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EP1798798A1 - Appareil d'alimentation de puissance et procédée pour pile combustible - Google Patents

Appareil d'alimentation de puissance et procédée pour pile combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1798798A1
EP1798798A1 EP06025731A EP06025731A EP1798798A1 EP 1798798 A1 EP1798798 A1 EP 1798798A1 EP 06025731 A EP06025731 A EP 06025731A EP 06025731 A EP06025731 A EP 06025731A EP 1798798 A1 EP1798798 A1 EP 1798798A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
power supply
output current
current
operating point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06025731A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tae-Won Kim
Seung-Tae Ko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Chem Ltd
LG Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
LG Chem Ltd
LG Electronics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LG Chem Ltd, LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Chem Ltd
Publication of EP1798798A1 publication Critical patent/EP1798798A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544—Voltage
    • H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04574—Current
    • H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04895—Current
    • H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • H01M2250/402—Combination of fuel cell with other electric generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a power supply control apparatus and method for a line connection type fuel cell system which can improve operating efficiency and stability of the fuel cell system.
  • a fuel cell is an apparatus for directly converting energy of fuel into electric energy.
  • an anode and a cathode are installed at both sides of a polymer electrolyte film.
  • Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen, which is a fuel is generated in the anode (or oxidation electrode)
  • electrochemical deoxidation of oxygen which is an oxidizing agent
  • the fuel cell generates electrons by the electrochemical oxidation and deoxidation, and generates electric energy by movement of the electrons.
  • Exemplary fuel cells include a phosphoric acid fuel cell, an alkaline fuel cell, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a molten carbonate fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, and a direct methanol fuel cell.
  • the fuel cells can be classified into a commercial fuel cell, a home fuel cell, a vehicle fuel cell for an electric vehicle, and a small-sized fuel cell for a portable terminal or a notebook computer by used fields.
  • the home fuel cell has been improved to efficiently operate an electric home appliance or a lighting apparatus in a house
  • the commercial fuel cell has been improved to efficiently operate a lighting apparatus, a motor or a machine in a shopping center or a factory.
  • FIG 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional power supply apparatus for a line connection type fuel cell system.
  • the conventional power supply apparatus includes a fuel cell 1, a power converting unit 2, and a line power supplying unit 3.
  • the fuel cell 1 includes a stack (not shown) comprised of an anode and a cathode for generating electricity by electrochemical reactions of hydrogen and oxygen, and generates a DC voltage from the stack (not shown).
  • the power converting unit 2 includes a DC/DC converting unit (not shown) for converting the DC voltage into an AC voltage, boosting or dropping the AC voltage, rectifying the resulting voltage, and outputting a DC voltage.
  • the power converting unit 2 also includes an inverter (not shown) for converting the DC voltage from the DC/DC converting unit into an AC voltage.
  • the line power supplying unit 3 supplies common power to each house or public facility. That is, the fuel cell system and the line power supplying unit 3 are linked to each other, for supplying power to each house or public facility.
  • a current i1 outputted from the power converting unit 2 is controlled to be equalized to a current i3 supplied to a load. Therefore, a common power current i2 outputted from the line power supplying unit 3 becomes '0', so that it cannot be supplied to the load.
  • the current i1 is restricted to protect the fuel cell system. That is, in the fuel cell system, a normal region is defined by a probable maximum current and a probable minimum voltage. When the fuel cell 1 is not operated in the normal region, driving of the fuel cell 1 is stopped to protect the fuel cell system. However, even if the output voltage is lower than the probable minimum voltage, the fuel cell system can be stably operated if the output current is reduced. Nevertheless, when the output voltage of the fuel cell is lower than the probable minimum voltage, driving of the fuel cell is stopped, which reduces operating efficiency of the fuel cell system.
  • the present invention provides a power supply control apparatus and method for a line connection type fuel cell system which can improve operating efficiency and stability of the fuel cell system, by presetting a normal region which is a stable operating region of a fuel cell, detecting a current operating point of the fuel cell according to an output voltage, an output current and an operating condition of the fuel cell in non-sale of the fuel cell, and automatically controlling an output current of an inverter so that the detected operating point can exist in the normal region.
  • a power supply control apparatus for a line connection type fuel cell system, including: a storing unit for pre-storing a normal region and a warning region according to an operating condition of a fuel cell and a correlation between an output voltage and an output current of the fuel cell; a power converting unit for increasing or decreasing the output current from the fuel cell according to a control signal; a detecting unit for detecting a common power current; and a control unit for detecting an operating point of the fuel cell, and outputting a control signal for varying the output current of the fuel cell on the basis of the position of the detected operating point and detection or non-detection of the common power current.
  • Another embodiment is directed to a method for a line connection type fuel cell system, including detecting an operating point of a fuel cell and a common power current. An output current of the fuel cell is varied on the basis of the position of the detected operating point and detection or non-detection of the common power current.
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a power supply control apparatus and method for a line connection type fuel cell system which can improve operating efficiency and stability of the fuel cell system by varying an output voltage of a fuel cell by automatically controlling an output current of an inverter in non-sale of the fuel cell will.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the power supply control apparatus for the line connection type fuel cell system in accordance with the present invention.
