EP1793192A1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents
Plate heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1793192A1 EP1793192A1 EP05026404A EP05026404A EP1793192A1 EP 1793192 A1 EP1793192 A1 EP 1793192A1 EP 05026404 A EP05026404 A EP 05026404A EP 05026404 A EP05026404 A EP 05026404A EP 1793192 A1 EP1793192 A1 EP 1793192A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- header
- block
- plate heat
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0243—Header boxes having a circular cross-section
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plate heat exchanger according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the heat exchanger block of a plate heat exchanger consists of several layers of heat exchange passages, which are each delimited by separating plates against each other. End strips and cover plates form the outer frame of the heat exchanger block. Within a layer, further separating strips can be provided which separate heat exchange passages for different material flows from one another.
- headers are welded over the inlet and outlet openings of the heat exchange passages, which are provided with a fluid connection.
- headers are usually used semi-cylindrical shells, but may also have other shapes.
- the walls of the header typically form an outside angle of 90 ° with the corresponding side of the block (see, for example, "The Standards of the Brazed Aluminum Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger Manufacturers' Association, ALPEMA," Second Edition, 2000, FIG. 5).
- a "fluid port” serves to supply or discharge fluid into or out of the header.
- a pipe socket which are arranged in the half-cylinder jacket of the header opposite the inlet and outlet openings; At these pipe sockets, the pipes for the incoming and outgoing fluid flows are connected.
- plate heat exchangers can be used for the simultaneous heat exchange of many fluid streams.
- appropriate headers are then to be attached above the respective inlet and outlet openings of the heat exchange passages and provided with pipelines (see, for example, "US Pat. The Standards of the Brazed Aluminum Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger Manufacturers' Association, ALPEMA, Second Edition, 2000 , Figure 1-1).
- side of a heat exchanger block is to be understood geometrically, that is, it is a flat surface of the heat exchanger block, which is generally cuboid.
- the invention has for its object to improve the flow characteristics within the header.
- This object is achieved in that the side of the heat exchanger block and at least a portion of the wall of the header form an outer angle which is smaller than 90 °.
- Outside angle is understood to mean the angle outside the header. In the event that the relevant wall portion of the header is accurately connected to the edge of the block, this outer angle is formed by the angle of the wall with the imaginary continuation of the block side beyond this edge.
- the non-perpendicular connection of the header wall to the block side causes the flow area in the header to be increased without having to increase its base area facing the heat exchanger block.
- an improved flow characteristic is achieved inside the header, which in turn causes a reduced pressure loss and a more uniform distribution of the fluid to the passages.
- more than half of a cylinder jacket is used as a header instead of a half cylinder. If you move the cylinder axis of the header from the side of the heat exchanger with a constant diameter by about 10% of the cylinder diameter, the pressure loss can be reduced by about 35%.
- This advantage is achieved even with the same nominal size of the header (ie the same connection dimensions and the same wall thickness) and even reduced footprint.
- this eccentricity can be varied continuously.
- the flow cross-section of the header can thus specifically adapted to the particular application and in particular a misallocation can be efficiently avoided.
- the invention can also be applied to other types of headers, for example those with an oval, asymmetrical and / or angular cross-section.
- the outer angle is preferably 87 ° or less, in particular 81 ° or less, in particular 75 ° or less and is at least equal to 40 °, in particular at least equal to 55 °, in particular at least equal to 65 °.
- the invention is realized in that the header over a part of its length or over its entire length has a cross section in the form of a circle segment with an opening angle of more than 180 °.
- the cuboid heat exchanger block 1 configured header 2, the fluid port 3 and the subsequent piping 4.
- the illustrated header can serve as an inlet or outlet for a fluid.
- the plate heat exchanger according to the invention further headers. These may be conventional or just like the header shown. Any mixture between inventive and conventional headers is possible within the scope of the invention.
- the header 2 is arranged on the side 5 of the block 1 and formed in the form of a cylinder jacket segment with an opening angle 6 of more than 180 °, for example about 200 °.
- the wall 7 of the header 2 forms an outer angle 8 with the side 5. (In order to make the outer angle visible, a tangent surface 9 of the header wall 7 is shown in FIG. 2).
- the two embodiments differ by the orientation of the fluid port 3.
- the fluid port 3 is oriented perpendicular to the side 5 of the block 1.
- the fluid thus flows through the pipeline 4 parallel to the side 5 or from.
- a baffle 10 located in the pipe 4, a baffle 10, as in the older German patent application 102005055676.0 (internal file number of the applicant: P05271-DE / AVA, filing date: 22.11.2005) and the corresponding applications.
- the baffle is not arranged in the present case on the cylinder axis of the pipeline, but at a distance 11 to this.
