the beam cone 6 comes into contact with the air masses located in the combustion chamber 3, the injected secondary air is decelerated from outside to inside, so that an uneven velocity distribution approximately in accordance with the curve v ₁ results in a sectional view. Downstream of the mouth 6 along a length a, a jet core 7 is formed, in which the air flow enters the combustion chamber 3 almost unrestrained. For a region of length b, the beam cone 6 remains as a free jet. Due to the deceleration and the deflection of the secondary air in the region of the jacket of the jet cone 6, a widening takes place around the spread angle α ₁ . In the root region of the beam cone 6, namely at the mouth 5 and along the lateral surface of the jet cone 6, the air of the combustion chamber 3 is briefly entrained, so that, especially in the mouth region 5 of the secondary air nozzle 1, an annular vortex 8 surrounds the mouth opening 5.

The rising in the combustion chamber 3 flue gases contain a large proportion of ash and dust, which initially rises with the hot combustion air, but then decreases again on the cooler wall areas of the combustion chamber and in particular in the corners. There it attaches itself to the relatively rough surface of the lining 4. By the vortex 8 in the region of the mouth opening 5 of the secondary air nozzle 1 then deposits 9, which surround the mouth region 5 of the secondary air nozzle 1 and constrict more and more over time. As a result, they considerably impair the effect of the secondary air injection by further reducing the air flow in the mantle region of the jet cone 5, so that swirls 8 can be formed to an increasing extent, which in turn increase the deposits 9.

To counteract this, a swirl device 10 is arranged according to the invention on the secondary air nozzle 1 upstream of its mouth 5 and outside the combustion chamber 3, as they FIG. 2 shows. It gives the secondary air flow a twist 11, which is given here by way of example with a clockwise rotation. The twist 11 of the secondary air flow causes its beam cone 6 has an increasing propagation angle α, which can assume a size of the angle α ₂ . There is a direct proportional dependence between the size of the impressed twist 11 and the spread angle α. Inversely proportionally, however, behaves the speed of the secondary air flow, which he has downstream of the mouth 5. It results in a sectional view of a velocity distribution in the manner of a curve v ₂ . As the speed decreases, so does the depth of penetration into the combustion chamber 3.

In order to keep the associated loss of efficiency of the incident secondary air as low as possible, the twist 11 is applied as needed, so only intermittently and at intervals. It leads to the fact that in the region of the beam cone 6 with a propagation angle α ₂ in the region of the mouth 6 of the secondary air nozzle 1 on the boiler wall only significantly lower deposits 9 'can accumulate, such as FIG. 3 shows. The secondary air stream tears the not yet cooled and still soft slag parts with him, when the beam cone 6 by applying the twist 11 has the spread angle α ₂ . As a result, disruptive deposits 9 in the area of the orifice 5 of the secondary air nozzle 1 can be eliminated immediately during operation of the incinerator and during combustion in the combustion chamber 3, so that the secondary air nozzle 1 can again develop its full effect.

An example of a twisting device 10 according to FIG. 2 is in FIG. 4 shown. It shows a secondary air nozzle 1 in a sectional view along the section line AA in FIG. 2 , The secondary air nozzle 1 comprises a cylindrical pipe section 20 with a diameter D. On the outer circumference of the pipe section 20 are arranged connections 30 whose longitudinal axes 31 are perpendicular to a central longitudinal plane 21 of the pipe section 20. The connections 30 have inner circumferential surfaces 32 which coincide at vertices S with an inner lateral surface 22 of the tubular section 20. The connections 30 thus open tangentially into the pipe section 20.

Through the pipe section 20, an air stream of so-called secondary air at a rate of about 40 to 60 m / s is introduced into a combustion chamber. To the terminals 30 compressed air is connected. Compressed air is generally available at a pressure of 6 bar. To reduce the consumption of compressed air and thus their costs, either a small diameter d of about 3 mm is selected or the pressure throttled to about 4.5 bar. By injecting the compressed air through the terminals 30, the secondary air flow within the pipe section 20 a twist is imposed.