  • the power supply control apparatus may include a fuel cell 10, a power converting unit 20, a line power supplying unit 30, a control unit 40, a storing unit 50 and a detecting unit 60.
  • the fuel cell 10 includes a stack (not shown) comprised of an anode and a cathode for generating electricity by electrochemical reactions of hydrogen and oxygen, and generates a DC voltage from the stack (not shown).
  • the power converting unit 20 converts the DC voltage from the fuel cell 10 into a predetermined level AC voltage and outputs the AC voltage.
  • the power converting unit 20 includes a DC/DC converting unit 21 and an inverter 22.
  • the DC/DC converting unit 21 converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage, boosts or drops the AC voltage, rectifies the resulting voltage, and outputs a DC voltage.
  • the inverter 22 converts the DC voltage from the DC/DC converting unit 21 into an AC voltage according to a control signal, and outputs the AC voltage.
  • the inverter 22 varies an output current according to a control signal, thereby preventing a current i1 generated in the fuel cell system from being supplied to the line power supplying unit 30. That is, the inverter 22 controls the current i1 of the output terminal of the fuel cell system to prevent the current from flowing into the line power supplying unit 30.
  • the line power supplying unit 30 supplies common power to each house or public facility.
  • the detecting unit 60 detects a common power current i2 outputted from the line power supplying unit 30.
  • the storing unit 50 presets and pre-stores a normal region which is a stable operating region of the fuel cell 10.
  • the storing unit 50 may also pre-store a warning region. The warning region may be determined by using load characteristic curves by an operating condition of the fuel cell 10 and a correlation between an output voltage and an output current of the fuel cell 10.
  • the normal region and the warning region may be set on the basis of characteristic curves by the operating condition, the output current and the output voltage of the fuel cell 10 and preset load corresponding curves.
  • the control unit 40 detects an operating point of the fuel cell 10, and outputs a control signal for varying the output current of the fuel cell 10 on the basis of the position of the detected operating point and detection or non-detection of the common power current i2. That is, when the operating point of the fuel cell 10 exists in the normal region, the control unit 40 may increase or decrease the output current i1 of the fuel cell 10 according to detection or non-detection of the common power current i2.
  • the control unit 40 may decrease the output current of the inverter 22. Conversely, if the common power current i2 is detected, the control unit 40 may increase the output current of the inverter 22.
  • the control unit 40 decreases the output current of the fuel cell 10. In one embodiment, this is accomplished by decreasing the output current i1 of the inverter 22.
  • the control unit 40 stops, i.e., disables, the fuel cell system.
  • Figure 4 illustrates one embodiment of a method of operating a power supply apparatus for the line connection type fuel cell system in accordance with the present invention.
  • the storing unit 50 presets and pre-stores the normal region which is a stable operating region of the fuel cell 10 and the warning region on the basis of the characteristic curves by the operating condition of the fuel cell 10 and the correlation between the output voltage and the output current of the fuel cell 10, and the load corresponding curves, as illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the operating condition may include an air quantity and a fuel quantity supplied to the fuel cell 10, and an external temperature.
  • the DC/DC converting unit 21 converts the DC voltage from the fuel cell 10 into an AC voltage, boosts or drops the AC voltage, rectifies the boosted or dropped AC voltage into a DC voltage, and applies the DC voltage to the inverter 22.
  • the inverter 22 converts the DC voltage from the DC/DC converting unit 21 into a predetermined level AC voltage according to the control signal, and outputs the AC voltage.
  • the control unit 40 detects the operating condition, the output current and the output voltage of the fuel cell 10 (S1 and S2), and detects the current operating point of the fuel cell 10 by using the detected operating condition, output current and output voltage (S3). The control unit 40 determines whether the detected operating point exists in the normal region (S4).
  • the control unit 40 decreases the output current of the fuel cell 10, for example, by decreasing the output current of the inverter (S10).
  • the control unit 40 may decrease the output current of the inverter 22 until the detected operating point exists in the normal region.
  • the control unit 40 stops or disables the operation of the fuel cell system (S9).
  • control unit 40 determines whether the common power current i2 has been detected by the detecting unit 60 (S5), and increases or decreases the output current i1 of the inverter 22 of the fuel cell 10 (S6 and S7) according to the decision result (S5).
  • the control unit 40 increases the output current i1 of the inverter 22 of the fuel cell 10 (S6). For example, since the output voltage of the fuel cell system cannot be sold to a customer, the output current of the fuel cell system is not supplied to the line power supplying unit 30.
  • the control unit 40 decreases the output current i1 of the inverter 22 of the fuel cell 10 (S7).
  • the control unit 40 of a conventional power supply may typically operate the fuel cell 10 at the point labeled '1', or may stop the fuel cell 10 by low voltage trip.
  • the control unit 40 normally operates the fuel cell 10 in '2' because the operating point of the fuel cell 10 exists in the normal region.
  • the power supply control apparatus for the line connection type fuel cell system presets the normal region which is a stable operating region of the fuel cell, detects the current operating point of the fuel cell according to the output voltage, the output current and the operating condition of the fuel cell in non-sale of the fuel cell, and automatically controls the output current of the inverter so that the detected operating point can exist in the normal region.
  • the normal region which is a stable operating region of the fuel cell
  • detects the current operating point of the fuel cell according to the output voltage, the output current and the operating condition of the fuel cell in non-sale of the fuel cell
  • automatically controls the output current of the inverter so that the detected operating point can exist in the normal region.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
EP06025731A 2005-12-13 2006-12-12 Appareil d'alimentation de puissance et procédée pour pile combustible Withdrawn EP1798798A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020050122717A KR100641127B1 (ko) 2005-12-13 2005-12-13 계통 연계형 연료전지 시스템의 전원공급 제어장치 및 방법