- the pipeline 4 has a cylindrical shape and continues to the left (not shown in FIG. 1).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plattenwärmetauscher gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger according to the preamble of
Der Aufbau eines Plattenwärmetauschers ist aus "
Der Wärmetauscherblock eines Plattenwärmetauschers besteht aus mehreren Lagen von Wärmeaustauschpassagen, die jeweils durch Trennbleche gegeneinander abgegrenzt sind. Abschlussleisten sowie Deckbleche bilden den äußeren Rahmen des Wärmetauscherblocks. Innerhalb einer Lage können weitere Trennleisten vorgesehen sein, die Wärmeaustauschpassagen für unterschiedliche Stoffströme voneinander trennen.The heat exchanger block of a plate heat exchanger consists of several layers of heat exchange passages, which are each delimited by separating plates against each other. End strips and cover plates form the outer frame of the heat exchanger block. Within a layer, further separating strips can be provided which separate heat exchange passages for different material flows from one another.
Der zunächst aus losen Bauteilen bestehende Wärmetauscherblock wird dann in einem Lötofen verlötet, so dass alle Bauteile miteinander dicht verbunden sind. Anschließend werden über den Ein- und Austrittsöffnungen der Wärmeaustauschpassagen Header aufgeschweißt, die mit einem Fluidanschluss versehen sind. Als Header werden üblicherweise halbzylindrische Schalen eingesetzt, können aber auch andere Formen aufweisen. Die Wände des Headers bilden mit der entsprechenden Seite des Blocks in der Regel einen Außenwinkel von 90° (siehe zum Beispiel "The Standards of the Brazed Aluminium Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger Manufacturers' Association, ALPEMA", Second Edition, 2000, Figur 1-5). Ein "Fluidanschluss" dient zur Zu- oder Abfuhr von Fluid in den oder aus dem Header. Er wird in der Regel durch einen Rohrstutzen gebildet, der in dem Halbzylindermantel des Headers gegenüber den Ein- bzw. Austrittsöffnungen angeordnet sind; an diese Rohrstutzen werden die Rohrleitungen für die zu- und abzuführenden Fluidströme angeschlossen. Alternativ kann der Fluidanschluss oder die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Seite des Wärmetauscherblocks angeordnet sein, das Anschlussrohr setzt dann zum Beispiel den Header über den Rand des Blocks hinaus fort (siehe
Durch geeignete Anordnung von Trennleisten können Plattenwärmetauscher für den gleichzeitigen Wärmeaustausch von vielen Fluidströmen eingesetzt werden. Für jeden der Fluidströme sind dann entsprechende Header über den jeweiligen Ein- und Austrittsöffnungen der Wärmeaustauschpassagen anzubringen und mit Rohrleitungen zu versehen (siehe zum Beispiel "
Der Begriff "Seite" eines Wärmetauscherblocks ist hier geometrisch zu verstehen, das heißt es handelt sich um eine ebene Oberfläche des Wärmetauscherblocks, der in der Regel quaderförmig ausgebildet ist.The term "side" of a heat exchanger block is to be understood geometrically, that is, it is a flat surface of the heat exchanger block, which is generally cuboid.
Häufig treten in derartigen Headern relativ hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten auf und bewirken einen hohen Druckverlust und/oder eine Fehlverteilung des Fluids auf die einzelnen Passagen.Frequently occur in such headers relatively high flow velocities and cause a high pressure drop and / or a misallocation of the fluid to the individual passages.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Strömungscharakteristik innerhalb des Headers zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to improve the flow characteristics within the header.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Seite des Wärmetauscherblocks und mindestens ein Abschnitt der Wand des Headers einen Außenwinkel bilden, der kleiner als 90° ist.This object is achieved in that the side of the heat exchanger block and at least a portion of the wall of the header form an outer angle which is smaller than 90 °.
Unter "Außenwinkel" wird hier der außerhalb des Headers liegende Winkel verstanden. Für den Fall, dass der betreffende Wandabschnitt des Headers genau mit der Kante des Blocks verbunden ist, wird dieser Außenwinkel durch den Winkel der Wand mit der gedachten Fortsetzung der Blockseite über diese Kante hinaus gebildet."Outside angle" is understood to mean the angle outside the header. In the event that the relevant wall portion of the header is accurately connected to the edge of the block, this outer angle is formed by the angle of the wall with the imaginary continuation of the block side beyond this edge.
Die nicht senkrechte Verbindung der Headerwand mit der Blockseite bewirkt, dass der Strömungsquerschnitt in dem Header vergrößert werden kann, ohne dass dabei seine dem Wärmetauscherblock zugewandte Grundfläche erhöht werden muss. Somit wird eine verbesserte Strömungscharakteristik im Inneren des Headers erzielt, die wiederum einen verringerten Druckverlust und eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung des Fluids auf die Passagen bewirkt.The non-perpendicular connection of the header wall to the block side causes the flow area in the header to be increased without having to increase its base area facing the heat exchanger block. Thus, an improved flow characteristic is achieved inside the header, which in turn causes a reduced pressure loss and a more uniform distribution of the fluid to the passages.