The compressed air can also be mixed with water or water can be supplied exclusively at one of the two terminals 30. Water increases the effectiveness of the Cleaning process, because it experiences a wider distribution angle due to its higher density at the same spin and thereby even more effective slag parts with it.

Since the systems and methods illustrated in the figures and the description are merely exemplary embodiments, they can be varied in a conventional manner by a person skilled in the art to a large extent, without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, instead of two connections 30, only one or more can be arranged next to one another in one direction of the longitudinal axis of the pipe section 10.

Furthermore, the use of the indefinite article "on" or "one" does not exclude that the characteristics in question may also be present multiple times.

1:

Sekundärluftdüse

2:

Kesselwandung

3:

Verbrennungsraum

4:

Ausmauerung

5:

Mündung der Sekundärluftdüse 1

6:

Strahlkegel

7:

Strahlkern

8:

Wirbel

9:

Ablagerungen

10:

Dralleinrichtung

11:

Drall

20:

Rohrabschnitt

21:

Längsmittelebene des Rohrabschnitts 20

22:

Innenmantelfläche

30:

Anschluss

31:

Längsachse des Anschlusses 30

32:

Innenmantelfläche

a:

Länge des Strahlkerns 7

b:

Länge des selbsterhaltenden Bereichs

d:

Durchmesser des Anschlusses 30

D:

Durchmesser des Rohrabschnitts 10

S:

Scheitelpunkt

α:

Verbreitungswinkel

v:

Kurve der Geschwindigkeitsverteilung

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1:

secondary air

2:

boiler wall

3:

combustion chamber

4:

lining

5:

Mouth of the secondary air nozzle 1

6:

jet cone

7:

beam core

8th:

whirl

9:

deposits

10:

swirl device

11:

twist

20:

pipe section

21:

Longitudinal center plane of the pipe section 20

22:

Inner surface area

30:

connection

31:

Longitudinal axis of the terminal 30th

32:

Inner surface area

a:

Length of the jet core 7

b:

Length of the self-sustaining area

d:

Diameter of the connection 30

D:

Diameter of the pipe section 10

S:

vertex

α:

spread angle

v:

Curve of the velocity distribution

Claims (8)

1. Cleaning method for combustion plants having at least one combustion chamber (3) for afterburning combustion gases, in the case of which at least one air jet (6) is blown into the combustion chamber (3) in order to improve the afterburning by means of a swirled turbulence of the combustion gases, characterized in that a swirl (11) is imparted to the air jet (6) intermittently as a function of the required extent of cleaning.
2. Cleaning method according to Claim 1, characterized in that compressed air and/or water is blown into the air jet (6) in order to generate the swirl (11).
3. Cleaning method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the swirl (11) is generated during the operation of the combustion plant for only a short time and/or in periodically recurring intervals.
4. Cleaning method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that by means of the swirl (11) the air jet (6) experiences a widening to an expansion angle (α₂) of at least 70 degrees, preferably of 110 to 150 degrees.
5. Cleaning method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the generation of the swirl (11) is controlled as a function of the time lapse, and/or of the quantity of air blown in, and/or of the thickness of deposits (8) to be removed.
6. Control device for a swirl generator for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized by a measured value input for receiving measured values with reference to the air blown in and/or with reference to deposits (9) on walls (2, 4) of the combustion chamber (3), by a storage device for storing the measured values, by a parameter determining unit for determining a control parameter for influencing the period of the generation of a swirl (11), and/or the magnitude of its expansion angle (α₂) as a function of the required extent of cleaning, and by a parameter output for outputting the control parameter to a swirl generator.
7. Cleaning apparatus for air nozzles for generating a temporary and/or periodically recurring swirl (11), having a swirl generator for injecting a swirling air jet into a combustion chamber, having a connection for the tangential injection of a medium into the air jet, having a controllable valve with the aid of which the injection of the medium can be controlled, particularly with regard to the period of injection, and having a control device of the swirl generator according to Claim 6.
8. Computer program product which can be loaded directly into a memory of a programmable control device of a swirl generator, and which has program code means in order to execute a cleaning method according to one of Claims 1 to 5 when the program product is loaded into the control device.

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