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1798798A1 true EP1798798A1 (fr) 2007-06-20

Family

ID=37649823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06025731A Withdrawn EP1798798A1 (fr) 2005-12-13 2006-12-12 Appareil d'alimentation de puissance et procédée pour pile combustible

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20070134528A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1798798A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100641127B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1983759A (fr)
RU (1) RU2325749C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI122202B (fi) * 2008-12-09 2011-10-14 Waertsilae Finland Oy Polttokennolaite ja menetelmä sähkövirran syöttämiseksi sähköverkkoon
TWI376860B (en) * 2009-04-08 2012-11-11 Young Green Energy Co Fuel cell system and power management method thereof
US9522599B2 (en) * 2012-03-19 2016-12-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method for estimating parameters for a vehicle battery
US8935025B2 (en) * 2012-06-13 2015-01-13 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Hybrid battery power limit control
JP6168029B2 (ja) 2014-11-13 2017-07-26 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池搭載車両の外部給電システムの制御方法、および、外部給電システム
CN104515894B (zh) * 2014-12-18 2017-11-17 天地融科技股份有限公司 可充电电池电压的测试方法及装置
CN107512191B (zh) * 2017-09-13 2024-01-23 无锡商业职业技术学院 一种用于氢燃料电池电动汽车的实验装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2054220A (en) * 1979-07-23 1981-02-11 United Technologies Corp Controlling power flow between an electrochemical cell and a power grid
WO2003010841A2 (fr) * 2001-07-25 2003-02-06 Ballard Power Systems, Inc. Appareil et procede pour surveiller et commander l'environnement ambiant d'une pile a combustible
US20050136311A1 (en) * 2000-10-03 2005-06-23 Tetsuya Ueda Power generation control system, power generation control method, program, and medium
US20050184594A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-25 Fredette Steven J. Electric storage augmentation of fuel cell response to AC system transients

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891879A (en) * 1974-06-25 1975-06-24 Mitsubishi Steel Mfg Rotor for a hysteresis motor
JP2888717B2 (ja) * 1992-04-06 1999-05-10 公生 石丸 エネルギー供給システム
JP4464474B2 (ja) 1998-06-25 2010-05-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池システム、燃料電池車両及び燃料電池制御方法
CA2377412C (fr) * 1999-07-27 2003-08-05 Idatech, Llc Controleur de dispositif de piles a combustible
WO2005004261A2 (fr) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-13 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Regulation de piles a combustible

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2054220A (en) * 1979-07-23 1981-02-11 United Technologies Corp Controlling power flow between an electrochemical cell and a power grid
US20050136311A1 (en) * 2000-10-03 2005-06-23 Tetsuya Ueda Power generation control system, power generation control method, program, and medium
WO2003010841A2 (fr) * 2001-07-25 2003-02-06 Ballard Power Systems, Inc. Appareil et procede pour surveiller et commander l'environnement ambiant d'une pile a combustible
US20050184594A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-25 Fredette Steven J. Electric storage augmentation of fuel cell response to AC system transients

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1983759A (zh) 2007-06-20
RU2325749C1 (ru) 2008-05-27
US20070134528A1 (en) 2007-06-14
KR100641127B1 (ko) 2006-11-02

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