Beispielsweise wird gemäß der Erfindung statt eines Halbzylinders mehr als die Hälfte eines Zylindermantels als Header verwendet. Verschiebt man die Zylinderachse des Headers von der Seite des Wärmetauschers bei gleich bleibendem Durchmesser um etwa 10 % des Zylinderdurchmessers, kann der Druckverlust um etwa 35 % vermindert werden. Dieser Vorteil wird sogar bei gleicher Nennweite des Headers (also gleichen Anschlussmaßen und gleicher Wandstärke) und sogar verringerter Grundfläche erzielt. Darüber hinaus kann diese Exzentrizität stufenlos variiert werden. Im Gegensatz zu der Variation der Nennweite, die nur in größeren Sprüngen möglich ist, kann der Strömungsquerschnitt des Headers damit gezielt an die jeweilige Anwendung angepasst und insbesondere eine Fehlverteilung effizient vermieden werden.For example, according to the invention, more than half of a cylinder jacket is used as a header instead of a half cylinder. If you move the cylinder axis of the header from the side of the heat exchanger with a constant diameter by about 10% of the cylinder diameter, the pressure loss can be reduced by about 35%. This advantage is achieved even with the same nominal size of the header (ie the same connection dimensions and the same wall thickness) and even reduced footprint. In addition, this eccentricity can be varied continuously. In contrast to the variation of the nominal size, which is possible only in larger jumps, the flow cross-section of the header can thus specifically adapted to the particular application and in particular a misallocation can be efficiently avoided.
Die Erfindung kann aber auch auf andere Header-Formen angewendet werden, beispielsweise solche mit ovalem, asymmetrischem und/oder eckigem Querschnitt.However, the invention can also be applied to other types of headers, for example those with an oval, asymmetrical and / or angular cross-section.
Vorzugsweise beträgt der Außenwinkel 87° oder weniger, insbesondere 81° oder weniger, insbesondere 75° oder weniger und ist mindestens gleich 40°, insbesondere mindestens gleich 55°, insbesondere mindestens gleich 65°.The outer angle is preferably 87 ° or less, in particular 81 ° or less, in particular 75 ° or less and is at least equal to 40 °, in particular at least equal to 55 °, in particular at least equal to 65 °.
Im Falle eines zumindest abschnittsweise in Form eines Zylindermantelsegments ausgebildeten Headers wird die Erfindung dadurch realisiert, dass der Header über einen Teil seiner Länge oder über seine gesamte Länge einen Querschnitt in Form eines Kreissegments mit einem Öffnungswinkel von mehr als 180° aufweist.In the case of a header formed at least in sections in the form of a cylinder jacket segment, the invention is realized in that the header over a part of its length or over its entire length has a cross section in the form of a circle segment with an opening angle of more than 180 °.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:
Figuren 1 und 2- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Plattenwärmetauschers mit seitlichem Anschluss in zwei um 90° gegeneinander gedrehten Seitenansichten und
Figuren 3 und 4- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit zentralem Anschluss.
- Figures 1 and 2
- a first embodiment of an inventively designed plate heat exchanger with lateral connection in two rotated by 90 ° to each other side views and
- FIGS. 3 and 4
- a second embodiment with central connection.
In den Figuren sind lediglich die für die Erläuterung der Erfindung wichtigen Teile dargestellt, der quaderförmige Wärmetauscherblock 1, der erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltete Header 2, der Fluidanschluss 3 und die dort anschließende Rohrleitung 4. Der dargestellte Header kann als Ein- oder Auslass für ein Fluid dienen. Selbstverständlich weist der erfindungsgemäße Plattenwärmetauscher weitere Header auf. Diese können konventionell oder ebenso wie der dargestellte Header ausgeführt sein. Jede Mischung zwischen erfindungsgemäßen und konventionellen Headern ist im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich.In the figures, only the parts important for the explanation of the invention are shown, the cuboid
Der Header 2 ist an der Seite 5 des Blocks 1 angeordnet und in Form eines Zylindermantelsegments mit einem Öffnungswinkel 6 von mehr als 180°, beispielsweise etwa 200° ausgebildet. Die Wand 7 des Headers 2 bildet mit der Seite 5 einen Außenwinkel 8. (Um den Außenwinkel sichtbar zu machen ist in Figur 2 eine Tangentenfläche 9 der Headerwand 7 eingezeichnet.) Die ZylinderThe
Die beiden Ausführungsbeispiele unterscheiden sich durch die Ausrichtung des Fluidanschlusses 3. In Figur 1 ist der Fluidanschluss 3 senkrecht zur Seite 5 des Blocks 1 orientiert. Das Fluid strömt also über die Rohrleitung 4 parallel zur Seite 5 zu beziehungsweise ab. Insbesondere wenn es sich um eine Zuleitung handelt, befindet sich in der Rohrleitung 4 ein Leitblech 10, wie es in der älteren
In der Variante der Figuren 3 und 4 ist der Fluidanschluss 3 dagegen parallel zur Seite 5 ausgerichtet. Das Fluid strömt in den Zeichnungen in vertikaler Richtung durch die Rohrleitung 4 zu beziehungsweise ab.In contrast, in the variant of FIGS. 3 and 4, the
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05026404A EP1793192A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Plate heat exchanger |
| EP06023933A EP1793193A3 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-17 | Plate heat exchanger |
| CNA2006101604610A CN1982833A (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-28 | Plate heat exchanger |
| JP2006322080A JP2007155317A (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-29 | Plate heat exchanger |
| US11/607,094 US20070137844A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-12-01 | Plate heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05026404A EP1793192A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Plate heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1793192A1 true EP1793192A1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
Family
ID=36201488
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05026404A Withdrawn EP1793192A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Plate heat exchanger |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070137844A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1793192A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007155317A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1982833A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10378832B2 (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2019-08-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a plate heat exchanger using two welds, and a corresponding plate heat exchanger |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2267905A (en) * | 1939-12-04 | 1941-12-30 | Frantz Peter | Heating apparatus |
| US4569391A (en) * | 1984-07-16 | 1986-02-11 | Harsco Corporation | Compact heat exchanger |
| US20030182785A1 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-02 | Harkins Bruce David | Method for attaching an air duct to a recuperator core |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US828807A (en) * | 1904-11-02 | 1906-08-14 | Andrew Bolton | Apparatus for superheating steam. |
| US2602647A (en) * | 1951-03-30 | 1952-07-08 | Standard Oil Co | Tubular contactor with conical distribution plate |
| US2875986A (en) * | 1957-04-12 | 1959-03-03 | Ferrotherm Company | Heat exchanger |
| US3216495A (en) * | 1963-08-07 | 1965-11-09 | Gen Motors Corp | Stacked plate regenerators |
| US3255818A (en) * | 1964-03-09 | 1966-06-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Involute plate heat exchanger |
| DE2222269C2 (en) * | 1972-05-06 | 1984-05-24 | Kobe Steel, Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo | Falling column for rectifying liquids |
| US4310960A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1982-01-19 | The Garrett Corporation | Method of fabrication of a formed plate, counterflow fluid heat exchanger and apparatus thereof |
| US3852166A (en) * | 1973-07-20 | 1974-12-03 | Johnson & Co Inc A | Process for separating hydrocarbon materials |
| US4276927A (en) * | 1979-06-04 | 1981-07-07 | The Trane Company | Plate type heat exchanger |
| FI79409C (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1989-12-11 | Pentti Raunio | Method for constructing a heat exchanger and according to method t designed heat exchanger. |
| FR2665755B1 (en) * | 1990-08-07 | 1993-06-18 | Air Liquide | NITROGEN PRODUCTION APPARATUS. |
| US5261485A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1993-11-16 | Hpd, Incorporated | Slurry distributor |
| TW216453B (en) * | 1992-07-08 | 1993-11-21 | Air Prod & Chem | Integrated plate-fin heat exchange reformation |
| US5775412A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1998-07-07 | Gidding Engineering, Inc. | High pressure dense heat transfer area heat exchanger |
| US6267176B1 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-07-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Weld-free heat exchanger assembly |
| SE523519C2 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-04-27 | Rekuperator Svenska Ab | Device for plate heat exchanger and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2004257729A (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Linde Ag | Method of manufacturing heat exchanger |
| CN100541107C (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2009-09-16 | 林德股份公司 | Heat exchanger |
-
2005
- 2005-12-02 EP EP05026404A patent/EP1793192A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-11-28 CN CNA2006101604610A patent/CN1982833A/en active Pending
- 2006-11-29 JP JP2006322080A patent/JP2007155317A/en active Pending
- 2006-12-01 US US11/607,094 patent/US20070137844A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2267905A (en) * | 1939-12-04 | 1941-12-30 | Frantz Peter | Heating apparatus |
| US4569391A (en) * | 1984-07-16 | 1986-02-11 | Harsco Corporation | Compact heat exchanger |
| US20030182785A1 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-02 | Harkins Bruce David | Method for attaching an air duct to a recuperator core |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1982833A (en) | 2007-06-20 |
| JP2007155317A (en) | 2007-06-21 |
| US20070137844A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
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